One key concept of Industry 4.0 is the industrial digital twin(DT)-a virtual replica of physical assets,processes,and systems.DTs optimise operations,enhance productivity,and facilitate innovation across various indus...One key concept of Industry 4.0 is the industrial digital twin(DT)-a virtual replica of physical assets,processes,and systems.DTs optimise operations,enhance productivity,and facilitate innovation across various industries,including manufacturing,energy,healthcare,and transportation.This paper presents a multi-domain and multi-time scale modelling and simulation platform,featuring built-in model libraries that represent diverse physical,chemical,and behavioural properties.A comprehensive system model-ling approach and a closed-loop industrial control system based on DTs are developed,showcasing advanced control,optimisation,and system security research capabilities.The architecture and advantages of the novel generation modelling platform are detailed,with specific applications highlighted,underscoring its contributions to the process industry.展开更多
Based on the foundation of Large Language Models(LLMs),Multilingual LLMs(MLLMs)have been developed to address the challenges faced in multilingual natural language processing,hoping to achieve knowledge transfer from ...Based on the foundation of Large Language Models(LLMs),Multilingual LLMs(MLLMs)have been developed to address the challenges faced in multilingual natural language processing,hoping to achieve knowledge transfer from high-resource languages to low-resource languages.However,significant limitations and challenges still exist,such as language imbalance,multilingual alignment,and inherent bias.In this paper,we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of MLLMs,delving deeply into discussions surrounding these critical issues.First of all,we start by presenting an overview of MLLMs,covering their evolutions,key techniques,and multilingual capacities.Secondly,we explore the multilingual training corpora of MLLMs and the multilingual datasets oriented for downstream tasks that are crucial to enhance the cross-lingual capability of MLLMs.Thirdly,we survey the state-of-the-art studies of multilingual representations and investigate whether the current MLLMs can learn a universal language representation.Fourthly,we discuss bias on MLLMs,including its categories,evaluation metrics,and debiasing techniques.Finally,we discuss existing challenges and point out promising research directions of MLLMs.展开更多
In the classical microbial isolation technique,the isolation process inevitably destroys all microbial interactions and thus makes it difficult to culture the many microorganisms that rely on these interactions for su...In the classical microbial isolation technique,the isolation process inevitably destroys all microbial interactions and thus makes it difficult to culture the many microorganisms that rely on these interactions for survival.In this study,we designed a simple coculture technique named the“sandwich agar plate method,”which maintains microbial interactions throughout the isolation and pure culture processes.The total yield of uncultured species in sandwich agar plates based on eight helper strains was almost 10-fold that of the control group.Many uncultured species displayed commensal lifestyles.Further study found that heme was the growth-promoting factor of some marine commensal bacteria.Subsequent genomic analysis revealed that heme auxotrophies were common in various biotopes and prevalent in many uncultured microbial taxa.Moreover,our study supported that the survival strategies of heme auxotrophy in different habitats varied considerably.These findings highlight that cocultivation based on the“sandwich agar plate method”could be developed and used to isolate more uncultured bacteria.展开更多
基金Industrial Internet Development Project of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Grant/Award Number:TC190A449National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2020YFB2010900+2 种基金Special Support Plan for Zhejiang Province High‐level Talents,Grant/Award Number:2022R52012Major Scientific Infrastructure Project of the Zhejiang Lab,Grant/Award Number:ZJKYHTZYZ10300020201229001National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:52177119。
文摘One key concept of Industry 4.0 is the industrial digital twin(DT)-a virtual replica of physical assets,processes,and systems.DTs optimise operations,enhance productivity,and facilitate innovation across various industries,including manufacturing,energy,healthcare,and transportation.This paper presents a multi-domain and multi-time scale modelling and simulation platform,featuring built-in model libraries that represent diverse physical,chemical,and behavioural properties.A comprehensive system model-ling approach and a closed-loop industrial control system based on DTs are developed,showcasing advanced control,optimisation,and system security research capabilities.The architecture and advantages of the novel generation modelling platform are detailed,with specific applications highlighted,underscoring its contributions to the process industry.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.24CYY107)。
文摘Based on the foundation of Large Language Models(LLMs),Multilingual LLMs(MLLMs)have been developed to address the challenges faced in multilingual natural language processing,hoping to achieve knowledge transfer from high-resource languages to low-resource languages.However,significant limitations and challenges still exist,such as language imbalance,multilingual alignment,and inherent bias.In this paper,we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of MLLMs,delving deeply into discussions surrounding these critical issues.First of all,we start by presenting an overview of MLLMs,covering their evolutions,key techniques,and multilingual capacities.Secondly,we explore the multilingual training corpora of MLLMs and the multilingual datasets oriented for downstream tasks that are crucial to enhance the cross-lingual capability of MLLMs.Thirdly,we survey the state-of-the-art studies of multilingual representations and investigate whether the current MLLMs can learn a universal language representation.Fourthly,we discuss bias on MLLMs,including its categories,evaluation metrics,and debiasing techniques.Finally,we discuss existing challenges and point out promising research directions of MLLMs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32070002 and 41876166)Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program(Grant Nos.2022FY101100 and 2019FY100700)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M721923)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2023QD187).
文摘In the classical microbial isolation technique,the isolation process inevitably destroys all microbial interactions and thus makes it difficult to culture the many microorganisms that rely on these interactions for survival.In this study,we designed a simple coculture technique named the“sandwich agar plate method,”which maintains microbial interactions throughout the isolation and pure culture processes.The total yield of uncultured species in sandwich agar plates based on eight helper strains was almost 10-fold that of the control group.Many uncultured species displayed commensal lifestyles.Further study found that heme was the growth-promoting factor of some marine commensal bacteria.Subsequent genomic analysis revealed that heme auxotrophies were common in various biotopes and prevalent in many uncultured microbial taxa.Moreover,our study supported that the survival strategies of heme auxotrophy in different habitats varied considerably.These findings highlight that cocultivation based on the“sandwich agar plate method”could be developed and used to isolate more uncultured bacteria.
