In the Chinese political tradition,"the gentlemen do not form partisanship."This was one of the hallmarks of literati politics.Yet,the Chinese literati had always tended to organize themselves into associati...In the Chinese political tradition,"the gentlemen do not form partisanship."This was one of the hallmarks of literati politics.Yet,the Chinese literati had always tended to organize themselves into associations.Hence,in a certain sense,the identity of the literati inimperial China,which depended on such intermediate groups as clans,religions,schools,guilds,countrymen's clubs,formed the basis of civil society.1 In the late Qing dynasty(1644-1911),with the abolition of the keju system,the imperial examinations to recruit candidates for civil service,the conventional route for intellectuals to achieve political promotion was cut off.It was necessary for them to seek new ways of displaying their power in the new political structure.The aim of this article is to discuss the emergence of group power in modern China.展开更多
文摘In the Chinese political tradition,"the gentlemen do not form partisanship."This was one of the hallmarks of literati politics.Yet,the Chinese literati had always tended to organize themselves into associations.Hence,in a certain sense,the identity of the literati inimperial China,which depended on such intermediate groups as clans,religions,schools,guilds,countrymen's clubs,formed the basis of civil society.1 In the late Qing dynasty(1644-1911),with the abolition of the keju system,the imperial examinations to recruit candidates for civil service,the conventional route for intellectuals to achieve political promotion was cut off.It was necessary for them to seek new ways of displaying their power in the new political structure.The aim of this article is to discuss the emergence of group power in modern China.
