Grid pattern was textured on Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy(TC4)substrate surface by nanosecond laser system.Laser joining of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite(CFRTP)to TC4 joints were performed,and the effect of tex...Grid pattern was textured on Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy(TC4)substrate surface by nanosecond laser system.Laser joining of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite(CFRTP)to TC4 joints were performed,and the effect of texture grid depth was investigated.The contact angle of molten CFRTP on textured TC4 surface was measured and the tensile-shear force was tested.The fracture surface and interface morphology were observed.The results indicated that the wettability of molten CFRTP on TC4 surface improved remarkably after laser textured TC4.Shear force of CFRTP/TC4 joints was increased by 156%after laser textured TC4 surface.When the depth of grid was deeper than 100μm,contact angle increased and incomplete filling of molten CFRTP in grid occurred,the shear force thus decreased gradually.Resin-carbon fibers mixture was adhered on the fracture surface of TC4,and the variation tendency of adhesion ratio was consistent with that of shear force.TC4 matrix was exfoliated from substrate and adhered at the fracture surface of CFRTP,indicating stronger mechanical interlocking occurred at the joining interface after laser textured TC4 surface.Beside mechanical interlocking,compound layer consisted of CTi_(0.42)V_(1.58)carburization phase was also confirmed at interface,suggesting that chemical bonding also occurred at the joining interface.展开更多
Microbial activity and interaction are the important driving factors in the start-up phase of food waste composting at low temperature.The aim of this study was to explore the effect of inoculating Bacillus lichenifor...Microbial activity and interaction are the important driving factors in the start-up phase of food waste composting at low temperature.The aim of this study was to explore the effect of inoculating Bacillus licheniformis on the degradation of organic components and the potential microbe-driven mechanism from the aspects of organic matter degradation,enzyme activity,microbial community interaction,and microbial metabolic function.The results showed that after inoculating B.licheniformis,temperature increased to 47.8℃ on day2,and the degradation of readily degraded carbohydrates(RDC)increased by 31.2%,and the bioheat production increased by 16.5%.There was an obvious enhancement of extracellular enzymes activities after inoculation,especially amylase activity,which increased by 7.68 times on day 4.The inoculated B.licheniformis colonized in composting as key genus in the start-up phase.Modular network analysis and Mantel test indicated that inoculation drove the cooperation between microbial network modules who were responsible for various organic components(RDC,lipid,protein,and lignocellulose)degradation in the start-up phase.Metabolic function prediction suggested that carbohydrate metabolisms including starch and sucrose metabolism,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,pyruvate metabolism,etc.,were improved by increasing the abundance of related functional genes after inoculation.In conclusion,inoculating B.licheniformis accelerated organic degradation by driving the cooperation between microbial network modules and enhancing microbial metabolism in the start-up phase of composting.展开更多
Modification of reduced graphene oxide in a controllable manner provides a promising material platform for producinggraphene based devices. Its fusion with direct laser writing methods has enabled cost-effective and s...Modification of reduced graphene oxide in a controllable manner provides a promising material platform for producinggraphene based devices. Its fusion with direct laser writing methods has enabled cost-effective and scalable production for advanced applications based on tailored optical and electronic properties in the conductivity, the fluorescence and the refractive index during the reduction process. This mini-review summarizes the state-of-the-art status of the mechanisms of reduction of graphene oxides by direct laser writing techniques as well as appealing optical diffractive applications including planar lenses, information storage and holographic displays. Owing to its versatility and up-scalability, the laser reduction method holds enormous potentials for graphene based diffractive photonic devices with diverse functionalities.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to develop and validate a temporal radiomics model based on pre-and post-treatment CT scans for the preoperative prediction of pathologic complete response(pCR)in patients with resectable no...Objective:This study aimed to develop and validate a temporal radiomics model based on pre-and post-treatment CT scans for the preoperative prediction of pathologic complete response(pCR)in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)undergoing neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy(NCI).Methods:Data from 263 patients with resectable NSCLC who underwent NCI followed by curative surgery and had both pre-and post-treatment CT scans were retrospectively collected.Patients from one hospital were randomly divided into training and internal test sets at a 7:3 ratio,while patients from two other hospitals served as the external test set.Radiomics features were extracted from the CT scans at both timepoints and delta features capturing the temporal changes were calculated.Radiomics models based on different features were developed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator for feature selection,followed by logistic regression.Model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC).Results:The radiomics model based on delta features yielded AUCs of 0.85,0.76,and 0.72 in the training,internal test,and external test sets,respectively,which were superior to the radiomics models based on pre-treatment features(0.74,0.66,and 0.62,respectively)and post-treatment features(0.80,0.76,and 0.65,respectively).By integrating the optimal features from all three feature sources,the combined model achieved further improvements in performance,with AUCs of 0.89,0.85,and 0.78,respectively,across the three sets.Conclusions:A CT-based radiomics model incorporating temporal features from pre-and post-treatment scans shows favorable performance for the non-invasive preoperative estimation of pCR to NCI in patients with NSCLC.展开更多
