Micro-robots have the characteristics of small size,light weight and flexible movement.To design a micro three-legged crawling robot with multiple motion directions,a novel driving scheme based on the inverse piezoele...Micro-robots have the characteristics of small size,light weight and flexible movement.To design a micro three-legged crawling robot with multiple motion directions,a novel driving scheme based on the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics was proposed.The three legs of the robot were equipped with piezoelectric bimorphs as drivers,respectively.The motion principles were analyzed and the overall force analysis was carried out with the theoretical mechanics method.The natural frequency,mode shape and amplitude were analyzed with simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics,the optimal size was determined through parametric analysis,and then the micro three-legged crawling robot was manufactured.The effects of different driving voltages,different driving frequencies,different motion bases and different loads on the motion speed of the robot were tested.It is shown that the maximum speed of single-leg driving was 35.41 cm/s,the switching ability between different motion directions was measured,and the movements in six different directions were achieved.It is demonstrated the feasibility of multi-directional motion of the structure.The research may provide a reference for the design and development of miniature piezoelectric three-legged crawling robots.展开更多
In this study, ultraviolet （UV） and vacuum ultraviolet （VUV） photolysis were investigated for the pre-treatment and post-treatment of coking wastewater. First, B-fold diluted raw coking wastewater was irradiated b...In this study, ultraviolet （UV） and vacuum ultraviolet （VUV） photolysis were investigated for the pre-treatment and post-treatment of coking wastewater. First, B-fold diluted raw coking wastewater was irradiated by UV and VUV. It was found that 15.9%-35.4% total organic carbon （TOC） was removed after 24 hr irradiation. The irradiated effluent could be degraded by the acclimated activated sludge. Even though the VUV photolysis removed more chemical oxygen demand （COD） than UV, the UV-irradiated effluent demonstrated better biodegradability. After 4 hr UV irradiation, the biological oxygen demand BODs/COD ratio of irradiated coking wastewater increased from 0.163 to 0.224, and its toxicity decreased to the greatest extent. Second, the biologically treated coking wastewater was irradiated by UV and VUV. Both of them were able to remove 37%-47% TOC within 8 hr irradiation. Compared to UV, VUV photolysis could significantly improve the transparency of the bio-treated effluent. VUV also reduced 7% more ammonia nitrogen （NH4^＋-N）, 17% more nitrite nitrogen （NO2^--N）, and 18% more total nitrogen （TN） than UV, producing 35% less nitrite nitrogen （NO3^--N） as a result. In conclusion, UV irradiation was better in improving the biodegradability of coking wastewater, while VUV was more effective at photolyzing the residual organic compounds and inorganic N-species in the bio-treated effluent.展开更多
Acute kidney injury(AKI)has high morbidity and mortality,but effective clinical drugs and management are lacking.Previous studies have suggested that macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response to AKI...Acute kidney injury(AKI)has high morbidity and mortality,but effective clinical drugs and management are lacking.Previous studies have suggested that macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response to AKI and may serve as potential therapeutic targets.Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of forkhead box protein O1(FoxO1)in mediating macrophage activation and polarization in various diseases,but the specific mechanisms by which FoxO1 regulates macrophages during AKI remain unclear.The present study aimed to investigate the role of FoxO1 in macrophages in the pathogenesis of AKI.We observed a significant upregulation of FoxO1 in kidney macrophages following ischemiaereperfusion(I/R)injury.Additionally,our findings demonstrated that the administration of FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856-encapsulated liposome(AS-Lipo),mainly acting on macrophages,effectively mitigated renal injury induced by I/R injury in mice.By generating myeloid-specific FoxO1-knockout mice,we further observed that the deficiency of FoxO1 in myeloid cells protected against I/R injury-induced AKI.Furthermore,our study provided evidence of FoxO1’s pivotal role in macrophage chemotaxis,inflammation,and migration.Moreover,the impact of FoxO1 on the regulation of macrophage migration was mediated through RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1(ARHGEF1),indicating that ARHGEF1 may serve as a potential intermediary between FoxO1 and the activity of the RhoA pathway.Consequently,our findings propose that FoxO1 plays a crucial role as a mediator and biomarker in the context of AKI.Targeting macrophage FoxO1 pharmacologically could potentially offer a promising therapeutic approach for AKI.展开更多
