Ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) and Ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H_(2)O_(2)) have attracted much attention in recent years as advanced oxidation processes for water treatment.However,it is not all clear how these ...Ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) and Ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H_(2)O_(2)) have attracted much attention in recent years as advanced oxidation processes for water treatment.However,it is not all clear how these two methods affect the formation of cyanogen chloride(CNCl) in the subsequent water chlorination process.In this study,it was found that both UV/H_(2)O_(2)and UV/PS pre-oxidation promoted the formation of CNCl in six actual water samples collected from urban rivers.Glycine,uric acid,arginine and histidine were investigated as the model compounds to explore the effects of different methods on the production of CNCl.The results showed that compared with chlorination alone,pre-oxidation by UV/H_(2)O_(2)and UV/PS can reduce the production of CNCl for glycine and uric acid by up to 95%during post-chlorination process.However,they can greatly promote the formation of CNCl for arginine and histidine by up to 120-fold.In a more detailed investigation,pre-oxidation of histidine formed highly reactive intermediates to chlorine,leading to increased CNCl formation and chlorine consumption.The results showed that the precursors of CNCl was altered after pre-oxidation,and need to be re-evaluated.展开更多
Lithium smelting slag,the solid waste generated from the extraction of lithium from ores,contains the hazardous element thallium,which can be mobilized into adjacent aquatic systems through rainwater leaching.Assessin...Lithium smelting slag,the solid waste generated from the extraction of lithium from ores,contains the hazardous element thallium,which can be mobilized into adjacent aquatic systems through rainwater leaching.Assessing the aquatic ecological risk of monovalent thallium(Tl^(+))is essential for informing the safe disposal of this residue.Potassium ions(K^(+)),which are ubiquitously present in natural freshwaters,are known to antagonize the toxicity of Tl^(+).Nevertheless,prevailing aquatic ecological risk assessments for Tl^(+)often neglect the influence of ambient K^(+)concentrations.This study evaluates the effects of varying aqueous K^(+)levels on the aquatic ecological risk of Tl^(+),by analyzing toxicity data from 17 freshwater species utilizing the species sensitivity distribution(SSD)approach.The findings were further corroborated by the zebrafish embryo-larval acute toxicity test.When waterborne K^(+)concentrations were 0.25,0.5,1,2,4,6,8,and 10 mg/L,the derived acute ecological risk thresholds for aquatic organisms(AERT)for Tl^(+)were 1.9,5.1,13.9,37.8,102.9,184.8,279.8,and 386.2μg/L,respectively,while the chronic ecological risk thresholds for aquatic organisms(CERT)were 0.1,0.3,0.7,1.9,5.2,9.2,13.9,and 19.0μg/L,respectively.These results provide a scientific basis for refining the safety standards that govern thallium-containing solid wastes from the burgeoning new energy sector.展开更多
The nonmonotonic dose-response curve(NMDRC)is a prevalent characteristic of endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs)in activating nuclear receptors(NRs),implicating intricate regulatory mechanisms.In this study,the agonis...The nonmonotonic dose-response curve(NMDRC)is a prevalent characteristic of endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs)in activating nuclear receptors(NRs),implicating intricate regulatory mechanisms.In this study,the agonistic and antagonistic activities of 11 bisphenols on the estrogen receptor(ER)were screened using MVLN cells.Three distinct dose-response patterns were observed,namely,S-shaped,inverted S-shaped,and bell-shaped profiles,corresponding to the agonistic,antagonistic,and nonmonotonic effects on ERs,respectively.To further explore NMDRC,bisphenol B(BPB)and bisphenol AF(BPAF),as representative compounds,were specifically investigated for their antagonistic effects on ER under high exposure concentrations(10-50μmol/L).Notably,the successive decline in cell viability suggested a subhealthy cell state upon high-dose chemical treatments,compromising cell response in ER transactivation.Unlike the specific effect induced by an ERαantagonist(4-hydroxytamoxifen,4OHT),the nonspecific inhibitory effects of BPB and BPAF on ER transactivation were further confirmed with their identical antagonistic curves,with or without E2 cotreatment,due to hydrophobicity-related cellular baseline toxicity.Accordingly,the inhibitory effects on NR transactivation might not necessarily be considered as a specific antagonistic activity.Thus,a more cautious inspection is highly encouraged in screening NR antagonism-centered endocrine-disrupting effects of emerging chemicals by carefully reviewing the specificity of signal reduction or inhibition.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22076217)the Henan Academy of Sciences 2021 Science and Technology Open Cooperation Project (No.210901007)。
