The Stellar Abundances and Galactic Evolution Survey(SAGES)is a multi-band survey that covers the northern sky area of~12,000 deg2.The Nanshan One-meter Wide-field Telescope(NOWT)of the Xinjiang Astronomical Observato...The Stellar Abundances and Galactic Evolution Survey(SAGES)is a multi-band survey that covers the northern sky area of~12,000 deg2.The Nanshan One-meter Wide-field Telescope(NOWT)of the Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory carried out observations on g/r/i bands.Here,we present the survey strategy,data processing,catalog construction,and database schema.The observations of NOWT started in 2016 August and were completed in2018 January,a total of 17,827 frames were obtained and~4600 deg2 sky areas were covered.In this paper,we release the catalog of the data in the g/r/i bands observed by NOWT.In total,there are 109,197,578 items of source records.The catalog is the supplement for the SDSS for the bright end,and the combination of our catalog and these catalogs could be helpful for source selections for other surveys and Milky Way sciences,e.g.,white dwarf candidates and stellar flares.展开更多
Emerging stimuli-responsive composite probes active in the second nearinfrared window(NIR-II,1000–1700 nm)hold vast potential for improving in vivo imaging performance with minimized noise interference.The interactio...Emerging stimuli-responsive composite probes active in the second nearinfrared window(NIR-II,1000–1700 nm)hold vast potential for improving in vivo imaging performance with minimized noise interference.The interactions among external irradiation,shell species,and the emissive core are key factors in the design of smart structures.The external irradiation provides energy for shell species and the emissive core to generate intense NIR-II fluorescence signals,while the energy transfer process hinders NIR-II emission in the inner structure of smart composite probes.However,if pathophysiological stimuli interrupt the above processes,then NIR-II fluorescence signals are recovered.This review covers NIR-II imaging based on diverse smart composite NIR-II fluorescent probes responding to various biological stimuli,including ONOO−,overexpressed reactive sulfur species,abnormally expressed enzymes,and abnormal levels of physiological metabolites.Finally,to appreciate these advances,the challenges and perspectives of stimuliresponsive composite NIR-II probes are highlighted.展开更多
Traditional thermal power units are continuously replaced by renewable energies,of which fluctuations and intermittence impose pressure on the frequency stability of the power system.Electrolytic aluminum load(EAL)acc...Traditional thermal power units are continuously replaced by renewable energies,of which fluctuations and intermittence impose pressure on the frequency stability of the power system.Electrolytic aluminum load(EAL)accounts for large amount of the local electric loads in some areas.The participation of EAL in local frequency control has huge application prospects.However,the controller design of EAL is difficult due to the measurement noise of the system frequency and the nonlinear dynamics of the EAL’s electric power consumption.Focusing on this problem,this paper proposes a control strategy for EAL to participate in the frequency control.For the controller design of the EAL system,the system frequency response model is established and the EAL transfer function model is developed based on the equivalent circuit of EAL.For the problem of load-side frequency measurement error,the frequency estimation method based on Kalman-filtering is designed.To improve the performance of EAL in the frequency control,a fuzzy EAL controller is designed.The testing examples show that the designed Kalman-filter has good performance in de-noising the measured frequency,and the designed fuzzy controller has better performance in stabilizing system frequency than traditional methods.展开更多
Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide.The blood‒brain barrier(BBB)is the first line of defense after ischemic stroke.Disruption of the BBB induced by brain microvascular endothelia...Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide.The blood‒brain barrier(BBB)is the first line of defense after ischemic stroke.Disruption of the BBB induced by brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMECs)dysfunction is a key event that triggers secondary damage to the central nervous system,where blood-borne fluids and immune cells penetrate the brain parenchyma,causing cerebral edema and inflammatory response and further aggravating brain damage.Here,we develop a novel artificial mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)extracellular vesicles by integrating MSC membrane proteins into liposomal bilayers,which encapsulated miR-132-3p with protective effects on BMECs.The artificial extracellular vesicles(MSCo/miR-132-3p)had low immunogenicity to reduce non-specific clearance by the mononuclear phagocytosis system(MPS)and could target ischemia Apoptosis;Ischemic stroke therapy injured BMECs.After internalization into the damaged BMECs,MSCo/miR-132-3p escaped the lysosomes via the H_(Ⅱ) phase transition of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(DOPE)and decreased cellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)and apoptosis levels by regulating the RASA1/RAS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.In the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAO)models,MSCo/miR-132-3p targeted impaired brain regions(approximately 9 times the accumulation of plain liposomes at 12 h),reduced cerebral vascular disruption,protected BBB integrity,and decreased infarct volume(from 44.95% to 6.99%).展开更多
