Forecasting tropical cyclone(TC)activities has been a topic of great interest and research.Taiwan Island(TW)is one of the key regions that is highly exposed to TCs originated from the western North Pacific.Here,the au...Forecasting tropical cyclone(TC)activities has been a topic of great interest and research.Taiwan Island(TW)is one of the key regions that is highly exposed to TCs originated from the western North Pacific.Here,the authors utilize two mainstream reanalysis datasets for the period 1979-2013 and propose an effective statistical seasonal forecasting model-namely,the Sun Yat-sen University(SYSU)Model-for predicting the number of TC landfalls on TW based on the environmental factors in the preseason.The comprehensive predictor sampling and multiple linear regression show that the 850-hPa meridional wind over the west of the Antarctic Peninsula in January,the 300-hPa specific humidity over the open ocean southwest of Australia in January,the 300-hPa relative vorticity over the west of the Sea of Okhotsk in March,and the sea surface temperature in the South Indian Ocean in April,are the most significant predictors.The correlation coefficient between the modeled results and observations reaches 0.87.The model is validated by the leave-one-out and nine-fold cross-validation methods,and recent 9-yr observations(2014-2022).The Antarctic Oscillation,variabilities of the western Pacific subtropical high,Asian summer monsoon,and oceanic tunnel are the possible physical linkages or mechanisms behind the model result.The SYSU Model exhibits a 98%hit rate in 1979-2022(43 out of 44),suggesting an operational potential in the seasonal forecasting of TC landfalls on TW.展开更多
Objective： To examine whether lipoxin A4 （LXA4） has an inhibitory effect on tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α-induced DNA synthesis of glomerular mesangial cells of rat, and explore the molecular mechanisms of LXA4 ...Objective： To examine whether lipoxin A4 （LXA4） has an inhibitory effect on tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α-induced DNA synthesis of glomerular mesangial cells of rat, and explore the molecular mechanisms of LXA4 action. Methods： Glomerular mesangial cells of rat were cultured and preincubated with LXA4 at different concentrations, and then treated with TNF-α（ 10 ng/ml）. DNA synthesis was assessed by the incorporation of [^3H]-thymidine in mesangial cells. Expression of cyclin E protein was determined by Western blotting analysis. Activities of signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 （STAT3） were analyzed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay （EMSA）. Results： TNF-α-stimulated DNA synthesis of mesangial cells, upregulafion of cyclin E protein and STAT3 activities were inhibited by LXA4 in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion： TNF-α-induced DNA synthesis of mesangial cells can be inhibited by TXA4 probably through the mechanism of Jak1/STAT3 pathway-dependent signal transduction.展开更多
Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is a key characteristic of the tumor microenvironment,where tumor cells utilize lipids for proliferation,survival,metastasis,and evasion of immune surveillance.Lipid metabolism has be...Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is a key characteristic of the tumor microenvironment,where tumor cells utilize lipids for proliferation,survival,metastasis,and evasion of immune surveillance.Lipid metabolism has become a critical regulator of CD8+T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity,with excess lipids in the tumor microenvironment impeding CD8+T-cell activities.Considering the limited efficacy of immunotherapy in many solid tumors,targeting lipid metabolism to enhance CD8+T-cell effector functions could significantly improve immunotherapy outcomes.In this review,we examine recent findings on how lipid metabolic processes,including lipid uptake,synthesis,and oxidation,regulate CD8+T cells within tumors.We also assessed the impact of different lipids on CD8+T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity,with a particular focus on how lipid metabolism affects mitochondrial function in tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells.Furthermore,as cancer is a systemic disease,we examined systemic factors linking lipid metabolism to CD8+T-cell effector function.Finally,we summarize current therapeutic approaches that target lipid metabolism to increase antitumor immunity and enhance immunotherapy.Understanding the molecular and functional interplay between lipid metabolism and CD8+T cells offers promising therapeutic opportunities for cancer treatment.展开更多
Dear Editor,The activating receptor DNAX accessory molecule-1(DNAM-1)plays an important role in T and natural killer(NK)cell-mediated cytotoxicity via the interaction with its ligands poliovirus receptor(PVR,CD155)and...Dear Editor,The activating receptor DNAX accessory molecule-1(DNAM-1)plays an important role in T and natural killer(NK)cell-mediated cytotoxicity via the interaction with its ligands poliovirus receptor(PVR,CD155)and Nectin-2(CD112).Compared with peripheral blood NK cells,tumor-infiltrating NK cells show reduced expression of DNAM-1 across several solid tumors,including ovarian and breast cancer resulting in impaired NK cell function.Early studies reported an inverse correlation between DNAM-1 expression and its ligands in leukemic blasts and ovarian cancer[1].展开更多
In a recent study published in Nature,Seki et al.reported that cold-induced brown fat activation impedes glycolysis and reduces tumor growth in multiple cancers,1 deepening our understanding of the complex role of fat...In a recent study published in Nature,Seki et al.reported that cold-induced brown fat activation impedes glycolysis and reduces tumor growth in multiple cancers,1 deepening our understanding of the complex role of fat metabolism in cancer.展开更多
基金jointly supported by the Innovation Group Project of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)[grant number 316323005]the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation[grant numbers 2023A1515010741 and 2024B1515020035]the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province[grant number 2023B1212060019]。
文摘Forecasting tropical cyclone(TC)activities has been a topic of great interest and research.Taiwan Island(TW)is one of the key regions that is highly exposed to TCs originated from the western North Pacific.Here,the authors utilize two mainstream reanalysis datasets for the period 1979-2013 and propose an effective statistical seasonal forecasting model-namely,the Sun Yat-sen University(SYSU)Model-for predicting the number of TC landfalls on TW based on the environmental factors in the preseason.The comprehensive predictor sampling and multiple linear regression show that the 850-hPa meridional wind over the west of the Antarctic Peninsula in January,the 300-hPa specific humidity over the open ocean southwest of Australia in January,the 300-hPa relative vorticity over the west of the Sea of Okhotsk in March,and the sea surface temperature in the South Indian Ocean in April,are the most significant predictors.The correlation coefficient between the modeled results and observations reaches 0.87.The model is validated by the leave-one-out and nine-fold cross-validation methods,and recent 9-yr observations(2014-2022).The Antarctic Oscillation,variabilities of the western Pacific subtropical high,Asian summer monsoon,and oceanic tunnel are the possible physical linkages or mechanisms behind the model result.The SYSU Model exhibits a 98%hit rate in 1979-2022(43 out of 44),suggesting an operational potential in the seasonal forecasting of TC landfalls on TW.
