Estimating the global state of a networked system is an important problem in many application domains.The classical approach to tackling this problem is the periodic(observation)method,which is inefficient because it ...Estimating the global state of a networked system is an important problem in many application domains.The classical approach to tackling this problem is the periodic(observation)method,which is inefficient because it often observes states at a very high frequency.This inefficiency has motivated the idea of event-based method,which leverages the evolution dynamics in question and makes observations only when some rules are triggered(i.e.,only when certain conditions hold).This paper initiates the investigation of using the event-based method to estimate the equilibrium in the new application domain of cybersecurity,where equilibrium is an important metric that has no closed-form solutions.More specifically,the paper presents an event-based method for estimating cybersecurity equilibrium in the preventive and reactive cyber defense dynamics,which has been proven globally convergent.The presented study proves that the estimated equilibrium from our trigger rule i)indeed converges to the equilibrium of the dynamics and ii)is Zeno-free,which assures the usefulness of the event-based method.Numerical examples show that the event-based method can reduce 98%of the observation cost incurred by the periodic method.In order to use the event-based method in practice,this paper investigates how to bridge the gap between i)the continuous state in the dynamics model,which is dubbed probability-state because it measures the probability that a node is in the secure or compromised state,and ii)the discrete state that is often encountered in practice,dubbed sample-state because it is sampled from some nodes.This bridge may be of independent value because probability-state models have been widely used to approximate exponentially-many discrete state systems.展开更多
I.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY next-generation,high-intensity electron-positron collider"Higgs factory",such as the Circular Electron-Positron Collider(CEPC),is among the highest priorities for the global high-energy c...I.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY next-generation,high-intensity electron-positron collider"Higgs factory",such as the Circular Electron-Positron Collider(CEPC),is among the highest priorities for the global high-energy collider physics community.The CEPC can provide unprecedented opportunities for making fundamental discoveries and providing decisive insights in the quest for a"New Standard Model(SM)"of nature's fundamental interactions.The CEPC could:·Identify the origin of matter,especially the mechanism related to the first-order phase transition in the early Universe,which could produce a detectable gravitational wave signal.展开更多
Correction to:Radiation Detection Technology and Methods(2024)8:1-1105.https://doi.org/10.1007/s41605-024-00463-y.In this article all authors name was missing in the springer link.It has been corrected.The original ar...Correction to:Radiation Detection Technology and Methods(2024)8:1-1105.https://doi.org/10.1007/s41605-024-00463-y.In this article all authors name was missing in the springer link.It has been corrected.The original article has been corrected.展开更多
The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 3...The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.展开更多
In this work,we generate gauge configurations with N_(f)=2 dynamical charm quarks on anisotropic lattices.The mass shift of 1S and 1P charmonia due to the charm quark annihilation effect can be investigated directly i...In this work,we generate gauge configurations with N_(f)=2 dynamical charm quarks on anisotropic lattices.The mass shift of 1S and 1P charmonia due to the charm quark annihilation effect can be investigated directly in a manner of unitary theory.The distillation method is adopted to treat the charm quark annihilation diagrams at a very precise level.For 1S charmonia,the charm quark annihilation effect barely changes the J/ψmass,but lifts theη_(c) mass by approximately 3-4 MeV.For 1P charmonia,this effect results in positive mass shifts of approximately 1 MeV for χ_(c)1 and h_(c),but decreases the χ_(c)2 mass by approximately 3 MeV.We did not obtain a reliable result for the mass shift of χ_(c)0.In addition,we observed that the spin averaged mass of the spin-triplet 1P charmonia is in good agreement with h_(c),as expected by the non-relativistic quark model and measured by experiments.展开更多
Pyridaben(PY)is a widely used organochlorine acaricide,which can be detected in the peripheral blood of pregnant women.Available evidence suggests that PY has reproductive toxicity.However,it remains uncertain whether...Pyridaben(PY)is a widely used organochlorine acaricide,which can be detected in the peripheral blood of pregnant women.Available evidence suggests that PY has reproductive toxicity.However,it remains uncertain whether prenatal PY exposure impacts neurobehavioral development in offspring.Here,we administered PY to pregnant mice at a dose of 0.5 and 5 mg kg^(-1)day^(-1)via gavage and observed anxietylike behaviors in PY offspring aged five weeks.We then integrated the metabolome and transcriptome of the offspring's brain to explore the underlying mechanism.Metabolome data indicated that the vitamin B6 metabolism pathway was significantly affected,and the pyridoxal 50-phosphate(PLP)concentration and the active form of vitamin B6 was significantly reduced.Moreover,the transcriptome data showed that both PLP generation-related Pdxk and anxiety-related Gad1 were significantly down-regulated.Meanwhile,there was a decreasing trend in the concentration of GABA in the hippocampal DG region.Next,we supplemented PLP at a dose of 20 mg kg^(-1)day^(-1)to the PY offspring via intraperitoneal injection at three weeks.We found up-regulated expression of Pdxk and Gad1 and restored anxiety-like behaviors.This study suggests that prenatal exposure to PY can disrupt vitamin B6 metabolism,reduce the concentration of PLP,down-regulate the expression levels of Pdxk and Gad1,inhibit the production of GABA,and ultimately lead to anxiety-like behaviors in offspring.展开更多
