Cryopreservation of living cells and tissues plays a vital role in biomedical research,clinical applications,biotechnology innovation,the development of new vaccines and drugs,and the conservation of endangered specie...Cryopreservation of living cells and tissues plays a vital role in biomedical research,clinical applications,biotechnology innovation,the development of new vaccines and drugs,and the conservation of endangered species.While significant technological breakthroughs have been achieved in cooling methods-particularly through vitrification for large tissue and organs-the lack of optimal rewarming technology remains a key obstacle to successful cryopreservation,especially for larger samples such as tissues and organs.The primary challenges during the warming process include non-uniformity heating and insufficient rewarming rates,which can lead to thermal stress-induced structural damage and lethal ice recrystallization,ultimately compromising the integrity and functionality of biological materials.In recent years,various advanced warming techniques have emerged,employing different energy conversion approaches to achieve volumetric heating while minimizing the risk of overheating.These techniques involve thermal,mechanical-thermal,and electromagnetic-thermal energy conversions.However,each method presents its own limitation.This review aims to summarize recent advancements in rewarming technologies for cryopreservation,with a focus on their mechanisms,applications,and the key challenges that must be addressed to enable broader adoption in medical and commercial contexts.展开更多
目的探讨口腔微生物菌群多样性及组成随年龄变化的特征,为理解不同年龄阶段的口腔微生态演替规律提供参考。方法本研究基于美国国家健康与营养调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)2009—2012年共9021名14~6...目的探讨口腔微生物菌群多样性及组成随年龄变化的特征,为理解不同年龄阶段的口腔微生态演替规律提供参考。方法本研究基于美国国家健康与营养调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)2009—2012年共9021名14~69岁人群的口腔微生物组16S rRNA V4区测序数据,采用复杂抽样加权分析方法,系统评估口腔微生物α多样性、β多样性及主要菌属相对丰度在不同年龄段的变化趋势。结果多项α多样性指标(Observed OTUs、Faith’s PD、Shannon指数)随年龄呈显著倒U形分布,于25~30岁达到高峰,随后逐渐下降;该趋势在性别、种族、吸烟及牙周状况等亚组中均一致。β多样性分析显示口腔微生物群落结构随年龄出现渐进性偏移。菌属水平结果显示罗斯菌属、普雷沃菌属cluster6、乳杆菌属等随年龄稳步上升;嗜血杆菌属、卟啉单胞菌属、棒杆菌属等随年龄显著下降;梭杆菌属、密螺旋体属cluster2等则在青年期短暂高峰后逐步下降。结论年龄是口腔微生态演替的重要驱动因素,菌群在不同生命阶段呈现动态变化,未来亟需基于纵向队列和多组学整合的研究进一步解析其演替机制。展开更多
安全阀离线校验是验证安全阀性能的核心手段,而传统的人工读表判定方法受主观因素影响大,校验结果的一致性难以保证。本文提出一种基于多段线性回归(Piecewise Linear Regression,PLR)的安全阀数字离线校验方法,该方法将校验过程视为由...安全阀离线校验是验证安全阀性能的核心手段,而传统的人工读表判定方法受主观因素影响大,校验结果的一致性难以保证。本文提出一种基于多段线性回归(Piecewise Linear Regression,PLR)的安全阀数字离线校验方法,该方法将校验过程视为由“升压段”“控压段”“开启段”“泄压段”构成,通过算法实现曲线的精确分段,自动寻找整定压力拐点。本文详细阐述了算法的数学原理,通过设计模拟实验与真实校验数据进行验证,结果表明该方法用于安全阀离线校验中是可行的,为安全阀校验结果的可追溯提供了可靠的技术支持。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Award Number:2346842).
