Super-resolution(SR)microscopy has dramatically enhanced our understanding of biological processes.However,scattering media in thick specimens severely limits the spatial resolution,often rendering the images unclear ...Super-resolution(SR)microscopy has dramatically enhanced our understanding of biological processes.However,scattering media in thick specimens severely limits the spatial resolution,often rendering the images unclear or indistinguishable.Additionally,live-cell imaging faces challenges in achieving high temporal resolution for fast-moving subcellular structures.Here,we present the principles of a synthetic wave microscopy(SWM)to extract three-dimensional information from thick unlabeled specimens,where photobleaching and phototoxicity are avoided.SWM exploits multiple-wave interferometry to reveal the specimen’s phase information in the area of interest,which is not affected by the scattering media in the optical path.SWM achieves~0.42λ/NA resolution at an imaging speed of up to 106 pixels/s.SWM proves better temporal resolution and sensitivity than the most conventional microscopes currently available while maintaining exceptional SR and anti-scattering capabilities.Penetrating through the scattering media is challenging for conventional imaging techniques.Remarkably,SWM retains its efficacy even in conditions of low signal-to-noise ratios.It facilitates the visualization of dynamic subcellular structures in live cells,encompassing tubular endoplasmic reticulum(ER),lipid droplets,mitochondria,and lysosomes.展开更多
With the rapid development of the city,the old city has gradually lost its former glory,and the old community accounts for a large proportion in the city,and is located in the core area of the city. At present,there a...With the rapid development of the city,the old city has gradually lost its former glory,and the old community accounts for a large proportion in the city,and is located in the core area of the city. At present,there are some problems in the old community,such as high degree of aging,poor quality of living space,and lack of outdoor space. The old community transformation is mainly in the way of ' guided reconstruction',it has completely destroyed the original historical environment and the spirit of the place. Therefore,taking Xingchaibeiyuan Community in Nanchang City as an example,we deeply explore the strategy of micro-renewal of community outdoor space,so as to provide a reference for the renewal of outdoor space in this kind of old residential area.展开更多
China,as a country with 56 ethnic groups,has different geographical location,historical development and national customs.Residents in different places have incorporated different cultural characteristics when building...China,as a country with 56 ethnic groups,has different geographical location,historical development and national customs.Residents in different places have incorporated different cultural characteristics when building local houses.This differentiated cultural and artistic feature is a reflection of the cultural connotation in a specific age and region.However,cultural protection is not always perfect.Many details are missed in this torrent of conservation culture,and door and window decorations are in this position.When collecting data,it is found that there is very little research on door and window decoration in Jiangxi.In this study,taking the doors and windows of Bailu Ancient Village as an example,combined with the cultural history of door and window decoration in southern Jiangxi,the artistic essence and historical value of the decorative patterns of houses were discussed.After searching a large number of documents,a field investigation was conducted in Bailu Ancient Village.Through direct observation of doors and windows and asking local residents about their understanding of door and window decoration,the history,current situation and future of door and window decoration in Bailu Ancient Village were described in detailed and predicted roughly.展开更多
Acute lung injury(ALI)has been a kind of acute and severe disease that is mainly charac-terized by systemic uncontrolled inflammatory response to the production of huge amounts of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the lu...Acute lung injury(ALI)has been a kind of acute and severe disease that is mainly charac-terized by systemic uncontrolled inflammatory response to the production of huge amounts of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the lung tissue.Given the critical role of ROS in ALI,a Fe_(3)O_(4) loaded bovine serum albumin(BSA)nanocluster(BF)was developed to act as a nanomedicine for the treatment of ALI.Combining with NIR irradiation,it exhibited excellent ROS scavenging capacity.Significantly,it also dis-played the excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions for lipopolysaccharides(LPS)induced macrophages(RAW264.7),and Sprague Dawley rats via lowering intracellular ROS levels,reducing inflammatory factors expression levels,inducing macrophage M2 polarization,inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway,increasing CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T cell ratios,as well as upregulating HSP70 and CD31 expression levels to reprogram redox homeostasis,reduce systemic inflammation,activate immunoregu-lation,and accelerate lung tissue repair,finally achieving the synergistic enhancement of ALI immuno-therapy.It finally provides an effective therapeutic strategy of BF+NIR for the management of inflammation related diseases.展开更多
