As an outstanding representative of layered materials,molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))has excellent physical properties,such as high carrier mobility,stability,and abundance on earth.Moreover,its reasonable band gap and ...As an outstanding representative of layered materials,molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))has excellent physical properties,such as high carrier mobility,stability,and abundance on earth.Moreover,its reasonable band gap and microelectronic compatible fabrication characteristics makes it the most promising candidate in future advanced integrated circuits such as logical electronics,flexible electronics,and focal-plane photodetector.However,to realize the all-aspects application of MoS_(2),the research on obtaining high-quality and large-area films need to be continuously explored to promote its industrialization.Although the MoS_(2)grain size has already improved from several micrometers to sub-millimeters,the high-quality growth of wafer-scale MoS_(2)is still of great challenge.Herein,this review mainly focuses on the evolution of MoS_(2)by including chemical vapor deposition,metal–organic chemical vapor deposition,physical vapor deposition,and thermal conversion technology methods.The state-of-the-art research on the growth and optimization mechanism,including nucleation,orientation,grain,and defect engineering,is systematically summarized.Then,this review summarizes the wafer-scale application of MoS_(2)in a transistor,inverter,electronics,and photodetectors.Finally,the current challenges and future perspectives are outlined for the wafer-scale growth and application of MoS_(2).展开更多
Improving the low-cycle fatigue(LCF)properties of additively manufactured Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy is critical in ensuring its service safety and represents a significant research challenge.This work discusses a so-lution ...Improving the low-cycle fatigue(LCF)properties of additively manufactured Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy is critical in ensuring its service safety and represents a significant research challenge.This work discusses a so-lution that optimizes the alloy's microstructure and ductility by precisely controlling the over-saturated strengthening elements and heat treatment.This was accomplished using selective laser melting(SLM),heat treatment at 800 ℃ for 2 h,and furnace cooling on a Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy with tightly controlled Al,V,and O concentrations in a lower range.The results showed that the SLM-fabricated Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy,post-heat treatment,exhibited α laths with a width of~1.4 μm and β columnar grains with a diameter of~126 μm,without experiencing coarsening or variant selection phenomena.The alloy bal-anced strength and ductility post-heat treatment with a UTS of 1015 MPa and an EL of 16.5%relative to the as-deposited state(UTS of 1199 MPa and EL of 11.9%).Notably,the LCF properties of the heat-treated SLM Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy are superior to those of other Ti-6Al-4V alloys produced by additive manu-facturing and comparable to traditional forgings.At high strain amplitudes(1-1.5%),the fatigue life of this alloy was twice that of the Ti-6Al-4V forgings.Furthermore,we comprehensively analyzed the mi-crostructure,strength,and ductility of the SLM Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy to elucidate the factors influencing its LCF properties.These findings provide a solid foundation for improving the LCF properties of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy,thereby contributing to its safe and reliable use in critical applications.展开更多
In the context of laser repairing damaged forging titanium(Ti)alloys,a common challenge is the sig-nificant reduction in elongation of the repaired samples compared to that of the substrate.In this work,directed energ...In the context of laser repairing damaged forging titanium(Ti)alloys,a common challenge is the sig-nificant reduction in elongation of the repaired samples compared to that of the substrate.In this work,directed energy deposition(DED)technology was employed to repair the TC4(Ti-6Al-4V)forgings by ma-nipulating the Al and V contents of the repaired zone(RZ).Subsequent evaluation encompassed the mi-crostructure,microhardness,and tensile properties across the laser repair deposition samples(LRDs).The results revealed that despite the LRD TC4-0Ti’s strength reaching 97.80%of the substrate,its elongation is only 43.93%of the substrate.Upon appropriately reducing the Al and V contents of RZ,the LRD TC4-5Ti demonstrates a strength of 935.04 MPa and an elongation of 14.59%,achieving 98.70%and 82.38%of the substrate,respectively.As the Al and V contents of RZ are further decreased,the strength of the LRDs gradually diminishes,falling below the forging standards.Utilizing digital image correlation(DIC)technology,the deformation behavior of different zones during the tensile process of these LDRs was in-vestigated.The results indicated a concentration of strain distribution within either RZ or the substrate zone(SZ)of the LRDs during the tensile process,which signifies the mismatch of deformation capacity between these two zones.Consequently,the tensile properties of the LRDs were adversely affected.By judiciously adjusting the Al and V contents of RZ,the abovementioned mismatch phenomenon can be ameliorated,which facilitates a synergistic strain behavior between SZ and RZ during the tensile process,aiding in the homogenization of strain distribution and consequently enhancing the tensile properties of the LRDs.展开更多
