Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs),invasive or non-invasive,have projected unparalleled vision and promise for assisting patients in need to better their interaction with the surroundings.Inspired by the BCI-based rehabi...Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs),invasive or non-invasive,have projected unparalleled vision and promise for assisting patients in need to better their interaction with the surroundings.Inspired by the BCI-based rehabilitation technologies for nerve-system impairments and amputation,we propose an electromagnetic brain-computer-metasurface(EBCM)paradigm,regulated by human’s cognition by brain signals directly and non-invasively.We experimentally show that our EBCM platform can translate human’s mind from evoked potentials of P300-based electroencephalography to digital coding information in the electromagnetic domain non-invasively,which can be further processed and transported by an information metasurface in automated and wireless fashions.Directly wireless communications of the human minds are performed between two EBCM operators with accurate text transmissions.Moreover,several other proof-of-concept mind-control schemes are presented using the same EBCM platform,exhibiting flexibly-customized capabilities of information processing and synthesis like visual-beam scanning,wave modulations,and pattern encoding.展开更多
Metamaterials and metasurfaces have inspired worldwide interest in the recent two decades due to their extraordinary performance in controlling material parameters and electromagnetic properties.However,most studies o...Metamaterials and metasurfaces have inspired worldwide interest in the recent two decades due to their extraordinary performance in controlling material parameters and electromagnetic properties.However,most studies on metamaterials and metasurfaces are focused on manipulations of electromagnetic fields and waves,because of their analog natures.The concepts of digital coding and programmable metasurfaces proposed in 2014 have opened a new perspective to characterize and design metasurfaces in a digital way,and made it possible to control electromagnetic fields/waves and process digital information simultaneously,yielding the birth of a new direction of information metasurfaces.On the other hand,artificial intelligence(AI)has become more important in automatic designs of metasurfaces.In this review paper,we first show the intrinsic natures and advantages of information metasurfaces,including information operations,programmable and real-time control capabilities,and space–time-coding strategies.Then we introduce the recent advances in designing metasurfaces using AI technologies,and particularly discuss the close combinations of information metasurfaces and AI to generate intelligent metasurfaces.We present self-adaptively smart metasurfaces,AI-based intelligent imagers,microwave cameras,and programmable AI machines based on optical neural networks.Finally,we indicate the challenges,applications,and future directions of information and intelligent metasurfaces.展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0700201,2017YFA0700202,and 2017YFA0700203)Major Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20212002)+9 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61871127,61735010,61731010,61890544,61801117,61722106,61701107,61701108,61701246,61631007,61633010,61876064,62076099,61731010,and 11874142)State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves,Southeast University,China(K201924)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242018R30001)111 Project(111-2-05)Fund for International Cooperation and Exchange of National Natural Science Foundation of China(61761136007)Key R&D Program of Guangdong Province(2018B030339001)Key Realm R&D Program of Guangzhou(202007030007)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2019A1515011773)Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou(201906010043)C.-W.Q.acknowledges the financial support from the grant R-261-518-004-720 from Advanced Research and Technology Innovation Centre(ARTIC)。
文摘Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs),invasive or non-invasive,have projected unparalleled vision and promise for assisting patients in need to better their interaction with the surroundings.Inspired by the BCI-based rehabilitation technologies for nerve-system impairments and amputation,we propose an electromagnetic brain-computer-metasurface(EBCM)paradigm,regulated by human’s cognition by brain signals directly and non-invasively.We experimentally show that our EBCM platform can translate human’s mind from evoked potentials of P300-based electroencephalography to digital coding information in the electromagnetic domain non-invasively,which can be further processed and transported by an information metasurface in automated and wireless fashions.Directly wireless communications of the human minds are performed between two EBCM operators with accurate text transmissions.Moreover,several other proof-of-concept mind-control schemes are presented using the same EBCM platform,exhibiting flexibly-customized capabilities of information processing and synthesis like visual-beam scanning,wave modulations,and pattern encoding.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0700201,2017YFA0700202,and 2017YFA0700203)the Major Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20212002)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61871127,61735010,61731010,61890544,61801117,61722106,61701107,61701108,61701246,and 61631007)the State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves,Southeast University,China(K201924),the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242022R20017)the 111 Project(111-2-05)the Fund for International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61761136007)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M700761).
文摘Metamaterials and metasurfaces have inspired worldwide interest in the recent two decades due to their extraordinary performance in controlling material parameters and electromagnetic properties.However,most studies on metamaterials and metasurfaces are focused on manipulations of electromagnetic fields and waves,because of their analog natures.The concepts of digital coding and programmable metasurfaces proposed in 2014 have opened a new perspective to characterize and design metasurfaces in a digital way,and made it possible to control electromagnetic fields/waves and process digital information simultaneously,yielding the birth of a new direction of information metasurfaces.On the other hand,artificial intelligence(AI)has become more important in automatic designs of metasurfaces.In this review paper,we first show the intrinsic natures and advantages of information metasurfaces,including information operations,programmable and real-time control capabilities,and space–time-coding strategies.Then we introduce the recent advances in designing metasurfaces using AI technologies,and particularly discuss the close combinations of information metasurfaces and AI to generate intelligent metasurfaces.We present self-adaptively smart metasurfaces,AI-based intelligent imagers,microwave cameras,and programmable AI machines based on optical neural networks.Finally,we indicate the challenges,applications,and future directions of information and intelligent metasurfaces.