On a lattice with 2+1-flavor dynamical domain-wall fermions at the physical pion mass,we calculate the decay constants of D_s^(*) , D^(*) ,and φ .The lattice size is 48^3×96 ,which corresponds to a spatial exten...On a lattice with 2+1-flavor dynamical domain-wall fermions at the physical pion mass,we calculate the decay constants of D_s^(*) , D^(*) ,and φ .The lattice size is 48^3×96 ,which corresponds to a spatial extension of -5.5 fm,with a lattice spacing of a\approx a≈0.114 fm.For the valence light,strange,and charm quarks,we use overlap fermions at several mass points close to their physical values.Our results at the physical point are f_(D)=213(5) MeV, f_(D)_(s)=249(7) MeV, f_(D)^(*)=234(6) MeV, f_(D)_(s)^(*)=274(7) MeV,and f_(D)_(s)=241(9) MeV.The couplings of D^(*) and D_s^(*) to the tensor current( f_(V)^(T) )can be derived from ratios f_(D)^(*)^T/f_(D)^(*)=0.91(4) and f_(D)_(s)^(*)^T/f_(D)_(s)^(*)=0.92(4) ,respectively,which are the first lattice quantum chromodynamics(QCD)results.We also obtain ratios f_(D)^(*)/f_(D)=1.10(3) and f_(D)_(s)^(*)/f_(D)_(s)=1.10(4) ,which reflect the size of heavy quark symmetry breaking in charmed mesons.Ratios f_(D)_(s)/f_(D)=1.16(3) and f_(D)_(s)^(*)/f_(D)^(*)=1.17(3) can be taken as a measure of SU(3)flavor symmetry breaking.展开更多
Decay constants of pseudoscalar mesons D,D_(s),η_(c) and vector mesons D^(*),D_(s)^(*),J/ψ are determined from the N_(f)=2+1 lattice QCD at a lattice spacing a~0.08 fm.For vector mesons,the decay constants defined b...Decay constants of pseudoscalar mesons D,D_(s),η_(c) and vector mesons D^(*),D_(s)^(*),J/ψ are determined from the N_(f)=2+1 lattice QCD at a lattice spacing a~0.08 fm.For vector mesons,the decay constants defined by tensor currents are given in the MS scheme at 2 GeV.The calculation is performed on domain wall fermion configurations generated by the RBC-UKQCD collaborations and the overlap fermion action is used for the valence quarks.Comparing the current results with our previous results at a coarser lattice spacing a ~0.11 fm provides a better understanding of the discretization error.We obtain f_(D_(s)^(*))^(T)(MS,2 GeV)/f_(D_(s)^(*))=0.909(18)with a better precision than our previous result.Combining our f_(D_(s)^(*))=277(11)MeV with the total width of D_(s)^(*) determined in a recent study gives a branching fraction 4.26(52)×10^(-5) for D_(s)^(*) leptonic decay.展开更多
We calculate the form factor M(q^(2))for the Dalitz decay J/ψ→γ*(q^(2))η(N_(f)=1)with η(N_(f))being the SU(N_(f))flavor singlet pseudoscalar meson.The difference among the partial widths Г(J/ψ→γη(N_(f)))at d...We calculate the form factor M(q^(2))for the Dalitz decay J/ψ→γ*(q^(2))η(N_(f)=1)with η(N_(f))being the SU(N_(f))flavor singlet pseudoscalar meson.The difference among the partial widths Г(J/ψ→γη(N_(f)))at different N_(f) can be attributed in part to the N_(f) and quark mass dependences induced by the U_(A)(1)anomaly dominance.M(q^(2))in both N_(f)=1,2 is well described by the single pole model M(q^(2))=M(0)/(1-q^(2)/Λ^(2)).Combined with the known experimental results of the Dalitz decays J/ψ-Pe^(+)e^(−),the pseudoscalar mass mp dependence of the pole parameter A is approximated byΛ(m^(2)_(p))=Λ_(1)(1-m^(2)_(p)/Λ_(2))withΛ_(1)=2.65(5)GeV andΛ_(2)=2.90(35)GeV.These results provide inputs for future theoretical and experimental studies on the Dalitz decays J/ψ→Pe^(+)e^(−).展开更多
We investigated the Talbot effect in an anti-parity-time(PT)symmetric synthetic photonic lattice composed of two coupled fiber loops.We calculated the band structures and found that with an increase in the gain-loss p...We investigated the Talbot effect in an anti-parity-time(PT)symmetric synthetic photonic lattice composed of two coupled fiber loops.We calculated the band structures and found that with an increase in the gain-loss parameter,the band transitions from a real spectrum to a complex spectrum.We study the influence of phase in the Hermitian operator on the Talbot effect,and the Talbot effect disappears when the period of the input field is N>8.Further study shows that the variation of Talbot distance can also be modulated by non-Hermitian coefficients of gain and loss.This work may find significant applications in pulse repetition-rate multiplication,temporal invisibility,and tunable intensity amplifiers.展开更多