Simultaneous photothermal and photodynamic therapies(PTT and PDT)hold great promise for noninvasive tumor therapy.However,effective regulation of PTT and PDT with optimal synergistic effects remains a challenge.To dat...Simultaneous photothermal and photodynamic therapies(PTT and PDT)hold great promise for noninvasive tumor therapy.However,effective regulation of PTT and PDT with optimal synergistic effects remains a challenge.To date,there are only a few synergistic PTT and PDT methods with suitable collaborative effects due to the rarity of efficient nanoplatforms with good cascading properties.To overcome this limitation,a proof-of-concept of self-cascade PTT and PDT was developed for hypoxia-reversible tumor therapy.With the assembly of dimeric indocyanine green(DICG)with oxygen nanobubbles(O_(2)-NBs),DICG/O_(2)-NBs typically exhibit J-aggregates for significant PTT effects,with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 51.45% under 880 nm light irradiation.Interestingly,the PTT performance of DICG/O_(2)-NBs can switch J-aggregates of DICG into DICG monomers with efficient O_(2) gas liberation,while producing hydroxyl radicals for type Ⅰ PDT.Additionally,the evolved DICG monomer reacts with the released O_(2) to generate plenty of 1O_(2) for efficient type Ⅱ PDT.With these advantages,the cascaded nanoplatform achieves good tumor targeting and biocompatibility,and thus has high tumor inhibition of 94.26%,with an obvious ability to reverse hypoxia.This work demonstrates the efficiency of self-cascade PTT and PDT nanomedicine for high-performance hypoxia-reversible tumor ablation,thus providing a new approach for the development of cascading phototheranostics in vivo.展开更多
As life expectancy increases globally,the prevalence of various age-related diseases among the elderly is rising.Advancing age is associated with both the incidence and mortality of a variety of respiratory diseases;h...As life expectancy increases globally,the prevalence of various age-related diseases among the elderly is rising.Advancing age is associated with both the incidence and mortality of a variety of respiratory diseases;however,the specific correlations and underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.This review summarizes changes in lung physiology and structure,as well as the biology of immune system cells,in relation to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,acute respiratory distress syndrome,pulmonary hypertension,asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and lung cancer.It also offers a comprehensive discussion of the relationships between these lung diseases and aging,along with potential mechanistic insights.Finally,the review underscores that the as-sociation between aging and lung disease supports the development of personalized intervention strategies,with particular consideration of disease heterogeneity.Future research should prioritize the identification and valida-tion of robust aging biomarkers and aging-related disease phenotypes.展开更多
Weyl fermion is a massless Dirac fermion with definite chirality,which has been long pursued since 1929.Though it has not been observed as a fundamental particle in nature,Weyl fermion can be realized as low-energy ex...Weyl fermion is a massless Dirac fermion with definite chirality,which has been long pursued since 1929.Though it has not been observed as a fundamental particle in nature,Weyl fermion can be realized as low-energy excitation around Weyl point in Weyl semimetal,which possesses Weyl fermion cones in the bulk and nontrivial Fermi arc states on the surface. As a firstly discovered Weyl semimetal,Ta As crystal possesses 12 pairs of Weyl points in the momentum space,which are topologically protected against small perturbations. Here,we report for the first time the tip induced superconductivity on Ta As crystal by point contact spectroscopy. The zero bias conductance peak as well as a conductance plateau with double conductance peaks and sharp double dips are observed in the point contact spectra simultaneously,indicating unconventional superconductivity. Our further theoretical study suggests that the induced superconductivity may have nontrivial topology. The present work opens a new route in investigating the novel superconducting states based on Weyl materials.展开更多