文摘Objective： To examine whether lipoxin A4 （LXA4） has an inhibitory effect on tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α-induced DNA synthesis of glomerular mesangial cells of rat, and explore the molecular mechanisms of LXA4 action. Methods： Glomerular mesangial cells of rat were cultured and preincubated with LXA4 at different concentrations, and then treated with TNF-α（ 10 ng/ml）. DNA synthesis was assessed by the incorporation of [^3H]-thymidine in mesangial cells. Expression of cyclin E protein was determined by Western blotting analysis. Activities of signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 （STAT3） were analyzed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay （EMSA）. Results： TNF-α-stimulated DNA synthesis of mesangial cells, upregulafion of cyclin E protein and STAT3 activities were inhibited by LXA4 in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion： TNF-α-induced DNA synthesis of mesangial cells can be inhibited by TXA4 probably through the mechanism of Jak1/STAT3 pathway-dependent signal transduction.
基金supported by fellowships from NJCCR to YT(DCHS20PPC024)and ZC(COCR23PDF017)and grants from the Ludwig Foundation,Brewster Foundation,American Cancer Society,Breast Cancer Research Foundation and Susan G.Komen Foundation to YK.All figures were made in BioRender.
文摘Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is a key characteristic of the tumor microenvironment,where tumor cells utilize lipids for proliferation,survival,metastasis,and evasion of immune surveillance.Lipid metabolism has become a critical regulator of CD8+T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity,with excess lipids in the tumor microenvironment impeding CD8+T-cell activities.Considering the limited efficacy of immunotherapy in many solid tumors,targeting lipid metabolism to enhance CD8+T-cell effector functions could significantly improve immunotherapy outcomes.In this review,we examine recent findings on how lipid metabolic processes,including lipid uptake,synthesis,and oxidation,regulate CD8+T cells within tumors.We also assessed the impact of different lipids on CD8+T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity,with a particular focus on how lipid metabolism affects mitochondrial function in tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells.Furthermore,as cancer is a systemic disease,we examined systemic factors linking lipid metabolism to CD8+T-cell effector function.Finally,we summarize current therapeutic approaches that target lipid metabolism to increase antitumor immunity and enhance immunotherapy.Understanding the molecular and functional interplay between lipid metabolism and CD8+T cells offers promising therapeutic opportunities for cancer treatment.
基金supported by grants from The Swedish Cancer Society(#CAN 2018/451 and#211524 Pj)The Cancer Research Funds of Radiumhemmet(#161192,#181183,and#211253)+1 种基金The Swedish Society for Medical Research(P17-0134)The Swedish Society of Medicine(SLS-960960).
文摘Dear Editor,The activating receptor DNAX accessory molecule-1(DNAM-1)plays an important role in T and natural killer(NK)cell-mediated cytotoxicity via the interaction with its ligands poliovirus receptor(PVR,CD155)and Nectin-2(CD112).Compared with peripheral blood NK cells,tumor-infiltrating NK cells show reduced expression of DNAM-1 across several solid tumors,including ovarian and breast cancer resulting in impaired NK cell function.Early studies reported an inverse correlation between DNAM-1 expression and its ligands in leukemic blasts and ovarian cancer[1].
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of postdoctoral fellowship form NJCCR(no.COCR23PDF017)to Z.C.and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research,the Brewster Foundation,and grants from the Breast Cancer Research Foundation,American Cancer Society,and Susan G.Komen Foundation to Y.K.
文摘In a recent study published in Nature,Seki et al.reported that cold-induced brown fat activation impedes glycolysis and reduces tumor growth in multiple cancers,1 deepening our understanding of the complex role of fat metabolism in cancer.