Background:Neuroblastoma(NB)is a malignant pediatric tumor requiring new therapies.Accumulating evidence has confirmed that microRNAs play critical roles in NBmetastasis.Dihydroartemisinin(DHA)is capable of inhibiting...Background:Neuroblastoma(NB)is a malignant pediatric tumor requiring new therapies.Accumulating evidence has confirmed that microRNAs play critical roles in NBmetastasis.Dihydroartemisinin(DHA)is capable of inhibiting the growth of NB cells.The primary objective of the current investigation was to characterize a newly discovered microRNA,miR-32-5p,in terms of the functional role,underlying mechanism of action,and potential synergistic therapeutic impact in the context of NB metastasis.Materials and methods:Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were employed to assess the expression levels of miR-32-5p and its target,vacuolar protein sorting 4B(VPS4B).Furthermore,Transwell assay was utilized to evaluate in vitro cell migration and invasion,whereas a metastasis xenograft model was established in nude mice via caudal vein injections.Results:Gene Expression Omnibus database and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that miR-32-5p was downregulated in human NB samples and NB cell lines,in comparison with the normal tissue and cell lines.Inhibiting miR-32-5p induced the migration and invasion of NB cells,whereas overexpression of miR-32-5p prevented the migration and invasion in NB cell lines.Furthermore,VPS4B was identified as the direct target ofmiR-32-5p and themiR-32-5p reduction associated with NB metastasis upregulated the expression of VPS4B.Conversely,overexpression of VPS4B reversed the suppressive effects ofmiR-32-5p onNB cells.Moreover,miR-32-5p increased the sensitivity to DHA both in NB cells and in the metastasis xenograft model of nude mice.Conclusions:The downregulation of miR-32-5p in NB regulates NB metastasis by targeting VPS4B.Moreover,miR-32-5b can improve the sensitivity of DHA in the xenograft mouse model.Our findings have important implications for the combined application of miR-32-5p and DHA in the treatment of NB.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no.51505133)by Key Research Project in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province (23A460010)by Opening Project of Henan Engineering Laboratory of Photoelectric Sensor and Intelligent Measurement and Control,Henan Polytechnic University (grant no.HELPSIMC-2020-006).
文摘Micro-robots have the characteristics of small size,light weight and flexible movement.To design a micro three-legged crawling robot with multiple motion directions,a novel driving scheme based on the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics was proposed.The three legs of the robot were equipped with piezoelectric bimorphs as drivers,respectively.The motion principles were analyzed and the overall force analysis was carried out with the theoretical mechanics method.The natural frequency,mode shape and amplitude were analyzed with simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics,the optimal size was determined through parametric analysis,and then the micro three-legged crawling robot was manufactured.The effects of different driving voltages,different driving frequencies,different motion bases and different loads on the motion speed of the robot were tested.It is shown that the maximum speed of single-leg driving was 35.41 cm/s,the switching ability between different motion directions was measured,and the movements in six different directions were achieved.It is demonstrated the feasibility of multi-directional motion of the structure.The research may provide a reference for the design and development of miniature piezoelectric three-legged crawling robots.
基金accomplished under an "863" Exploration Project granted by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (No. 2009AA06Z309)
文摘In this study, ultraviolet （UV） and vacuum ultraviolet （VUV） photolysis were investigated for the pre-treatment and post-treatment of coking wastewater. First, B-fold diluted raw coking wastewater was irradiated by UV and VUV. It was found that 15.9%-35.4% total organic carbon （TOC） was removed after 24 hr irradiation. The irradiated effluent could be degraded by the acclimated activated sludge. Even though the VUV photolysis removed more chemical oxygen demand （COD） than UV, the UV-irradiated effluent demonstrated better biodegradability. After 4 hr UV irradiation, the biological oxygen demand BODs/COD ratio of irradiated coking wastewater increased from 0.163 to 0.224, and its toxicity decreased to the greatest extent. Second, the biologically treated coking wastewater was irradiated by UV and VUV. Both of them were able to remove 37%-47% TOC within 8 hr irradiation. Compared to UV, VUV photolysis could significantly improve the transparency of the bio-treated effluent. VUV also reduced 7% more ammonia nitrogen （NH4^＋-N）, 17% more nitrite nitrogen （NO2^--N）, and 18% more total nitrogen （TN） than UV, producing 35% less nitrite nitrogen （NO3^--N） as a result. In conclusion, UV irradiation was better in improving the biodegradability of coking wastewater, while VUV was more effective at photolyzing the residual organic compounds and inorganic N-species in the bio-treated effluent.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92168120 to Lu Tie)the Key Research and Development Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2023B02010-5 to Lu Tie and Linlin Li,China)+1 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.Z200019 to Lu Tie,China)grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82073878,81874318,81473235 to Xuejun Li).