We search for metal-rich Sausage-kinematic(MRSK)stars with[Fe/H]>−0.8 and−100<Vϕ<50 km/s in LAMOST DR5 in order to investigate the influence of the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus(GSE)merger event on the Galactic disk...We search for metal-rich Sausage-kinematic(MRSK)stars with[Fe/H]>−0.8 and−100<Vϕ<50 km/s in LAMOST DR5 in order to investigate the influence of the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus(GSE)merger event on the Galactic disk.For the first time,we find a group of low-αMRSK stars,and classify it as a metal-rich tail of the GSE galaxy based on the chemical and kinematical properties.This group has slightly larger R_(apo),Z_(max) and Etot distributions than a previously-reported high-αgroup.Its low-αratio does not allow for an origin resulting from the splash process of the GSE merger event,as is proposed to explain the high-αgroup.A hydrodynamical simulation by Amarante et al.provides a promising solution,in which the GSE galaxy is a clumpy Milky-Way analogue that develops a bimodal disk chemistry.This scenario explains the existence of MRSK stars with both high-αand low-αratios found in this work.It is further supported by another new feature that a clump of MRSK stars is located at Z_(max)=3-5 kpc,which corresponds to the widely adopted disk-halo transition at|Z|∼4 kpc.We suggest that a pile-up of MRSK stars at Zmax contributes significantly to this disk-halo transition,an interesting imprint left by the GSE merger event.These results also provide an important implication on the connection between the GSE and the Virgo Radial Merger.展开更多
To the Editor:Owing to the heterogeneity of congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary hypertension(CHDPH)disease and the development of the pulmonary vascular system in pediatric patients,the management of CHD-PH ...To the Editor:Owing to the heterogeneity of congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary hypertension(CHDPH)disease and the development of the pulmonary vascular system in pediatric patients,the management of CHD-PH in children is signicantly different from that in adults.[1]Early identication and intervention of CHD-PH are of great signicance for disease management in children with CHD,and non-invasive,accurate clinical tools are urgently needed to predict PH risk in children with CHD.However,the applicability of the current risk-scoring system to pediatric CHD-PH remains unclear.Furthermore,there are presently no user-friendly,non-invasive online tools available for predicting CHD-PH,and there is a scarcity of related studies in Asian populations.This study aimed to develop and validate the prediction tools for estimating the risk of pulmonary hypertension and clinical deterioration in children with congenital heart disease.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant Nos.12261141689,12090044,and 12090040sponsored by the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region“Tianchi Talent”Introduction Plan。
文摘The Stellar Abundances and Galactic Evolution Survey(SAGES)is a multi-band survey that covers the northern sky area of~12,000 deg2.The Nanshan One-meter Wide-field Telescope(NOWT)of the Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory carried out observations on g/r/i bands.Here,we present the survey strategy,data processing,catalog construction,and database schema.The observations of NOWT started in 2016 August and were completed in2018 January,a total of 17,827 frames were obtained and~4600 deg2 sky areas were covered.In this paper,we release the catalog of the data in the g/r/i bands observed by NOWT.In total,there are 109,197,578 items of source records.The catalog is the supplement for the SDSS for the bright end,and the combination of our catalog and these catalogs could be helpful for source selections for other surveys and Milky Way sciences,e.g.,white dwarf candidates and stellar flares.
基金Young Top-notch Talent Cultivation Program of Hubei Province,ChinaNatural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,Grant/Award Number:2021CFB344。
文摘Emerging stimuli-responsive composite probes active in the second nearinfrared window(NIR-II,1000–1700 nm)hold vast potential for improving in vivo imaging performance with minimized noise interference.The interactions among external irradiation,shell species,and the emissive core are key factors in the design of smart structures.The external irradiation provides energy for shell species and the emissive core to generate intense NIR-II fluorescence signals,while the energy transfer process hinders NIR-II emission in the inner structure of smart composite probes.However,if pathophysiological stimuli interrupt the above processes,then NIR-II fluorescence signals are recovered.This review covers NIR-II imaging based on diverse smart composite NIR-II fluorescent probes responding to various biological stimuli,including ONOO−,overexpressed reactive sulfur species,abnormally expressed enzymes,and abnormal levels of physiological metabolites.Finally,to appreciate these advances,the challenges and perspectives of stimuliresponsive composite NIR-II probes are highlighted.
基金funded by Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China:Research on the Construction and Evaluation Technology of the Data-Driven-based Adjustable Resource Pool of Typical Industrial Enterprises,Grant No.1400-202016386A-0-0-00.