The internal structures of J^(PC)=1^(--),(0,1,2)^(-+)charmonium-like hybrids are investigated under lattice QCD in the quenched approximation.We define the Bethe-Salpeter wave function(Φn(r))in the Coulomb gauge as t...The internal structures of J^(PC)=1^(--),(0,1,2)^(-+)charmonium-like hybrids are investigated under lattice QCD in the quenched approximation.We define the Bethe-Salpeter wave function(Φn(r))in the Coulomb gauge as the matrix element of a spatially extended hybrid-like operator(ccg)between the vacuum and n-th state for each J^(PC),with r being the spatial separation between a localized cc component and the chromomagnetic strength tensor.These wave functions exhibit some similarities for states with the aforementioned different quantum numbers,and their r-behaviors(no node for the ground states and one node for the first excited states)imply that r can be a meaningful dynamical variable for these states.Additionally,the mass splittings of the ground states and first excited states of charmonium-like hybrids in these channels are obtained for the first time to be approximately 1.2-1.4 GeV.These results do not support the flux-tube description of heavy-quarkonium-like hybrids in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation.In contrast,a charmonium-like hybrid can be viewed as a"color halo"charmonium for which a relatively localized color octet cc is surrounded by gluonic degrees of freedom,which can readily decay into a charmonium state along with one or more light hadrons.The color halo picture is compatible with the decay properties of Y(4260)and suggests LHCb and BelleⅡto search for(0,1,2)^(-+)charmonium-like hybrids inχ_(c0,1,2η) and J/ψω(φ)final states.展开更多
The strangeonium-like ss^-g hybrids are investigated from lattice QCD in the quenched approximation.In the Coulomb gauge,spatially extended operators are constructed for 1^--and(0,1,2)^-+states with the color octet ss...The strangeonium-like ss^-g hybrids are investigated from lattice QCD in the quenched approximation.In the Coulomb gauge,spatially extended operators are constructed for 1^--and(0,1,2)^-+states with the color octet ss^-component being separated from the chromomagnetic field strength by the spatial distance r,whose matrix elements between the vacuum and the corresponding states are interpreted as Bethe-Salpeter(BS)wave functions.In each of the(1,2)^-+channels,the masses and the BS wave functions are reliably derived.The 1^-+ground state mass is approximately 2.1-2.2 GeV,and that of 2^-+is approximately 2.3-2.4 GeV,whereas the mass of the first excited state is approximately 1.4 GeV higher.This mass splitting is much larger compared to that expected based on the phenomenological flux-tube model or constituent gluon model for hybrids,which is usually a few hundred MeV.The BS wave functions with respect to r exhibit clear radial nodal structures of a non-relativistic two-body system,which imply that r is a meaningful dynamical variable for these hybrids and motivate a color halo picture of hybrids,in which the color octet ss^-is surrounded by gluonic degrees of freedom.In the 1^--channel,the properties of the lowest two states are consistent with those ofФ(1020)andФ(1680).We did not obtain convincing information with respect toФ(2170).However,we argue that regardless of whetherФ(2170)is a conventional ss^-meson or a ss^-g hybrid in the color halo scenario,the ratio of partial decay widthsΓ(Фη)andΓ(Фη')observed by BESIII can be understood based on the mechanism of hadronic transition of a strangeonium-like meson in addition toη-η'mixing.展开更多
In this exploratory study,near-threshold scattering of D and■meson is investigated using lattice QCD with N f=2+1+1 twisted mass fermion configurations.The calculation is performed in the coupled-channel Lüscher...In this exploratory study,near-threshold scattering of D and■meson is investigated using lattice QCD with N f=2+1+1 twisted mass fermion configurations.The calculation is performed in the coupled-channel Lüscher finite-size formalism.The study focuses on the channel with IG(JPC)=1+(1+-)where the resonance-like structure Zc(3900)was discovered.We first identify the two most relevant channels and the lattice study is performed in the two-channel scattering model.Combined with the two-channel Ross-Shaw theory,scattering parameters are extracted from the energy levels by solving the generalized eigenvalue problem.Our results for the scattering length parameters suggest that for the particular lattice parameters that we studied,the best fit parameters do not correspond to the peak in the elastic scattering cross-section near the threshold.Furthermore,in the zero-range Ross-Shaw theory,the scenario of a narrow resonance close to the threshold is disfavored beyond the 3σlevel.展开更多
Self-healing in optics generally refers to the ability to reconstruct itself and restore the original state after encountering obstacles in the propagation of the light field.In this research,we observe the processes ...Self-healing in optics generally refers to the ability to reconstruct itself and restore the original state after encountering obstacles in the propagation of the light field.In this research,we observe the processes of the wave fields from perfect to defect in front of the focal plane of the 4f system,finally returning to an intact situation after the plane.According to simulations and experimental results,there is a minimum self-healing distance for the moirélattice field that positively associates with the radius of the defect[obstacle]in the nondiffracting transmission range.Furthermore,it is observed that the defect self-healing is a process of“repairing the center and then repairing the edges.”These findings can be applied in areas such as optical imaging,capture,and information processing.展开更多