Honey vaults are useful tools for password management. A vault usually contains usernames for each domain, and the corresponding passwords, encrypted with a master password chosen by the owner. By generating decoy vau...Honey vaults are useful tools for password management. A vault usually contains usernames for each domain, and the corresponding passwords, encrypted with a master password chosen by the owner. By generating decoy vaults for incorrect master password attempts, honey vaults force attackers with the vault’s storage fle to engage in online verifcation to distinguish the real vaults, thus thwarting ofine guessing attacks. However, sophisticated attackers can acquire additional information, such as personally identifable information (PII) and partial passwords contained within the vault from various data breaches. Since many users tend to incorporate PII in their passwords, attackers may utilize PII to distinguish the real vault. Furthermore, if attackers may learn partial passwords included in the real vault, it can exclude numerous decoy vaults without the need for online verifcation. Indeed, both leakages pose serious threats to the security of the existing honey vault schemes. In this paper, we explore two attack vari-antsof the inspired attack scenario, where the attacker gains access to the vault’s storage fle along with acquiring PII and partial passwords contained within the real vault, and design a new honey vault scheme. For security assurance, we prove that our scheme is secure against one of the aforementioned attack variants. Moreover, our experimental fndings suggest enhancements in security against the other attack. In particular, to evaluate the security in multiple leakage cases where both the vault’s storage fle and PII are leaked, we propose several new practical attacks (called PII-based attacks), building upon the existing practical attacks in the traditional single leakage case where only the vault’s storage fle is compromised. Our experimental results demonstrate that certain PII-based attacks achieve a 63–70% accuracy in distinguishing the real vault from decoys in the best-performing honey vault scheme (Cheng et al. in Incrementally updateable honey password vaults, pp 857–874, 2021). Our scheme reduces these metrics to 41–50%, closely approaching the ideal value of 50%.展开更多
Efficient charge separation and rapid interfacial reaction kinetics are crucial factors that determine the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.Herein,a fascinating 2D heterojunction photocatalyst with supe...Efficient charge separation and rapid interfacial reaction kinetics are crucial factors that determine the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.Herein,a fascinating 2D heterojunction photocatalyst with superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance–holey C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets nested with TiO_(2)nanocrystals(denoted as HCN/TiO_(2))–is designed and fabricated via an in situ exfoliation and conversion strategy.The HCN/TiO_(2)is found to exhibit an ultrathin 2D heteroarchitecture with intimate interfacial contact,highly porous structures and ultrasmall TiO_(2)nanocrystals,leading to drastically improved charge carrier separation,maximized active sites and the promotion of mass transport for photocatalysis.Consequently,the HCN/TiO_(2)delivers an impressive hydrogen production rate of 282.3 lmol h^(-1)per10 mg under AM 1.5 illumination and an apparent quantum efficiency of 13.4%at a wavelength of 420 nm due to the synergetic enhancement of surface reactions and charge separation.The present work provides a promising strategy for developing high-performance 2D heterojunctions for clean energy applications.展开更多
With the acceleration of urbanization in South China, rainstorms and floods are threatening the safety of people in urban areas. The 11 April 2019(4·11 hereafter)rainstorm in Shenzhen City was a typical pre-rainy...With the acceleration of urbanization in South China, rainstorms and floods are threatening the safety of people in urban areas. The 11 April 2019(4·11 hereafter)rainstorm in Shenzhen City was a typical pre-rainy season rainstorm that caused great damage, yet such pre-rainy season events have not attracted sufficient attention in research.Risk perception of the public may indirectly affect their disaster preparedness, which is important for disaster management. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey that considered demographic factors and the level of risk perception, knowledge of risk, impact of the 4·11 rainstorm event on public risk perception, and degree of trust in the government. We used a two-factor model of risk perception to evaluate the factors that influenced public risk perception of the 4·11 rainstorm in Shenzhen. The main conclusions are: The 4·11 rainstorm improved public awareness of both risk and impact through the medium term, but the public’s perceived low probability of disaster occurrence and lack of knowledge of the pre-rainy season rainstorm phenomenon led to serious losses during this event. Although the public has high trust in the Shenzhen government, the management of rainstorm disasters in the pre-rainy season needs to be further improved.展开更多
基金support from CAS West Light Grant (xbzgzdsys-202206)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA1401003).
