To effectively enhanced structural stability and cycling performance,a dual carbon protection strategy is proposed to fabricate Si nanoparticles encapsulated in citric acid(CA)-derived inner carbon layer and zeolitic ...To effectively enhanced structural stability and cycling performance,a dual carbon protection strategy is proposed to fabricate Si nanoparticles encapsulated in citric acid(CA)-derived inner carbon layer and zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67) derived outer carbon layer(Si@C-CA@c-ZIF).The results reveal that citric acid-derived carbon facilitates a uniform ZIF-67 coating on the Si surface and serves as the inner carbon precursor to reduce volumetric expansion of Si particles,more importantly,it can enhance the transport of electrons and ions between Si particles and ZIF-67-derived carbon.The ZIF-67-derived outer carbon layer further restricts Si particle expansion and enhances conductivity.Evaluated as anode material for lithium ion batteries,the Si@C-CA@c-ZIF anode demonstrates outstanding lithium storage performance,the high specific capacity is high to 924 m A·h·g^(-1)at 1.0 A·g^(-1) after 10 cycles of activation,and it still maintains a reversible capacity of 703.3 m A·h·g^(-1) after 1000 cycles,along with a capacity retention of 76.1%.This work highlights the effectiveness of the dual carbon framework in addressing the volume expansion and conductivity limitations of Si,with potential applications for other high-capacity anode materials.展开更多
Microplastics(MPs) are an emerging environmental pollutant and have penetrated the most remote and primitive areas. MPs degradation has received widespread attention. Manganese(Mn) is a highly reactive metal element i...Microplastics(MPs) are an emerging environmental pollutant and have penetrated the most remote and primitive areas. MPs degradation has received widespread attention. Manganese(Mn) is a highly reactive metal element in the environment, yet its contribution to MPs degradation remains unclear. Herein,we simulated the aging of polyethylene MPs with Mn(Ⅱ) under aqueous conditions at pH 5 and 8 for720 days. Mn greatly promoted the MPs degradation, and the average particle sizes of polyethylene MPs were reduced from 9.2 μm to 5.9 μm after aging at pH 5 under light irradiation for 720 days. Plenty of oxygen-containing groups were generated on the MPs surfaces, and the carbonyl index remarkably increased, reaching four times that of the control without adding Mn. Mechanistically, the adsorbed Mn(Ⅱ)on the MPs surfaces were primarily oxidized to high-valence Mn(Ⅲ/Ⅳ) profited from the photoproduced radicals, followed by the MPs oxidation via Mn(Ⅲ/Ⅳ), which were reduced to regenerate Mn(Ⅱ), initiating a new redox cycling. During the degradation, dissolved organic matter was continuously released, mainly including bisphenol A and phthalic acid esters. Mn acts as a catalyst to accelerate the MPs degradation by redox cycling. Our results provide a new insight into the mechanisms of abiotic degradation of MPs in aqueous environments.展开更多
The transformation of mercury(Hg) in the environment plays a vital role in the cycling of Hg and its risk to the ecosystem and human health. Of particular importance are Hg oxidation/reduction and methylation/demethyl...The transformation of mercury(Hg) in the environment plays a vital role in the cycling of Hg and its risk to the ecosystem and human health. Of particular importance are Hg oxidation/reduction and methylation/demethylation processes driven or mediated by the dynamics of light, microorganisms, and organic carbon, among others. Advances in understanding those Hg transformation processes determine our capacity of projecting and mitigating Hg risk. Here, we provide a critical analysis of major knowledge gaps in our understanding of Hg transformation in nature, with perspectives on approaches moving forward. Our analysis focuses on Hg transformation processes in the environment, as well as emerging methodology in exploring these processes. Future avenues for improving the understanding of Hg transformation processes to protect ecosystem and human health are also explored.展开更多
To solve inefficient water stress classification of spinach seedlings under complex background,this study proposed an automatic classification method for the water stress level of spinach seedlings based on the N-Mobi...To solve inefficient water stress classification of spinach seedlings under complex background,this study proposed an automatic classification method for the water stress level of spinach seedlings based on the N-MobileNetXt(NCAM+MobileNetXt)network.Firstly,this study recon-structed the Sandglass Block to effectively increase the model accuracy;secondly,this study introduced the group convolution module and a two-dimensional adaptive average pool,which can significantly compress the model parameters and enhance the model robustness separately;finally,this study innovatively proposed the Normalization-based Channel Attention Module(NCAM)to enhance the image features obviously.The experimental results showed that the classification accuracy of N-MobileNetXt model for spinach seedlings under the natural environment reached 90.35%,and the number of parameters was decreased by 66%compared with the original MobileNetXt model.The N-MobileNetXt model was superior to other net-work models such as ShuffleNet and GhostNet in terms of parameters and accuracy of identification.It can provide a theoretical basis and technical support for automatic irrigation.展开更多