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles emerged recently as an attractive material platform underpinning a broad range of innovative applications such as optical cryptography,luminescent probes,and lasing.However,...Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles emerged recently as an attractive material platform underpinning a broad range of innovative applications such as optical cryptography,luminescent probes,and lasing.However,the intricate 4f-associated electronic transition in upconversion nanoparticles leads only to a weak photoluminescence intensity and unpolarized emission,hindering many applications that demand ultrabright and polarized light sources.Here,we present an effective strategy for achieving ultrabright and dual-band polarized upconversion photoluminescence.We employ resonant dielectric metasurfaces supporting high-quality resonant modes at dual upconversion bands enabling two-order-of-magnitude amplification of upconversion emissions.We demonstrate that dual-band resonances can be selectively switched on polarization,endowing cross-polarization controlled upconversion luminescence with ultra-high degrees of polarization,reaching approximately 0.86 and 0.91 at dual emission wavelengths of 540 and 660 nm,respectively.Our strategy offers an effective approach for enhancing photon upconversion processes paving the way towards efficient low-threshold polarization upconversion lasers.展开更多
Lithium niobate has received interest in nonlinear frequency conversion due to its wide transparency window,from ultraviolet to mid-infrared spectral regions,and large second-order nonlinear susceptibility.However,its...Lithium niobate has received interest in nonlinear frequency conversion due to its wide transparency window,from ultraviolet to mid-infrared spectral regions,and large second-order nonlinear susceptibility.However,its nanostructure is generally difficult to etch,resulting in low-Q resonance and lossy nanostructures for second harmonic generation.By applying the concept of bound states in the continuum,we performed theoretical and experimental investigations on high-Q resonant etchless thin-film lithium niobate with Si O_(2) nanostructures on top for highly efficient second harmonic generation.In the fabricated nanostructured devices,a resonance with a Q factor of 980 leads to the strong enhancement of second harmonic generation by over 1500 times compared with that in unpatterned lithium niobate thin film.Although the pump slightly deviates from central resonance,an absolute conversion efficiency of 6.87×10^(-7) can be achieved with the fundamental pump peak intensity of 44.65 MW/cm^(2),thus contributing to the normalized conversion efficiency of 1.54×10^(-5)cm^(2)/GW.Our work establishes an etchless lithium niobate device for various applications,such as integrated nonlinear nanophotonics,terahertz frequency generation,and quantum information processing.展开更多
The exact solution of the U(5)-O(6)transitional description in the interacting boson model with twoparticle and two-hole configuration mixing is derived based on the Bethe ansatz approach.The Bethe ansatz equations ar...The exact solution of the U(5)-O(6)transitional description in the interacting boson model with twoparticle and two-hole configuration mixing is derived based on the Bethe ansatz approach.The Bethe ansatz equations are provided to determine the model’s eigenstates and corresponding eigen-energies.N=2 and N=4 cases are considered as examples to demonstrate the solution features.As an example of the application,some low-lying level energies and B(E2)ratios of 108Cd are fitted and compared with the corresponding experimental data.展开更多
The aroma composition is one of the most important indicators when measuring the quality of fruit wines.This paper presents the changes in aroma components in loquat wine during the initial,main and post-fermentation ...The aroma composition is one of the most important indicators when measuring the quality of fruit wines.This paper presents the changes in aroma components in loquat wine during the initial,main and post-fermentation stages.The main free aroma component during loquat wine fermentation was phenethyl alcohol.The relative contents of phenylethanol,aldehydes and esters increased during the main fermentation.The relative content of esters increased significantly during post-fermentation.The main bonded aroma components were 2-methoxyphenol.The secondary bonded aroma components were 2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadecane and 2,6,10-trimethyltetradecane in loquat wine.Amino acids are the precursor substances for the generation of the major flavours.The main consumption were aspartate,lysine,arginine,serine,cysteine and glutamate in the fermentation process.The branched-chain aliphatic alcohols,aldehydes and esters in the aroma composition of loquat wine may be derived from amino acid metabolism.This study helps in the understanding of the change rules and loss mechanism of aroma substances in loquat wine.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51875129)。
文摘Grid pattern was textured on Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy(TC4)substrate surface by nanosecond laser system.Laser joining of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite(CFRTP)to TC4 joints were performed,and the effect of texture grid depth was investigated.The contact angle of molten CFRTP on textured TC4 surface was measured and the tensile-shear force was tested.The fracture surface and interface morphology were observed.The results indicated that the wettability of molten CFRTP on TC4 surface improved remarkably after laser textured TC4.Shear force of CFRTP/TC4 joints was increased by 156%after laser textured TC4 surface.When the depth of grid was deeper than 100μm,contact angle increased and incomplete filling of molten CFRTP in grid occurred,the shear force thus decreased gradually.Resin-carbon fibers mixture was adhered on the fracture surface of TC4,and the variation tendency of adhesion ratio was consistent with that of shear force.TC4 matrix was exfoliated from substrate and adhered at the fracture surface of CFRTP,indicating stronger mechanical interlocking occurred at the joining interface after laser textured TC4 surface.Beside mechanical interlocking,compound layer consisted of CTi_(0.42)V_(1.58)carburization phase was also confirmed at interface,suggesting that chemical bonding also occurred at the joining interface.
