Optical image-based ship detection can ensure the safety of ships and promote the orderly management of ships in offshore waters.Current deep learning researches on optical image-based ship detection mainly focus on i...Optical image-based ship detection can ensure the safety of ships and promote the orderly management of ships in offshore waters.Current deep learning researches on optical image-based ship detection mainly focus on improving one-stage detectors for real-time ship detection but sacrifices the accuracy of detection.To solve this problem,we present a hybrid ship detection framework which is named EfficientShip in this paper.The core parts of the EfficientShip are DLA-backboned object location(DBOL)and CascadeRCNN-guided object classification(CROC).The DBOL is responsible for finding potential ship objects,and the CROC is used to categorize the potential ship objects.We also design a pixel-spatial-level data augmentation(PSDA)to reduce the risk of detection model overfitting.We compare the proposed EfficientShip with state-of-the-art(SOTA)literature on a ship detection dataset called Seaships.Experiments show our ship detection framework achieves a result of 99.63%(mAP)at 45 fps,which is much better than 8 SOTA approaches on detection accuracy and can also meet the requirements of real-time application scenarios.展开更多
Postoperative tumor recurrence remains a predominant cause of treatment failure. In this study, we developed an in situ injectable hydrogel, termed MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel, which was locally formed within the tumor rese...Postoperative tumor recurrence remains a predominant cause of treatment failure. In this study, we developed an in situ injectable hydrogel, termed MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel, which was locally formed within the tumor resection cavity. The MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel was fabricated by mixing a thrombin solution, a fibrinogen solution containing all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and a Mn/NO-based immune nano-activator termed MPB-NO@DOX. ATRA promoted the differentiation of cancer stem cells, inhibited cancer cell migration, and affected the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. The outer MnO2 shell disintegrated due to its reaction with glutathione and hydrogen peroxide in the cytoplasm to release Mn2+ and produce O2, resulting in the release of doxorubicin (DOX). The released DOX entered the nucleus and destroyed DNA, and the fragmented DNA cooperated with Mn2+ to activate the cGAS-STING pathway and stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. In addition, when MPB-NO@DOX was exposed to 808 nm laser irradiation, the Fe-NO bond was broken to release NO, which downregulated the expression of PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells and reversed the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, the MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel exhibited excellent anti-tumor efficacy. The results of this study demonstrated the great potential of in situ injectable hydrogels in preventing postoperative tumor recurrence.展开更多
Background:Alterations of brain connectivity within resting-state networks(RSNs)have been widely reported in observational studies on epilepsy.However,the causal relationship between epilepsy and structural connectivi...Background:Alterations of brain connectivity within resting-state networks(RSNs)have been widely reported in observational studies on epilepsy.However,the causal relationship between epilepsy and structural connectivity(SC)/functional connectivity(FC)within RSNs remain unclear.We conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)to explore the causal relationship between epilepsy subtypes and brain connectivity properties within RSNs.Methods:Genetic instruments were obtained from the latest genome-wide association studies(GWAS)of 69,995 individuals(N_(cases)=27,559,N_(controls)=42,436)issued by the International League Against Epilepsy.The GWAS summary SC/FC data within RSNs(N_(SC)=23,985,N_(FC)=24,336)were sourced from the Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research.We investigate the causal relationship between epilepsy subtypes and brain connectivity within RSNs through a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis.Results:We found that the increased risk of generalized genetic epilepsy is consistent with a causal effect on dorsal attention and somatomotor FC.In the reverse MR analysis,there was no suggestive causal effect of FC/SC connectivity on epilepsy subtypes.Conclusions:This study shed light on the associations of FC/SC levels within the RSNs and epilepsy along with its subtypes.This insight could yield crucial intervention strategies to different subtypes of epilepsy at the level of brain structure and functional networks.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Outstanding Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team Project of Colleges and Universities in Hubei Province(Grant No.T201923)Key Science and Technology Project of Jingmen(Grant Nos.2021ZDYF024,2022ZDYF019)+2 种基金LIAS Pioneering Partnerships Award,UK(Grant No.P202ED10)Data Science Enhancement Fund,UK(Grant No.P202RE237)Cultivation Project of Jingchu University of Technology(Grant No.PY201904).