Aims:In this study,we aimed to identify cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis genes in the atherosclerosis microarray of the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and to explore hub gene-mediated immune infiltration in at...Aims:In this study,we aimed to identify cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis genes in the atherosclerosis microarray of the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and to explore hub gene-mediated immune infiltration in atherosclerosis.Background:Immune infiltration plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis development.Ferroptosis is a mode of cell death caused by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides.Cuproptosis is a recently discovered type of programmed cell death.No previous studies have examined the mechanism of cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis gene regulation in immune infiltration in atherosclerosis.Methods:We searched the qualified atherosclerosis gene microarray in the GEO database,integrated it with ferroptosis and cuproptosis genes,and calculated the correlation coefficients.We then obtained the cuproptosis-associated ferrop-tosis gene matrix and screened differentially expressed genes.Subsequently,we performed Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses and protein–protein interaction network analysis of differen-tially expressed genes.We also screened hub genes according to the Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC)algorithm.We conducted enrichment analysis of hub genes to explore their functions and predict related microRNAs(P<0.05).We also used the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)algorithm to analyze the relationships between hub genes and immune infiltration,and used immune-associated hub genes to construct a risk model.Finally,we used the drug prediction results and molecular docking technology to explore potential therapeutic drugs targeting the hub genes.Results:Seventy-eight cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis genes were found to be involved in the cellular response to oxidative and chemical stress,and to be enriched in multiple pathways,including ferroptosis,glutathione metabolism,and atherosclerosis.Ten hub genes were identified with the MCC algorithm;according to the ssGSEA algorithm,these genes were closely associated with immune infiltration,thus indicating that cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis genes may participate in atherosclerosis by mediating immune infiltration.The receiver operating characteristic curve indi-cated that the model had a good ability to predict atherosclerosis risk.The results of drug prediction(adjusted P<0.001)and molecular docking showed that glutathione may be a potential therapeutic drug that targets the hub genes.Conclusion:Cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis genes are associated with immune infiltration in atherosclerosis.展开更多
In this work,we report alcohol induced surface charging of colloidal quantum dots for controllable electrophoretic deposition processing.By adding a fixed amount of alcohol into a preformed quantum dots solution in no...In this work,we report alcohol induced surface charging of colloidal quantum dots for controllable electrophoretic deposition processing.By adding a fixed amount of alcohol into a preformed quantum dots solution in non-polar solvents,quantum dots can be positively charged,and then deposited on negative electrode under applied electric field.The surface charging of PbSe quantum dots was investigated by Zeta potential,nuclear magnetic resonance,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and discrete Fourier transform calculations.Based on the results,Zeta potential of oleate acid capped PbSe quantum dots increases from+1.6 to+13.4 mV as the amount of alcohol solvent increases.The alcohol induced Zeta potential increase can be explained by the electron cloud shift of active hydrogen mediated by intermolecular hydrogen bonds between carboxylic acid and alcohol.Considering the influence of surface charging of quantum dots on their dispersibility,we describe the microscopic mechanism of alcohol induced electrophoretic deposition processing.Furthermore,we developed a size-selective separation protocol by controlling alcohol induced electrophoretic deposition processing.展开更多