It is bought to the authors'attention from a recent study[1]that,one should consider the final state photon exchange symmetry in the process of two-photon decay widths for various charmonia.This renders the form f...It is bought to the authors'attention from a recent study[1]that,one should consider the final state photon exchange symmetry in the process of two-photon decay widths for various charmonia.This renders the form factors in Eq.(23)-Eq.(26)of the original paper differ by a factor of two and the final decay width by a factor of four.Therefore,Eq.(23)-Eq.(26)now should read.展开更多
This exploratory study computes two-photon decay widths of pseudo-scalar(ηc)and scalar(χc0)charmonium using two ensembles of Nf=2 twisted mass lattice QCD gauge configurations.The simulation is performed using two l...This exploratory study computes two-photon decay widths of pseudo-scalar(ηc)and scalar(χc0)charmonium using two ensembles of Nf=2 twisted mass lattice QCD gauge configurations.The simulation is performed using two lattice ensembles with lattice spacings a=0.067 fm with size 323×64 and a=0.085 fm with size 243×48.The decay widths for the two charmonia are obtained within the expected ballpark,but are however smaller than the experimental ones.Possible reasons for these discrepancies are discussed.展开更多
The lowest-lying glueballs are investigated in lattice QCD using Nf = 2 clover Wilson fermions on anisotropic lattices. We simulate at two different and relatively heavy quark masses, corresponding to physical pion ma...The lowest-lying glueballs are investigated in lattice QCD using Nf = 2 clover Wilson fermions on anisotropic lattices. We simulate at two different and relatively heavy quark masses, corresponding to physical pion masses of mπ～938 MeV and 650 MeV. The quark mass dependence of the glueball masses has not been investigated in the present study. Only the gluonic operators built from Wilson loops are utilized in calculating the corresponding correlation functions. In the tensor channel, we obtain the ground state mass to be 2.363（39） GeV and 2.384（67）GeV at mπ～938 MeV and 650 MeV, respectively. In the pseudoscalar channel, when using the gluonic operator whose continuum limit has the form of ∈_ijkTrB_iD_jB_k, we obtain the ground state mass to be 2.573（55） GeV and 2.585（65） GeV at the two pion masses. These results are compatible with the corresponding results in the quenched approximation. In contrast, if we use the topological charge density as field operators for the pseudoscalar, the masses of the lowest state are much lighter（around 1 GeV） and compatible with the expected masses of the flavor singlet qq meson. This indicates that the operator ∈ijk TrBiDjBk and the topological charge density couple rather differently to the glueball states and qq mesons. The observation of the light flavor singlet pseudoscalar meson can be viewed as the manifestation of effects of dynamical quarks. In the scalar channel, the ground state masses extracted from the correlation functions of gluonic operators are determined to be around 1.4-1.5 GeV, which is close to the ground state masses from the correlation functions of the quark bilinear operators. In all cases, the mixing between glueballs and conventional mesons remains to be further clarified in the future.展开更多
We propose a strategy to access the qq component of the p resonance in lattice QCD. Through a mixed action formalism（overlap valence on domain wall sea）, the energy of the qq component is derived at different valenc...We propose a strategy to access the qq component of the p resonance in lattice QCD. Through a mixed action formalism（overlap valence on domain wall sea）, the energy of the qq component is derived at different valence quark masses, and shows a linear dependence on mπ^2. The slope is determined to be c1 =0.505（3）GeV^-1, from which the valence πρ sigma term is extracted to be σ（πρ）^val= 9.82（6） MeV using the Feynman-Hellman theorem. At the physical pion mass, the mass of the qq component is interpolated to be mρ = 775.9±6.0±1.8 MeV, which is close to the p resonance mass. We also obtain the leptonic decay constant of the qq component to be fρ-=208.5±5.5±0.9 MeV, which can be compared with the experimental value fρ^exp≈221 MeV through the relation fρ^exp=（1/2）Zfρ±, with Zρ≈1.13 being the on-shell wavefunction renormalization of p owing to the ρ-π interaction. We emphasize that mρand fρ of the qq component, which are obtained for the first time from QCD, can be taken as the input parameters of p in effective field theory studies where p acts as a fundamental degree of freedom.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(62072111)。
文摘Estimating the global state of a networked system is an important problem in many application domains.The classical approach to tackling this problem is the periodic(observation)method,which is inefficient because it often observes states at a very high frequency.This inefficiency has motivated the idea of event-based method,which leverages the evolution dynamics in question and makes observations only when some rules are triggered(i.e.,only when certain conditions hold).This paper initiates the investigation of using the event-based method to estimate the equilibrium in the new application domain of cybersecurity,where equilibrium is an important metric that has no closed-form solutions.More specifically,the paper presents an event-based method for estimating cybersecurity equilibrium in the preventive and reactive