文摘Acute kidney injury(AKI)has high morbidity and mortality,but effective clinical drugs and management are lacking.Previous studies have suggested that macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response to AKI and may serve as potential therapeutic targets.Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of forkhead box protein O1(FoxO1)in mediating macrophage activation and polarization in various diseases,but the specific mechanisms by which FoxO1 regulates macrophages during AKI remain unclear.The present study aimed to investigate the role of FoxO1 in macrophages in the pathogenesis of AKI.We observed a significant upregulation of FoxO1 in kidney macrophages following ischemiaereperfusion(I/R)injury.Additionally,our findings demonstrated that the administration of FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856-encapsulated liposome(AS-Lipo),mainly acting on macrophages,effectively mitigated renal injury induced by I/R injury in mice.By generating myeloid-specific FoxO1-knockout mice,we further observed that the deficiency of FoxO1 in myeloid cells protected against I/R injury-induced AKI.Furthermore,our study provided evidence of FoxO1’s pivotal role in macrophage chemotaxis,inflammation,and migration.Moreover,the impact of FoxO1 on the regulation of macrophage migration was mediated through RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1(ARHGEF1),indicating that ARHGEF1 may serve as a potential intermediary between FoxO1 and the activity of the RhoA pathway.Consequently,our findings propose that FoxO1 plays a crucial role as a mediator and biomarker in the context of AKI.Targeting macrophage FoxO1 pharmacologically could potentially offer a promising therapeutic approach for AKI.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central PublicWelfare Research Institutes(grant ZZ13-YQ-100)the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(grants 82274181 and 82141001)+1 种基金Innovation Fund of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(grantsCI2021A05106,CI2021A04611,andZZ16-ND-10-01)Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2021B015,CI2023E001TS12).
文摘Background:Neuroblastoma(NB)is a malignant pediatric tumor requiring new therapies.Accumulating evidence has confirmed that microRNAs play critical roles in NBmetastasis.Dihydroartemisinin(DHA)is capable of inhibiting the growth of NB cells.The primary objective of the current investigation was to characterize a newly discovered microRNA,miR-32-5p,in terms of the functional role,underlying mechanism of action,and potential synergistic therapeutic impact in the context of NB metastasis.Materials and methods:Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were employed to assess the expression levels of miR-32-5p and its target,vacuolar protein sorting 4B(VPS4B).Furthermore,Transwell assay was utilized to evaluate in vitro cell migration and invasion,whereas a metastasis xenograft model was established in nude mice via caudal vein injections.Results:Gene Expression Omnibus database and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that miR-32-5p was downregulated in human NB samples and NB cell lines,in comparison with the normal tissue and cell lines.Inhibiting miR-32-5p induced the migration and invasion of NB cells,whereas overexpression of miR-32-5p prevented the migration and invasion in NB cell lines.Furthermore,VPS4B was identified as the direct target ofmiR-32-5p and themiR-32-5p reduction associated with NB metastasis upregulated the expression of VPS4B.Conversely,overexpression of VPS4B reversed the suppressive effects ofmiR-32-5p onNB cells.Moreover,miR-32-5p increased the sensitivity to DHA both in NB cells and in the metastasis xenograft model of nude mice.Conclusions:The downregulation of miR-32-5p in NB regulates NB metastasis by targeting VPS4B.Moreover,miR-32-5b can improve the sensitivity of DHA in the xenograft mouse model.Our findings have important implications for the combined application of miR-32-5p and DHA in the treatment of NB.