The combination of immunogenic cell death(ICD)induction and immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a major direction of cancer immunotherapy.Among currently available ICD inducers,sonosensitizers that produce react...The combination of immunogenic cell death(ICD)induction and immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a major direction of cancer immunotherapy.Among currently available ICD inducers,sonosensitizers that produce reactive oxygen species(ROS)under an external trigger to evoke ICD of tumor cells have shown great promise.However,a highly efficient sonosensitizer-based ICD inducer with an aggregationinduced emission(AIE)characteristic has yet to be developed.Herein,a novel AIE sonosensitizer with a twisted molecular structure,very small energy gap between the singlet and triplet excited states(ΔE_(ST)),and efficient ROS generation ability,which can serve as an effective ICD inducer,is reported for sonodynamic processes in cancer immunotherapy.Furthermore,an AIE sonosensitizer-based nanosystem with surface modification of anti-PD-L1 peptide is constructed for boosting antitumor immunotherapy.In this system,AIE sonosensitizer-mediated sonodynamic therapy can successfully convert a hypoimmunogenic cold tumor to a hot one and further facilitate the multivalent blocking of programed death ligand(PD-L1)by anti-PD-L1 peptides.Such an advanced nanosystem could effectively initiate the activation of antitumoral immune reactions and modulation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment,contributing to systemic antitumor effects to further inhibit the growth of distant tumors.展开更多
To solve the problems of the traditional orchard conveyor,such as inflexible steering,a complex structure,poor stability and no power grid coverage,a remote-controlled rail conveyor powered by hydraulic pressure for m...To solve the problems of the traditional orchard conveyor,such as inflexible steering,a complex structure,poor stability and no power grid coverage,a remote-controlled rail conveyor powered by hydraulic pressure for mountainous orchards was designed and manufactured.Climbing stress analysis was carried out on a full-load trailer to obtain the maximum traction force,which met the requirement of the climbing slope of the transport mechanism.The key components of the conveyor were developed,such as the hydraulic transmission,the control system,safety protection devices,limiting devices,the throttle and decompression actuator,the counterweight tension and the battery.Through the theoretical calculations of key components,an orchard conveyor powered by diesel and hydraulic pressure was designed.Finally,the working performance of the transporter was tested through functionality,driving speed,system pressure and remote-controlled tests.The test results showed that the climbing angle of the transporter can reach 50°,the uphill load can reach 840 kg,the downhill load can reach 1100 kg,and the average running speed is 0.77 m/s;the driving speed ranges from 0.29 m/s to 1.08 m/s,and the system pressure ranges from 3.2 MPa to 10 MPa.The driving speed and system pressure are significantly affected by the load,and the remote control distance can reach 455 m.The technical specifications of the transporter meet all the design requirements,and the problem of stable operation of the transporter without power grid coverage has been addressed.The research results can well meet the practical application requirements of mountain orchard transportation without power grid coverage and provide theoretical reference for the design of key components of mountain orchard transportation machinery.展开更多
Detection and imaging of α-L-fucosidase(AFU)is of great value to understand its roles in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and tumor early diagnosis,but ideal assays are still lacking.Herein,a near-infrared(NIR)fluorescen...Detection and imaging of α-L-fucosidase(AFU)is of great value to understand its roles in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and tumor early diagnosis,but ideal assays are still lacking.Herein,a near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent biosensor(α-Fuc-DCM)was elaborately designed and synthesized for rapid and ratiometric detection of AFU activity in cells and HCC tumor mouse models.In the presence of AFU,this biosensor shows an enhancement in NIR emission in a ratiometric manner,which significantly improves the detection accuracy with the limit of detection as low as 4.8 mU/mL.Taking advantage of these merits,the activity of AFU in lysosomes could be visualized using ratiometric and NIR dual modality in living cells.Furthermore,its remarkable application for monitoring of endogenous AFU activity in HCC tumor-bearing mouse model is also demonstrated with bright fluorescence signal,which indicated that the biosensor could clearly monitor the liver tumor in the early stage.Importantly,the α-Fuc-DCM probe can be utilized to detect the AFU in serum from HCC patients.This strategy offers a promising biosensor system for early diagnosis of HCC and studying the roles of AFU in cancers.展开更多