基金supported by the Open Research Fund Program of State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control(No.FC2022YB01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32071552)+1 种基金the Independent Research Project of Science and Technology Innovation Base in Tibet Autonomous Region(No.XZ2022JR0007G)China Agricultural University-Dabeinong Group Professional degree graduate joint training reform project(No.CAUDBN PDG-JTRP).
文摘Microbial activity and interaction are the important driving factors in the start-up phase of food waste composting at low temperature.The aim of this study was to explore the effect of inoculating Bacillus licheniformis on the degradation of organic components and the potential microbe-driven mechanism from the aspects of organic matter degradation,enzyme activity,microbial community interaction,and microbial metabolic function.The results showed that after inoculating B.licheniformis,temperature increased to 47.8℃ on day2,and the degradation of readily degraded carbohydrates(RDC)increased by 31.2%,and the bioheat production increased by 16.5%.There was an obvious enhancement of extracellular enzymes activities after inoculation,especially amylase activity,which increased by 7.68 times on day 4.The inoculated B.licheniformis colonized in composting as key genus in the start-up phase.Modular network analysis and Mantel test indicated that inoculation drove the cooperation between microbial network modules who were responsible for various organic components(RDC,lipid,protein,and lignocellulose)degradation in the start-up phase.Metabolic function prediction suggested that carbohydrate metabolisms including starch and sucrose metabolism,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,pyruvate metabolism,etc.,were improved by increasing the abundance of related functional genes after inoculation.In conclusion,inoculating B.licheniformis accelerated organic degradation by driving the cooperation between microbial network modules and enhancing microbial metabolism in the start-up phase of composting.
基金The authors thank National Natural Science Foundation of China （61522504, 61420106014, 61432007, 11604123） and Guangdong Provincial Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project （2016ZT06D081） for funding supports. M Gu acknowledges the supports from the Australian Research Council （ARC） through the Discovery Project （DP140100849） and Laureate Fellowship Scheme （FL100100099）.
文摘Modification of reduced graphene oxide in a controllable manner provides a promising material platform for producinggraphene based devices. Its fusion with direct laser writing methods has enabled cost-effective and scalable production for advanced applications based on tailored optical and electronic properties in the conductivity, the fluorescence and the refractive index during the reduction process. This mini-review summarizes the state-of-the-art status of the mechanisms of reduction of graphene oxides by direct laser writing techniques as well as appealing optical diffractive applications including planar lenses, information storage and holographic displays. Owing to its versatility and up-scalability, the laser reduction method holds enormous potentials for graphene based diffractive photonic devices with diverse functionalities.
基金funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82573102,82173038,82273428,82302180 and 82171932)Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2023ZD0501700,2023ZD0501703,2024ZD0520000 and 2024ZD0520002)+3 种基金Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(Grant No.TJYXZDXK-010A)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline Construction Project(Grant No.TJYXZDXK-3-004B)Scientific Developing Foundation of Tianjin Education Commission(Grant No.2024KJ182)Tianjin Health Research Project(Grant No.TJWJ2024QN012).
文摘Objective:This study aimed to develop and validate a temporal radiomics model based on pre-and post-treatment CT scans for the preoperative prediction of pathologic complete response(pCR)in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)undergoing neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy(NCI).Methods:Data from 263 patients with resectable NSCLC who underwent NCI followed by curative surgery and had both pre-and post-treatment CT scans were retrospectively collected.Patients from one hospital were randomly divided into training and internal test sets at a 7:3 ratio,while patients from two other hospitals served as the external test set.Radiomics features were extracted from the CT scans at both timepoints and delta features capturing the temporal changes were calculated.Radiomics models based on different features were developed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator for feature selection,followed by logistic regression.Model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC).Results:The radiomics model based on delta features yielded AUCs of 0.85,0.76,and 0.72 in the training,internal test,and external test sets,respectively,which were superior to the radiomics models based on pre-treatment features(0.74,0.66,and 0.62,respectively)and post-treatment features(0.80,0.76,and 0.65,respectively).By integrating the optimal features from all three feature sources,the combined model achieved further improvements in performance,with AUCs of 0.89,0.85,and 0.78,respectively,across the three sets.Conclusions:A CT-based radiomics model incorporating temporal features from pre-and post-treatment scans shows favorable performance for the non-invasive preoperative estimation of pCR to NCI in patients with NSCLC.
