Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significant...Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significantly expanded treatment options for NSCLC patients.These alterations include MET exon 14 skipping mutations(MET exon 14 skipping),MET gene amplifications,MET point mutations(primarily kinase domain mutations),and MET protein overexpression.Accurate identification of these alterations and appropriate selection of patient populations and targeted therapies are essential for improving clinical outcomes.The East China Lung Cancer Group,Youth Committee(ECLUNG YOUNG,Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group)has synthesized insights from China’s innovative drug development landscape and clinical practice to formulate an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients with MET alterations.This consensus addresses key areas,such as optimal testing timing,testing methods,testing strategies,quality control measures,and treatment approaches.By offering standardized recommendations,this guidance aims to streamline diagnostic and therapeutic processes and enhance clinical decision-making for NSCLC with MET alterations.展开更多
Objectives:Metastatic spread to the lung is one of the leading causes of fatal outcomes in thyroid cancer,but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.To investigate how exosomal microRNA-17-5p(miR-17-5p)pro...Objectives:Metastatic spread to the lung is one of the leading causes of fatal outcomes in thyroid cancer,but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.To investigate how exosomal microRNA-17-5p(miR-17-5p)promotes lung metastasis in thyroid cancer within the framework of the“seed and soil”hypothesis.Methods:Serum exosomes from thyroid cancer lung metastasis patients and controls were analyzed for miR-17,which was elevated in metastatic cases.miR-17 was transfected into embryonic lung fibroblasts(MRC-5),and their supernatants were cocultured with thyroid cancer cells(Cal62).Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using colony formation,Ki67 staining,and Transwell assays.Interleukin-6(IL-6)/interleukin-8(IL-8)levels and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)/nuclear factor kappa-B repressing factor(NKRF)expression were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA)and western blot.In vivo models verified the metastatic-promoting effect of miR-17.Results:miR-17-5p was significantly enriched in serum exosomes of metastatic patients.In MRC-5 cells,it suppressed NKRF,NF-κB signaling,and increased secretion of IL-6 and IL-8,enhancing Cal62 proliferation and migration.Animal experiments confirmed its role in promoting tumor growth and lung metastasis.Conclusions:Exosomal miR-17-5p remodels the pulmonary microenvironment into a pro-inflammatory niche,facilitating thyroid cancer colonization and offering a potential therapeutic target.展开更多
Cancer stands as one of the major threats to human life.Ensuring the safety of drugs is paramount,and the impact of adverse reactions on patients’quality of life and prognosis should not be underestimated.Diarrhea is...Cancer stands as one of the major threats to human life.Ensuring the safety of drugs is paramount,and the impact of adverse reactions on patients’quality of life and prognosis should not be underestimated.Diarrhea is a common clinical adverse event,and despite the absence of specific anti-diarrhea drugs,there is a pressing need for improvement.This article aims to provide a valuable reference for researchers in clinical drug use and scientific tumor treatment.It summarizes recent advancements in drug mechanisms and adverse reactions,whether in preclinical research or clinical diagnosis and therapy.展开更多
The BRAF gene is an important signaling molecule in human cells that is involved in the regulation of cell growth,differentiation,and survival.When the BRAF gene mutates,it can lead to abnormal activation of the signa...The BRAF gene is an important signaling molecule in human cells that is involved in the regulation of cell growth,differentiation,and survival.When the BRAF gene mutates,it can lead to abnormal activation of the signaling pathway,which promotes cell proliferation,inhibits cell apoptosis,and ultimately contributes to the occurrence and development of cancer.BRAF mutations are widely present in various cancers,including malignant melanoma,thyroid cancer,colorectal cancer,non-small cell lung cancer,and hairy cell leukemia,among others.BRAF is an important target for the treatment of various solid tumors,and targeted combination therapies,represented by BRAF inhibitors,have become one of the main treatment modalities for a variety of BRAF-mutation-positive solid tumors.展开更多
文摘Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significantly expanded treatment options for NSCLC patients.These alterations include MET exon 14 skipping mutations(MET exon 14 skipping),MET gene amplifications,MET point mutations(primarily kinase domain mutations),and MET protein overexpression.Accurate identification of these alterations and appropriate selection of patient populations and targeted therapies are essential for improving clinical outcomes.The East China Lung Cancer Group,Youth Committee(ECLUNG YOUNG,Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group)has synthesized insights from China’s innovative drug development landscape and clinical practice to formulate an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients with MET alterations.This consensus addresses key areas,such as optimal testing timing,testing methods,testing strategies,quality control measures,and treatment approaches.By offering standardized recommendations,this guidance aims to streamline diagnostic and therapeutic processes and enhance clinical decision-making for NSCLC with MET alterations.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82173125,81974374)General Support Projects of the Health Commission of Binhai New Area(2023BWKY024)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline Construction Project(TJYXZDXK044A).