β-Glucuronidase(GUS)plays a key role in tumor initiation,metastasis,and progression,and thus,has been proposed as a promising cancer biomarker.In this study,we designed an enzyme-activatable near-infrared(NIR)fluores...β-Glucuronidase(GUS)plays a key role in tumor initiation,metastasis,and progression,and thus,has been proposed as a promising cancer biomarker.In this study,we designed an enzyme-activatable near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent probe(DCM-βGlcA)for the rapid and accurate detection of GUS activity in vitro,in vivo and ex vivo.The DCM-βGlcA was prepared by linking a glucuronic acid residue to dicyanomethylene-4 H-pyran(DCM).This probe exhibited significant light-up NIR fluorescent signals at 680 nm after reacting with GUS and the Stokes shift could reach 150 nm.The DCM-βGlcA showed a high sensitivity toward GUS and an excellent linear relationship at concentrations ranging between 0 and 4 U L^(-1)(R^(2)=0.9974)with the limit of detection as low as 0.19 U L^(-1).We used the DCM-βGlcA to identify GUS serum levels in both cancer patients and healthy individuals with a similar accuracy as that of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)while being easier and faster to perform.Moreover,the DCM-βGlcA was used for tracking endogenous GUS in living cells,thereby discriminating GUSoverexpressed liver cancer from normal cells.Additionally,the DCM-βGlcA was able to detect and image endogenous GUS in liver cancer tissue and tumor-bearing mouse models.These findings demonstrate the potential of the DCM-βGlcA as a promising tool for detecting and monitoring GUS activity in preclinical applications.展开更多
We describe a method of optical flow extraction for high-speed high-brightness targets based on a pulse array image sensor(PAIS).PAIS is a retina-like image sensor with pixels triggered by light;it can convert light i...We describe a method of optical flow extraction for high-speed high-brightness targets based on a pulse array image sensor(PAIS).PAIS is a retina-like image sensor with pixels triggered by light;it can convert light into a series of pulse intervals.This method can obtain optical flow from pulse data directly by accumulating continuous pulses.The triggered points can be used to filter redundant data when the target is brighter than the background.The method takes full advantage of the rapid response of PAIS to high-brightness targets.We applied this method to extract the optical flow of high-speed turntables with different background brightness,with the sensor model and actual data,respectively.Under the sampling condition of 2×10^(4) frames/s,the optical flow could be extracted from a high-speed turntable rotating at 1000 r/min.More than 90%of redundant points could be filtered by our method.Experimental results showed that the optical flow extraction algorithm based on pulse data can extract the optical flow information of high-brightness objects efficiently without the need to reconstruct images.展开更多
基金financially supported by Industry foresight and common key technology research in Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Special Project from Zhenjiang city (CG2023003)National Natural Science Foundation of China (22379056,22409076)。
文摘To effectively enhanced structural stability and cycling performance,a dual carbon protection strategy is proposed to fabricate Si nanoparticles encapsulated in citric acid(CA)-derived inner carbon layer and zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67) derived outer carbon layer(Si@C-CA@c-ZIF).The results reveal that citric acid-derived carbon facilitates a uniform ZIF-67 coating on the Si surface and serves as the inner carbon precursor to reduce volumetric expansion of Si particles,more importantly,it can enhance the transport of electrons and ions between Si particles and ZIF-67-derived carbon.The ZIF-67-derived outer carbon layer further restricts Si particle expansion and enhances conductivity.Evaluated as anode material for lithium ion batteries,the Si@C-CA@c-ZIF anode demonstrates outstanding lithium storage performance,the high specific capacity is high to 924 m A·h·g^(-1)at 1.0 A·g^(-1) after 10 cycles of activation,and it still maintains a reversible capacity of 703.3 m A·h·g^(-1) after 1000 cycles,along with a capacity retention of 76.1%.This work highlights the effectiveness of the dual carbon framework in addressing the volume expansion and conductivity limitations of Si,with potential applications for other high-capacity anode materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42077120)the Special Foundation for Taishan Scholar of Shandong Province(2023)the Project of Talent Introduction and Education Program of Youth Innovation Teams in Universities of Shandong Province(No.2021-05).
