Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells(CAR-T)therapy has demonstrated significant anti-tumor responses in hematological malignancies and even solid tumors.However,the overactivation of CAR-T cells in vivo can lead to cytok...Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells(CAR-T)therapy has demonstrated significant anti-tumor responses in hematological malignancies and even solid tumors.However,the overactivation of CAR-T cells in vivo can lead to cytokine release syndrome(CRS),with the unpredictable timing and severity of its onset making it difficult to manage effectively.In this study,a strategy was proposed to prevent and treat CAR-T cell-induced CRS in situ by conjugating T cell receptor(TCR)-signaling-responsive siltuximab nanogels(NGs)with CAR-T cells.These siltuximab NGs,formed via NHS-S-S-NHS cross-linking,non-covalently bind to CAR-T cells through anti-CD45,significantly prolonging NGs retention time in vivo while preserving the anti-tumor activity of CAR-T cells.Upon excessive activation of CAR-T cells during tumor therapy,the increased reductive environment on the T cell surface triggers the disassembly of siltuximab NGs,releasing siltuximab monomers to inhibit CRS in situ.In a CAR-T cell-mediated CRS mice model,CAR-T@NGs effectively alleviated CRS-related symptoms,such as high fever,weight loss,vascular leakage,coagulation dysfunction,and neurotoxicity.Furthermore,NGs administered in vivo did not cause organ damage and provided a safe and timely treatment for CRS.展开更多
The exploitation of durable and highly active Pt-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is essential for the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).Herein,we designed Pt...The exploitation of durable and highly active Pt-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is essential for the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).Herein,we designed Pt@Pt_(3)Ti core-shell nanoparticles with atomic-controllable shells through precise thermal diffusing Ti into Pt nanoparticles for effective and durable ORR.Combining theoretical and experiment analysis,we found that the lattice strain of Pt_(3)Ti shells can be tailored by precisely controlling the thick-ness of Pt_(3)Ti shell in atomic-scale on account of the lattice constant difference between Pt and Pt_(3)Ti to optimize adsorption properties of Pt_(3)Ti for ORR intermediates,thus enhancing its performance.The Pt@Pt_(3)Ti catalyst with one-atomic Pt_(3)Ti shell(Pt@1L-Pt_(3)Ti/TiO_(2)-C)demonstrates excellent performance with mass activity of 592 mA mgpt-1 and durability nearly 19.5-fold that of commercial Pt/C with negligible decay(2%)after 30,000 potential cycles(0.6-1.0 V vs.RHE).Notably,at higher potential cycles(1.0 V-1.5 V vs.RHE),Pt@1L-Pt_(3)Ti/TiO_(2)-C also showed far superior durability than Pt/C(9.6%decayed while 54.8% for commercial Pt/C).This excellent stability is derived from the intrinsic stability of Pt_(3)Ti alloy and the confinement effect of TiO_(2)-C.The catalyst's enhancement was further confirmed in PEMFC configuration.展开更多
We investigate electronic structures and excitonic properties of monolayer SiP_(2)within the framework of firstprinciples GW plus Bethe-Salpeter equation(GW-BSE)calculations.Within the G_(0)W_(0)approximation,monolaye...We investigate electronic structures and excitonic properties of monolayer SiP_(2)within the framework of firstprinciples GW plus Bethe-Salpeter equation(GW-BSE)calculations.Within the G_(0)W_(0)approximation,monolayer SiP_(2)is identified as a direct-gap semiconductor with an electronic gap of 3.14 e V,and the excitons exhibit a hybrid-dimensional character similar to that of the bulk counterpart.The optical absorption spectra reveal pronounced excitonic effects with strong anisotropy:the first bright exciton has a binding energy of 840 meV under x-polarized light,compared with 450 meV under y-polarized light.We further analyze the symmetry origins of the polarization-dependent optical selection rules through group theory.This binding energy difference arises from the intrinsic nature of the excitons:flat-band excitons under x-polarized light and conventional excitons localized at a single k point under y-polarized light.Our work enhances the understanding of excitonic behavior in monolayer SiP_(2)and highlights its potential for polarization-sensitive and directionally tunable optoelectronic applications.展开更多
The development of high-performance electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is of great significance for green,sustainable,and renewable energy conversion.Herein,we report the synthesis of amorphous Ru cl...The development of high-performance electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is of great significance for green,sustainable,and renewable energy conversion.Herein,we report the synthesis of amorphous Ru clusters on Co-doped defect-rich hollow carbon nanocage(a-Ru@Co-DHC)as an efficient electrocatalyst for HER in the basic media.Due to the advantages such as high surface area,rich edge defect,atomic Co doping and amorphous Ru clusters,the as-made a-Ru@Co-DHC displays an efficient HER performance with a near-zero onset overpotential,a low Tafel slope(62 mV dec^(−1)),a low overpotential of 40 mV at 10 mA cm^(−2) and high stability,outperforming the commercial Ru nanocrystal/C,commercial Pt/C,and other reported Ru-based catalysts.This work provides a new insight into designing new metal doped carbon nanocages catalysts supported by amorphous nanoclusters for achieving the enhanced electrocatalysis.展开更多