基金supporting by national Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB2802003,2022YFB3607300)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(No.2022M711241)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(62075084)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022B1515020004).
文摘Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles emerged recently as an attractive material platform underpinning a broad range of innovative applications such as optical cryptography,luminescent probes,and lasing.However,the intricate 4f-associated electronic transition in upconversion nanoparticles leads only to a weak photoluminescence intensity and unpolarized emission,hindering many applications that demand ultrabright and polarized light sources.Here,we present an effective strategy for achieving ultrabright and dual-band polarized upconversion photoluminescence.We employ resonant dielectric metasurfaces supporting high-quality resonant modes at dual upconversion bands enabling two-order-of-magnitude amplification of upconversion emissions.We demonstrate that dual-band resonances can be selectively switched on polarization,endowing cross-polarization controlled upconversion luminescence with ultra-high degrees of polarization,reaching approximately 0.86 and 0.91 at dual emission wavelengths of 540 and 660 nm,respectively.Our strategy offers an effective approach for enhancing photon upconversion processes paving the way towards efficient low-threshold polarization upconversion lasers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61775084, and 62075088)the National Safety Academic Fund (Grant No. U2030103)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Grant Nos. 2020A1515010791, and 2021A0505030036)the Open Fund of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology of Guangdong University of Technology (Grant No. GKPT20-03)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. 21622107, and 21622403)。
文摘Lithium niobate has received interest in nonlinear frequency conversion due to its wide transparency window,from ultraviolet to mid-infrared spectral regions,and large second-order nonlinear susceptibility.However,its nanostructure is generally difficult to etch,resulting in low-Q resonance and lossy nanostructures for second harmonic generation.By applying the concept of bound states in the continuum,we performed theoretical and experimental investigations on high-Q resonant etchless thin-film lithium niobate with Si O_(2) nanostructures on top for highly efficient second harmonic generation.In the fabricated nanostructured devices,a resonance with a Q factor of 980 leads to the strong enhancement of second harmonic generation by over 1500 times compared with that in unpatterned lithium niobate thin film.Although the pump slightly deviates from central resonance,an absolute conversion efficiency of 6.87×10^(-7) can be achieved with the fundamental pump peak intensity of 44.65 MW/cm^(2),thus contributing to the normalized conversion efficiency of 1.54×10^(-5)cm^(2)/GW.Our work establishes an etchless lithium niobate device for various applications,such as integrated nonlinear nanophotonics,terahertz frequency generation,and quantum information processing.
基金Support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11675071,11975009,11575076)the Liaoning Provincial Universities Overseas Training Program(2019-46)+3 种基金the U.S.National Science Foundation(OIA-1738287 and ACI-1713690),U.SDepartment of Energy(DE-SC0005248)the Southeastern Universities Research Associationthe LSU-LNNU joint research program(9961)is acknowledged。
文摘The exact solution of the U(5)-O(6)transitional description in the interacting boson model with twoparticle and two-hole configuration mixing is derived based on the Bethe ansatz approach.The Bethe ansatz equations are provided to determine the model’s eigenstates and corresponding eigen-energies.N=2 and N=4 cases are considered as examples to demonstrate the solution features.As an example of the application,some low-lying level energies and B(E2)ratios of 108Cd are fitted and compared with the corresponding experimental data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302042 and 32172202)Zhejiang Province Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(2024SNJF024)+1 种基金Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation(LQ23C200012 and LQ23C200001)Major Scientific and Technological Project of Zhejiang Province(2023C04027).
文摘The aroma composition is one of the most important indicators when measuring the quality of fruit wines.This paper presents the changes in aroma components in loquat wine during the initial,main and post-fermentation stages.The main free aroma component during loquat wine fermentation was phenethyl alcohol.The relative contents of phenylethanol,aldehydes and esters increased during the main fermentation.The relative content of esters increased significantly during post-fermentation.The main bonded aroma components were 2-methoxyphenol.The secondary bonded aroma components were 2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadecane and 2,6,10-trimethyltetradecane in loquat wine.Amino acids are the precursor substances for the generation of the major flavours.The main consumption were aspartate,lysine,arginine,serine,cysteine and glutamate in the fermentation process.The branched-chain aliphatic alcohols,aldehydes and esters in the aroma composition of loquat wine may be derived from amino acid metabolism.This study helps in the understanding of the change rules and loss mechanism of aroma substances in loquat wine.