文摘Traditional thermal power units are continuously replaced by renewable energies,of which fluctuations and intermittence impose pressure on the frequency stability of the power system.Electrolytic aluminum load(EAL)accounts for large amount of the local electric loads in some areas.The participation of EAL in local frequency control has huge application prospects.However,the controller design of EAL is difficult due to the measurement noise of the system frequency and the nonlinear dynamics of the EAL’s electric power consumption.Focusing on this problem,this paper proposes a control strategy for EAL to participate in the frequency control.For the controller design of the EAL system,the system frequency response model is established and the EAL transfer function model is developed based on the equivalent circuit of EAL.For the problem of load-side frequency measurement error,the frequency estimation method based on Kalman-filtering is designed.To improve the performance of EAL in the frequency control,a fuzzy EAL controller is designed.The testing examples show that the designed Kalman-filter has good performance in de-noising the measured frequency,and the designed fuzzy controller has better performance in stabilizing system frequency than traditional methods.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(82473862 and 82304414)the open fund of National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Formulations for Overcoming Delivery Barriers(2024-KFA-007,China)+2 种基金Top Talent Support Program for young and middle-aged people of Wuxi Health Committee(HB2023103,China)Wuxi Young Science and Technology Talent Support Program(TJXD-2024-107,China)Key Science Foundation of Jiangyin Health Committee(K202101,China).
文摘Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide.The blood‒brain barrier(BBB)is the first line of defense after ischemic stroke.Disruption of the BBB induced by brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMECs)dysfunction is a key event that triggers secondary damage to the central nervous system,where blood-borne fluids and immune cells penetrate the brain parenchyma,causing cerebral edema and inflammatory response and further aggravating brain damage.Here,we develop a novel artificial mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)extracellular vesicles by integrating MSC membrane proteins into liposomal bilayers,which encapsulated miR-132-3p with protective effects on BMECs.The artificial extracellular vesicles(MSCo/miR-132-3p)had low immunogenicity to reduce non-specific clearance by the mononuclear phagocytosis system(MPS)and could target ischemia Apoptosis;Ischemic stroke therapy injured BMECs.After internalization into the damaged BMECs,MSCo/miR-132-3p escaped the lysosomes via the H_(Ⅱ) phase transition of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(DOPE)and decreased cellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)and apoptosis levels by regulating the RASA1/RAS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.In the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAO)models,MSCo/miR-132-3p targeted impaired brain regions(approximately 9 times the accumulation of plain liposomes at 12 h),reduced cerebral vascular disruption,protected BBB integrity,and decreased infarct volume(from 44.95% to 6.99%).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFF0713600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62375138,and 52173135)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Innovative Research Group Project(No.61821002)the Frontier Fundamental Research Program of Jiangsu Province for Leading Technology(No.BK 20222002)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK 20231523)Jiangsu Specially Appointed Professorship.
文摘Simultaneous photothermal and photodynamic therapies(PTT and PDT)hold great promise for noninvasive tumor therapy.However,effective regulation of PTT and PDT with optimal synergistic effects remains a challenge.To date,there are only a few synergistic PTT and PDT methods with suitable collaborative effects due to the rarity of efficient nanoplatforms with good cascading properties.To overcome this limitation,a proof-of-concept of self-cascade PTT and PDT was developed for hypoxia-reversible tumor therapy.With the assembly of dimeric indocyanine green(DICG)with oxygen nanobubbles(O_(2)-NBs),DICG/O_(2)-NBs typically exhibit J-aggregates for significant PTT effects,with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 51.45% under 880 nm light irradiation.Interestingly,the PTT performance of DICG/O_(2)-NBs can switch J-aggregates of DICG into DICG monomers with efficient O_(2) gas liberation,while producing hydroxyl radicals for type Ⅰ PDT.Additionally,the evolved DICG monomer reacts with the released O_(2) to generate plenty of 1O_(2) for efficient type Ⅱ PDT.With these advantages,the cascaded nanoplatform achieves good tumor targeting and biocompatibility,and thus has high tumor inhibition of 94.26%,with an obvious ability to reverse hypoxia.This work demonstrates the efficiency of self-cascade PTT and PDT nanomedicine for high-performance hypoxia-reversible tumor ablation,thus providing a new approach for the development of cascading phototheranostics in vivo.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Nos.82130001,82272243,82330002,82225001,82430002,82270039,82270052,82241012,82120108001,82170065,82170069,82370063,82470063,82030001,82573498)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.ZD2021CY001)+5 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2024YFC3044400,2022YFE0131500,2024YFA1108500,2021YFC2500704)the Research&Development Program of Guangzhou National Laboratory(Nos.GZNL2024A02003,GZNL2023A02013)the Construction of a Multi-Disciplinary Treatment System for Severe Pneumonia(No.W2020-013)the Shanghai 3-Year Action Plan to Strengthen the Construction of Public Health System(No.GWVI-11.1-18)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.22Y11900800)the Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty(No.shslczdzk02201).