cyber defense dynamics,which has been proven globally convergent.The presented study proves that the estimated equilibrium from our trigger rule i)indeed converges to the equilibrium of the dynamics and ii)is Zeno-free,which assures the usefulness of the event-based method.Numerical examples show that the event-based method can reduce 98%of the observation cost incurred by the periodic method.In order to use the event-based method in practice,this paper investigates how to bridge the gap between i)the continuous state in the dynamics model,which is dubbed probability-state because it measures the probability that a node is in the secure or compromised state,and ii)the discrete state that is often encountered in practice,dubbed sample-state because it is sampled from some nodes.This bridge may be of independent value because probability-state models have been widely used to approximate exponentially-many discrete state systems.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(11905162,12035008,12075097,12075123,12090060,12090064,12105248,12135006,12175039,12205227,12205312,12205387,12205171,12235008,12321005,12235001,12305094,12305115,12335005,12375091,12375094,12375096,11975129,12375194,12447167,12475094,12475101,12475106,12475111,12425506,12375101,12405119,12405101,12505121,12135007,12175218,12075213,12335005,12175243,12533001,12125503,12305103,12505120,12575099,12505122,12342502,12575106,12147214,W2432006,W2441004)the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFA1610603)+22 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M732255,2025M773403,GZC20231613)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210201)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan(Distinguished Young Scholars of Henan Province)(242300421046)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2025ZNSFSC0880)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(2020B0301030008)the Department of Science and Technology of Shandong province(tsqn202312052,2024HWYQ-005)the Startup Research Fund of Henan Academy of Sciences(20251820001)the Excellent Young Talents Program of Wuhan University of Technology(40122102)the research program of the Wuhan University of Technology(3120625397,2020IB024)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JZ2023HGTB0222,WUT:2022IVA052)the Excellent Scholar Project of Southeast University(Class A)the Big Data Computing Center of Southeast University,National Science and Technology Council,the Ministry of Education(Higher Education Sprout Project NTU-114L104022-1)the Center for Theoretical Sciences of Taiwan,and Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development(NAFOSTED)(103.01-2023.50)the Research Office of the University of the Witwatersrand and South African Department of Science and Innovation through the SA-CERN programthe self-determined research funds of Central China Normal University from the colleges'basic research and operation of MOE(CCNU24AI003)SJTU Double First Class start-up fund(WF220442604)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(2021KJXX-47)the Slovenian Research Agency under the research core funding No.P1-0035,the research grants J1-3013,N1-0253,CONICET,ANPCyT under project(PICT-2021-00374)Higher Education Sprout Project(NTU-114L104022-1)KIAS Individual Grants(PG086002)at the Korea Institute for Advanced Study,FAPESP(2021/09547-9)the Slovenian Research Agency under the research core funding(P1-0035)research grants J1-3013,N1-0253the bilateral project Proteus PR-12696/Projet 50194VC。
文摘I.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY next-generation,high-intensity electron-positron collider"Higgs factory",such as the Circular Electron-Positron Collider(CEPC),is among the highest priorities for the global high-energy collider physics community.The CEPC can provide unprecedented opportunities for making fundamental discoveries and providing decisive insights in the quest for a"New Standard Model(SM)"of nature's fundamental interactions.The CEPC could:·Identify the origin of matter,especially the mechanism related to the first-order phase transition in the early Universe,which could produce a detectable gravitational wave signal.
文摘Correction to:Radiation Detection Technology and Methods(2024)8:1-1105.https://doi.org/10.1007/s41605-024-00463-y.In this article all authors name was missing in the springer link.It has been corrected.The original article has been corrected.
基金support from diverse funding sources,including the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),Yifang Wang's Science Studio of the Ten Thousand Talents Project,the CAS Key Foreign Cooperation Grant,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,the CAS Focused Science Grant,the IHEP Innovation Grant,the CAS Lead Special Training Programthe CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics,the CAS International Partnership Program,and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.
文摘The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB34030302)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0406400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(11935017,11775229,12075253,12070131001)(CRC 110 by DFG and NNSFC)。