文摘Super-resolution(SR)microscopy has dramatically enhanced our understanding of biological processes.However,scattering media in thick specimens severely limits the spatial resolution,often rendering the images unclear or indistinguishable.Additionally,live-cell imaging faces challenges in achieving high temporal resolution for fast-moving subcellular structures.Here,we present the principles of a synthetic wave microscopy(SWM)to extract three-dimensional information from thick unlabeled specimens,where photobleaching and phototoxicity are avoided.SWM exploits multiple-wave interferometry to reveal the specimen’s phase information in the area of interest,which is not affected by the scattering media in the optical path.SWM achieves~0.42λ/NA resolution at an imaging speed of up to 106 pixels/s.SWM proves better temporal resolution and sensitivity than the most conventional microscopes currently available while maintaining exceptional SR and anti-scattering capabilities.Penetrating through the scattering media is challenging for conventional imaging techniques.Remarkably,SWM retains its efficacy even in conditions of low signal-to-noise ratios.It facilitates the visualization of dynamic subcellular structures in live cells,encompassing tubular endoplasmic reticulum(ER),lipid droplets,mitochondria,and lysosomes.
文摘With the rapid development of the city,the old city has gradually lost its former glory,and the old community accounts for a large proportion in the city,and is located in the core area of the city. At present,there are some problems in the old community,such as high degree of aging,poor quality of living space,and lack of outdoor space. The old community transformation is mainly in the way of ' guided reconstruction',it has completely destroyed the original historical environment and the spirit of the place. Therefore,taking Xingchaibeiyuan Community in Nanchang City as an example,we deeply explore the strategy of micro-renewal of community outdoor space,so as to provide a reference for the renewal of outdoor space in this kind of old residential area.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51968027)Project of Humanities and Social Sciences in Universities of Jiangxi Province(JC20120).
文摘China,as a country with 56 ethnic groups,has different geographical location,historical development and national customs.Residents in different places have incorporated different cultural characteristics when building local houses.This differentiated cultural and artistic feature is a reflection of the cultural connotation in a specific age and region.However,cultural protection is not always perfect.Many details are missed in this torrent of conservation culture,and door and window decorations are in this position.When collecting data,it is found that there is very little research on door and window decoration in Jiangxi.In this study,taking the doors and windows of Bailu Ancient Village as an example,combined with the cultural history of door and window decoration in southern Jiangxi,the artistic essence and historical value of the decorative patterns of houses were discussed.After searching a large number of documents,a field investigation was conducted in Bailu Ancient Village.Through direct observation of doors and windows and asking local residents about their understanding of door and window decoration,the history,current situation and future of door and window decoration in Bailu Ancient Village were described in detailed and predicted roughly.
基金supported by the Joint Project on Regional High-Incidence Diseases Research of Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(Nos.2024GXNSFAA010089 and 2025GXNSFBA069275,China)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160902,China)+2 种基金the China Post-doctoral Science Foundation(No.2024MD753921,China)the Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening,Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autono-mous Region(GXYWSX202404,China)the First-class Disci-pline Innovation-driven Talent Program of Guangxi Medical University,and the Major Talent Project of Guangxi Autonomous Region.
文摘Acute lung injury(ALI)has been a kind of acute and severe disease that is mainly charac-terized by systemic uncontrolled inflammatory response to the production of huge amounts of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the lung tissue.Given the critical role of ROS in ALI,a Fe_(3)O_(4) loaded bovine serum albumin(BSA)nanocluster(BF)was developed to act as a nanomedicine for the treatment of ALI.Combining with NIR irradiation,it exhibited excellent ROS scavenging capacity.Significantly,it also dis-played the excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions for lipopolysaccharides(LPS)induced macrophages(RAW264.7),and Sprague Dawley rats via lowering intracellular ROS levels,reducing inflammatory factors expression levels,inducing macrophage M2 polarization,inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway,increasing CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T cell ratios,as well as upregulating HSP70 and CD31 expression levels to reprogram redox homeostasis,reduce systemic inflammation,activate immunoregu-lation,and accelerate lung tissue repair,finally achieving the synergistic enhancement of ALI immuno-therapy.It finally provides an effective therapeutic strategy of BF+NIR for the management of inflammation related diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62172404,62172411,61972094,62202458).