文摘As life expectancy increases globally,the prevalence of various age-related diseases among the elderly is rising.Advancing age is associated with both the incidence and mortality of a variety of respiratory diseases;however,the specific correlations and underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.This review summarizes changes in lung physiology and structure,as well as the biology of immune system cells,in relation to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,acute respiratory distress syndrome,pulmonary hypertension,asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and lung cancer.It also offers a comprehensive discussion of the relationships between these lung diseases and aging,along with potential mechanistic insights.Finally,the review underscores that the as-sociation between aging and lung disease supports the development of personalized intervention strategies,with particular consideration of disease heterogeneity.Future research should prioritize the identification and valida-tion of robust aging biomarkers and aging-related disease phenotypes.
基金financially supported by National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB934600,2012CB927400,2012CB921300,and 2016YFA0301604)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (RFDP) of China+2 种基金the Open Project Program of the Pulsed High Magnetic Field Facility (PHMFF2015002)Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physicsthe National Natural Science Foundation of China (11474008 and 11574008)
文摘Weyl fermion is a massless Dirac fermion with definite chirality,which has been long pursued since 1929.Though it has not been observed as a fundamental particle in nature,Weyl fermion can be realized as low-energy excitation around Weyl point in Weyl semimetal,which possesses Weyl fermion cones in the bulk and nontrivial Fermi arc states on the surface. As a firstly discovered Weyl semimetal,Ta As crystal possesses 12 pairs of Weyl points in the momentum space,which are topologically protected against small perturbations. Here,we report for the first time the tip induced superconductivity on Ta As crystal by point contact spectroscopy. The zero bias conductance peak as well as a conductance plateau with double conductance peaks and sharp double dips are observed in the point contact spectra simultaneously,indicating unconventional superconductivity. Our further theoretical study suggests that the induced superconductivity may have nontrivial topology. The present work opens a new route in investigating the novel superconducting states based on Weyl materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11988101, 11625313, and 11890694)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2019YFA0405502)+1 种基金the 2-m Chinese Space Survey Telescope projectGuoshoujing Telescope (the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, LAMOST) is a National Major Scientific Project has been provided by the National Development and Reform Commission。
文摘We search for metal-rich Sausage-kinematic(MRSK)stars with[Fe/H]>−0.8 and−100<Vϕ<50 km/s in LAMOST DR5 in order to investigate the influence of the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus(GSE)merger event on the Galactic disk.For the first time,we find a group of low-αMRSK stars,and classify it as a metal-rich tail of the GSE galaxy based on the chemical and kinematical properties.This group has slightly larger R_(apo),Z_(max) and Etot distributions than a previously-reported high-αgroup.Its low-αratio does not allow for an origin resulting from the splash process of the GSE merger event,as is proposed to explain the high-αgroup.A hydrodynamical simulation by Amarante et al.provides a promising solution,in which the GSE galaxy is a clumpy Milky-Way analogue that develops a bimodal disk chemistry.This scenario explains the existence of MRSK stars with both high-αand low-αratios found in this work.It is further supported by another new feature that a clump of MRSK stars is located at Z_(max)=3-5 kpc,which corresponds to the widely adopted disk-halo transition at|Z|∼4 kpc.We suggest that a pile-up of MRSK stars at Zmax contributes significantly to this disk-halo transition,an interesting imprint left by the GSE merger event.These results also provide an important implication on the connection between the GSE and the Virgo Radial Merger.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82000034,82120108001,and 82170069)Chongqing Postdoctoral International Exchange Training Program(No.2021JLPY001)+2 种基金National Clinical Medical Research Center(No.NCRC-2022-GP-08)Guangdong Department of Science and Technology(No.2022A0505030017)Basic Science and Application of Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan(No.202201010069)
文摘To the Editor:Owing to the heterogeneity of congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary hypertension(CHDPH)disease and the development of the pulmonary vascular system in pediatric patients,the management of CHD-PH in children is signicantly different from that in adults.[1]Early identication and intervention of CHD-PH are of great signicance for disease management in children with CHD,and non-invasive,accurate clinical tools are urgently needed to predict PH risk in children with CHD.However,the applicability of the current risk-scoring system to pediatric CHD-PH remains unclear.Furthermore,there are presently no user-friendly,non-invasive online tools available for predicting CHD-PH,and there is a scarcity of related studies in Asian populations.This study aimed to develop and validate the prediction tools for estimating the risk of pulmonary hypertension and clinical deterioration in children with congenital heart disease.
