BACKGROUND Liver cancer is a malignant tumor with a high incidence.At present,the most effective treatment is laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH).Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging(ICG-FI)has become an important tool in ...BACKGROUND Liver cancer is a malignant tumor with a high incidence.At present,the most effective treatment is laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH).Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging(ICG-FI)has become an important tool in LH,and the most common fluorescent types of tumors are total fluorescence,partial fluorescence,and rim fluorescence.CASE SUMMARY We presented four cases of LH guided by ICG-FI in which we also observed the fourth special fluorescent type.When the tumor or intrahepatic stone compresses the adjacent bile duct to cause local cholestasis,the liver segment or subsegment with obstructed bile drainage will show strong fluorescence.Complete removal of the lesion together with the fluorescent liver parenchyma may help reduce the risk of tumor or stone recurrence.CONCLUSION This type of partial fluorescence can indicate local biliary compression,and the resection method is related to bile drainage,which may be called functional anatomical hepatectomy and ensures radical resection of the lesion.展开更多
Purpose A new mobile grazing-incidence X-ray absorption fine spectroscopy(GIXAFS)endstation was developed at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility(BSRF)to improve the function of general XAFS beamlines and extend the...Purpose A new mobile grazing-incidence X-ray absorption fine spectroscopy(GIXAFS)endstation was developed at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility(BSRF)to improve the function of general XAFS beamlines and extend their capabilities to a wider user community.Methods We developed a facile GIXAFS endstation through modifying the regular XAFS in grazing-incidence geometry.Additionally,a soller slit,filter,photographic film and tiny lead sheets were assembled to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of XAFS data.Furtherly,combined with time-resolved quick scanning XAFS(QXAFS)techniques,the systems can perform in situ XAFS measurement to study materials under operando condition.Results The GIXAFS had been used to collect the Ga K-edge XAFS of InGaN thin film on sapphire substrate,which demonstrated that signal-to-noise ratio of XAFS data had been greatly improved through suppressing the effect of substrate diffractions.Moreover,the feasibility of GIXAFS-QXAFS combination was illustrated with in situ exploring the degradation of organic-inorganic perovskites under X-ray radiation.Conclusion A new mobile and facile GIXAFS endstation has been developed for thin films study.Based on the photographic film and lead sheets,the contamination of the XAFS from the matrix is minimized.Further combined with QXAFS techniques,the systems are used to reveal the X-ray-induced organic-inorganic perovskite thin films photodegrading process,which proved their successful application in the time-resolved measurements,extending the capabilities of general beamlines available to a wider user community.展开更多
Identification of disease-specific cell subtypes(DSCSs)has profound implications for understanding disease mechanisms,preoperative diagnosis,and precision therapy.However,achieving unified annotation of DSCSs in heter...Identification of disease-specific cell subtypes(DSCSs)has profound implications for understanding disease mechanisms,preoperative diagnosis,and precision therapy.However,achieving unified annotation of DSCSs in heterogeneous single-cell datasets remains a challenge.In this study,we developed the gPRINT algorithm(generalized approach for cell subtype identification with single cell's voicePRINT).Inspired by the principles of speech recognition in noisy environments,gPRINT transforms gene position and gene expression information into voiceprints based on ordered and clustered gene expression phenomena,obtaining unique“gene print”patterns for each cell.Then,we integrated neural networks to mitigate the impact of background noise on cell identity label mapping.We demonstrated the reproducibility of gPRINT across different donors,single-cell sequencing platforms,and disease subtypes,and its utility for automatic cell subtype annotation across datasets.Moreover,gPRINT achieved higher annotation accuracy of 98.37%when externally validated based on the same tissue,surpassing other algorithms.Furthermore,this approach has been applied to fibrosis-associated diseases in multiple tissues throughout the body,as well as to the annotation of fibroblast subtypes in a single tissue,tendon,where fibrosis is prevalent.We successfully achieved automatic prediction of tendinopathy-specific cell subtypes,key targets,and related drugs.In summary,gPRINT provides an automated and unified approach for identifying DSCSs across datasets,facilitating the elucidation of specific cell subtypes under different disease states and providing a powerful tool for exploring therapeutic targets in diseases.展开更多