文摘Cryopreservation of living cells and tissues plays a vital role in biomedical research,clinical applications,biotechnology innovation,the development of new vaccines and drugs,and the conservation of endangered species.While significant technological breakthroughs have been achieved in cooling methods-particularly through vitrification for large tissue and organs-the lack of optimal rewarming technology remains a key obstacle to successful cryopreservation,especially for larger samples such as tissues and organs.The primary challenges during the warming process include non-uniformity heating and insufficient rewarming rates,which can lead to thermal stress-induced structural damage and lethal ice recrystallization,ultimately compromising the integrity and functionality of biological materials.In recent years,various advanced warming techniques have emerged,employing different energy conversion approaches to achieve volumetric heating while minimizing the risk of overheating.These techniques involve thermal,mechanical-thermal,and electromagnetic-thermal energy conversions.However,each method presents its own limitation.This review aims to summarize recent advancements in rewarming technologies for cryopreservation,with a focus on their mechanisms,applications,and the key challenges that must be addressed to enable broader adoption in medical and commercial contexts.
文摘为了改善人参和覆盆子复合培养基制备香料香气品格特性,该研究采用从清香型大曲中分离得到的产香异常威克汉姆酵母(Wickerhamomyces anomalus)SMR-WA08发酵人参-覆盆子复合培养基。通过单因素试验探讨初始pH、发酵温度、转速、接种量、种龄、装液量和发酵时间对致香成分相对含量的影响,并结合响应面法优化菌株SMR-WA08产香条件,运用非靶向代谢组学技术分析其香气成分与差异代谢物。结果表明,最佳产香条件为:初始pH 5.5、发酵温度26℃、转速110 r/min、接种量5%、种龄30 h、装液量100 m L/250 m L、发酵时间4 d。在此优化条件下,致香成分相对含量为(184.55±2.84)%。代谢组学分析结果显示,实验组(T组)与空白对照组(C组)之间存在显著代谢差异,基于变量重要性投影(VIP)值>1且P<0.05共筛选出798个显著差异代谢物,其中333个上调,465个下调。该研究结果显示,异常威克汉姆酵母发酵能有效调控人参-覆盆子基质中相关代谢通路及代谢物,从而丰富和改善产香品质。
文摘目的探讨口腔微生物菌群多样性及组成随年龄变化的特征,为理解不同年龄阶段的口腔微生态演替规律提供参考。方法本研究基于美国国家健康与营养调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)2009—2012年共9021名14~69岁人群的口腔微生物组16S rRNA V4区测序数据,采用复杂抽样加权分析方法,系统评估口腔微生物α多样性、β多样性及主要菌属相对丰度在不同年龄段的变化趋势。结果多项α多样性指标(Observed OTUs、Faith’s PD、Shannon指数)随年龄呈显著倒U形分布,于25~30岁达到高峰,随后逐渐下降;该趋势在性别、种族、吸烟及牙周状况等亚组中均一致。β多样性分析显示口腔微生物群落结构随年龄出现渐进性偏移。菌属水平结果显示罗斯菌属、普雷沃菌属cluster6、乳杆菌属等随年龄稳步上升;嗜血杆菌属、卟啉单胞菌属、棒杆菌属等随年龄显著下降;梭杆菌属、密螺旋体属cluster2等则在青年期短暂高峰后逐步下降。结论年龄是口腔微生态演替的重要驱动因素,菌群在不同生命阶段呈现动态变化,未来亟需基于纵向队列和多组学整合的研究进一步解析其演替机制。
文摘安全阀离线校验是验证安全阀性能的核心手段,而传统的人工读表判定方法受主观因素影响大,校验结果的一致性难以保证。本文提出一种基于多段线性回归(Piecewise Linear Regression,PLR)的安全阀数字离线校验方法,该方法将校验过程视为由“升压段”“控压段”“开启段”“泄压段”构成,通过算法实现曲线的精确分段,自动寻找整定压力拐点。本文详细阐述了算法的数学原理,通过设计模拟实验与真实校验数据进行验证,结果表明该方法用于安全阀离线校验中是可行的,为安全阀校验结果的可追溯提供了可靠的技术支持。