文摘Microplastics(MPs) are an emerging environmental pollutant and have penetrated the most remote and primitive areas. MPs degradation has received widespread attention. Manganese(Mn) is a highly reactive metal element in the environment, yet its contribution to MPs degradation remains unclear. Herein,we simulated the aging of polyethylene MPs with Mn(Ⅱ) under aqueous conditions at pH 5 and 8 for720 days. Mn greatly promoted the MPs degradation, and the average particle sizes of polyethylene MPs were reduced from 9.2 μm to 5.9 μm after aging at pH 5 under light irradiation for 720 days. Plenty of oxygen-containing groups were generated on the MPs surfaces, and the carbonyl index remarkably increased, reaching four times that of the control without adding Mn. Mechanistically, the adsorbed Mn(Ⅱ)on the MPs surfaces were primarily oxidized to high-valence Mn(Ⅲ/Ⅳ) profited from the photoproduced radicals, followed by the MPs oxidation via Mn(Ⅲ/Ⅳ), which were reduced to regenerate Mn(Ⅱ), initiating a new redox cycling. During the degradation, dissolved organic matter was continuously released, mainly including bisphenol A and phthalic acid esters. Mn acts as a catalyst to accelerate the MPs degradation by redox cycling. Our results provide a new insight into the mechanisms of abiotic degradation of MPs in aqueous environments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U2032201 and 21976193 )the Canada Research Chairs Program。
文摘The transformation of mercury(Hg) in the environment plays a vital role in the cycling of Hg and its risk to the ecosystem and human health. Of particular importance are Hg oxidation/reduction and methylation/demethylation processes driven or mediated by the dynamics of light, microorganisms, and organic carbon, among others. Advances in understanding those Hg transformation processes determine our capacity of projecting and mitigating Hg risk. Here, we provide a critical analysis of major knowledge gaps in our understanding of Hg transformation in nature, with perspectives on approaches moving forward. Our analysis focuses on Hg transformation processes in the environment, as well as emerging methodology in exploring these processes. Future avenues for improving the understanding of Hg transformation processes to protect ecosystem and human health are also explored.
基金supported in part by the Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Changchun[Grant Number 21ZGN28]the Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Plan Project[Grant Number 20210101157JC]the Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Plan Project[Grant Number 20230202035NC].
文摘To solve inefficient water stress classification of spinach seedlings under complex background,this study proposed an automatic classification method for the water stress level of spinach seedlings based on the N-MobileNetXt(NCAM+MobileNetXt)network.Firstly,this study recon-structed the Sandglass Block to effectively increase the model accuracy;secondly,this study introduced the group convolution module and a two-dimensional adaptive average pool,which can significantly compress the model parameters and enhance the model robustness separately;finally,this study innovatively proposed the Normalization-based Channel Attention Module(NCAM)to enhance the image features obviously.The experimental results showed that the classification accuracy of N-MobileNetXt model for spinach seedlings under the natural environment reached 90.35%,and the number of parameters was decreased by 66%compared with the original MobileNetXt model.The N-MobileNetXt model was superior to other net-work models such as ShuffleNet and GhostNet in terms of parameters and accuracy of identification.It can provide a theoretical basis and technical support for automatic irrigation.
基金This study was funded by the Education Department of Hebei Province(project No.QN2016145)a student research project at Chengde Medical University(project No.2021101,2022086)+1 种基金the university-level scientific research project in CDMC(project No.202118)Fundamental Research Funds for Chengde Medical University(project No.KY202220).
文摘Aims:In this study,we aimed to identify cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis genes in the atherosclerosis microarray of the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and to explore hub gene-mediated immune infiltration in atherosclerosis.Background:Immune infiltration plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis development.Ferroptosis is a mode of cell death caused by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides.Cuproptosis is a recently discovered type of programmed cell death.No previous studies have examined the mechanism of cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis gene regulation in immune infiltration in atherosclerosis.Methods:We searched the qualified atherosclerosis gene microarray in the GEO database,integrated it with ferroptosis and cuproptosis genes,and calculated the correlation coefficients.We then obtained the cuproptosis-associated ferrop-tosis gene matrix and screened differentially expressed genes.Subsequently,we performed Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses and protein–protein interaction network analysis of differen-tially expressed genes.We also screened hub genes according to the Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC)algorithm.We conducted enrichment analysis of hub genes to explore their functions and predict related microRNAs(P<0.05).We also used the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)algorithm to analyze the relationships between hub genes and immune infiltration,and used immune-associated hub genes to construct a risk model.Finally,we used the drug prediction results and molecular docking technology to explore potential therapeutic drugs targeting the hub genes.Results:Seventy-eight cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis genes were found to be involved in the cellular response to oxidative and chemical stress,and to be enriched in multiple pathways,including ferroptosis,glutathione metabolism,and atherosclerosis.Ten hub genes were identified with the MCC algorithm;according to the ssGSEA algorithm,these genes were closely associated with immune infiltration,thus indicating that cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis genes may participate in atherosclerosis by mediating immune infiltration.The receiver operating characteristic curve indi-cated that the model had a good ability to predict atherosclerosis risk.The results of drug prediction(adjusted P<0.001)and molecular docking showed that glutathione may be a potential therapeutic drug that targets the hub genes.Conclusion:Cuproptosis-associated ferroptosis genes are associated with immune infiltration in atherosclerosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U23A20683)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(No.Z210018)the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,Administrative Commission of Zhongguancun Science Park(No.Z231100006023018).