The tendon-bone interface effectively transfers mechanical stress for movement,yet its regeneration presents significant clinical challenges due to its hierarchical structure and composition.Biomimetic strategies that...The tendon-bone interface effectively transfers mechanical stress for movement,yet its regeneration presents significant clinical challenges due to its hierarchical structure and composition.Biomimetic strategies that replicate the distinctive characteristics have demonstrated potential for enhancing the healing process.However,there remains a challenge in developing a composite that replicates the nanostructure of the tendon-bone interface and embeds living cells.Here,we engineered a nanoscale biomimetic bilayer hydrogel embedded with tendon stem cells for tendon-bone interface healing.Specifically,the biomimetic hydrogel incorporates intra-and extrafibrillar mineralized collagen fibrils as well as non-mineralized collagen fibrils resembling the tendon-bone interface at the nanoscale.Furthermore,biomimetic mineralization with the presence of cells re-alizes living tendon-bone-like tissue constructs.In the in vivo patella-patellar tendon-interface injury model,the tendon stem cell-laden biomimetic hydrogel promoted tendon-bone interface regeneration,demonstrated by increased fibrocartilage formation,improved motor function,and enhanced biomechanical outcomes.This study highlights the potential of the stem cell-laden biomimetic hydrogel as an effective strategy for tendon-bone interface regeneration,offering a novel approach to engineering complex tissue interfaces.展开更多
Tendon/ligament-to-bone healing poses a formidable clinical challenge due to the complex structure,composition,cell population and mechanics of the interface.With rapid advances in tissue engineering,a variety of stra...Tendon/ligament-to-bone healing poses a formidable clinical challenge due to the complex structure,composition,cell population and mechanics of the interface.With rapid advances in tissue engineering,a variety of strategies including advanced biomaterials,bioactive growth factors and multiple stem cell lineages have been developed to facilitate the healing of this tissue interface.Given the important role of structure-function relationship,the review begins with a brief description of enthesis structure and composition.Next,the biomimetic biomaterials including decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds and synthetic-/natural-origin scaffolds are critically examined.Then,the key roles of the combination,concentration and location of various growth factors in biomimetic application are emphasized.After that,the various stem cell sources and culture systems are described.At last,we discuss unmet needs and existing challenges in the ideal strategies for tendon/ligament-to-bone regeneration and highlight emerging strategies in the field.展开更多
Musculoskeletal disorders are common in clinical practice.Repairing critical-sized defects in musculoskeletal systems remains a challenge for researchers and surgeons,requiring the application of tissue engineering bi...Musculoskeletal disorders are common in clinical practice.Repairing critical-sized defects in musculoskeletal systems remains a challenge for researchers and surgeons,requiring the application of tissue engineering biomaterials.Successful application depends on the response of the host tissue to the biomaterial and specific healing process of each anatomical structure.The commonly-held view is that biomaterials should be biocompatible to minimize local host immune response.However,a growing number of studies have shown that active modulation of the immune cells,particularly macrophages,via biomaterials is an effective way to control immune response and promote tissue regeneration as well as biomaterial integration.Therefore,we critically review the role of macrophages in the repair of injured musculoskeletal system soft tissues,which have relatively poor regenerative capacities,as well as discuss further enhancement of target tissue regeneration via modulation of macrophage polarization by biomaterial-mediated immunomodulation(biomaterial properties and delivery systems).This active regulation approach rather than passive-evade strategy maximizes the potential of biomaterials to promote musculoskeletal system soft tissue regeneration and provides alternative therapeutic options for repairing critical-sized defects.展开更多
Fluorinated and nitrogen-doped graphdiyne(F/N-GDY)have been used in the active layer of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)for the first time.The introduction of heteroatoms turns out to be an effective method for boosted so...Fluorinated and nitrogen-doped graphdiyne(F/N-GDY)have been used in the active layer of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)for the first time.The introduction of heteroatoms turns out to be an effective method for boosted solar cells performance,which increases by 32.8%and 33.0%,better than the pristine or GDY doped PSCs.The enhanced performance can be attributed firstly to the superiority of F/N-GDY originated from the unique structure and optoelectronic properties of GDY.Then,both can further reduce surface defects and improve surface and bulk crystallinity than pristine GDY.What's more,efficiency increase caused by F-GDY is mainly attributed to the improvement of fill factor(FF),while the higher short-circuit current(Jsc)plays more important role by N-GDY doping.Most importantly,the detailed mechanism brought about by doping of F-GDY or N-GDY is expounded by systematical characterizations,especially the synchrotron radiation technique.Doping of F-GDY causes Pb and forms new Pb-F bonds between F-GDY and Pb ions.Doping of N-GDY or GDY brings about Pb(N-GDY doping induces more deviation than that of GDY due to the participation of imine N),improving its electron density and conductivity.展开更多
Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have emerged as one of the most competitive catalysts toward a variety of important electrochemical reactions,thanks to their maximum atom economy,unique electronic and geometric structures....Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have emerged as one of the most competitive catalysts toward a variety of important electrochemical reactions,thanks to their maximum atom economy,unique electronic and geometric structures.However,the role of SACs supports on the catalytic performance does not receive enough research attentions.Here,we report an efficient route for synthesis of single atom Zn loading on the N-doped carbon nano-onions(ZnN/CNO).ZnN/CNO catalysts show an excellent high selectivity for CO_(2) electro-reduction to CO with a Faradaic efficiency of CO(FECO)up to 97%at -0.47 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode,RHE)and remarkable durability without activity decay.To our knowledge,ZnN/CNO is the best activity for the Zn based catalysts up to now,and superior to single atom Zn loading on the two-dimensional planar and porous structure of graphene substrate,although the graphene with larger surface area.The exact role of such carbon nano-onions(CNO)support is studied systematically by coupling characterizations and electrochemistry with density functional theory(DFT)calculations,which have attributed such good performance to the increased curvature.Such increased curvature modifies the surface charge,which then changes the adsorption energies of key intermediates,and improves the selectivity for CO generation accordingly.展开更多
Abnormal tendons are rarely ever repaired to the natural structure and morphology of normal tendons.To better guide the repair and regeneration of injured tendons through a tissue engineering method,it is necessary to...Abnormal tendons are rarely ever repaired to the natural structure and morphology of normal tendons.To better guide the repair and regeneration of injured tendons through a tissue engineering method,it is necessary to have insights into the internal morphology,organization,and composition of natural tendons.This review summarized recent researches on the structure and function of the extracellular matrix(ECM)components of tendons and highlight the application of multiple detection methodologies concerning the structure of ECMs.In addition,we look forward to the future of multi-dimensional biomaterial design methods and the potential of structural repair for tendon ECM components.In addition,focus is placed on the macro to micro detection methods for tendons,and current techniques for evaluating the extracellular matrix of tendons at the micro level are introduced in detail.Finally,emphasis is given to future extracellular matrix detection methods,as well as to how future efforts could concentrate on fabricating the biomimetic tendons.展开更多
With the advancement of modern science and technology, large scientific facilities are increasingly oriented toward demand and application, and can be used for basic research as well as serving multiple disciplines. D...With the advancement of modern science and technology, large scientific facilities are increasingly oriented toward demand and application, and can be used for basic research as well as serving multiple disciplines. Developing large scientific facilities and related analytical technologies enhances understanding of large scientific facilities and popularizes their application in research across multiple disciplines. The combination of light or neutron sources from large scientific facilities and advanced analytical technologies can be achieved for materials structure information, dynamics study of chemical reactions, high dissociation of biomolecules, 3D visualization of energy materials or biological samples, etc. We first introduce the progress of domestic large scientific facilities of synchrotron radiation(SR) and free electron lasers(FELs) with different wavelengths and neutron sources.We further discuss the comparison between Chinese and typical foreign facilities in X-ray radiation from X-ray tubes, synchrotrons, X-ray FELs, and neutron sources based on physical parameters of light and neutron sources. In addition, we focus on the technological progress and perspectives combined with advanced X-ray radiation and neutron sources of large scientific facilities in China, especially in the nanoscience fields of energy catalysis and biological science. We hope that this roadmap will provide references on technology and methods to experimental users, as well as prospects for future development of technologies based on large research infrastructure facilities. Comprehensive studies and guidelines for basic research to practical application in various disciplines can be made with the assistance of large scientific facilities.展开更多