文摘Honey vaults are useful tools for password management. A vault usually contains usernames for each domain, and the corresponding passwords, encrypted with a master password chosen by the owner. By generating decoy vaults for incorrect master password attempts, honey vaults force attackers with the vault’s storage fle to engage in online verifcation to distinguish the real vaults, thus thwarting ofine guessing attacks. However, sophisticated attackers can acquire additional information, such as personally identifable information (PII) and partial passwords contained within the vault from various data breaches. Since many users tend to incorporate PII in their passwords, attackers may utilize PII to distinguish the real vault. Furthermore, if attackers may learn partial passwords included in the real vault, it can exclude numerous decoy vaults without the need for online verifcation. Indeed, both leakages pose serious threats to the security of the existing honey vault schemes. In this paper, we explore two attack vari-antsof the inspired attack scenario, where the attacker gains access to the vault’s storage fle along with acquiring PII and partial passwords contained within the real vault, and design a new honey vault scheme. For security assurance, we prove that our scheme is secure against one of the aforementioned attack variants. Moreover, our experimental fndings suggest enhancements in security against the other attack. In particular, to evaluate the security in multiple leakage cases where both the vault’s storage fle and PII are leaked, we propose several new practical attacks (called PII-based attacks), building upon the existing practical attacks in the traditional single leakage case where only the vault’s storage fle is compromised. Our experimental results demonstrate that certain PII-based attacks achieve a 63–70% accuracy in distinguishing the real vault from decoys in the best-performing honey vault scheme (Cheng et al. in Incrementally updateable honey password vaults, pp 857–874, 2021). Our scheme reduces these metrics to 41–50%, closely approaching the ideal value of 50%.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1503003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20250,21801069 and 91961111)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(YQ2021B008)the Basic Research Fund of Heilongjiang University in Heilongjiang Province(2022-KYYWF-1036 and 2021-KYYWF-0039)Heilongjiang University Excellent Youth Foundation.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFE0201704 and 2018YFE0201701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21673256,21533011,2163100,and 21603036)Shanghai Rising-Star Program.
文摘Efficient charge separation and rapid interfacial reaction kinetics are crucial factors that determine the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.Herein,a fascinating 2D heterojunction photocatalyst with superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance–holey C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets nested with TiO_(2)nanocrystals(denoted as HCN/TiO_(2))–is designed and fabricated via an in situ exfoliation and conversion strategy.The HCN/TiO_(2)is found to exhibit an ultrathin 2D heteroarchitecture with intimate interfacial contact,highly porous structures and ultrasmall TiO_(2)nanocrystals,leading to drastically improved charge carrier separation,maximized active sites and the promotion of mass transport for photocatalysis.Consequently,the HCN/TiO_(2)delivers an impressive hydrogen production rate of 282.3 lmol h^(-1)per10 mg under AM 1.5 illumination and an apparent quantum efficiency of 13.4%at a wavelength of 420 nm due to the synergetic enhancement of surface reactions and charge separation.The present work provides a promising strategy for developing high-performance 2D heterojunctions for clean energy applications.
基金The study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2017YFC1503000).The authors would like to thank the reviewers for their valuable comments and the editors’help with this article.
文摘With the acceleration of urbanization in South China, rainstorms and floods are threatening the safety of people in urban areas. The 11 April 2019(4·11 hereafter)rainstorm in Shenzhen City was a typical pre-rainy season rainstorm that caused great damage, yet such pre-rainy season events have not attracted sufficient attention in research.Risk perception of the public may indirectly affect their disaster preparedness, which is important for disaster management. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey that considered demographic factors and the level of risk perception, knowledge of risk, impact of the 4·11 rainstorm event on public risk perception, and degree of trust in the government. We used a two-factor model of risk perception to evaluate the factors that influenced public risk perception of the 4·11 rainstorm in Shenzhen. The main conclusions are: The 4·11 rainstorm improved public awareness of both risk and impact through the medium term, but the public’s perceived low probability of disaster occurrence and lack of knowledge of the pre-rainy season rainstorm phenomenon led to serious losses during this event. Although the public has high trust in the Shenzhen government, the management of rainstorm disasters in the pre-rainy season needs to be further improved.
