Over the past two decades,our understanding of Lauraceae,a large family of woody plants,has undergone significant advances in phylogeny,taxonomy,and biogeography.Molecular systematic studies have elucidated the basic ...Over the past two decades,our understanding of Lauraceae,a large family of woody plants,has undergone significant advances in phylogeny,taxonomy,and biogeography.Molecular systematic studies have elucidated the basic relationships within the family with plastid phylogenomic analyses providing robust support for deep-level relationships between Lauraceae lineages,leading to the recognition of nine tribes:Hypodaphnideae,Cryptocaryeae,Cassytheae,Neocinnamomeae,Caryodaphnopsideae,Mezilaureae,Perseeae,Laureae,and Cinnamomeae,with Mezilaureae validated here.Nuclear genomes and comparative genomics studies have also clarified aspects of the family’s evolutionary history and metabolic diversity.Taxonomic studies have focused mainly on the most diverse regions,e.g.,tropical Asia,tropical America,and Africa(Madagascar),with six new genera described and five reinstated since the last major overview of the family.The extensive fossil record suggests that Lauraceae diversified globally during the Late Cretaceous and Early Cenozoic.Biogeographic studies indicate that different lineages of the family are sorted into Gondwanan and Laurasian lineages,with patterns resulting from the disruption of boreotropical flora and multiple long-distance dispersal events.Phylogeographic studies,predominantly from East Asia,have shown patterns of in situ survival and demographic stability or expansion during the Quaternary.Nevertheless,many systematic relationships within the family remain unresolved and further research is needed into the complex biogeographic history and ecological roles of Lauraceae.A multifaceted approach integrating genomic studies,field work,morphological and ecological investigations is therefore needed to understand the evolution and diversity of this ecologically and economically significant plant family.展开更多
Leveling process plays an important role in delivering the desired material properties and product standards.An analytical method for the rotational leveling process of bars was presented.First,each cross section of t...Leveling process plays an important role in delivering the desired material properties and product standards.An analytical method for the rotational leveling process of bars was presented.First,each cross section of the bar in the leveling area was discretized with the roller gap-curvature relations established in both planes XYand XZ.Second,a numerical procedure with two steps was developed to simulate both pressing and leveling processes.This approach can be easily implemented to produce simulation results of the curvature and trajectory distributions during the leveling process,as well as the bending and residual stresses.It is found that curvature and trajectory distributions follow a sine-shape due to the characteristic of rotational movement,which also results in a helical pattern of residual stress after leveling.Based on the results obtained,it is also observed that the rotational movement is beneficial for adding the number of bending cycle.This is the reason why there are only a few pairs of rollers on the bar leveler.展开更多
Background:Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata(RRP,Shu Dihuang in Cinese)is a traditional Chinese herb with multiple pharmacological effects and is commonly used to treat blood deficiency syndrome,such as cancer-related anemi...Background:Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata(RRP,Shu Dihuang in Cinese)is a traditional Chinese herb with multiple pharmacological effects and is commonly used to treat blood deficiency syndrome,such as cancer-related anemia(CRA),alone or in combination with other herbs.However,its main active ingredients and mechanisms of action in treating CRA remain unknown.This study aims to elucidate RRP’s potential mechanism and main active components in treating CRA by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology system.Methods:The main components of RRP were obtained by the TCMSP database and literature search,and active components and potential targets were obtained by the SwissADME and SwissTargetPridiction databases.CRA targets were collected through GeneCards,DisGeNET,and DrugBank databases.Protein-protein interaction networks of potential targets were constructed via STRING 11.5 and analyzed visually with Cytoscape 3.9.1.The Metascape platform was used for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis,which were subsequently visualized with Cytoscape 3.9.1 or SangerBox platform.Moreover,Autodock Vina was used for the molecular docking of potential targets and main active ingredients that were visualized with PyMOL software.Results:In this study,31 main active ingredients of PPR were screened,and 155 related targets related to CRA were unearthed.Protein-protein interaction results showed that PPR’s core proteins for CRA intervention correlate to STAT3,SRC,MAPK3,MAPK1,PIK3R1,PIK3CA,and AKT.Multiple signaling pathways were closely related to the treatment of CRA intervened by PPR,including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway,TNF-αsignaling,cytokine signaling pathway and NF-kappB signaling pathway,which are closely involved in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cell and inflammatory response.Molecular docking results showed that these potential targets had good conformation with the core active components of RRP for treating CRA.Conclusion:This study revealed RRP’s main active components and potential molecular mechanisms in treating CRA,providing a reference for subsequent basic research.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970222,31770569,31500454,31500165,32260060,32270217,32260056,31970223,32400180)the Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(2017FY100100,2017FY100102)+7 种基金Biodiversity Conservation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZSSD-013)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2601200,2023YFF0805800)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202201AS070055,202301AU070224)the 14th Five-Year Plan of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences(XTBG-1450101)Australian Research Council grant(DP130104314)RSNZ Marsden grant(11-UOO-043)Xingdian Talent Support Program(XDRC-QNRC-2022-0323)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2022QC214).