Although ultra-small nanoclusters(USNCs,<2 nm)have immense application capabilities in biomedicine,the investigation on body-wide organ responses towards USNCs is scant.Here,applying a novel strategy of single-cell...Although ultra-small nanoclusters(USNCs,<2 nm)have immense application capabilities in biomedicine,the investigation on body-wide organ responses towards USNCs is scant.Here,applying a novel strategy of single-cell mass cytometry combined with Nano Genome Atlas of multi-tissues,we systematically evaluate the interactions between the host and calcium phosphate(CaP)USNCs at the organism level.Combining single-cell mass cytometry,and magnetic luminex assay results,we identify dynamic immune responses to CaP USNCs at the single cell resolution.The innate immune is initially activated and followed by adaptive immune activation,as evidenced by dynamic immune cells proportions.Furthermore,using Nano Genome Atlas of multi-tissues,we uncover CaP USNCs induce stronger activation of the immune responses in the cartilage and subchondral bone among the five local tissues while promote metabolic activities in the liver and kidney.Moreover,based on the immunological response profiles,histological evaluation of major organs and local tissue,and a body-wide transcriptomics,we demonstrate that CaP USNCs are not more hazardous than the Food and Drug Administration-approved CaP nanoparticles after 14 days of injection.Our findings provide valuable information on the future clinical applications of USNCs and introduce an innovative strategy to decipher the whole body response to implants.展开更多
The myotendinous junction(MTJ)is a complex and special anatomical area that connects muscles and tendons,and it is also the key to repairing tendons.Nevertheless,the anatomical structure and connection structure of MT...The myotendinous junction(MTJ)is a complex and special anatomical area that connects muscles and tendons,and it is also the key to repairing tendons.Nevertheless,the anatomical structure and connection structure of MTJ,the cluster and distribution of cells,and which cells are involved in repairing the tissue are still unclear.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81972792.
文摘BACKGROUND Liver cancer is a malignant tumor with a high incidence.At present,the most effective treatment is laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH).Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging(ICG-FI)has become an important tool in LH,and the most common fluorescent types of tumors are total fluorescence,partial fluorescence,and rim fluorescence.CASE SUMMARY We presented four cases of LH guided by ICG-FI in which we also observed the fourth special fluorescent type.When the tumor or intrahepatic stone compresses the adjacent bile duct to cause local cholestasis,the liver segment or subsegment with obstructed bile drainage will show strong fluorescence.Complete removal of the lesion together with the fluorescent liver parenchyma may help reduce the risk of tumor or stone recurrence.CONCLUSION This type of partial fluorescence can indicate local biliary compression,and the resection method is related to bile drainage,which may be called functional anatomical hepatectomy and ensures radical resection of the lesion.
基金support by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0403400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(U1932201,U2032202)
文摘Purpose A new mobile grazing-incidence X-ray absorption fine spectroscopy(GIXAFS)endstation was developed at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility(BSRF)to improve the function of general XAFS beamlines and extend their capabilities to a wider user community.Methods We developed a facile GIXAFS endstation through modifying the regular XAFS in grazing-incidence geometry.Additionally,a soller slit,filter,photographic film and tiny lead sheets were assembled to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of XAFS data.Furtherly,combined with time-resolved quick scanning XAFS(QXAFS)techniques,the systems can perform in situ XAFS measurement to study materials under operando condition.Results The GIXAFS had been used to collect the Ga K-edge XAFS of InGaN thin film on sapphire substrate,which demonstrated that signal-to-noise ratio of XAFS data had been greatly improved through suppressing the effect of substrate diffractions.Moreover,the feasibility of GIXAFS-QXAFS combination was illustrated with in situ exploring the degradation of organic-inorganic perovskites under X-ray radiation.Conclusion A new mobile and facile GIXAFS endstation has been developed for thin films study.Based on the photographic film and lead sheets,the contamination of the XAFS from the matrix is minimized.Further combined with QXAFS techniques,the systems are used to reveal the X-ray-induced organic-inorganic perovskite thin films photodegrading process,which proved their successful application in the time-resolved measurements,extending the capabilities of general beamlines available to a wider user community.