文摘In this work,we generate gauge configurations with N_(f)=2 dynamical charm quarks on anisotropic lattices.The mass shift of 1S and 1P charmonia due to the charm quark annihilation effect can be investigated directly in a manner of unitary theory.The distillation method is adopted to treat the charm quark annihilation diagrams at a very precise level.For 1S charmonia,the charm quark annihilation effect barely changes the J/ψmass,but lifts theη_(c) mass by approximately 3-4 MeV.For 1P charmonia,this effect results in positive mass shifts of approximately 1 MeV for χ_(c)1 and h_(c),but decreases the χ_(c)2 mass by approximately 3 MeV.We did not obtain a reliable result for the mass shift of χ_(c)0.In addition,we observed that the spin averaged mass of the spin-triplet 1P charmonia is in good agreement with h_(c),as expected by the non-relativistic quark model and measured by experiments.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant number 2021YFC2701100 and 2021YFC2701102)China-U.S.Program for Biomedical Collaborative Research(NSFCNIH)(grant number 81961128022)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 81903351)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Pyridaben(PY)is a widely used organochlorine acaricide,which can be detected in the peripheral blood of pregnant women.Available evidence suggests that PY has reproductive toxicity.However,it remains uncertain whether prenatal PY exposure impacts neurobehavioral development in offspring.Here,we administered PY to pregnant mice at a dose of 0.5 and 5 mg kg^(-1)day^(-1)via gavage and observed anxietylike behaviors in PY offspring aged five weeks.We then integrated the metabolome and transcriptome of the offspring's brain to explore the underlying mechanism.Metabolome data indicated that the vitamin B6 metabolism pathway was significantly affected,and the pyridoxal 50-phosphate(PLP)concentration and the active form of vitamin B6 was significantly reduced.Moreover,the transcriptome data showed that both PLP generation-related Pdxk and anxiety-related Gad1 were significantly down-regulated.Meanwhile,there was a decreasing trend in the concentration of GABA in the hippocampal DG region.Next,we supplemented PLP at a dose of 20 mg kg^(-1)day^(-1)to the PY offspring via intraperitoneal injection at three weeks.We found up-regulated expression of Pdxk and Gad1 and restored anxiety-like behaviors.This study suggests that prenatal exposure to PY can disrupt vitamin B6 metabolism,reduce the concentration of PLP,down-regulate the expression levels of Pdxk and Gad1,inhibit the production of GABA,and ultimately lead to anxiety-like behaviors in offspring.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0203200)This work was prially supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(NSFC)(11935017)+2 种基金This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory,which is supported by the Office of Science of the Us.Department of Energy(DE-AC05000R22725)This work used Stampede time under the Extreme Science and Engineering Discowery Env ionment(XSEDE)which is suppoted by National Science Foundation(AC1-1053575)。
文摘On a lattice with 2+1-flavor dynamical domain-wall fermions at the physical pion mass,we calculate the decay constants of D_s^(*) , D^(*) ,and φ .The lattice size is 48^3×96 ,which corresponds to a spatial extension of -5.5 fm,with a lattice spacing of a\approx a≈0.114 fm.For the valence light,strange,and charm quarks,we use overlap fermions at several mass points close to their physical values.Our results at the physical point are f_(D)=213(5) MeV, f_(D)_(s)=249(7) MeV, f_(D)^(*)=234(6) MeV, f_(D)_(s)^(*)=274(7) MeV,and f_(D)_(s)=241(9) MeV.The couplings of D^(*) and D_s^(*) to the tensor current( f_(V)^(T) )can be derived from ratios f_(D)^(*)^T/f_(D)^(*)=0.91(4) and f_(D)_(s)^(*)^T/f_(D)_(s)^(*)=0.92(4) ,respectively,which are the first lattice quantum chromodynamics(QCD)results.We also obtain ratios f_(D)^(*)/f_(D)=1.10(3) and f_(D)_(s)^(*)/f_(D)_(s)=1.10(4) ,which reflect the size of heavy quark symmetry breaking in charmed mesons.Ratios f_(D)_(s)/f_(D)=1.16(3) and f_(D)_(s)^(*)/f_(D)^(*)=1.17(3) can be taken as a measure of SU(3)flavor symmetry breaking.
基金Supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0406400,2023YFA1606002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12075253,11935017,12192264,12293060,12293065,12293063,12070131001)+1 种基金CRC 110 by DFG and NNSFCsupported by the U.S.DOE Grant(DE-SC0013065)and DOE Grant(DEAC05-06OR23177),which is within the framework of the TMD Topical Collaboration。
文摘Decay constants of pseudoscalar mesons D,D_(s),η_(c) and vector mesons D^(*),D_(s)^(*),J/ψ are determined from the N_(f)=2+1 lattice QCD at a lattice spacing a~0.08 fm.For vector mesons,the decay constants defined by tensor currents are given in the MS scheme at 2 GeV.The calculation is performed on domain wall fermion configurations generated by the RBC-UKQCD collaborations and the overlap fermion action is used for the valence quarks.Comparing the current results with our previous results at a coarser lattice spacing a ~0.11 fm provides a better understanding of the discretization error.We obtain f_(D_(s)^(*))^(T)(MS,2 GeV)/f_(D_(s)^(*))=0.909(18)with a better precision than our previous result.Combining our f_(D_(s)^(*))=277(11)MeV with the total width of D_(s)^(*) determined in a recent study gives a branching fraction 4.26(52)×10^(-5) for D_(s)^(*) leptonic decay.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11935017,12293060,12293065,12293061,12293062,12293063,12075253,12192264,12175063,12205311,12070131001 (CRC 110 by DFG and NNSFC))the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0406400)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB34030302).
