In August 2024,the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 78/321 to declare the period from 2025 to 2034 as the“Decade of Action for Cryospheric Sciences”.This action was championed by the Republic of Fr...In August 2024,the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 78/321 to declare the period from 2025 to 2034 as the“Decade of Action for Cryospheric Sciences”.This action was championed by the Republic of France and the Republic of Tajikistan,with support from over 30 member states,underscoring the urgent need for an international scientific collaboration to mitigate the far-reaching effects of cryospheric changes on ecosystems,water security,and global climate stability.A dedicated brainstorming session during the March 2025 celebrations in Paris convened over 1,000 policymakers,scientists,and stakeholders to outline the priorities for the Decade of Action.The session aimed to foster cross-border partnerships and strengthen the integration of cryospheric science into global climate adaptation strategies.Joint task force teams developed an integrated governance framework through discussions across five domains—scientific research,socioeconomic impacts,education,policy advocacy,and finance.The Decade of Action for Cryospheric Sciences represents a critical shift from observation to intervention,mobilizing global stakeholders to translate scientific consensus into concrete measures against cryosphere decline.The initiative responds to urgent calls from UNESCO and international partners for coordinated action on cryosphere preservation.展开更多
The surface properties of oxidic supports and their interaction with the supported metals play critical roles in governing the catalytic activities of oxide‐supported metal catalysts.When metals are supported on redu...The surface properties of oxidic supports and their interaction with the supported metals play critical roles in governing the catalytic activities of oxide‐supported metal catalysts.When metals are supported on reducible oxides,dynamic surface reconstruction phenomena,including strong metal–support interaction(SMSI)and oxygen vacancy formation,complicate the determination of the structural–functional relationship at the active sites.Here,we performed a systematic investigation of the dynamic behavior of Au nanocatalysts supported on flame‐synthesized TiO_(2),which takes predominantly a rutile phase,using CO oxidation above room temperature as a probe reaction.Our analysis conclusively elucidated a negative correlation between the catalytic activity of Au/TiO_(2) and the oxygen vacancy at the Au/TiO_(2) interface.Although the reversible formation and retracting of SMSI overlayers have been ubiquitously observed on Au/TiO_(2) samples,the catalytic consequence of SMSI remains inconclusive.Density functional theory suggests that the electron transfer from TiO_(2) to Au is correlated to the presence of the interfacial oxygen vacancies,retarding the catalytic activation of CO oxidation.展开更多
Objective:Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment 3(ERGIC3)promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in lung cancer,but its molecular mechanism is unclear.Methods:The GLC-82 cells were randomly divided i...Objective:Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment 3(ERGIC3)promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in lung cancer,but its molecular mechanism is unclear.Methods:The GLC-82 cells were randomly divided into the ERGIC3i group and the negative control group.The cells were transfected with ERGIC3 siRNA or control siRNA in the groups,respectively.The ERGIC3-interacting proteins expressed in cells or extracellularly were isolated by the immunoprecipitation method and detected by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.The differentially expressed proteins were determined by bioinformatic methods.Results:After ERGIC3 knockdown,88 extracellular differentially expressed proteins,41 upregulated and 47 down-regulated,were detected in the supernatant of cultured cells.Among 52 intracellular differentially expressed proteins,33 were up-regulated and 19 down-regulated.Cluster analysis showed that the extracellular differential proteins are mainly involved in Ca2+binding and transport and I-kappa B kinase/NF-kappa B signal transduction.The upregulated proteins are mainly involved in the biological process of H3-K27 and H3-K4 methylation in cells.Co-immunoprecipitation assay showed that proteins interacting with ERGIC3 were rich in cytoskeleton construction and RHO GTPases activated p21-activated kinases.The intersection of these two research methods shows that ERGIC3 interacts with HORN and filamin A(FLNA).Conclusion:Proteomic analyses reveal that ERGIC3 acts as a vesicle transmembrane protein on the distribution of various extracellular and intracellular proteins and regulates the extracellular and intracellular biological processes by specifically binding hornin(HORN)and FLNA proteins.These findings maybe provide new methods and ideas for ERGIC3 as a therapeutic target for lung cancer.