Background The ketogenic diet(KD)therapy is a primary treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy,and beta-hydroxybutyrate(BHB)is the main ketone produced during KD.However,the pattern of increase in BHB levels is not well ...Background The ketogenic diet(KD)therapy is a primary treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy,and beta-hydroxybutyrate(BHB)is the main ketone produced during KD.However,the pattern of increase in BHB levels is not well understood,and the reference range for BHB need to be defined.The aim of this study was to evaluate the BHB levels in the first three months,especially one week,after KD initiation,and to explore the physiological reference range for BHB.Methods In our study,a fasting initiation strategy was used for the majority of patients(252/300,84%)who underwent fasting for 24–48 h,the rest fasted for at least 12 h.The concentration of blood BHB was measured four times a day during the first week,at one month and three months.Seizure frequency was recorded at one week,one month and three months.Responders were defined as those with a seizure reduction 50%or more compared to baseline.BHB levels were compared between responders and non-responders.The BHB levels of responders were used to calculate the reference range.Results A total of 300 patients were recruited,of whom 172(57%)had accessible BHB data.BHB levels rapidly rose to 2.0 mmol/L at 19 h,peaked at 4.2 mmol/L at 43 h of therapy,and stabilized by three months.The reference range for BHB was 1.1 to 4.9 mmol/L.Conclusions BHB levels increased rapidly following fasting,reaching the peak at day 2,stabilizing from the end of the first week through three months.The lower reference limit for BHB to ensure KD efficacy should be set at 1.1 mmol/L.展开更多
High myopia(HM)is the primary cause of blindness,with the microstructural organization and composition of collagenous fibers in the cornea and sclera playing a crucial role in the biomechanical behavior of these tissu...High myopia(HM)is the primary cause of blindness,with the microstructural organization and composition of collagenous fibers in the cornea and sclera playing a crucial role in the biomechanical behavior of these tissues.In a previously reported myopic linkage region,MYP5(17q21-22),a potential candidate gene,LRRC46(c.C235T,p.Q79X),was identified in a large Han Chinese pedigree.LRRC46 is expressed in various eye tissues in humans and mice,including the retina,cornea,and sclera.In subsequent cell experiments,the mutation(c.C235T)decreased the expression of LRRC46 protein in human corneal epithelial cells(HCE-T).Further investigation revealed that Lrrc46^(-/-)mice(KO)exhibited a classical myopia phenotype.The thickness of the cornea and sclera in KO mice became thinner and more pronounced with age,the activity of limbal stem cells decreased,and microstructural changes were observed in the fibroblasts of the sclera and cornea.We performed RNA-seq on scleral and corneal tissues of KO and normal control wild-type(WT)mice,which indicated a significant downregulation of the collagen synthesis-related pathway(extracellular matrix,ECM)in KO mice.Subsequent in vitro studies further indicated that LRRC46,a member of the important LRR protein family,primarily affected the formation of collagens.This study suggested that LRRC46 is a novel candidate gene for HM,influencing collagen protein VⅢ(Col8a1)formation in the eye and gradually altering the biomechanical structure of the cornea and sclera,thereby promoting the occurrence and development of HM.展开更多
基金financially the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52002254,52272160)Sichuan Science and Technology Foundation(2020YJ0262,2021YFH0127,2022YFSY0045,2022YFH0083 and 23SYSX0060)+3 种基金the Chunhui plan of Ministry of Education,Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(YJ201893)the Open-Foundation of Key Laboratory of Laser Device Technology,China North Industries Group Corporation Limited(Grant No.KLLDT202104)the foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NWPU(No.SKLSP202210)the 2035-Plan of Sichuan University。
文摘As an outstanding representative of layered materials,molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))has excellent physical properties,such as high carrier mobility,stability,and abundance on earth.Moreover,its reasonable band gap and microelectronic compatible fabrication characteristics makes it the most promising candidate in future advanced integrated circuits such as logical electronics,flexible electronics,and focal-plane photodetector.However,to realize the all-aspects application of MoS_(2),the research on obtaining high-quality and large-area films need to be continuously explored to promote its industrialization.Although the MoS_(2)grain size has already improved from several micrometers to sub-millimeters,the high-quality growth of wafer-scale MoS_(2)is still of great challenge.Herein,this review mainly focuses on the evolution of MoS_(2)by including chemical vapor deposition,metal–organic chemical vapor deposition,physical vapor deposition,and thermal conversion technology methods.The state-of-the-art research on the growth and optimization mechanism,including nucleation,orientation,grain,and defect engineering,is systematically summarized.Then,this review summarizes the wafer-scale application of MoS_(2)in a transistor,inverter,electronics,and photodetectors.Finally,the current challenges and future perspectives are outlined for the wafer-scale growth and application of MoS_(2).