基金supported by the National key research and development program of China(2022YFA1106800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.T2121004,32271406,82222044,82202045,82402845)+5 种基金“Leading Goose”Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(2024C03207)Key R&D Program of Zhejiang(2024SSYS0026)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M743025)Fundamental Research Funds for the Zhejiang Provincial Universities(K20240141)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20232297)the General Research Fund of the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong,China(24101921).
文摘Identification of disease-specific cell subtypes(DSCSs)has profound implications for understanding disease mechanisms,preoperative diagnosis,and precision therapy.However,achieving unified annotation of DSCSs in heterogeneous single-cell datasets remains a challenge.In this study,we developed the gPRINT algorithm(generalized approach for cell subtype identification with single cell's voicePRINT).Inspired by the principles of speech recognition in noisy environments,gPRINT transforms gene position and gene expression information into voiceprints based on ordered and clustered gene expression phenomena,obtaining unique“gene print”patterns for each cell.Then,we integrated neural networks to mitigate the impact of background noise on cell identity label mapping.We demonstrated the reproducibility of gPRINT across different donors,single-cell sequencing platforms,and disease subtypes,and its utility for automatic cell subtype annotation across datasets.Moreover,gPRINT achieved higher annotation accuracy of 98.37%when externally validated based on the same tissue,surpassing other algorithms.Furthermore,this approach has been applied to fibrosis-associated diseases in multiple tissues throughout the body,as well as to the annotation of fibroblast subtypes in a single tissue,tendon,where fibrosis is prevalent.We successfully achieved automatic prediction of tendinopathy-specific cell subtypes,key targets,and related drugs.In summary,gPRINT provides an automated and unified approach for identifying DSCSs across datasets,facilitating the elucidation of specific cell subtypes under different disease states and providing a powerful tool for exploring therapeutic targets in diseases.
基金supported by the National key research and development program of China(2022YFA1106800)NSFC grants(82222044,T2121004,32271404)+2 种基金Key R&D Program of Zhejiang(2024SSYS0026)“Leading Goose”Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(2023C03093)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ22H060002).
文摘The tendon-bone interface effectively transfers mechanical stress for movement,yet its regeneration presents significant clinical challenges due to its hierarchical structure and composition.Biomimetic strategies that replicate the distinctive characteristics have demonstrated potential for enhancing the healing process.However,there remains a challenge in developing a composite that replicates the nanostructure of the tendon-bone interface and embeds living cells.Here,we engineered a nanoscale biomimetic bilayer hydrogel embedded with tendon stem cells for tendon-bone interface healing.Specifically,the biomimetic hydrogel incorporates intra-and extrafibrillar mineralized collagen fibrils as well as non-mineralized collagen fibrils resembling the tendon-bone interface at the nanoscale.Furthermore,biomimetic mineralization with the presence of cells re-alizes living tendon-bone-like tissue constructs.In the in vivo patella-patellar tendon-interface injury model,the tendon stem cell-laden biomimetic hydrogel promoted tendon-bone interface regeneration,demonstrated by increased fibrocartilage formation,improved motor function,and enhanced biomechanical outcomes.This study highlights the potential of the stem cell-laden biomimetic hydrogel as an effective strategy for tendon-bone interface regeneration,offering a novel approach to engineering complex tissue interfaces.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1105100)NSFC grants(81871764,82072463,81772418,81972099)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LR20H060001).