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(eCO_(2)RR)has gained increasing attention as a promising strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of CO_(2)emission while simultaneously producing valuable chemical...CONSPECTUS:Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(eCO_(2)RR)has gained increasing attention as a promising strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of CO_(2)emission while simultaneously producing valuable chemicals or fuels.By converting CO_(2)into energy-rich products using renewable electricity,eCO_(2)RR provides a sustainable approach to reducing the carbon footprint and promoting a circular carbon economy.Among different reduction products,the formic acid(or formate)is particularly attractive due to its economic viability and diverse industrial applications,making it a key focus for both research and industrial adoption.Bismuth(Bi)-based electrocatalysts have emerged as promising candidates for eCO_(2)RR to formic acid,by virtue of their nontoxicity,low cost,high abundance and exceptional selectivity for the two-electron pathway.These characteristics allow Bi-based catalysts to effectively suppress competing reactions and maximize formic acid production.In this Account,we discuss our contributions,along with those of others,to advancing the field of Bi-based materials for formic acid/formate production,focusing on both the fundamental understanding of their unique catalytic properties and innovative strategies employed to enhance their performances.One of our significant contributions lies in the development of advanced nanostructures that enhance the catalytic activity of Bibased materials.By tailoring the size and morphology of Bi nanostructures,we have demonstrated improvements in active site density and reaction kinetics,leading to higher formic acid/formate selectivity and productivity.We have also explored the design of three-dimensional architectures,which provide enhanced mass transport and reduce diffusion limitations,thereby improving the overall efficiency of the catalytic process.Furthermore,works on defect engineering have revealed how modifying the electronic properties of Bi can optimize its binding affinity for key intermediates,significantly enhancing its catalytic performance.In addition to material innovations,recent research has contributed to the advancement of reactor designs that enable efficient and scalable eCO_(2)RR systems.We have optimized flow cells to ensure continuous operation with high mass transport efficiency,making them suitable for industrial production.Furthermore,studies on membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs)have integrated Bi-based catalysts into compact and energy-efficient systems,furthering enhancing the practical applicability of eCO_(2)RR.Solid-electrolyte systems have also been explored to simplify system configurations,improve stability and enable the production of pure formic acid.These efforts reflect the commitment of the community to bridging the gap between laboratory-scale research and industrial-scale implementation.Despite the significant progress achieved,challenges remain in fully realizing the potential of Bi-based eCO_(2)RR technologies.Future efforts should focus on improving the long-term stability of catalysts,using advanced characterization techniques to gain deeper insights into reaction mechanisms,and further refining reactor configurations for large-scale applications.Addressing these challenges will be crucial to unlocking the full potential of Bi-based systems for sustainable chemical manufacturing.展开更多
The electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)to formic acid or formate represents one of the most economically promising route for CO_(2)utilization.While substantial advances in catalyst design and electrolyzer engineering...The electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)to formic acid or formate represents one of the most economically promising route for CO_(2)utilization.While substantial advances in catalyst design and electrolyzer engineering have been achieved in recent years,critical uncertainties remain regarding the reaction pathway and the often-debated role of alkali metal cations.Resolving these discrepancies requires precise kinetic analysis under well-defined conditions.In this work,we systematically investigate the kinetics of CO_(2)reduction to formic acid or formate across a wide pH range,enabled by two key developments:the identification of BiPO_(4)as a stable precatalyst under acidic conditions through comprehensive screening,and the implementation of sensitive ion chromatography for accurate product quantification,even at low current density where conventional methods struggle.Our electrokinetic data suggest that the reaction proceeds via sequential electron and proton transfers rather than proton-coupled electron transfer as proposed by many computational simulations.Notably,the rate-determining step transitions from the proton transfer step at low overpotential to the first electron transfer step at high overpotential,with the proton source dependent on electrolyte pH.Furthermore,through K+reaction order analysis and crown ether chelation experiments,we demonstrate that the alkali cations are not merely spectators but actively participate in the reaction,likely by stabilizing negatively charged intermediates via electrostatic interactions.展开更多