基金Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBGY-359)China CEEC University Joint Education Project(2021108)+2 种基金Science and Technology Plan of Xi'an City(Nos.21ZCZZHXJS-QCY6-0001,21CXLHTJSGG-QCY8-0003)Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Plasma Dynamics of Air Force Engineering University(No.6142202210203)“Qin Chuang Yuan”Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2023KXJ-272).
文摘Improving the low-cycle fatigue(LCF)properties of additively manufactured Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy is critical in ensuring its service safety and represents a significant research challenge.This work discusses a so-lution that optimizes the alloy's microstructure and ductility by precisely controlling the over-saturated strengthening elements and heat treatment.This was accomplished using selective laser melting(SLM),heat treatment at 800 ℃ for 2 h,and furnace cooling on a Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy with tightly controlled Al,V,and O concentrations in a lower range.The results showed that the SLM-fabricated Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy,post-heat treatment,exhibited α laths with a width of~1.4 μm and β columnar grains with a diameter of~126 μm,without experiencing coarsening or variant selection phenomena.The alloy bal-anced strength and ductility post-heat treatment with a UTS of 1015 MPa and an EL of 16.5%relative to the as-deposited state(UTS of 1199 MPa and EL of 11.9%).Notably,the LCF properties of the heat-treated SLM Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy are superior to those of other Ti-6Al-4V alloys produced by additive manu-facturing and comparable to traditional forgings.At high strain amplitudes(1-1.5%),the fatigue life of this alloy was twice that of the Ti-6Al-4V forgings.Furthermore,we comprehensively analyzed the mi-crostructure,strength,and ductility of the SLM Ti-5.6Al-3.8V alloy to elucidate the factors influencing its LCF properties.These findings provide a solid foundation for improving the LCF properties of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy,thereby contributing to its safe and reliable use in critical applications.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBGY-359)the China CEEC University Joint Education Project(No.2021108)+1 种基金the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Plasma Dynamics of Air Force Engineering University(No.6142202210203)the"Qin Chuang Yuan"Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2023KXJ-272).
文摘In the context of laser repairing damaged forging titanium(Ti)alloys,a common challenge is the sig-nificant reduction in elongation of the repaired samples compared to that of the substrate.In this work,directed energy deposition(DED)technology was employed to repair the TC4(Ti-6Al-4V)forgings by ma-nipulating the Al and V contents of the repaired zone(RZ).Subsequent evaluation encompassed the mi-crostructure,microhardness,and tensile properties across the laser repair deposition samples(LRDs).The results revealed that despite the LRD TC4-0Ti’s strength reaching 97.80%of the substrate,its elongation is only 43.93%of the substrate.Upon appropriately reducing the Al and V contents of RZ,the LRD TC4-5Ti demonstrates a strength of 935.04 MPa and an elongation of 14.59%,achieving 98.70%and 82.38%of the substrate,respectively.As the Al and V contents of RZ are further decreased,the strength of the LRDs gradually diminishes,falling below the forging standards.Utilizing digital image correlation(DIC)technology,the deformation behavior of different zones during the tensile process of these LDRs was in-vestigated.The results indicated a concentration of strain distribution within either RZ or the substrate zone(SZ)of the LRDs during the tensile process,which signifies the mismatch of deformation capacity between these two zones.Consequently,the tensile properties of the LRDs were adversely affected.By judiciously adjusting the Al and V contents of RZ,the abovementioned mismatch phenomenon can be ameliorated,which facilitates a synergistic strain behavior between SZ and RZ during the tensile process,aiding in the homogenization of strain distribution and consequently enhancing the tensile properties of the LRDs.
