Interregional supply chains are associated with large carbon emissions,resulting in regional inequalities and sustainable development challenges.Quantifying interregional carbon flow is essential for setting equitable...Interregional supply chains are associated with large carbon emissions,resulting in regional inequalities and sustainable development challenges.Quantifying interregional carbon flow is essential for setting equitable carbon reduction targets and ensuring fairness among regions.However,as China advances its industrial transformation,the effects of industrial structural changes on regional carbon flow through supply chains remain insufficiently understood.Using Shanghai from 2012 to 2017 as a case study,this research investigates spatial patterns,sectoral characteristics and driving forces of carbon flow within interregional supply chains.Results reveal a 46.9%decrease in carbon inflows and a 70.2%increase in outflows,particularly to high-tech regions,indicating Shanghai's transition from a downstream recipient to an upstream supplier in industrial networks.Reduced inflows were mainly driven by decreased carbon intensity in northern energy and metal sectors,whereas increased outflows were associated with growing demand from southern equipment and construction industries.Energy structure optimization contributed to over 75%of carbon flow reductions,while increased carbon intensity in the digital economy accounted for only around 10%,insufficient to alter flow pathways.The findings indicates that industrial restructuring can support regional climate mitigation.As a pilot carbon trading cities with relatively low environmental cost,Shanghai can collaborate with other regions through carbon markets along key carbon pathways,leveraging financial resources for low-carbon technologies and promoting supply chain-wide emission reduction.This study provides a framework for designing targeted,region-specific mitigation strategies that align with the dynamics of industrial supply chains and contribute to equitable carbon reduction efforts.展开更多
Through analyzing the cases of Xiao Zhijun and the Yulin maternal jumping incident,the authors found significant disputes between the requests for non-indicated cesarean section and medical risk prevention,as well as ...Through analyzing the cases of Xiao Zhijun and the Yulin maternal jumping incident,the authors found significant disputes between the requests for non-indicated cesarean section and medical risk prevention,as well as between the psychology of avoiding childbirth pain and surgical responsibility.Currently,based on people’s current awareness and the responsibility orientation of expert opinions in disputes,medical institutions tend to satisfy family members’surgical requirements after fulfilling their obligation to fully inform about risks,to reduce the risk of losing disputes.This phenomenon actually reflects the contradiction between the demands of patients’families and the responsibilities of medical staff in medical decision-making.To balance the responsibilities of medical staff and the demands of patients’families,the authors believe that multiple governance paths need to be constructed:first,optimizing the level of medical staff’s communication;second,strengthening medical risk science popularization relying on modern information technology to improve patients’risk cognition ability;and third,raising society’s correct understanding of cesarean section through multiple channels.These measures can help to enhance patients’trust in hospital diagnosis and treatment results and promote harmonious development of doctor-patient relationships.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 52270185,41971257].
文摘Interregional supply chains are associated with large carbon emissions,resulting in regional inequalities and sustainable development challenges.Quantifying interregional carbon flow is essential for setting equitable carbon reduction targets and ensuring fairness among regions.However,as China advances its industrial transformation,the effects of industrial structural changes on regional carbon flow through supply chains remain insufficiently understood.Using Shanghai from 2012 to 2017 as a case study,this research investigates spatial patterns,sectoral characteristics and driving forces of carbon flow within interregional supply chains.Results reveal a 46.9%decrease in carbon inflows and a 70.2%increase in outflows,particularly to high-tech regions,indicating Shanghai's transition from a downstream recipient to an upstream supplier in industrial networks.Reduced inflows were mainly driven by decreased carbon intensity in northern energy and metal sectors,whereas increased outflows were associated with growing demand from southern equipment and construction industries.Energy structure optimization contributed to over 75%of carbon flow reductions,while increased carbon intensity in the digital economy accounted for only around 10%,insufficient to alter flow pathways.The findings indicates that industrial restructuring can support regional climate mitigation.As a pilot carbon trading cities with relatively low environmental cost,Shanghai can collaborate with other regions through carbon markets along key carbon pathways,leveraging financial resources for low-carbon technologies and promoting supply chain-wide emission reduction.This study provides a framework for designing targeted,region-specific mitigation strategies that align with the dynamics of industrial supply chains and contribute to equitable carbon reduction efforts.
文摘Through analyzing the cases of Xiao Zhijun and the Yulin maternal jumping incident,the authors found significant disputes between the requests for non-indicated cesarean section and medical risk prevention,as well as between the psychology of avoiding childbirth pain and surgical responsibility.Currently,based on people’s current awareness and the responsibility orientation of expert opinions in disputes,medical institutions tend to satisfy family members’surgical requirements after fulfilling their obligation to fully inform about risks,to reduce the risk of losing disputes.This phenomenon actually reflects the contradiction between the demands of patients’families and the responsibilities of medical staff in medical decision-making.To balance the responsibilities of medical staff and the demands of patients’families,the authors believe that multiple governance paths need to be constructed:first,optimizing the level of medical staff’s communication;second,strengthening medical risk science popularization relying on modern information technology to improve patients’risk cognition ability;and third,raising society’s correct understanding of cesarean section through multiple channels.These measures can help to enhance patients’trust in hospital diagnosis and treatment results and promote harmonious development of doctor-patient relationships.