The electrochemical carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction provides a means to upgrade CO_(2)into value-added chemicals.When powered by renewable electric-ity,CO_(2)electroreduction holds the promise of chemical manufacturin...The electrochemical carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction provides a means to upgrade CO_(2)into value-added chemicals.When powered by renewable electric-ity,CO_(2)electroreduction holds the promise of chemical manufacturing with carbon neutrality.A commercially relevant CO_(2)electroreduction process should be highly selective and productive toward desired products,energetically efficient for power conversion,and stable for long-term operation.To achieve these goals,designing gas-diffusion catalytic electrodes and prototyping reactors built upon in-depth understandings of the reaction mechanisms are of para-mount importance.In this review,the fundamentals of gas-diffusion electrodes are briefly presented.Then,the most recent advances in developing high-performance CO_(2)reduction using gas-diffusion electrodes are overviewed.Reactor engineering aiming at enhancing productivity,energy efficiency,CO_(2)single-pass utilization,and operating lifetime is further discussed.Challenges in developing CO_(2)electroreduction systems are included.The prospects for advancing CO_(2)electroreduction toward practical applications are also narrated.展开更多
Perovskite nanocrystal(PNC)solids are promising materials for optoelectronic applications.Recent studies have shown that exciton diffusion in PNC solids occurs via alternate exciton hopping(EH)and photon recycling(PR)...Perovskite nanocrystal(PNC)solids are promising materials for optoelectronic applications.Recent studies have shown that exciton diffusion in PNC solids occurs via alternate exciton hopping(EH)and photon recycling(PR).The energy disorder induced by the size distribution is a common factor in PNC solids,and the impact of this energy disorder on the exciton diffusion remains unclear.Here,we investigated the exciton diffusion in CsPbBr3 NC solids with a Gaussian size distribution of 11.2±6.8 nm via steady and time-resolved photoluminescence(PL)spectroscopy with multiple detection bands in transmission mode.Our results indicated that exciton diffusion was controlled by a downhill transfer among the different energy sites through the disordered energy landscape,as confirmed by the accompanying low-temperature PL analysis.A detailed examination revealed that the acceptor distribution in tandem with the reabsorption coefficient determined the contribution of EH and PR to exciton transfer between different energy sites.Consequently,the exciton diffusion mechanism varied in PNC solids of different thicknesses:in a thin solid with a thickness of several hundred nanometers,the exciton transfer was dominated by efficient EH and PR from the high-energy sites to the lower-energy sites;in a few-micrometer-thick solid,transfer from the medium-energy sites toward the lower-energy sites also became prominent and occurred mainly through PR.These findings enhance the understanding of the vital role that the acceptor distribution plays in the exciton diffusion process in PNC solids,providing important insights for optoelectronic applications based on PNC solids.Our work also exploits the use of commonly available tools for in-depth exciton diffusion studies,which reveals the interior diffusion information that is usually hidden in surface sensitive PL imaging methods.展开更多
The severe dendrite growth on zinc anode in alkaline electrolyte brings great challenge to the development of zinc-based batteries.It is a simple and effective strategy to inhibit zinc dendrite formation by introducin...The severe dendrite growth on zinc anode in alkaline electrolyte brings great challenge to the development of zinc-based batteries.It is a simple and effective strategy to inhibit zinc dendrite formation by introducing additives into the electrolyte.In this study,N,S-doped carbon dots(TU-CQDs)were synthesized and used as additives to regulate zinc deposition in a typical KOH electrolyte.The experimental and three-dimensional transient nucleation model disclosed that the special functional groups of carbon dots can change the electrode surface state and the coordination behaviors of zinc species in the electrolyte.Therefore,TU-CQDs can not only inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction,but also achieve uniform zinc deposition.The in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging elucidated that TU-CQDs can effectively inhibit the dendrite growth and improve the reversibility of zinc plating/stripping process.This work provides a feasible route for regulating the reversibility of zinc metal anode in alkaline electrolyte.展开更多
The instability of lead halide perovskites in various application-related conditions is a key challenge to be resolved. We investigated the formation of metal nanoparticles during transmission electron microscopy(TEM)...The instability of lead halide perovskites in various application-related conditions is a key challenge to be resolved. We investigated the formation of metal nanoparticles during transmission electron microscopy(TEM) imaging of perovskite-related metal halide compounds. The metal nanoparticle formation on these materials originates from stimulated desorption of halogen under electron beams and subsequent aggregation of metal atoms. Based on shared mechanisms,the TEM-based degradation test can help to evaluate the material stability against light irradiation.展开更多
基金support from USA NSF Grant OPP2213875NASA Grant 80NSSC22K1707.