基金supported by the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SZSM201812005,SZSM202311028)the Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund(No.SZXK033)+4 种基金the Shenzhen Fund for Guangdong Provincial Highlevel Clinical Key Specialties(No.SZGSP012)the Shenzhen Fund(No.JCYJ20200109150818777)Basic Applied Basic Research Fund Committee of Guangdong Province(2020A1515110612)Shenzhen KCXFZ20211020163549011Guangdong High level Hospital Construction Fund.
文摘Background The ketogenic diet(KD)therapy is a primary treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy,and beta-hydroxybutyrate(BHB)is the main ketone produced during KD.However,the pattern of increase in BHB levels is not well understood,and the reference range for BHB need to be defined.The aim of this study was to evaluate the BHB levels in the first three months,especially one week,after KD initiation,and to explore the physiological reference range for BHB.Methods In our study,a fasting initiation strategy was used for the majority of patients(252/300,84%)who underwent fasting for 24–48 h,the rest fasted for at least 12 h.The concentration of blood BHB was measured four times a day during the first week,at one month and three months.Seizure frequency was recorded at one week,one month and three months.Responders were defined as those with a seizure reduction 50%or more compared to baseline.BHB levels were compared between responders and non-responders.The BHB levels of responders were used to calculate the reference range.Results A total of 300 patients were recruited,of whom 172(57%)had accessible BHB data.BHB levels rapidly rose to 2.0 mmol/L at 19 h,peaked at 4.2 mmol/L at 43 h of therapy,and stabilized by three months.The reference range for BHB was 1.1 to 4.9 mmol/L.Conclusions BHB levels increased rapidly following fasting,reaching the peak at day 2,stabilizing from the end of the first week through three months.The lower reference limit for BHB to ensure KD efficacy should be set at 1.1 mmol/L.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82330030,82271120,82121003,82201234)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-12 M-5-032,2021LY06)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2021YFS0369,2022ZYD0131,24YSZH0012,23ZYZYTS0271,TB2023093,2023ZY0059)。
文摘High myopia(HM)is the primary cause of blindness,with the microstructural organization and composition of collagenous fibers in the cornea and sclera playing a crucial role in the biomechanical behavior of these tissues.In a previously reported myopic linkage region,MYP5(17q21-22),a potential candidate gene,LRRC46(c.C235T,p.Q79X),was identified in a large Han Chinese pedigree.LRRC46 is expressed in various eye tissues in humans and mice,including the retina,cornea,and sclera.In subsequent cell experiments,the mutation(c.C235T)decreased the expression of LRRC46 protein in human corneal epithelial cells(HCE-T).Further investigation revealed that Lrrc46^(-/-)mice(KO)exhibited a classical myopia phenotype.The thickness of the cornea and sclera in KO mice became thinner and more pronounced with age,the activity of limbal stem cells decreased,and microstructural changes were observed in the fibroblasts of the sclera and cornea.We performed RNA-seq on scleral and corneal tissues of KO and normal control wild-type(WT)mice,which indicated a significant downregulation of the collagen synthesis-related pathway(extracellular matrix,ECM)in KO mice.Subsequent in vitro studies further indicated that LRRC46,a member of the important LRR protein family,primarily affected the formation of collagens.This study suggested that LRRC46 is a novel candidate gene for HM,influencing collagen protein VⅢ(Col8a1)formation in the eye and gradually altering the biomechanical structure of the cornea and sclera,thereby promoting the occurrence and development of HM.