文摘Tendon/ligament-to-bone healing poses a formidable clinical challenge due to the complex structure,composition,cell population and mechanics of the interface.With rapid advances in tissue engineering,a variety of strategies including advanced biomaterials,bioactive growth factors and multiple stem cell lineages have been developed to facilitate the healing of this tissue interface.Given the important role of structure-function relationship,the review begins with a brief description of enthesis structure and composition.Next,the biomimetic biomaterials including decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds and synthetic-/natural-origin scaffolds are critically examined.Then,the key roles of the combination,concentration and location of various growth factors in biomimetic application are emphasized.After that,the various stem cell sources and culture systems are described.At last,we discuss unmet needs and existing challenges in the ideal strategies for tendon/ligament-to-bone regeneration and highlight emerging strategies in the field.
基金National key R&D program of China(2017YFA0104900)NSFC grants(81874019,81572115,81572157)325 Health High Level Talent project of Zhejiang province,Clinical top young talents cultivation project of Zhejiang university,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Musculoskeletal disorders are common in clinical practice.Repairing critical-sized defects in musculoskeletal systems remains a challenge for researchers and surgeons,requiring the application of tissue engineering biomaterials.Successful application depends on the response of the host tissue to the biomaterial and specific healing process of each anatomical structure.The commonly-held view is that biomaterials should be biocompatible to minimize local host immune response.However,a growing number of studies have shown that active modulation of the immune cells,particularly macrophages,via biomaterials is an effective way to control immune response and promote tissue regeneration as well as biomaterial integration.Therefore,we critically review the role of macrophages in the repair of injured musculoskeletal system soft tissues,which have relatively poor regenerative capacities,as well as discuss further enhancement of target tissue regeneration via modulation of macrophage polarization by biomaterial-mediated immunomodulation(biomaterial properties and delivery systems).This active regulation approach rather than passive-evade strategy maximizes the potential of biomaterials to promote musculoskeletal system soft tissue regeneration and provides alternative therapeutic options for repairing critical-sized defects.
基金supported financially by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0703504 and 2017YFA0403403)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2016YFA0203200)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21971242,11705211,and U1532104)Young Scientist Innovative Foundation of IHEP(Nos.E05469U2 and Y95461C).
文摘Fluorinated and nitrogen-doped graphdiyne(F/N-GDY)have been used in the active layer of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)for the first time.The introduction of heteroatoms turns out to be an effective method for boosted solar cells performance,which increases by 32.8%and 33.0%,better than the pristine or GDY doped PSCs.The enhanced performance can be attributed firstly to the superiority of F/N-GDY originated from the unique structure and optoelectronic properties of GDY.Then,both can further reduce surface defects and improve surface and bulk crystallinity than pristine GDY.What's more,efficiency increase caused by F-GDY is mainly attributed to the improvement of fill factor(FF),while the higher short-circuit current(Jsc)plays more important role by N-GDY doping.Most importantly,the detailed mechanism brought about by doping of F-GDY or N-GDY is expounded by systematical characterizations,especially the synchrotron radiation technique.Doping of F-GDY causes Pb and forms new Pb-F bonds between F-GDY and Pb ions.Doping of N-GDY or GDY brings about Pb(N-GDY doping induces more deviation than that of GDY due to the participation of imine N),improving its electron density and conductivity.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0710404)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(2182077)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21477136,51972281,and 21703250).
