Repairing osteochondral defects remains a clinical hurdle,primarily attributed to the unique hierarchical anatomical structure of osteochondral tissue and the complex structural-functional heterogeneities of the bone-...Repairing osteochondral defects remains a clinical hurdle,primarily attributed to the unique hierarchical anatomical structure of osteochondral tissue and the complex structural-functional heterogeneities of the bone-cartilage interface.Conventional strategies for osteochondral defect repair,however,suffer from inherent limitations.By retaining the native extracellular matrix(ECM),decellularized constructs can recapitulate the 3D porous architecture and compositional-mechanical gradient of osteochondral tissue.Integrated xenogeneic osteochondral decellularized scaffolds have thus emerged as a research hotspot in defect repair,owing to their superior structural biomimicry and retention of native tissue bioactivity.This review first systematically outlines current osteochondral decellularization technologies and key in vitro evaluation indices.Furthermore,it summarizes the in vivo repair efficacy of such scaffolds in preclinical animal models.Ultimately,it highlights key challenges in current research,including residual immunogenicity and mismatched degradation rates of materials,and discusses the potential applications of gene editing and dynamic mechanical stimulation.This review aims to provide insights into the technological optimization and clinical translation of integrated xenogeneic osteochondral decellularized scaffolds,thereby facilitating the clinical implementation of osteochondral defect repair strategies.展开更多
It has been well recognized that the development and use of artificial materials with high osteogenic ability is one of the most promising means to replace bone grafting that has exhibited various negative effects.The...It has been well recognized that the development and use of artificial materials with high osteogenic ability is one of the most promising means to replace bone grafting that has exhibited various negative effects.The biomimetic features and unique physiochemical properties of nanomaterials play important roles in stimulating cellular functions and guiding tissue regeneration.But efficacy degree of some nanomaterials to promote specific tissue formation is still not clear.We hereby comparatively studied the osteogenic ability of our treated multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MCNTs)and the main inorganic mineral component of natural bone,nano-hydroxyapatite(nHA)in the same system,and tried to tell the related mechanism.In vitro culture of human adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells(HASCs)on the MCNTs and nHA demonstrated that although there was no significant difference in the cell adhesion amount between on the MCNTs and nHA,the cell attachment strength and proliferation on the MCNTs were better.Most importantly,the MCNTs could induce osteogenic differentiation of the HASCs better than the nHA,the possible mechanism of which was found to be that the MCNTs could activate Notch involved signaling pathways by concentrating more proteins,including specific bone-inducing ones.Moreover,the MCNTs could induce ectopic bone formation in vivo while the nHA could not,which might be because MCNTs could stimulate inducible cells in tissues to form inductive bone better than nHA by concentrating more proteins including specific bone-inducing ones secreted from M2 macrophages.Therefore,MCNTs might be more effective materials for accelerating bone formation even than nHA.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(Nos.32171345,32571560)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(No.L248028)+2 种基金the Beijing Nova Programme Interdisciplinary Cooperation Project,China(No.20230484464)the Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation,China(No.141039)the International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology and Medical Engineering,Ministry of Science and Technology of China,China and the 111 Project,China(No.B13003).
文摘Repairing osteochondral defects remains a clinical hurdle,primarily attributed to the unique hierarchical anatomical structure of osteochondral tissue and the complex structural-functional heterogeneities of the bone-cartilage interface.Conventional strategies for osteochondral defect repair,however,suffer from inherent limitations.By retaining the native extracellular matrix(ECM),decellularized constructs can recapitulate the 3D porous architecture and compositional-mechanical gradient of osteochondral tissue.Integrated xenogeneic osteochondral decellularized scaffolds have thus emerged as a research hotspot in defect repair,owing to their superior structural biomimicry and retention of native tissue bioactivity.This review first systematically outlines current osteochondral decellularization technologies and key in vitro evaluation indices.Furthermore,it summarizes the in vivo repair efficacy of such scaffolds in preclinical animal models.Ultimately,it highlights key challenges in current research,including residual immunogenicity and mismatched degradation rates of materials,and discusses the potential applications of gene editing and dynamic mechanical stimulation.This review aims to provide insights into the technological optimization and clinical translation of integrated xenogeneic osteochondral decellularized scaffolds,thereby facilitating the clinical implementation of osteochondral defect repair strategies.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31771042)Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation(No.141039)+1 种基金State Key Laboratory of New Ceramic and Fine Processing Tsinghua University,Fund of Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education(No.2020AML10)International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology and Medical Engineering,Ministry of Science and Technology of China,and the 111 Project(No.B13003).
文摘It has been well recognized that the development and use of artificial materials with high osteogenic ability is one of the most promising means to replace bone grafting that has exhibited various negative effects.The biomimetic features and unique physiochemical properties of nanomaterials play important roles in stimulating cellular functions and guiding tissue regeneration.But efficacy degree of some nanomaterials to promote specific tissue formation is still not clear.We hereby comparatively studied the osteogenic ability of our treated multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MCNTs)and the main inorganic mineral component of natural bone,nano-hydroxyapatite(nHA)in the same system,and tried to tell the related mechanism.In vitro culture of human adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells(HASCs)on the MCNTs and nHA demonstrated that although there was no significant difference in the cell adhesion amount between on the MCNTs and nHA,the cell attachment strength and proliferation on the MCNTs were better.Most importantly,the MCNTs could induce osteogenic differentiation of the HASCs better than the nHA,the possible mechanism of which was found to be that the MCNTs could activate Notch involved signaling pathways by concentrating more proteins,including specific bone-inducing ones.Moreover,the MCNTs could induce ectopic bone formation in vivo while the nHA could not,which might be because MCNTs could stimulate inducible cells in tissues to form inductive bone better than nHA by concentrating more proteins including specific bone-inducing ones secreted from M2 macrophages.Therefore,MCNTs might be more effective materials for accelerating bone formation even than nHA.