文摘Objectives:Metastatic spread to the lung is one of the leading causes of fatal outcomes in thyroid cancer,but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.To investigate how exosomal microRNA-17-5p(miR-17-5p)promotes lung metastasis in thyroid cancer within the framework of the“seed and soil”hypothesis.Methods:Serum exosomes from thyroid cancer lung metastasis patients and controls were analyzed for miR-17,which was elevated in metastatic cases.miR-17 was transfected into embryonic lung fibroblasts(MRC-5),and their supernatants were cocultured with thyroid cancer cells(Cal62).Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using colony formation,Ki67 staining,and Transwell assays.Interleukin-6(IL-6)/interleukin-8(IL-8)levels and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)/nuclear factor kappa-B repressing factor(NKRF)expression were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA)and western blot.In vivo models verified the metastatic-promoting effect of miR-17.Results:miR-17-5p was significantly enriched in serum exosomes of metastatic patients.In MRC-5 cells,it suppressed NKRF,NF-κB signaling,and increased secretion of IL-6 and IL-8,enhancing Cal62 proliferation and migration.Animal experiments confirmed its role in promoting tumor growth and lung metastasis.Conclusions:Exosomal miR-17-5p remodels the pulmonary microenvironment into a pro-inflammatory niche,facilitating thyroid cancer colonization and offering a potential therapeutic target.
文摘Cancer stands as one of the major threats to human life.Ensuring the safety of drugs is paramount,and the impact of adverse reactions on patients’quality of life and prognosis should not be underestimated.Diarrhea is a common clinical adverse event,and despite the absence of specific anti-diarrhea drugs,there is a pressing need for improvement.This article aims to provide a valuable reference for researchers in clinical drug use and scientific tumor treatment.It summarizes recent advancements in drug mechanisms and adverse reactions,whether in preclinical research or clinical diagnosis and therapy.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 82002456)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant number 2022M723207)+10 种基金the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(grant number 2023KY666)Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Science Fund Project(grant number 2024ZL372)Qiantang Cross Fund Project(grant number 2023-16)National Natural Science Foundation of China of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital Cultivation Project(grant number PY2023006)the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(grant number 2024KY812)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(grant number LQ24H160036)Beijing Health Technologies Promotion Program[grant number BHTPP2022041]Peking University Clinical Scientist Training Program and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[grant number BMU2024PYJH010]Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital[grant number PY202333]the Beijing Natural Science Foundation[grant number 7232248]Beijing Hospitals Authority Youth Programme[grant number QML20231902].
文摘The BRAF gene is an important signaling molecule in human cells that is involved in the regulation of cell growth,differentiation,and survival.When the BRAF gene mutates,it can lead to abnormal activation of the signaling pathway,which promotes cell proliferation,inhibits cell apoptosis,and ultimately contributes to the occurrence and development of cancer.BRAF mutations are widely present in various cancers,including malignant melanoma,thyroid cancer,colorectal cancer,non-small cell lung cancer,and hairy cell leukemia,among others.BRAF is an important target for the treatment of various solid tumors,and targeted combination therapies,represented by BRAF inhibitors,have become one of the main treatment modalities for a variety of BRAF-mutation-positive solid tumors.