This article briefly outlines the concept, present situation and form of rural ecotourism. It also preliminarily analyses the existing problems of rural ecotourism. Then countermeasures and suggestions related to the ...This article briefly outlines the concept, present situation and form of rural ecotourism. It also preliminarily analyses the existing problems of rural ecotourism. Then countermeasures and suggestions related to the further development of rural ecotourism and promotion of new countryside construction are put forward, which can be summarized as follows: carrying out multichannel financing, in order to strengthen the development dynamics of rural ecotourism; focusing on cultivation of ecological quality consciousness, in order to enhance the protection of resources and the environment; innovating development ideas, in order to create muti-function areas; intensifying the efforts on the training for employee, in order to upgrade comprehensive service level; promoting community participation and intensifying the efforts on the training for farmer, in order to raise farmer's consciousness about development of ecotourism; strengthening the fusion of ecology and culture.展开更多
Establishing agro-ecological compensation mechanism is the objective requirement for protecting agricultural ecological environment on the prerequisite of stabilizing and benefiting farmers,to realize protection in th...Establishing agro-ecological compensation mechanism is the objective requirement for protecting agricultural ecological environment on the prerequisite of stabilizing and benefiting farmers,to realize protection in the process of development and promote development through protection.This study analyzed existing problems in the practice of establishing agro-ecological compensation mechanism in Jiangsu Province,including failure to form systematic compensation system due to limited technological reserve,failure to bring into play expected compensation effect due to scant attention,and failure to set up perfect input mechanism due to insufficient financing channel.In line with these problems,it came up with feasible policy recommendations,including strictly implementing top frame design for agro-ecological compensation and giving impetus to standardized and institutionalized work,building pilot demonstration area for agro-ecological compensation,setting up diversified agro-ecological compensation approaches,establishing long-term security mechanism for agro-ecological compensation,and strengthening propaganda and education of agro-ecological compensation.It is expected to provide reference for establishing agro-ecological compensation mechanism in Jiangsu Province,and also provide system guarantee for promoting ecological progress and agricultural modernization in Jiangsu Province.展开更多
Religious wildlife release is prevalent worldwide,especially in Asia countries.It is one of the anthropogenic pathways to cause biological inva-sions.Religious fish release is common on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,yet...Religious wildlife release is prevalent worldwide,especially in Asia countries.It is one of the anthropogenic pathways to cause biological inva-sions.Religious fish release is common on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,yet few studies have assessed the influences of religious fish release on local species.InYushu,a city on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,we interviewedlocal people,conducted fish trap surveys in local rivers,and exam-ined the diet of Eurasian otters Lutra lutra using a fecal DNA metabarcoding approach.We found that fish release started at least in 1980-1990s in Yushu.Tibetan residents released fish in large amounts and released fish were usually exotic commercial fish purchased from market.Despite such long-term and intensive fish release activities,released fish were few in local rivers.On the other hand,Eurasian otters mainly prey on fish and released fish accounted for~20%of relative read abundance of prey DNA in otters'diet,indicating their high preference on released fish.Our study suggested that religious fish release may provide additional food resources for otters,whereas otters,as a top predator in local rivers,may deplete non-native fish once they were released and,therefore,reduce the probability of colonization of released fish,although further studies are required to assess otters'impact.Our study revealed otters'diet in Yushu,providing basic information for local otter management and conservation.Furthermore,it represents a case showing that native predators prey on religious released animals,implying a probable direction forcontrolling invasive species through nativepredator conservation.展开更多