文摘We calculate the form factor M(q^(2))for the Dalitz decay J/ψ→γ*(q^(2))η(N_(f)=1)with η(N_(f))being the SU(N_(f))flavor singlet pseudoscalar meson.The difference among the partial widths Г(J/ψ→γη(N_(f)))at different N_(f) can be attributed in part to the N_(f) and quark mass dependences induced by the U_(A)(1)anomaly dominance.M(q^(2))in both N_(f)=1,2 is well described by the single pole model M(q^(2))=M(0)/(1-q^(2)/Λ^(2)).Combined with the known experimental results of the Dalitz decays J/ψ-Pe^(+)e^(−),the pseudoscalar mass mp dependence of the pole parameter A is approximated byΛ(m^(2)_(p))=Λ_(1)(1-m^(2)_(p)/Λ_(2))withΛ_(1)=2.65(5)GeV andΛ_(2)=2.90(35)GeV.These results provide inputs for future theoretical and experimental studies on the Dalitz decays J/ψ→Pe^(+)e^(−).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFA1404800 and 2019YFA0705000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12104272,12274270,91950104,12192254,92250304,and 11974218)the Local Science and Technology Development Project of the Central Government(No.YDZX20203700001766)。
文摘We investigated the Talbot effect in an anti-parity-time(PT)symmetric synthetic photonic lattice composed of two coupled fiber loops.We calculated the band structures and found that with an increase in the gain-loss parameter,the band transitions from a real spectrum to a complex spectrum.We study the influence of phase in the Hermitian operator on the Talbot effect,and the Talbot effect disappears when the period of the input field is N>8.Further study shows that the variation of Talbot distance can also be modulated by non-Hermitian coefficients of gain and loss.This work may find significant applications in pulse repetition-rate multiplication,temporal invisibility,and tunable intensity amplifiers.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0203202)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB34030302,XDC01040100)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11935017,11575196,11775229,12075253,12070131001)(CRC 110by DFG and NSFC)supported by the CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics(CCEPP)support of DOE(DE-AC05-06OR23177)。
文摘The internal structures of J^(PC)=1^(--),(0,1,2)^(-+)charmonium-like hybrids are investigated under lattice QCD in the quenched approximation.We define the Bethe-Salpeter wave function(Φn(r))in the Coulomb gauge as the matrix element of a spatially extended hybrid-like operator(ccg)between the vacuum and n-th state for each J^(PC),with r being the spatial separation between a localized cc component and the chromomagnetic strength tensor.These wave functions exhibit some similarities for states with the aforementioned different quantum numbers,and their r-behaviors(no node for the ground states and one node for the first excited states)imply that r can be a meaningful dynamical variable for these states.Additionally,the mass splittings of the ground states and first excited states of charmonium-like hybrids in these channels are obtained for the first time to be approximately 1.2-1.4 GeV.These results do not support the flux-tube description of heavy-quarkonium-like hybrids in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation.In contrast,a charmonium-like hybrid can be viewed as a"color halo"charmonium for which a relatively localized color octet cc is surrounded by gluonic degrees of freedom,which can readily decay into a charmonium state along with one or more light hadrons.The color halo picture is compatible with the decay properties of Y(4260)and suggests LHCb and BelleⅡto search for(0,1,2)^(-+)charmonium-like hybrids inχ_(c0,1,2η) and J/ψω(φ)final states.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0203202)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDC01040100,XDB34030302)+1 种基金the support of the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(11935017,11775229,11575196,11575197,11621131001)(CRC 110 by DFG and NSFC)supported by the CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics(CCEPP)。
文摘The strangeonium-like ss^-g hybrids are investigated from lattice QCD in the quenched approximation.In the Coulomb gauge,spatially extended operators are constructed for 1^--and(0,1,2)^-+states with the color octet ss^-component being separated from the chromomagnetic field strength by the spatial distance r,whose matrix elements between the vacuum and the corresponding states are interpreted as Bethe-Salpeter(BS)wave functions.In each of the(1,2)^-+channels,the masses and the BS wave functions are reliably derived.The 1^-+ground state mass is approximately 2.1-2.2 GeV,and that of 2^-+is approximately 2.3-2.4 GeV,whereas the mass of the first excited state is approximately 1.4 GeV higher.This mass splitting is much larger compared to that expected based on the phenomenological flux-tube model or constituent gluon model for hybrids,which is usually a few hundred MeV.The BS wave functions with respect to r exhibit clear radial nodal structures of a non-relativistic two-body system,which imply that r is a meaningful dynamical variable for these hybrids and motivate a color halo picture of hybrids,in which the color octet ss^-is surrounded by gluonic degrees of freedom.In the 1^--channel,the properties of the lowest two states are consistent with those ofФ(1020)andФ(1680).We did not obtain convincing information with respect toФ(2170).However,we argue that regardless of whetherФ(2170)is a conventional ss^-meson or a ss^-g hybrid in the color halo scenario,the ratio of partial decay widthsΓ(Фη)andΓ(Фη')observed by BESIII can be understood based on the mechanism of hadronic transition of a strangeonium-like meson in addition toη-η'mixing.
基金Supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(MSTC)under 973 project"Systematic studies on light hadron spectroscopy"(2015CB856702)supported in part by the DFG and the NSFC through funds provided to the Sino-Germen CRC 110"Symmetries and the Emergence of Structure in QCD",DFG grant no.TRR 110 and NSFC(11621131001)+2 种基金supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(11775229,11875169)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2015013)the support from the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDPB09)
文摘In this exploratory study,near-threshold scattering of D and■meson is investigated using lattice QCD with N f=2+1+1 twisted mass fermion configurations.The calculation is performed in the coupled-channel Lüscher finite-size formalism.The study focuses on the channel with IG(JPC)=1+(1+-)where the resonance-like structure Zc(3900)was discovered.We first identify the two most relevant channels and the lattice study is performed in the two-channel scattering model.Combined with the two-channel Ross-Shaw theory,scattering parameters are extracted from the energy levels by solving the generalized eigenvalue problem.Our results for the scattering length parameters suggest that for the particular lattice parameters that we studied,the best fit parameters do not correspond to the peak in the elastic scattering cross-section near the threshold.Furthermore,in the zero-range Ross-Shaw theory,the scenario of a narrow resonance close to the threshold is disfavored beyond the 3σlevel.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0705000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.12104272,12192254,91750201,and 11974218)+1 种基金the Innovation Group of Jinan(No.2018GXRC010)the Local Science and Technology Development Project of the Central Government(No.YDZX20203700001766)。
文摘Self-healing in optics generally refers to the ability to reconstruct itself and restore the original state after encountering obstacles in the propagation of the light field.In this research,we observe the processes of the wave fields from perfect to defect in front of the focal plane of the 4f system,finally returning to an intact situation after the plane.According to simulations and experimental results,there is a minimum self-healing distance for the moirélattice field that positively associates with the radius of the defect[obstacle]in the nondiffracting transmission range.Furthermore,it is observed that the defect self-healing is a process of“repairing the center and then repairing the edges.”These findings can be applied in areas such as optical imaging,capture,and information processing.