文摘In August 2024,the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 78/321 to declare the period from 2025 to 2034 as the“Decade of Action for Cryospheric Sciences”.This action was championed by the Republic of France and the Republic of Tajikistan,with support from over 30 member states,underscoring the urgent need for an international scientific collaboration to mitigate the far-reaching effects of cryospheric changes on ecosystems,water security,and global climate stability.A dedicated brainstorming session during the March 2025 celebrations in Paris convened over 1,000 policymakers,scientists,and stakeholders to outline the priorities for the Decade of Action.The session aimed to foster cross-border partnerships and strengthen the integration of cryospheric science into global climate adaptation strategies.Joint task force teams developed an integrated governance framework through discussions across five domains—scientific research,socioeconomic impacts,education,policy advocacy,and finance.The Decade of Action for Cryospheric Sciences represents a critical shift from observation to intervention,mobilizing global stakeholders to translate scientific consensus into concrete measures against cryosphere decline.The initiative responds to urgent calls from UNESCO and international partners for coordinated action on cryosphere preservation.
基金Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,Grant/Award Numbers:2020GK2070,2021RC4006Innovation‐Driven Project of Central South University,Grant/Award Number:2020CX008+3 种基金China Scholarship Council(CSC)National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFE0105900National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:52276093National Research Foundation Singapore,Grant/Award Number:CREATE。
文摘The surface properties of oxidic supports and their interaction with the supported metals play critical roles in governing the catalytic activities of oxide‐supported metal catalysts.When metals are supported on reducible oxides,dynamic surface reconstruction phenomena,including strong metal–support interaction(SMSI)and oxygen vacancy formation,complicate the determination of the structural–functional relationship at the active sites.Here,we performed a systematic investigation of the dynamic behavior of Au nanocatalysts supported on flame‐synthesized TiO_(2),which takes predominantly a rutile phase,using CO oxidation above room temperature as a probe reaction.Our analysis conclusively elucidated a negative correlation between the catalytic activity of Au/TiO_(2) and the oxygen vacancy at the Au/TiO_(2) interface.Although the reversible formation and retracting of SMSI overlayers have been ubiquitously observed on Au/TiO_(2) samples,the catalytic consequence of SMSI remains inconclusive.Density functional theory suggests that the electron transfer from TiO_(2) to Au is correlated to the presence of the interfacial oxygen vacancies,retarding the catalytic activation of CO oxidation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81760508)Zunyi City“15851 Talent Elite”Project(Grant No.81760508)+1 种基金Natural Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(QiankeheZhicheng[2022]YiBan182)Young Scientific and Technological Talents Growth Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education[Grant No.QianJiaoHe KY Zi[2022]280 Hao].
文摘Objective:Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment 3(ERGIC3)promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in lung cancer,but its molecular mechanism is unclear.Methods:The GLC-82 cells were randomly divided into the ERGIC3i group and the negative control group.The cells were transfected with ERGIC3 siRNA or control siRNA in the groups,respectively.The ERGIC3-interacting proteins expressed in cells or extracellularly were isolated by the immunoprecipitation method and detected by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.The differentially expressed proteins were determined by bioinformatic methods.Results:After ERGIC3 knockdown,88 extracellular differentially expressed proteins,41 upregulated and 47 down-regulated,were detected in the supernatant of cultured cells.Among 52 intracellular differentially expressed proteins,33 were up-regulated and 19 down-regulated.Cluster analysis showed that the extracellular differential proteins are mainly involved in Ca2+binding and transport and I-kappa B kinase/NF-kappa B signal transduction.The upregulated proteins are mainly involved in the biological process of H3-K27 and H3-K4 methylation in cells.Co-immunoprecipitation assay showed that proteins interacting with ERGIC3 were rich in cytoskeleton construction and RHO GTPases activated p21-activated kinases.The intersection of these two research methods shows that ERGIC3 interacts with HORN and filamin A(FLNA).Conclusion:Proteomic analyses reveal that ERGIC3 acts as a vesicle transmembrane protein on the distribution of various extracellular and intracellular proteins and regulates the extracellular and intracellular biological processes by specifically binding hornin(HORN)and FLNA proteins.These findings maybe provide new methods and ideas for ERGIC3 as a therapeutic target for lung cancer.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52425209,52161160331 and 22279084)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20220027)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology.
