The water wall is an important part of the passive natural circulation residual heat removal system in a high temperature gas-cooled reactor. The maximum temperatures of the pressure shell and the water wall are calcu...The water wall is an important part of the passive natural circulation residual heat removal system in a high temperature gas-cooled reactor. The maximum temperatures of the pressure shell and the water wall are calcu- lated using annular vertical closed cavity model. Fine particles can deposit on the water wall due to the thermophore- sis effect. This deposit can affect heat transfer. The thermophoretic deposit efficiency is calculated by using Batch and Shen’s formula fitted for both laminar flow and turbulent flow. The calculated results indicate that natural convection is turbulent in the closed cavity. The transient thermophoretic deposit efficiency rises with the increase of the pressure shell’s temperature. Its maximum value is 14%.展开更多
Objective:Objective:To evaluate the applications of dexmedetomidine given composite dezocine spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery.Methods:120 cases ASAⅠ~Ⅱgrade elective surgery THA ...Objective:Objective:To evaluate the applications of dexmedetomidine given composite dezocine spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery.Methods:120 cases ASAⅠ~Ⅱgrade elective surgery THA patients were divided into group A(n=40),group B(n=40),C group(n=40)from June 2015 to June 2016.Group A were routined with endotracheal intubation operation;Group B were gap into the line L2-3 spinal anesthesia,anesthesia after a fixed pumping 0.2 mg dezocine a mixture of 3 ml;Group C were threatmented with dextrose infusion 3μg Mi Ding mixture 3.5 ml.The levels of mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),oxygen saturation(SPO2),endtidal carbon dioxide(PETCO2)and other hemodynamic parameters and plasma epinephrine(E),norepinephrine(NE),malondialdehyde(MDA)of three groups before and after 10 min of anesthesia 5min(T0),of anesthesia(T1),at the start of surgery(T2),1 Xiaoshi(T3)after completion of anesthesia,the end of the surgery(T4).The anesthetic complications occur of three groups were compared.Results:The levels of MAP,HR,SPO2,PETCO2,E,NE,MDA in T1~T4 time were increased than T0 stage(P<0.05).The levels of MAP,HR,SPO2,PETCO2,E,NE,MDA in T1~T4 time of Groups A were increased than Groups B,Group C(P<0.05).The levels of MAP,HR,SPO2,PETCO2,E,NE,MDA in T1~T4 time of Groups A and Groups B were compared.The cognitive disorders,nausea,vomiting,restlessness,chills,a high incidence of respiratory depression of Group A were higher than Group B,Group C(P<0.05),will high incidence of respiratory depression of Group B were higher than Groups C(P<0.05).Conclusion:dexmedetomidine given composite dezocine spinal anesthesia can effectively stabilize hemodynamics THA patients and reduce patient stress and blood vessels,its low incidence of postoperative complications,worthy of promotion application.展开更多
Beijing has been severely affected by SARS, and SARS-associated coronavirus has been confirmed as its cause. However, clinical and experimental evidence implicates the possibility of co-infection. In this report, reov...Beijing has been severely affected by SARS, and SARS-associated coronavirus has been confirmed as its cause. However, clinical and experimental evidence implicates the possibility of co-infection. In this report, reovirus was isolated from throat swabs of SARS patients, including the first case in Beijing and her mother. Identification with the electron microscopy revealed the characteristic features of reovirus. 24 of 38 samples from other SARS cases were found to have serologic responses to the reovirus. Primers designed for reovirus have amplified several fragments of DNA, one of which was sequenced (S2 gene fragment), which indicates it as a unique reovirus (orthoreovirus). Preliminary animal experiment showed that inoculation of the reovirus in mice caused death with atypical pneumonia. Nevertheless, the association of reovirus with SARS outbreak requires to be further investigated.展开更多
基金Supported by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Projects of China (No.2002CB211604) and the National Key Projects in the Ninth Five –Year Plan (96-G01-02-05).
文摘The water wall is an important part of the passive natural circulation residual heat removal system in a high temperature gas-cooled reactor. The maximum temperatures of the pressure shell and the water wall are calcu- lated using annular vertical closed cavity model. Fine particles can deposit on the water wall due to the thermophore- sis effect. This deposit can affect heat transfer. The thermophoretic deposit efficiency is calculated by using Batch and Shen’s formula fitted for both laminar flow and turbulent flow. The calculated results indicate that natural convection is turbulent in the closed cavity. The transient thermophoretic deposit efficiency rises with the increase of the pressure shell’s temperature. Its maximum value is 14%.
文摘Objective:Objective:To evaluate the applications of dexmedetomidine given composite dezocine spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery.Methods:120 cases ASAⅠ~Ⅱgrade elective surgery THA patients were divided into group A(n=40),group B(n=40),C group(n=40)from June 2015 to June 2016.Group A were routined with endotracheal intubation operation;Group B were gap into the line L2-3 spinal anesthesia,anesthesia after a fixed pumping 0.2 mg dezocine a mixture of 3 ml;Group C were threatmented with dextrose infusion 3μg Mi Ding mixture 3.5 ml.The levels of mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),oxygen saturation(SPO2),endtidal carbon dioxide(PETCO2)and other hemodynamic parameters and plasma epinephrine(E),norepinephrine(NE),malondialdehyde(MDA)of three groups before and after 10 min of anesthesia 5min(T0),of anesthesia(T1),at the start of surgery(T2),1 Xiaoshi(T3)after completion of anesthesia,the end of the surgery(T4).The anesthetic complications occur of three groups were compared.Results:The levels of MAP,HR,SPO2,PETCO2,E,NE,MDA in T1~T4 time were increased than T0 stage(P<0.05).The levels of MAP,HR,SPO2,PETCO2,E,NE,MDA in T1~T4 time of Groups A were increased than Groups B,Group C(P<0.05).The levels of MAP,HR,SPO2,PETCO2,E,NE,MDA in T1~T4 time of Groups A and Groups B were compared.The cognitive disorders,nausea,vomiting,restlessness,chills,a high incidence of respiratory depression of Group A were higher than Group B,Group C(P<0.05),will high incidence of respiratory depression of Group B were higher than Groups C(P<0.05).Conclusion:dexmedetomidine given composite dezocine spinal anesthesia can effectively stabilize hemodynamics THA patients and reduce patient stress and blood vessels,its low incidence of postoperative complications,worthy of promotion application.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2001AA233041).
文摘Beijing has been severely affected by SARS, and SARS-associated coronavirus has been confirmed as its cause. However, clinical and experimental evidence implicates the possibility of co-infection. In this report, reovirus was isolated from throat swabs of SARS patients, including the first case in Beijing and her mother. Identification with the electron microscopy revealed the characteristic features of reovirus. 24 of 38 samples from other SARS cases were found to have serologic responses to the reovirus. Primers designed for reovirus have amplified several fragments of DNA, one of which was sequenced (S2 gene fragment), which indicates it as a unique reovirus (orthoreovirus). Preliminary animal experiment showed that inoculation of the reovirus in mice caused death with atypical pneumonia. Nevertheless, the association of reovirus with SARS outbreak requires to be further investigated.
