In a hollow-core fiber(HCF),light propagates through an air/vacuum core rather than a solid material,resulting in a low thermo-optic coefficient and ability to handle high powers.Here,we demonstrate a laser locked to ...In a hollow-core fiber(HCF),light propagates through an air/vacuum core rather than a solid material,resulting in a low thermo-optic coefficient and ability to handle high powers.Here,we demonstrate a laser locked to a hollow-core fiber reference,which thanks to the low HCF thermal sensitivity,shows long-term stability an order of magnitude better than compact commercially available low-noise lasers.The laser frequency variation within±600 kHz was measured over 50 h.The stability of our proof-of-concept laser is ensured via a strong selfinjection ratio of-15 dB,enabled by the high-power handling and low loss of the hollow-core fiber's resonator.Moreover,our results show appealing performance parameters,including a fractional frequency stability of4×10^(-13)at 1 s averaging time and a Lorentzian component of the linewidth of 0.2 Hz.展开更多
The poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)results from its high metastasis,whereas inflammation accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)is prone to aggravate tumor metastasis.Although photo...The poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)results from its high metastasis,whereas inflammation accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)is prone to aggravate tumor metastasis.Although photothermal therapy(PTT)has extremely high therapeutic efficiency,the crafty tumor cells allow an increase in the expression of heat shock proteins(HSPs)to limit its effect,and PTT-induced inflammation is also thought to be a potential trigger for tumor metastasis.Herein,myricetin,iron ions,and polyvinylpyrrolidone were utilized to develop nanomedicines by self-assembly strategy for the treatment of metastatic TNBC.The nanomedicines with marvelous water solubility and dispersion can inhibit glucose transporter 1 and interfere with mitochondrial function to block the energy supply of tumor cells,achieving starvation therapy on TNBC cells.Nanomedicines with excellent photothermal conversion properties allow down-regulating the expression of HSPs to enhance the effect of PTT.Interestingly,the broad spectrum of ROS scavenging ability of nanomedicines successfully attenuates PTT-induced inflammation as well as influences hypoxia-inducible factors-1α/3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 related pathway through glycometabolism inhibition to reduce tumor cell metastasis.Moreover,the nanomedicines have negligible side effects and good clinical application prospects,which provides a valuable paradigm for the treatment of metastatic TNBC through glycometabolism interference,anti-inflammation,starvation,and photothermal synergistic therapy.展开更多
There are a host of applications in communications, sensing, and science, in which analogue signal transmission is preferred over today’s dominant digital transmission. In some of these applications, the advantage is...There are a host of applications in communications, sensing, and science, in which analogue signal transmission is preferred over today’s dominant digital transmission. In some of these applications, the advantage is in lower cost, while in others, it lies in superior performance. However, especially for longer analogue photonics links (up to 10 s of km), the performance is strongly limited by the impairments arising from using standard single-mode fibres (SSMF). Firstly, the three key metrics of analogue links (loss, noise figure, and dynamic range) tend to improve with received power, but this is limited by stimulated Brillouin scattering in SSMF. Further degradation is due to the chromatic dispersion of SSMF, which induces radio-frequency (RF) signal fading, increases even-order distortions, and causes phase-to-intensity-noise conversion. Further distortions still, are caused by the Kerr nonlinearity of SSMF. We propose to address all of these shortcomings by replacing SSMFs with hollow-core optical fibres, which have simultaneously six times lower chromatic dispersion and several orders of magnitude lower nonlinearity (Brillouin, Kerr). We demonstrate the advantages in this application using a 7.7 km long hollow-core fibre sample, significantly surpassing the performance of an SSMF link in virtually every metric, including 15 dB higher link gain and 6 dB lower noise figure.展开更多
基金Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EP/P030181/1)VACUUM(EP/W037440/1)Technology Agency of the Czech Republic(FW03010171)。
文摘In a hollow-core fiber(HCF),light propagates through an air/vacuum core rather than a solid material,resulting in a low thermo-optic coefficient and ability to handle high powers.Here,we demonstrate a laser locked to a hollow-core fiber reference,which thanks to the low HCF thermal sensitivity,shows long-term stability an order of magnitude better than compact commercially available low-noise lasers.The laser frequency variation within±600 kHz was measured over 50 h.The stability of our proof-of-concept laser is ensured via a strong selfinjection ratio of-15 dB,enabled by the high-power handling and low loss of the hollow-core fiber's resonator.Moreover,our results show appealing performance parameters,including a fractional frequency stability of4×10^(-13)at 1 s averaging time and a Lorentzian component of the linewidth of 0.2 Hz.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22207019,22108001Basic and Applied Basic Research Project of Guangzhou Science and Technology Bureau,Grant/Award Number:SL2023A04J00117。
文摘The poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)results from its high metastasis,whereas inflammation accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)is prone to aggravate tumor metastasis.Although photothermal therapy(PTT)has extremely high therapeutic efficiency,the crafty tumor cells allow an increase in the expression of heat shock proteins(HSPs)to limit its effect,and PTT-induced inflammation is also thought to be a potential trigger for tumor metastasis.Herein,myricetin,iron ions,and polyvinylpyrrolidone were utilized to develop nanomedicines by self-assembly strategy for the treatment of metastatic TNBC.The nanomedicines with marvelous water solubility and dispersion can inhibit glucose transporter 1 and interfere with mitochondrial function to block the energy supply of tumor cells,achieving starvation therapy on TNBC cells.Nanomedicines with excellent photothermal conversion properties allow down-regulating the expression of HSPs to enhance the effect of PTT.Interestingly,the broad spectrum of ROS scavenging ability of nanomedicines successfully attenuates PTT-induced inflammation as well as influences hypoxia-inducible factors-1α/3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 related pathway through glycometabolism inhibition to reduce tumor cell metastasis.Moreover,the nanomedicines have negligible side effects and good clinical application prospects,which provides a valuable paradigm for the treatment of metastatic TNBC through glycometabolism interference,anti-inflammation,starvation,and photothermal synergistic therapy.
基金Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EP/P030181/1)European Research Council(682724)and Royal Academy of Engineering.
文摘There are a host of applications in communications, sensing, and science, in which analogue signal transmission is preferred over today’s dominant digital transmission. In some of these applications, the advantage is in lower cost, while in others, it lies in superior performance. However, especially for longer analogue photonics links (up to 10 s of km), the performance is strongly limited by the impairments arising from using standard single-mode fibres (SSMF). Firstly, the three key metrics of analogue links (loss, noise figure, and dynamic range) tend to improve with received power, but this is limited by stimulated Brillouin scattering in SSMF. Further degradation is due to the chromatic dispersion of SSMF, which induces radio-frequency (RF) signal fading, increases even-order distortions, and causes phase-to-intensity-noise conversion. Further distortions still, are caused by the Kerr nonlinearity of SSMF. We propose to address all of these shortcomings by replacing SSMFs with hollow-core optical fibres, which have simultaneously six times lower chromatic dispersion and several orders of magnitude lower nonlinearity (Brillouin, Kerr). We demonstrate the advantages in this application using a 7.7 km long hollow-core fibre sample, significantly surpassing the performance of an SSMF link in virtually every metric, including 15 dB higher link gain and 6 dB lower noise figure.