As a developed province in China,Jiangsu Province is competitive in the livestock and poultry production industry.With the development and growing intensity of livestock and poultry industry,animal pollution has becom...As a developed province in China,Jiangsu Province is competitive in the livestock and poultry production industry.With the development and growing intensity of livestock and poultry industry,animal pollution has become the major source of panel agricultural pollution.This paper studied the characteristics of livestock and poultry industry in Jiangsu Province:large amount of livestock poultry,imbalanced development of livestock and regional differences,large pollution,large amount of pollution emission,uneven distribution of livestock and great pressure on reducing pollution.Besides,the ways to deal with pollution in Jiangsu Province were analyzed:fertilizer accumulation,biogas process technology,animal stools disposal center,ferment bed technology,and comprehensive disposal technology.Governments'policies on pollution reduction were expounded.In the end,several suggestions were put forward,such as strengthening management,innovating treatment,intensifying governments'responsibility,enlarging financial input and creating favorable atmosphere to protect environment.展开更多
This paper firstly introduced overall condition of agricultural and rural economic development in Jiangsu Province,and analyzed restrictive factors and bottleneck in the process of new socialist countryside constructi...This paper firstly introduced overall condition of agricultural and rural economic development in Jiangsu Province,and analyzed restrictive factors and bottleneck in the process of new socialist countryside construction from policy,fund and understanding. There are many problems in the process of new socialist countryside construction,including no supply and management system for rural public service products,no agricultural ecological compensation mechanism,increasingly prominent rural hollowing and decline of passing on economic culture,lack of funds and technologies for new socialist countryside construction,and inadequate understanding of new socialist countryside construction. In line with these problems,it came up with recommendations and countermeasures for beautiful countryside construction in Jiangsu Province in the new period from government guidance,plan leading,industrial support,environmental improvement,innovation management and cultural cultivation.展开更多
Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a heterogeneous inflammatory condition.Although emerging therapeutic strategies targeting pathways such as calcium signaling,TNF-α,the NLRP3 inflammasome,and HMGB1 have shown promise,their ef...Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a heterogeneous inflammatory condition.Although emerging therapeutic strategies targeting pathways such as calcium signaling,TNF-α,the NLRP3 inflammasome,and HMGB1 have shown promise,their efficacy may be limited by the underlying biological heterogeneity of the disease.In this multinational retrospective cohort study across three large ICU databases(ICU-HAI,MIMIC-IV,and eICU-CRD),we used group-based trajectory modeling of early vital signs to identify four distinct AP subphenotypes:hyperinflammatory,hypertensive,hypotensive,and hypoinflammatory.These subtypes differed markedly in 30-day mortality,inflammatory burden,and hemodynamic stability.Compared to the hypertensive phenotype,hyperinflammatory and hypotensive patients had significantly higher 30-day mortality risks(HR=3.38 and HR=1.87,respectively),while the hypoinflammatory phenotype carried no excess risk.Fluid resuscitation responses were phenotype-specific:hyperinflammatory patients benefited from higher fluid volumes,whereas hypoinflammatory patients were at risk of fluid overload.Notably,distinct subphenotypes displayed unique responses to fluid intake over the first two ICU days.For hyperinflammatory phenotype,the algorithm-estimated lowest-risk fluid range was 4100-4300 mL on day 1 and 3400-3600 mL on day 2;for phenotype hypoinflammatory phenotype,the optimal ranges were 2800-3800 mL and 1400-2600 mL,respectively.Early use of lactated Ringer’s solution,which inhibited NLRP3,was associated with reduced mortality in hypotensive phenotype.These findings underscore the clinical relevance of early physiological trajectories and support precision fluid resuscitation based on subtype.This study establishes the largest early-trajectory-based classification of AP to date,offering new insights into immune and vascular mechanisms that drive heterogeneity and therapeutic responsiveness.展开更多
Direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs)face commercialization challenges due to sluggish methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)and catalyst poisoning.Pd-based alloy catalysts show promise in alkaline media,but their high cost,poo...Direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs)face commercialization challenges due to sluggish methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)and catalyst poisoning.Pd-based alloy catalysts show promise in alkaline media,but their high cost,poor stability,and CO intermediate toxicity hinder practical applications.Herein,we present a melamine-assisted confinement strategy to construct ultra-small PdZn ordered intermetallic nanoparticles(O-PdZn@MEL/C)with optimized electronic configurations.The carbon shell derived from pyrolyzed melamine imposes spatial constraints that suppress nanoparticle coalescence while enhancing structural stability.Zn incorporation induces d-orbital hybridization,which downshifts the Pd d-band center to weaken CO^(*)adsorption while strengthening OH^(*)binding at Zn sites.The catalyst demonstrates exceptional mass activity(2505.35 mA·mg_(Pd)^(-1)),3.65 times higher than that of commercial Pd/C,with a lower onset potential(0.47 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)).Stability tests reveal 94.3%activity retention after 500 cyclic voltammetry(CV)cycles and only 52.5%current density decay during 4000 s operation.This work establishes d-band engineering through ordered intermetallic design as an effective pathway to develop CO-tolerant,high-performance anode catalysts for advanced fuel cells.展开更多
Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are a new class of organic-inorganic hybrid materials that have been widely studied in the past two decades for their potential in catalysis.(1)In this review,we comprehensively summarize...Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are a new class of organic-inorganic hybrid materials that have been widely studied in the past two decades for their potential in catalysis.(1)In this review,we comprehensively summarize the synthesis,application,and potential advancements of MOFs in enzyme immobilization and mimetic enzymes.(2)We also discuss the design principles behind various MOF-based biocatalysts,such as enzyme@MOF composites,and explore their utility in various reactions.(3)Additionally,we highlight the advantages of MOF materials as enzyme mimetics and provide a perspective on potential solutions to current challenges in MOF catalysis.(4)Ultimately,this review provides a general overview of the most recent advances in MOF-based catalyst platforms,including enzyme@MOF biocatalysts and MOF-based nanozymes,in various applications.展开更多
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2)mutations are commonly found in a subgroup of the Asian population.However,the role of ALDH2 in septic acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)remains unknown.Here,we showed that hu...Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2)mutations are commonly found in a subgroup of the Asian population.However,the role of ALDH2 in septic acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)remains unknown.Here,we showed that human subjects carrying the ALDH2rs671 mutation were highly susceptible to developing septic ARDS.Intriguingly,ALDH2rs671-ARDS patients showed higher levels of blood cell-free DNA(cfDNA)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)-DNA than ALDH2WT-ARDS patients.To investigate the mechanisms underlying ALDH2 deficiency in the development of septic ARDS,we utilized Aldh2 gene knockout mice and Aldh2rs671 gene knock-in mice.In clinically relevant mouse sepsis models,Aldh2-/-mice and Aldh2rs671 mice exhibited pulmonary and circulating NETosis,a specific process that releases neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)from neutrophils.Furthermore,we discovered that NETosis strongly promoted endothelial destruction,accelerated vascular leakage,and exacerbated septic ARDS.At the molecular level,ALDH2 increased K48-linked polyubiquitination and degradation of peptidylarginine deiminase 4(PAD4)to inhibit NETosis,which was achieved by promoting PAD4 binding to the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP.Pharmacological administration of the ALDH2-specific activator Alda-1 substantially alleviated septic ARDS by inhibiting NETosis.Together,our data reveal a novel ALDH2-based protective mechanism against septic ARDS,and the activation of ALDH2 may be an effective treatment strategy for sepsis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A2089,and 22403070)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20230268)+4 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M742690)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2025AFA009)Beijing Key Laboratory of High-Entropy Energy materials and Devices(Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems,Nos.GS2025ZD007 and GS2025MS019)Opening fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry&Materia Medica(No.BCMM202402)the Large-scale Instrument and Equipment Sharing Foundation of Wuhan University.