文摘Over the past two decades,our understanding of Lauraceae,a large family of woody plants,has undergone significant advances in phylogeny,taxonomy,and biogeography.Molecular systematic studies have elucidated the basic relationships within the family with plastid phylogenomic analyses providing robust support for deep-level relationships between Lauraceae lineages,leading to the recognition of nine tribes:Hypodaphnideae,Cryptocaryeae,Cassytheae,Neocinnamomeae,Caryodaphnopsideae,Mezilaureae,Perseeae,Laureae,and Cinnamomeae,with Mezilaureae validated here.Nuclear genomes and comparative genomics studies have also clarified aspects of the family’s evolutionary history and metabolic diversity.Taxonomic studies have focused mainly on the most diverse regions,e.g.,tropical Asia,tropical America,and Africa(Madagascar),with six new genera described and five reinstated since the last major overview of the family.The extensive fossil record suggests that Lauraceae diversified globally during the Late Cretaceous and Early Cenozoic.Biogeographic studies indicate that different lineages of the family are sorted into Gondwanan and Laurasian lineages,with patterns resulting from the disruption of boreotropical flora and multiple long-distance dispersal events.Phylogeographic studies,predominantly from East Asia,have shown patterns of in situ survival and demographic stability or expansion during the Quaternary.Nevertheless,many systematic relationships within the family remain unresolved and further research is needed into the complex biogeographic history and ecological roles of Lauraceae.A multifaceted approach integrating genomic studies,field work,morphological and ecological investigations is therefore needed to understand the evolution and diversity of this ecologically and economically significant plant family.
文摘Leveling process plays an important role in delivering the desired material properties and product standards.An analytical method for the rotational leveling process of bars was presented.First,each cross section of the bar in the leveling area was discretized with the roller gap-curvature relations established in both planes XYand XZ.Second,a numerical procedure with two steps was developed to simulate both pressing and leveling processes.This approach can be easily implemented to produce simulation results of the curvature and trajectory distributions during the leveling process,as well as the bending and residual stresses.It is found that curvature and trajectory distributions follow a sine-shape due to the characteristic of rotational movement,which also results in a helical pattern of residual stress after leveling.Based on the results obtained,it is also observed that the rotational movement is beneficial for adding the number of bending cycle.This is the reason why there are only a few pairs of rollers on the bar leveler.
基金supported by the program for academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University(No.2019LJ003)the Innovation Team of Shandong Higher School Youth Innovation Technology Program(2022KJ197).
文摘Background:Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata(RRP,Shu Dihuang in Cinese)is a traditional Chinese herb with multiple pharmacological effects and is commonly used to treat blood deficiency syndrome,such as cancer-related anemia(CRA),alone or in combination with other herbs.However,its main active ingredients and mechanisms of action in treating CRA remain unknown.This study aims to elucidate RRP’s potential mechanism and main active components in treating CRA by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology system.Methods:The main components of RRP were obtained by the TCMSP database and literature search,and active components and potential targets were obtained by the SwissADME and SwissTargetPridiction databases.CRA targets were collected through GeneCards,DisGeNET,and DrugBank databases.Protein-protein interaction networks of potential targets were constructed via STRING 11.5 and analyzed visually with Cytoscape 3.9.1.The Metascape platform was used for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis,which were subsequently visualized with Cytoscape 3.9.1 or SangerBox platform.Moreover,Autodock Vina was used for the molecular docking of potential targets and main active ingredients that were visualized with PyMOL software.Results:In this study,31 main active ingredients of PPR were screened,and 155 related targets related to CRA were unearthed.Protein-protein interaction results showed that PPR’s core proteins for CRA intervention correlate to STAT3,SRC,MAPK3,MAPK1,PIK3R1,PIK3CA,and AKT.Multiple signaling pathways were closely related to the treatment of CRA intervened by PPR,including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway,TNF-αsignaling,cytokine signaling pathway and NF-kappB signaling pathway,which are closely involved in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cell and inflammatory response.Molecular docking results showed that these potential targets had good conformation with the core active components of RRP for treating CRA.Conclusion:This study revealed RRP’s main active components and potential molecular mechanisms in treating CRA,providing a reference for subsequent basic research.