文摘Optical image-based ship detection can ensure the safety of ships and promote the orderly management of ships in offshore waters.Current deep learning researches on optical image-based ship detection mainly focus on improving one-stage detectors for real-time ship detection but sacrifices the accuracy of detection.To solve this problem,we present a hybrid ship detection framework which is named EfficientShip in this paper.The core parts of the EfficientShip are DLA-backboned object location(DBOL)and CascadeRCNN-guided object classification(CROC).The DBOL is responsible for finding potential ship objects,and the CROC is used to categorize the potential ship objects.We also design a pixel-spatial-level data augmentation(PSDA)to reduce the risk of detection model overfitting.We compare the proposed EfficientShip with state-of-the-art(SOTA)literature on a ship detection dataset called Seaships.Experiments show our ship detection framework achieves a result of 99.63%(mAP)at 45 fps,which is much better than 8 SOTA approaches on detection accuracy and can also meet the requirements of real-time application scenarios.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82003298)the Scientiffc and Technological Project of Henan Province(No.232102310392)+5 种基金the Key Research and Development Projects of Henan Province(No.222102310453,212102311025)Postdoctoral Research Grant in Henan Province(No.201901025)the Key Research Project of Henan Higher Education Institutions(No.18A350003)Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases,Henan Province(No.NMZL2020102)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0035)the Scientiffc Research Seedling Project of Chongqing Medicinal Biotechnology Association(No.cmba2022kyym-zkxmQ0009).
文摘Postoperative tumor recurrence remains a predominant cause of treatment failure. In this study, we developed an in situ injectable hydrogel, termed MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel, which was locally formed within the tumor resection cavity. The MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel was fabricated by mixing a thrombin solution, a fibrinogen solution containing all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and a Mn/NO-based immune nano-activator termed MPB-NO@DOX. ATRA promoted the differentiation of cancer stem cells, inhibited cancer cell migration, and affected the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. The outer MnO2 shell disintegrated due to its reaction with glutathione and hydrogen peroxide in the cytoplasm to release Mn2+ and produce O2, resulting in the release of doxorubicin (DOX). The released DOX entered the nucleus and destroyed DNA, and the fragmented DNA cooperated with Mn2+ to activate the cGAS-STING pathway and stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. In addition, when MPB-NO@DOX was exposed to 808 nm laser irradiation, the Fe-NO bond was broken to release NO, which downregulated the expression of PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells and reversed the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, the MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel exhibited excellent anti-tumor efficacy. The results of this study demonstrated the great potential of in situ injectable hydrogels in preventing postoperative tumor recurrence.
基金partly funded by the Key Research and Development Program of China(grant 2022YFC3601600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(grant 61876194)+1 种基金the Province Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong,China(grant 2024A1515011989)the Key Technologies Research and Development Program of Guangzhou Municipality(grant 202206010028).
文摘Background:Alterations of brain connectivity within resting-state networks(RSNs)have been widely reported in observational studies on epilepsy.However,the causal relationship between epilepsy and structural connectivity(SC)/functional connectivity(FC)within RSNs remain unclear.We conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)to explore the causal relationship between epilepsy subtypes and brain connectivity properties within RSNs.Methods:Genetic instruments were obtained from the latest genome-wide association studies(GWAS)of 69,995 individuals(N_(cases)=27,559,N_(controls)=42,436)issued by the International League Against Epilepsy.The GWAS summary SC/FC data within RSNs(N_(SC)=23,985,N_(FC)=24,336)were sourced from the Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research.We investigate the causal relationship between epilepsy subtypes and brain connectivity within RSNs through a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis.Results:We found that the increased risk of generalized genetic epilepsy is consistent with a causal effect on dorsal attention and somatomotor FC.In the reverse MR analysis,there was no suggestive causal effect of FC/SC connectivity on epilepsy subtypes.Conclusions:This study shed light on the associations of FC/SC levels within the RSNs and epilepsy along with its subtypes.This insight could yield crucial intervention strategies to different subtypes of epilepsy at the level of brain structure and functional networks.