文摘In this work,we report alcohol induced surface charging of colloidal quantum dots for controllable electrophoretic deposition processing.By adding a fixed amount of alcohol into a preformed quantum dots solution in non-polar solvents,quantum dots can be positively charged,and then deposited on negative electrode under applied electric field.The surface charging of PbSe quantum dots was investigated by Zeta potential,nuclear magnetic resonance,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and discrete Fourier transform calculations.Based on the results,Zeta potential of oleate acid capped PbSe quantum dots increases from+1.6 to+13.4 mV as the amount of alcohol solvent increases.The alcohol induced Zeta potential increase can be explained by the electron cloud shift of active hydrogen mediated by intermolecular hydrogen bonds between carboxylic acid and alcohol.Considering the influence of surface charging of quantum dots on their dispersibility,we describe the microscopic mechanism of alcohol induced electrophoretic deposition processing.Furthermore,we developed a size-selective separation protocol by controlling alcohol induced electrophoretic deposition processing.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Intergovernmental Cooperation Project,no.2017YFE0132200)the NSFC(nos.5191160730,51873092,and 81921004)the Tianjin Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(no.19JCQJC61200).
文摘The combination of immunogenic cell death(ICD)induction and immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a major direction of cancer immunotherapy.Among currently available ICD inducers,sonosensitizers that produce reactive oxygen species(ROS)under an external trigger to evoke ICD of tumor cells have shown great promise.However,a highly efficient sonosensitizer-based ICD inducer with an aggregationinduced emission(AIE)characteristic has yet to be developed.Herein,a novel AIE sonosensitizer with a twisted molecular structure,very small energy gap between the singlet and triplet excited states(ΔE_(ST)),and efficient ROS generation ability,which can serve as an effective ICD inducer,is reported for sonodynamic processes in cancer immunotherapy.Furthermore,an AIE sonosensitizer-based nanosystem with surface modification of anti-PD-L1 peptide is constructed for boosting antitumor immunotherapy.In this system,AIE sonosensitizer-mediated sonodynamic therapy can successfully convert a hypoimmunogenic cold tumor to a hot one and further facilitate the multivalent blocking of programed death ligand(PD-L1)by anti-PD-L1 peptides.Such an advanced nanosystem could effectively initiate the activation of antitumoral immune reactions and modulation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment,contributing to systemic antitumor effects to further inhibit the growth of distant tumors.
基金The authors acknowledge that this work was supported by the National Key R&D Program(Grant No.2020YFD1000101)Special Funds for the Construction of Industrial Technology System of Modern Agriculture(Citrus)(Grant No.CARS-26)+2 种基金Construction Project of Citrus Whole Course Mechanized Scientific Research Base(Agricultural Development Facility[2017]19)Hubei Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Action Project,Young Innovative Talents Project of General Colleges and Universities in Guangdong Province(Grant No.2018KQNCX311)Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Polytechnic College(Grant No.JXGG202030).
