Groundwater is essential for maintaining public health,promoting economic development,and ensuring ecosystem stability in arid and semi-arid regions.The northwestern Ordos Basin(China)primarily relies on groundwater f...Groundwater is essential for maintaining public health,promoting economic development,and ensuring ecosystem stability in arid and semi-arid regions.The northwestern Ordos Basin(China)primarily relies on groundwater from multilayered aquifer systems;however,our knowledge of the hydrochemical characteristics and water quality of groundwater in this region is limited.Here,we employed a newly collected dataset of 94 groundwater samples from different aquifers to constrain the source,controlling processes of fluoride in groundwater,and its potential health risk in the area.Groundwater is characterized by Na-Cl and Na-SO_(4) types with a minor Na-HCO_(3) type,which is primarily controlled by ion exchange,silicate weathering,and the dissolution of carbonate and evaporite minerals.Of the groundwater samples,42%exceeded the fluoride limit of 1.5 mg/L established by the World Health Organization(WHO).This is mainly attributed to geogenic sources,including fluorine-bearing mineral dissolution,cation exchange,evaporation,and competitive adsorption.The water quality index suggests that most samples are unsuitable for drinking.Health risk assessment results based on the Monte Carlo simulation indicate that children face significantly higher non-carcinogenic health risks from fluoride exposure than adults(both males and females).These findings provide new insights into the complex hydrogeochemical evolution of fluoride in groundwater and the groundwater quality status in multi-aquifer systems,contributing to the sustainable development and management of groundwater resources in the Ordos Basin.展开更多
Pruni Semen,the seed of several unique Prunus plants,is a traditional purgative herbal material.To determine the authentic sources of Pruni Semen,46 samples from four species were collected and analyzed.Ten compounds ...Pruni Semen,the seed of several unique Prunus plants,is a traditional purgative herbal material.To determine the authentic sources of Pruni Semen,46 samples from four species were collected and analyzed.Ten compounds including multiflorin A(Mul A),a notable purative compound,were isolated and identified by chemical separation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Seventy-six communal components were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with linear ion trap-quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry,and acetyl flavonoid glycosides were recognized as characteristic constituents.The flavonoids were distributed in the seed coat and cyanogenic glycosides in the kernel.Based on this,methods for identifying Pruni Semen from different sources were established using chemical fingerprinting,quantitative analysis of the eight principal compounds,hierarchical cluster analysis,principal component analysis,and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.The results showed that the samples were divided into two categories:one is the small seeds from Prunus humilis(Ph)and Prunus japonica(Pj),and the other is the big seeds from Prunus pedunculata(Pp)and Prunus triloba(Pt).The average content of Mul A was 3.02,6.93,0.40,and 0.29 mg/g,while the average content of amygdalin was 18.5,17.7,31.5,and 30.9 mg/g in Ph,Pj,Pp,and Pt,respectively.All the above information suggests that small seeds might be superior sources of Pruni Semen.This is the first comprehensive report on the identification of chemical components in Pruni Semen from different species.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2024QN04014)the Open Research Fund of Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research(Grant No.YSS202401)+2 种基金Scientific Research Support Program for Introducing Talents at the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(DC2400002177 and DC2400003177)Major Projects of Erdos Science and Technology(Project No.2022EEDSKJZDZX015)Applied technology research and development project in Jungar Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(2023YY-13).
文摘Groundwater is essential for maintaining public health,promoting economic development,and ensuring ecosystem stability in arid and semi-arid regions.The northwestern Ordos Basin(China)primarily relies on groundwater from multilayered aquifer systems;however,our knowledge of the hydrochemical characteristics and water quality of groundwater in this region is limited.Here,we employed a newly collected dataset of 94 groundwater samples from different aquifers to constrain the source,controlling processes of fluoride in groundwater,and its potential health risk in the area.Groundwater is characterized by Na-Cl and Na-SO_(4) types with a minor Na-HCO_(3) type,which is primarily controlled by ion exchange,silicate weathering,and the dissolution of carbonate and evaporite minerals.Of the groundwater samples,42%exceeded the fluoride limit of 1.5 mg/L established by the World Health Organization(WHO).This is mainly attributed to geogenic sources,including fluorine-bearing mineral dissolution,cation exchange,evaporation,and competitive adsorption.The water quality index suggests that most samples are unsuitable for drinking.Health risk assessment results based on the Monte Carlo simulation indicate that children face significantly higher non-carcinogenic health risks from fluoride exposure than adults(both males and females).These findings provide new insights into the complex hydrogeochemical evolution of fluoride in groundwater and the groundwater quality status in multi-aquifer systems,contributing to the sustainable development and management of groundwater resources in the Ordos Basin.
基金sponsored by the Key Research and Development Programs in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China(Grant No.:2020BBF02027)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.:5212014).
文摘Pruni Semen,the seed of several unique Prunus plants,is a traditional purgative herbal material.To determine the authentic sources of Pruni Semen,46 samples from four species were collected and analyzed.Ten compounds including multiflorin A(Mul A),a notable purative compound,were isolated and identified by chemical separation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Seventy-six communal components were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with linear ion trap-quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry,and acetyl flavonoid glycosides were recognized as characteristic constituents.The flavonoids were distributed in the seed coat and cyanogenic glycosides in the kernel.Based on this,methods for identifying Pruni Semen from different sources were established using chemical fingerprinting,quantitative analysis of the eight principal compounds,hierarchical cluster analysis,principal component analysis,and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.The results showed that the samples were divided into two categories:one is the small seeds from Prunus humilis(Ph)and Prunus japonica(Pj),and the other is the big seeds from Prunus pedunculata(Pp)and Prunus triloba(Pt).The average content of Mul A was 3.02,6.93,0.40,and 0.29 mg/g,while the average content of amygdalin was 18.5,17.7,31.5,and 30.9 mg/g in Ph,Pj,Pp,and Pt,respectively.All the above information suggests that small seeds might be superior sources of Pruni Semen.This is the first comprehensive report on the identification of chemical components in Pruni Semen from different species.