文摘Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells(CAR-T)therapy has demonstrated significant anti-tumor responses in hematological malignancies and even solid tumors.However,the overactivation of CAR-T cells in vivo can lead to cytokine release syndrome(CRS),with the unpredictable timing and severity of its onset making it difficult to manage effectively.In this study,a strategy was proposed to prevent and treat CAR-T cell-induced CRS in situ by conjugating T cell receptor(TCR)-signaling-responsive siltuximab nanogels(NGs)with CAR-T cells.These siltuximab NGs,formed via NHS-S-S-NHS cross-linking,non-covalently bind to CAR-T cells through anti-CD45,significantly prolonging NGs retention time in vivo while preserving the anti-tumor activity of CAR-T cells.Upon excessive activation of CAR-T cells during tumor therapy,the increased reductive environment on the T cell surface triggers the disassembly of siltuximab NGs,releasing siltuximab monomers to inhibit CRS in situ.In a CAR-T cell-mediated CRS mice model,CAR-T@NGs effectively alleviated CRS-related symptoms,such as high fever,weight loss,vascular leakage,coagulation dysfunction,and neurotoxicity.Furthermore,NGs administered in vivo did not cause organ damage and provided a safe and timely treatment for CRS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21875039)the Project on the Integration of Industry-Education-Research of Fujian Province(No.2021H6020)the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing(Wuhan University of Technology).
文摘The exploitation of durable and highly active Pt-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is essential for the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).Herein,we designed Pt@Pt_(3)Ti core-shell nanoparticles with atomic-controllable shells through precise thermal diffusing Ti into Pt nanoparticles for effective and durable ORR.Combining theoretical and experiment analysis,we found that the lattice strain of Pt_(3)Ti shells can be tailored by precisely controlling the thick-ness of Pt_(3)Ti shell in atomic-scale on account of the lattice constant difference between Pt and Pt_(3)Ti to optimize adsorption properties of Pt_(3)Ti for ORR intermediates,thus enhancing its performance.The Pt@Pt_(3)Ti catalyst with one-atomic Pt_(3)Ti shell(Pt@1L-Pt_(3)Ti/TiO_(2)-C)demonstrates excellent performance with mass activity of 592 mA mgpt-1 and durability nearly 19.5-fold that of commercial Pt/C with negligible decay(2%)after 30,000 potential cycles(0.6-1.0 V vs.RHE).Notably,at higher potential cycles(1.0 V-1.5 V vs.RHE),Pt@1L-Pt_(3)Ti/TiO_(2)-C also showed far superior durability than Pt/C(9.6%decayed while 54.8% for commercial Pt/C).This excellent stability is derived from the intrinsic stability of Pt_(3)Ti alloy and the confinement effect of TiO_(2)-C.The catalyst's enhancement was further confirmed in PEMFC configuration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12234011 and 12374053)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFA1409100)。
文摘We investigate electronic structures and excitonic properties of monolayer SiP_(2)within the framework of firstprinciples GW plus Bethe-Salpeter equation(GW-BSE)calculations.Within the G_(0)W_(0)approximation,monolayer SiP_(2)is identified as a direct-gap semiconductor with an electronic gap of 3.14 e V,and the excitons exhibit a hybrid-dimensional character similar to that of the bulk counterpart.The optical absorption spectra reveal pronounced excitonic effects with strong anisotropy:the first bright exciton has a binding energy of 840 meV under x-polarized light,compared with 450 meV under y-polarized light.We further analyze the symmetry origins of the polarization-dependent optical selection rules through group theory.This binding energy difference arises from the intrinsic nature of the excitons:flat-band excitons under x-polarized light and conventional excitons localized at a single k point under y-polarized light.Our work enhances the understanding of excitonic behavior in monolayer SiP_(2)and highlights its potential for polarization-sensitive and directionally tunable optoelectronic applications.