文摘Ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) and Ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H_(2)O_(2)) have attracted much attention in recent years as advanced oxidation processes for water treatment.However,it is not all clear how these two methods affect the formation of cyanogen chloride(CNCl) in the subsequent water chlorination process.In this study,it was found that both UV/H_(2)O_(2)and UV/PS pre-oxidation promoted the formation of CNCl in six actual water samples collected from urban rivers.Glycine,uric acid,arginine and histidine were investigated as the model compounds to explore the effects of different methods on the production of CNCl.The results showed that compared with chlorination alone,pre-oxidation by UV/H_(2)O_(2)and UV/PS can reduce the production of CNCl for glycine and uric acid by up to 95%during post-chlorination process.However,they can greatly promote the formation of CNCl for arginine and histidine by up to 120-fold.In a more detailed investigation,pre-oxidation of histidine formed highly reactive intermediates to chlorine,leading to increased CNCl formation and chlorine consumption.The results showed that the precursors of CNCl was altered after pre-oxidation,and need to be re-evaluated.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDC0230601)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFA0918801)+1 种基金the Research Funds of Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study(Grant No.2024HIAS-V001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22193053)。
文摘Lithium smelting slag,the solid waste generated from the extraction of lithium from ores,contains the hazardous element thallium,which can be mobilized into adjacent aquatic systems through rainwater leaching.Assessing the aquatic ecological risk of monovalent thallium(Tl^(+))is essential for informing the safe disposal of this residue.Potassium ions(K^(+)),which are ubiquitously present in natural freshwaters,are known to antagonize the toxicity of Tl^(+).Nevertheless,prevailing aquatic ecological risk assessments for Tl^(+)often neglect the influence of ambient K^(+)concentrations.This study evaluates the effects of varying aqueous K^(+)levels on the aquatic ecological risk of Tl^(+),by analyzing toxicity data from 17 freshwater species utilizing the species sensitivity distribution(SSD)approach.The findings were further corroborated by the zebrafish embryo-larval acute toxicity test.When waterborne K^(+)concentrations were 0.25,0.5,1,2,4,6,8,and 10 mg/L,the derived acute ecological risk thresholds for aquatic organisms(AERT)for Tl^(+)were 1.9,5.1,13.9,37.8,102.9,184.8,279.8,and 386.2μg/L,respectively,while the chronic ecological risk thresholds for aquatic organisms(CERT)were 0.1,0.3,0.7,1.9,5.2,9.2,13.9,and 19.0μg/L,respectively.These results provide a scientific basis for refining the safety standards that govern thallium-containing solid wastes from the burgeoning new energy sector.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFA0918800)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0750300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22193051,22276212).
文摘The nonmonotonic dose-response curve(NMDRC)is a prevalent characteristic of endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs)in activating nuclear receptors(NRs),implicating intricate regulatory mechanisms.In this study,the agonistic and antagonistic activities of 11 bisphenols on the estrogen receptor(ER)were screened using MVLN cells.Three distinct dose-response patterns were observed,namely,S-shaped,inverted S-shaped,and bell-shaped profiles,corresponding to the agonistic,antagonistic,and nonmonotonic effects on ERs,respectively.To further explore NMDRC,bisphenol B(BPB)and bisphenol AF(BPAF),as representative compounds,were specifically investigated for their antagonistic effects on ER under high exposure concentrations(10-50μmol/L).Notably,the successive decline in cell viability suggested a subhealthy cell state upon high-dose chemical treatments,compromising cell response in ER transactivation.Unlike the specific effect induced by an ERαantagonist(4-hydroxytamoxifen,4OHT),the nonspecific inhibitory effects of BPB and BPAF on ER transactivation were further confirmed with their identical antagonistic curves,with or without E2 cotreatment,due to hydrophobicity-related cellular baseline toxicity.Accordingly,the inhibitory effects on NR transactivation might not necessarily be considered as a specific antagonistic activity.Thus,a more cautious inspection is highly encouraged in screening NR antagonism-centered endocrine-disrupting effects of emerging chemicals by carefully reviewing the specificity of signal reduction or inhibition.