文摘Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have emerged as one of the most competitive catalysts toward a variety of important electrochemical reactions,thanks to their maximum atom economy,unique electronic and geometric structures.However,the role of SACs supports on the catalytic performance does not receive enough research attentions.Here,we report an efficient route for synthesis of single atom Zn loading on the N-doped carbon nano-onions(ZnN/CNO).ZnN/CNO catalysts show an excellent high selectivity for CO_(2) electro-reduction to CO with a Faradaic efficiency of CO(FECO)up to 97%at -0.47 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode,RHE)and remarkable durability without activity decay.To our knowledge,ZnN/CNO is the best activity for the Zn based catalysts up to now,and superior to single atom Zn loading on the two-dimensional planar and porous structure of graphene substrate,although the graphene with larger surface area.The exact role of such carbon nano-onions(CNO)support is studied systematically by coupling characterizations and electrochemistry with density functional theory(DFT)calculations,which have attributed such good performance to the increased curvature.Such increased curvature modifies the surface charge,which then changes the adsorption energies of key intermediates,and improves the selectivity for CO generation accordingly.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1105100)NSFC grants(81772418,81972099,81871764,82072463)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LR20H060001)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Abnormal tendons are rarely ever repaired to the natural structure and morphology of normal tendons.To better guide the repair and regeneration of injured tendons through a tissue engineering method,it is necessary to have insights into the internal morphology,organization,and composition of natural tendons.This review summarized recent researches on the structure and function of the extracellular matrix(ECM)components of tendons and highlight the application of multiple detection methodologies concerning the structure of ECMs.In addition,we look forward to the future of multi-dimensional biomaterial design methods and the potential of structural repair for tendon ECM components.In addition,focus is placed on the macro to micro detection methods for tendons,and current techniques for evaluating the extracellular matrix of tendons at the micro level are introduced in detail.Finally,emphasis is given to future extracellular matrix detection methods,as well as to how future efforts could concentrate on fabricating the biomimetic tendons.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2022YFA1603701, 2021YFA1200900)the institutionalized scientific research platform relies on Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility of Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB36000000)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22027810, 82341044,22388101 and 22307028)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS 2019-I2M-5-018)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation。
文摘With the advancement of modern science and technology, large scientific facilities are increasingly oriented toward demand and application, and can be used for basic research as well as serving multiple disciplines. Developing large scientific facilities and related analytical technologies enhances understanding of large scientific facilities and popularizes their application in research across multiple disciplines. The combination of light or neutron sources from large scientific facilities and advanced analytical technologies can be achieved for materials structure information, dynamics study of chemical reactions, high dissociation of biomolecules, 3D visualization of energy materials or biological samples, etc. We first introduce the progress of domestic large scientific facilities of synchrotron radiation(SR) and free electron lasers(FELs) with different wavelengths and neutron sources.We further discuss the comparison between Chinese and typical foreign facilities in X-ray radiation from X-ray tubes, synchrotrons, X-ray FELs, and neutron sources based on physical parameters of light and neutron sources. In addition, we focus on the technological progress and perspectives combined with advanced X-ray radiation and neutron sources of large scientific facilities in China, especially in the nanoscience fields of energy catalysis and biological science. We hope that this roadmap will provide references on technology and methods to experimental users, as well as prospects for future development of technologies based on large research infrastructure facilities. Comprehensive studies and guidelines for basic research to practical application in various disciplines can be made with the assistance of large scientific facilities.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1105100)NSFC grants(T2121004,81972099,82072463,81871764)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ22H060002,LR20H060001)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Although ultra-small nanoclusters(USNCs,<2 nm)have immense application capabilities in biomedicine,the investigation on body-wide organ responses towards USNCs is scant.Here,applying a novel strategy of single-cell mass cytometry combined with Nano Genome Atlas of multi-tissues,we systematically evaluate the interactions between the host and calcium phosphate(CaP)USNCs at the organism level.Combining single-cell mass cytometry,and magnetic luminex assay results,we identify dynamic immune responses to CaP USNCs at the single cell resolution.The innate immune is initially activated and followed by adaptive immune activation,as evidenced by dynamic immune cells proportions.Furthermore,using Nano Genome Atlas of multi-tissues,we uncover CaP USNCs induce stronger activation of the immune responses in the cartilage and subchondral bone among the five local tissues while promote metabolic activities in the liver and kidney.Moreover,based on the immunological response profiles,histological evaluation of major organs and local tissue,and a body-wide transcriptomics,we demonstrate that CaP USNCs are not more hazardous than the Food and Drug Administration-approved CaP nanoparticles after 14 days of injection.Our findings provide valuable information on the future clinical applications of USNCs and introduce an innovative strategy to decipher the whole body response to implants.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1100500)NSFC grants(T2121004,31830029,82222044,81972099,82072463,32271406,and 32271404)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(LR20H060001 and LZ22H060002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘The myotendinous junction(MTJ)is a complex and special anatomical area that connects muscles and tendons,and it is also the key to repairing tendons.Nevertheless,the anatomical structure and connection structure of MTJ,the cluster and distribution of cells,and which cells are involved in repairing the tissue are still unclear.