文摘The development of high-performance electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is of great significance for green,sustainable,and renewable energy conversion.Herein,we report the synthesis of amorphous Ru clusters on Co-doped defect-rich hollow carbon nanocage(a-Ru@Co-DHC)as an efficient electrocatalyst for HER in the basic media.Due to the advantages such as high surface area,rich edge defect,atomic Co doping and amorphous Ru clusters,the as-made a-Ru@Co-DHC displays an efficient HER performance with a near-zero onset overpotential,a low Tafel slope(62 mV dec^(−1)),a low overpotential of 40 mV at 10 mA cm^(−2) and high stability,outperforming the commercial Ru nanocrystal/C,commercial Pt/C,and other reported Ru-based catalysts.This work provides a new insight into designing new metal doped carbon nanocages catalysts supported by amorphous nanoclusters for achieving the enhanced electrocatalysis.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Program(2012BAD14B12)
文摘This article briefly outlines the concept, present situation and form of rural ecotourism. It also preliminarily analyses the existing problems of rural ecotourism. Then countermeasures and suggestions related to the further development of rural ecotourism and promotion of new countryside construction are put forward, which can be summarized as follows: carrying out multichannel financing, in order to strengthen the development dynamics of rural ecotourism; focusing on cultivation of ecological quality consciousness, in order to enhance the protection of resources and the environment; innovating development ideas, in order to create muti-function areas; intensifying the efforts on the training for employee, in order to upgrade comprehensive service level; promoting community participation and intensifying the efforts on the training for farmer, in order to raise farmer's consciousness about development of ecotourism; strengthening the fusion of ecology and culture.
基金Supported by Agricultural Sci-tech Autonomous Innovation Fund Project of Jiangsu Province(CX(13)4054)
文摘Establishing agro-ecological compensation mechanism is the objective requirement for protecting agricultural ecological environment on the prerequisite of stabilizing and benefiting farmers,to realize protection in the process of development and promote development through protection.This study analyzed existing problems in the practice of establishing agro-ecological compensation mechanism in Jiangsu Province,including failure to form systematic compensation system due to limited technological reserve,failure to bring into play expected compensation effect due to scant attention,and failure to set up perfect input mechanism due to insufficient financing channel.In line with these problems,it came up with feasible policy recommendations,including strictly implementing top frame design for agro-ecological compensation and giving impetus to standardized and institutionalized work,building pilot demonstration area for agro-ecological compensation,setting up diversified agro-ecological compensation approaches,establishing long-term security mechanism for agro-ecological compensation,and strengthening propaganda and education of agro-ecological compensation.It is expected to provide reference for establishing agro-ecological compensation mechanism in Jiangsu Province,and also provide system guarantee for promoting ecological progress and agricultural modernization in Jiangsu Province.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900372)One Yangtze River Project of the Huatai Securities,and the State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol(Sun Yat-sen University).
文摘Religious wildlife release is prevalent worldwide,especially in Asia countries.It is one of the anthropogenic pathways to cause biological inva-sions.Religious fish release is common on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,yet few studies have assessed the influences of religious fish release on local species.InYushu,a city on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,we interviewedlocal people,conducted fish trap surveys in local rivers,and exam-ined the diet of Eurasian otters Lutra lutra using a fecal DNA metabarcoding approach.We found that fish release started at least in 1980-1990s in Yushu.Tibetan residents released fish in large amounts and released fish were usually exotic commercial fish purchased from market.Despite such long-term and intensive fish release activities,released fish were few in local rivers.On the other hand,Eurasian otters mainly prey on fish and released fish accounted for~20%of relative read abundance of prey DNA in otters'diet,indicating their high preference on released fish.Our study suggested that religious fish release may provide additional food resources for otters,whereas otters,as a top predator in local rivers,may deplete non-native fish once they were released and,therefore,reduce the probability of colonization of released fish,although further studies are required to assess otters'impact.Our study revealed otters'diet in Yushu,providing basic information for local otter management and conservation.Furthermore,it represents a case showing that native predators prey on religious released animals,implying a probable direction forcontrolling invasive species through nativepredator conservation.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(CX(12)3071)National Scientific and Technological Support Program(2012BAD14B12)
文摘As a developed province in China,Jiangsu Province is competitive in the livestock and poultry production industry.With the development and growing intensity of livestock and poultry industry,animal pollution has become the major source of panel agricultural pollution.This paper studied the characteristics of livestock and poultry industry in Jiangsu Province:large amount of livestock poultry,imbalanced development of livestock and regional differences,large pollution,large amount of pollution emission,uneven distribution of livestock and great pressure on reducing pollution.Besides,the ways to deal with pollution in Jiangsu Province were analyzed:fertilizer accumulation,biogas process technology,animal stools disposal center,ferment bed technology,and comprehensive disposal technology.Governments'policies on pollution reduction were expounded.In the end,several suggestions were put forward,such as strengthening management,innovating treatment,intensifying governments'responsibility,enlarging financial input and creating favorable atmosphere to protect environment.