文摘To solve the problems of the traditional orchard conveyor,such as inflexible steering,a complex structure,poor stability and no power grid coverage,a remote-controlled rail conveyor powered by hydraulic pressure for mountainous orchards was designed and manufactured.Climbing stress analysis was carried out on a full-load trailer to obtain the maximum traction force,which met the requirement of the climbing slope of the transport mechanism.The key components of the conveyor were developed,such as the hydraulic transmission,the control system,safety protection devices,limiting devices,the throttle and decompression actuator,the counterweight tension and the battery.Through the theoretical calculations of key components,an orchard conveyor powered by diesel and hydraulic pressure was designed.Finally,the working performance of the transporter was tested through functionality,driving speed,system pressure and remote-controlled tests.The test results showed that the climbing angle of the transporter can reach 50°,the uphill load can reach 840 kg,the downhill load can reach 1100 kg,and the average running speed is 0.77 m/s;the driving speed ranges from 0.29 m/s to 1.08 m/s,and the system pressure ranges from 3.2 MPa to 10 MPa.The driving speed and system pressure are significantly affected by the load,and the remote control distance can reach 455 m.The technical specifications of the transporter meet all the design requirements,and the problem of stable operation of the transporter without power grid coverage has been addressed.The research results can well meet the practical application requirements of mountain orchard transportation without power grid coverage and provide theoretical reference for the design of key components of mountain orchard transportation machinery.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2017YFE0132200National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:5191160730,51873092,81921004,81802116+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2021A1515011633Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,Grant/Award Number:202102020705Outstanding Youths Development Scheme of Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Grant/Award Number:2018J002Tianjin Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,Grant/Award Number:19JCQJC61200。
文摘Detection and imaging of α-L-fucosidase(AFU)is of great value to understand its roles in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and tumor early diagnosis,but ideal assays are still lacking.Herein,a near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent biosensor(α-Fuc-DCM)was elaborately designed and synthesized for rapid and ratiometric detection of AFU activity in cells and HCC tumor mouse models.In the presence of AFU,this biosensor shows an enhancement in NIR emission in a ratiometric manner,which significantly improves the detection accuracy with the limit of detection as low as 4.8 mU/mL.Taking advantage of these merits,the activity of AFU in lysosomes could be visualized using ratiometric and NIR dual modality in living cells.Furthermore,its remarkable application for monitoring of endogenous AFU activity in HCC tumor-bearing mouse model is also demonstrated with bright fluorescence signal,which indicated that the biosensor could clearly monitor the liver tumor in the early stage.Importantly,the α-Fuc-DCM probe can be utilized to detect the AFU in serum from HCC patients.This strategy offers a promising biosensor system for early diagnosis of HCC and studying the roles of AFU in cancers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81801858)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M641676)the Applied Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province(201801D221408)。
文摘β-Glucuronidase(GUS)plays a key role in tumor initiation,metastasis,and progression,and thus,has been proposed as a promising cancer biomarker.In this study,we designed an enzyme-activatable near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent probe(DCM-βGlcA)for the rapid and accurate detection of GUS activity in vitro,in vivo and ex vivo.The DCM-βGlcA was prepared by linking a glucuronic acid residue to dicyanomethylene-4 H-pyran(DCM).This probe exhibited significant light-up NIR fluorescent signals at 680 nm after reacting with GUS and the Stokes shift could reach 150 nm.The DCM-βGlcA showed a high sensitivity toward GUS and an excellent linear relationship at concentrations ranging between 0 and 4 U L^(-1)(R^(2)=0.9974)with the limit of detection as low as 0.19 U L^(-1).We used the DCM-βGlcA to identify GUS serum levels in both cancer patients and healthy individuals with a similar accuracy as that of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)while being easier and faster to perform.Moreover,the DCM-βGlcA was used for tracking endogenous GUS in living cells,thereby discriminating GUSoverexpressed liver cancer from normal cells.Additionally,the DCM-βGlcA was able to detect and image endogenous GUS in liver cancer tissue and tumor-bearing mouse models.These findings demonstrate the potential of the DCM-βGlcA as a promising tool for detecting and monitoring GUS activity in preclinical applications.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFB2204202)。
文摘We describe a method of optical flow extraction for high-speed high-brightness targets based on a pulse array image sensor(PAIS).PAIS is a retina-like image sensor with pixels triggered by light;it can convert light into a series of pulse intervals.This method can obtain optical flow from pulse data directly by accumulating continuous pulses.The triggered points can be used to filter redundant data when the target is brighter than the background.The method takes full advantage of the rapid response of PAIS to high-brightness targets.We applied this method to extract the optical flow of high-speed turntables with different background brightness,with the sensor model and actual data,respectively.Under the sampling condition of 2×10^(4) frames/s,the optical flow could be extracted from a high-speed turntable rotating at 1000 r/min.More than 90%of redundant points could be filtered by our method.Experimental results showed that the optical flow extraction algorithm based on pulse data can extract the optical flow information of high-brightness objects efficiently without the need to reconstruct images.