文摘It is bought to the authors'attention from a recent study[1]that,one should consider the final state photon exchange symmetry in the process of two-photon decay widths for various charmonia.This renders the form factors in Eq.(23)-Eq.(26)of the original paper differ by a factor of two and the final decay width by a factor of four.Therefore,Eq.(23)-Eq.(26)now should read.
基金supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(11335001,11275169,11405178,11935017,11575196,11875169,11775229)It is also supported in part by the DFG and the NSFC(11261130311)through funds provided to the Sino-Germen CRC 110 symmetries and the Emergence of Structure in QCD+1 种基金This work is also funded in part by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2015CB856700).M.Gong and Z.Liu are partially supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2013013).This work is also supported by the Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Pro-vincial Education Department(19JK0391)Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2019JM-001)。
文摘This exploratory study computes two-photon decay widths of pseudo-scalar(ηc)and scalar(χc0)charmonium using two ensembles of Nf=2 twisted mass lattice QCD gauge configurations.The simulation is performed using two lattice ensembles with lattice spacings a=0.067 fm with size 323×64 and a=0.085 fm with size 243×48.The decay widths for the two charmonia are obtained within the expected ballpark,but are however smaller than the experimental ones.Possible reasons for these discrepancies are discussed.
基金supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(11575196,11575197,11335001,11405053,11405178,11275169)the support of NSFC(11261130311)(CRC 110 by DFG and NSFC)+2 种基金the support by the CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics(CCEPP)funded in part by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2015CB856700)the support by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2015013)
文摘The lowest-lying glueballs are investigated in lattice QCD using Nf = 2 clover Wilson fermions on anisotropic lattices. We simulate at two different and relatively heavy quark masses, corresponding to physical pion masses of mπ～938 MeV and 650 MeV. The quark mass dependence of the glueball masses has not been investigated in the present study. Only the gluonic operators built from Wilson loops are utilized in calculating the corresponding correlation functions. In the tensor channel, we obtain the ground state mass to be 2.363（39） GeV and 2.384（67）GeV at mπ～938 MeV and 650 MeV, respectively. In the pseudoscalar channel, when using the gluonic operator whose continuum limit has the form of ∈_ijkTrB_iD_jB_k, we obtain the ground state mass to be 2.573（55） GeV and 2.585（65） GeV at the two pion masses. These results are compatible with the corresponding results in the quenched approximation. In contrast, if we use the topological charge density as field operators for the pseudoscalar, the masses of the lowest state are much lighter（around 1 GeV） and compatible with the expected masses of the flavor singlet qq meson. This indicates that the operator ∈ijk TrBiDjBk and the topological charge density couple rather differently to the glueball states and qq mesons. The observation of the light flavor singlet pseudoscalar meson can be viewed as the manifestation of effects of dynamical quarks. In the scalar channel, the ground state masses extracted from the correlation functions of gluonic operators are determined to be around 1.4-1.5 GeV, which is close to the ground state masses from the correlation functions of the quark bilinear operators. In all cases, the mixing between glueballs and conventional mesons remains to be further clarified in the future.
基金Supported in part by the U.S.DOE Grant No.DE-SC0013065the National Nature Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(11335001,11575196,11575197,11621131001)(CRC110 by DFG and NSFC)+3 种基金by the National Science Foundation CAREER(PHY-1151648)U.S.DOE(DE-FG02-95ER40907)CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics(CCEPP)for their supportused the resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory,which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S.Department of Energy(DE-AC05-00OR22725)
文摘We propose a strategy to access the qq component of the p resonance in lattice QCD. Through a mixed action formalism（overlap valence on domain wall sea）, the energy of the qq component is derived at different valence quark masses, and shows a linear dependence on mπ^2. The slope is determined to be c1 =0.505（3）GeV^-1, from which the valence πρ sigma term is extracted to be σ（πρ）^val= 9.82（6） MeV using the Feynman-Hellman theorem. At the physical pion mass, the mass of the qq component is interpolated to be mρ = 775.9±6.0±1.8 MeV, which is close to the p resonance mass. We also obtain the leptonic decay constant of the qq component to be fρ-=208.5±5.5±0.9 MeV, which can be compared with the experimental value fρ^exp≈221 MeV through the relation fρ^exp=（1/2）Zfρ±, with Zρ≈1.13 being the on-shell wavefunction renormalization of p owing to the ρ-π interaction. We emphasize that mρand fρ of the qq component, which are obtained for the first time from QCD, can be taken as the input parameters of p in effective field theory studies where p acts as a fundamental degree of freedom.