基金Supported by the Agricultural Sci-tech Independent Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province(CX(12)3071)National Key Technology Research and Development Program(2012BAD14B12)
文摘This paper firstly introduced overall condition of agricultural and rural economic development in Jiangsu Province,and analyzed restrictive factors and bottleneck in the process of new socialist countryside construction from policy,fund and understanding. There are many problems in the process of new socialist countryside construction,including no supply and management system for rural public service products,no agricultural ecological compensation mechanism,increasingly prominent rural hollowing and decline of passing on economic culture,lack of funds and technologies for new socialist countryside construction,and inadequate understanding of new socialist countryside construction. In line with these problems,it came up with recommendations and countermeasures for beautiful countryside construction in Jiangsu Province in the new period from government guidance,plan leading,industrial support,environmental improvement,innovation management and cultural cultivation.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82225049,72104155,and 72304198)the 1·3·5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(Grant No.ZYGD23004).
文摘Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a heterogeneous inflammatory condition.Although emerging therapeutic strategies targeting pathways such as calcium signaling,TNF-α,the NLRP3 inflammasome,and HMGB1 have shown promise,their efficacy may be limited by the underlying biological heterogeneity of the disease.In this multinational retrospective cohort study across three large ICU databases(ICU-HAI,MIMIC-IV,and eICU-CRD),we used group-based trajectory modeling of early vital signs to identify four distinct AP subphenotypes:hyperinflammatory,hypertensive,hypotensive,and hypoinflammatory.These subtypes differed markedly in 30-day mortality,inflammatory burden,and hemodynamic stability.Compared to the hypertensive phenotype,hyperinflammatory and hypotensive patients had significantly higher 30-day mortality risks(HR=3.38 and HR=1.87,respectively),while the hypoinflammatory phenotype carried no excess risk.Fluid resuscitation responses were phenotype-specific:hyperinflammatory patients benefited from higher fluid volumes,whereas hypoinflammatory patients were at risk of fluid overload.Notably,distinct subphenotypes displayed unique responses to fluid intake over the first two ICU days.For hyperinflammatory phenotype,the algorithm-estimated lowest-risk fluid range was 4100-4300 mL on day 1 and 3400-3600 mL on day 2;for phenotype hypoinflammatory phenotype,the optimal ranges were 2800-3800 mL and 1400-2600 mL,respectively.Early use of lactated Ringer’s solution,which inhibited NLRP3,was associated with reduced mortality in hypotensive phenotype.These findings underscore the clinical relevance of early physiological trajectories and support precision fluid resuscitation based on subtype.This study establishes the largest early-trajectory-based classification of AP to date,offering new insights into immune and vascular mechanisms that drive heterogeneity and therapeutic responsiveness.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21875039 and 22478205).