文摘CONSPECTUS:Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(eCO_(2)RR)has gained increasing attention as a promising strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of CO_(2)emission while simultaneously producing valuable chemicals or fuels.By converting CO_(2)into energy-rich products using renewable electricity,eCO_(2)RR provides a sustainable approach to reducing the carbon footprint and promoting a circular carbon economy.Among different reduction products,the formic acid(or formate)is particularly attractive due to its economic viability and diverse industrial applications,making it a key focus for both research and industrial adoption.Bismuth(Bi)-based electrocatalysts have emerged as promising candidates for eCO_(2)RR to formic acid,by virtue of their nontoxicity,low cost,high abundance and exceptional selectivity for the two-electron pathway.These characteristics allow Bi-based catalysts to effectively suppress competing reactions and maximize formic acid production.In this Account,we discuss our contributions,along with those of others,to advancing the field of Bi-based materials for formic acid/formate production,focusing on both the fundamental understanding of their unique catalytic properties and innovative strategies employed to enhance their performances.One of our significant contributions lies in the development of advanced nanostructures that enhance the catalytic activity of Bibased materials.By tailoring the size and morphology of Bi nanostructures,we have demonstrated improvements in active site density and reaction kinetics,leading to higher formic acid/formate selectivity and productivity.We have also explored the design of three-dimensional architectures,which provide enhanced mass transport and reduce diffusion limitations,thereby improving the overall efficiency of the catalytic process.Furthermore,works on defect engineering have revealed how modifying the electronic properties of Bi can optimize its binding affinity for key intermediates,significantly enhancing its catalytic performance.In addition to material innovations,recent research has contributed to the advancement of reactor designs that enable efficient and scalable eCO_(2)RR systems.We have optimized flow cells to ensure continuous operation with high mass transport efficiency,making them suitable for industrial production.Furthermore,studies on membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs)have integrated Bi-based catalysts into compact and energy-efficient systems,furthering enhancing the practical applicability of eCO_(2)RR.Solid-electrolyte systems have also been explored to simplify system configurations,improve stability and enable the production of pure formic acid.These efforts reflect the commitment of the community to bridging the gap between laboratory-scale research and industrial-scale implementation.Despite the significant progress achieved,challenges remain in fully realizing the potential of Bi-based eCO_(2)RR technologies.Future efforts should focus on improving the long-term stability of catalysts,using advanced characterization techniques to gain deeper insights into reaction mechanisms,and further refining reactor configurations for large-scale applications.Addressing these challenges will be crucial to unlocking the full potential of Bi-based systems for sustainable chemical manufacturing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52425209,52161160331,and 22309126)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(CPSF)(GZC20231878)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2022ZB543)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology。
文摘The electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)to formic acid or formate represents one of the most economically promising route for CO_(2)utilization.While substantial advances in catalyst design and electrolyzer engineering have been achieved in recent years,critical uncertainties remain regarding the reaction pathway and the often-debated role of alkali metal cations.Resolving these discrepancies requires precise kinetic analysis under well-defined conditions.In this work,we systematically investigate the kinetics of CO_(2)reduction to formic acid or formate across a wide pH range,enabled by two key developments:the identification of BiPO_(4)as a stable precatalyst under acidic conditions through comprehensive screening,and the implementation of sensitive ion chromatography for accurate product quantification,even at low current density where conventional methods struggle.Our electrokinetic data suggest that the reaction proceeds via sequential electron and proton transfers rather than proton-coupled electron transfer as proposed by many computational simulations.Notably,the rate-determining step transitions from the proton transfer step at low overpotential to the first electron transfer step at high overpotential,with the proton source dependent on electrolyte pH.Furthermore,through K+reaction order analysis and crown ether chelation experiments,we demonstrate that the alkali cations are not merely spectators but actively participate in the reaction,likely by stabilizing negatively charged intermediates via electrostatic interactions.