文摘Direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs)face commercialization challenges due to sluggish methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)and catalyst poisoning.Pd-based alloy catalysts show promise in alkaline media,but their high cost,poor stability,and CO intermediate toxicity hinder practical applications.Herein,we present a melamine-assisted confinement strategy to construct ultra-small PdZn ordered intermetallic nanoparticles(O-PdZn@MEL/C)with optimized electronic configurations.The carbon shell derived from pyrolyzed melamine imposes spatial constraints that suppress nanoparticle coalescence while enhancing structural stability.Zn incorporation induces d-orbital hybridization,which downshifts the Pd d-band center to weaken CO^(*)adsorption while strengthening OH^(*)binding at Zn sites.The catalyst demonstrates exceptional mass activity(2505.35 mA·mg_(Pd)^(-1)),3.65 times higher than that of commercial Pd/C,with a lower onset potential(0.47 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)).Stability tests reveal 94.3%activity retention after 500 cyclic voltammetry(CV)cycles and only 52.5%current density decay during 4000 s operation.This work establishes d-band engineering through ordered intermetallic design as an effective pathway to develop CO-tolerant,high-performance anode catalysts for advanced fuel cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22108206)Project of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation,China(No.21JCYBJC01390)+3 种基金Open Funding Project of the State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering(No.SKLBEE2022004)Tianjin Applied Basic Research Project Enterprise Science and Technology Special Agent Project(No.23YDTPJC01000)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Project(No.2023T160483,No.2022M722387)First-Rate Universities and Disciplines Funds of Nanjing Forestry University(Shuishan Talent Research Project,No.163030369).
文摘Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are a new class of organic-inorganic hybrid materials that have been widely studied in the past two decades for their potential in catalysis.(1)In this review,we comprehensively summarize the synthesis,application,and potential advancements of MOFs in enzyme immobilization and mimetic enzymes.(2)We also discuss the design principles behind various MOF-based biocatalysts,such as enzyme@MOF composites,and explore their utility in various reactions.(3)Additionally,we highlight the advantages of MOF materials as enzyme mimetics and provide a perspective on potential solutions to current challenges in MOF catalysis.(4)Ultimately,this review provides a general overview of the most recent advances in MOF-based catalyst platforms,including enzyme@MOF biocatalysts and MOF-based nanozymes,in various applications.
基金supported by the State Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82030059)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(82325031)+7 种基金the National Natural Science Regional Innovation Fund Joint Fund Key Support Projects(U23A20485)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072144,82172127)the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFC1512700,2020YFC1512705,2020YFC1512703)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(2021ZLGX02,2021SFGC0503,2022ZLGX03)the Taishan Pandeng Scholar Program of Shandong Province(tspd20181220)the Taishan Young Scholar Program of Shandong Province(tsqn202211312)the Clinical Research Project of Shandong University(2021SDUCRCC006)the Interdisciplinary Young Researcher Groups Program of Shandong University(2020QNQT004).
文摘Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2)mutations are commonly found in a subgroup of the Asian population.However,the role of ALDH2 in septic acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)remains unknown.Here,we showed that human subjects carrying the ALDH2rs671 mutation were highly susceptible to developing septic ARDS.Intriguingly,ALDH2rs671-ARDS patients showed higher levels of blood cell-free DNA(cfDNA)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)-DNA than ALDH2WT-ARDS patients.To investigate the mechanisms underlying ALDH2 deficiency in the development of septic ARDS,we utilized Aldh2 gene knockout mice and Aldh2rs671 gene knock-in mice.In clinically relevant mouse sepsis models,Aldh2-/-mice and Aldh2rs671 mice exhibited pulmonary and circulating NETosis,a specific process that releases neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)from neutrophils.Furthermore,we discovered that NETosis strongly promoted endothelial destruction,accelerated vascular leakage,and exacerbated septic ARDS.At the molecular level,ALDH2 increased K48-linked polyubiquitination and degradation of peptidylarginine deiminase 4(PAD4)to inhibit NETosis,which was achieved by promoting PAD4 binding to the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP.Pharmacological administration of the ALDH2-specific activator Alda-1 substantially alleviated septic ARDS by inhibiting NETosis.Together,our data reveal a novel ALDH2-based protective mechanism against septic ARDS,and the activation of ALDH2 may be an effective treatment strategy for sepsis.