基金Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices111 Project+1 种基金Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologyMinistry of Science and Technology,Grant/Award Number:2017YFA0204800。
文摘The electrochemical carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction provides a means to upgrade CO_(2)into value-added chemicals.When powered by renewable electric-ity,CO_(2)electroreduction holds the promise of chemical manufacturing with carbon neutrality.A commercially relevant CO_(2)electroreduction process should be highly selective and productive toward desired products,energetically efficient for power conversion,and stable for long-term operation.To achieve these goals,designing gas-diffusion catalytic electrodes and prototyping reactors built upon in-depth understandings of the reaction mechanisms are of para-mount importance.In this review,the fundamentals of gas-diffusion electrodes are briefly presented.Then,the most recent advances in developing high-performance CO_(2)reduction using gas-diffusion electrodes are overviewed.Reactor engineering aiming at enhancing productivity,energy efficiency,CO_(2)single-pass utilization,and operating lifetime is further discussed.Challenges in developing CO_(2)electroreduction systems are included.The prospects for advancing CO_(2)electroreduction toward practical applications are also narrated.
基金financially supported by Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(JCYJ20200109142425294)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62034009 and 62104266)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program(2022A006)。
文摘Perovskite nanocrystal(PNC)solids are promising materials for optoelectronic applications.Recent studies have shown that exciton diffusion in PNC solids occurs via alternate exciton hopping(EH)and photon recycling(PR).The energy disorder induced by the size distribution is a common factor in PNC solids,and the impact of this energy disorder on the exciton diffusion remains unclear.Here,we investigated the exciton diffusion in CsPbBr3 NC solids with a Gaussian size distribution of 11.2±6.8 nm via steady and time-resolved photoluminescence(PL)spectroscopy with multiple detection bands in transmission mode.Our results indicated that exciton diffusion was controlled by a downhill transfer among the different energy sites through the disordered energy landscape,as confirmed by the accompanying low-temperature PL analysis.A detailed examination revealed that the acceptor distribution in tandem with the reabsorption coefficient determined the contribution of EH and PR to exciton transfer between different energy sites.Consequently,the exciton diffusion mechanism varied in PNC solids of different thicknesses:in a thin solid with a thickness of several hundred nanometers,the exciton transfer was dominated by efficient EH and PR from the high-energy sites to the lower-energy sites;in a few-micrometer-thick solid,transfer from the medium-energy sites toward the lower-energy sites also became prominent and occurred mainly through PR.These findings enhance the understanding of the vital role that the acceptor distribution plays in the exciton diffusion process in PNC solids,providing important insights for optoelectronic applications based on PNC solids.Our work also exploits the use of commonly available tools for in-depth exciton diffusion studies,which reveals the interior diffusion information that is usually hidden in surface sensitive PL imaging methods.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1907801)Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University(No.2020CX007).
文摘The severe dendrite growth on zinc anode in alkaline electrolyte brings great challenge to the development of zinc-based batteries.It is a simple and effective strategy to inhibit zinc dendrite formation by introducing additives into the electrolyte.In this study,N,S-doped carbon dots(TU-CQDs)were synthesized and used as additives to regulate zinc deposition in a typical KOH electrolyte.The experimental and three-dimensional transient nucleation model disclosed that the special functional groups of carbon dots can change the electrode surface state and the coordination behaviors of zinc species in the electrolyte.Therefore,TU-CQDs can not only inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction,but also achieve uniform zinc deposition.The in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging elucidated that TU-CQDs can effectively inhibit the dendrite growth and improve the reversibility of zinc plating/stripping process.This work provides a feasible route for regulating the reversibility of zinc metal anode in alkaline electrolyte.
基金supported by the Recruiting Program of Sun Yatsen University in China (No. 76180-18841225)the funding from the European Union under grant agreement No. 614897 (ERC Grant TRANS-NANO)。
文摘The instability of lead halide perovskites in various application-related conditions is a key challenge to be resolved. We investigated the formation of metal nanoparticles during transmission electron microscopy(TEM) imaging of perovskite-related metal halide compounds. The metal nanoparticle formation on these materials originates from stimulated desorption of halogen under electron beams and subsequent aggregation of metal atoms. Based on shared mechanisms,the TEM-based degradation test can help to evaluate the material stability against light irradiation.
