With the widespread adoption of ultra-precision machining(UPM)in manufacturing,accurately monitoring the temperature within micro-scale cutting zones has become crucial for ensuring machining quality and tool longevit...With the widespread adoption of ultra-precision machining(UPM)in manufacturing,accurately monitoring the temperature within micro-scale cutting zones has become crucial for ensuring machining quality and tool longevity.This review comprehensively evaluates modern in-process cutting temperature measurement methods,comparing conventional approaches and emerging technologies.Thermal conduction-based and radiation-based measurement paradigms are analyzed in terms of their merits,limitations,and domain-specific applicability,particularly with regard to the unique challenges involving micro-scale cutting zones in UPM.Special emphasis is placed on micro-scale sensor-integrated tools and self-sensing tools that enable real-time thermal monitoring at cutting edges.Furthermore,we explore thermal monitoring and management techniques for atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing(ACSM),as well as the transformative potential of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence(AI),internet of things(IoT),and data fusion for machining temperature measurement.This review may serve as a reference for UPM cutting temperature measurement research,helping foster the development of optimized process control technologies.展开更多
Endogenous repair of cartilage defects is a preferential strategy for cartilage repair,but always hindered by insufficient early-stage cells and incomplete cell differentiation at later stages.For in-situ cartilage re...Endogenous repair of cartilage defects is a preferential strategy for cartilage repair,but always hindered by insufficient early-stage cells and incomplete cell differentiation at later stages.For in-situ cartilage regeneration,it is crucial to develop a sequential drug release system capable of recruiting endogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)and promoting their chondrogenic differentiation.Herein,based on our long-term and fruitful research on silk fibroin(SF)porous scaffolds,a cell-free sequential drug delivery SF scaffold was developed.BMSCs affinity peptide PFSSTKT(PFS)was coated on the surface of SF scaffold,in which chondro-genic inducer kartogenin(KGN)and anti-inflammatory factor dexamethasone(DEX)were loaded.PFS was rapidly released within the first 10 days while KGN and DEX could be released over 28 days.The scaffold promoted BMSCs migration and chondrogenic differentiation through the release of PFS and KGN in vitro.Finally,the sequential drug released by the implanted SF scaffolds in rats indeed recruited endogenous BMSCs and significantly promoted the in-situ regeneration of their knee cartilage defects.In summary,this study not only introduces a green and environmentally friendly all silk-based sequential drug delivery system,but also provides an effective tissue engineering functional scaffold for in-situ cartilage regeneration.展开更多
Background:Our previous in vitro study has shown that total flavonoids from the leaves of Carya cathayensis exert estrogenic activities by promoting the expressions of ER𝛼and ER𝛽.C.cathayensis leaf ext...Background:Our previous in vitro study has shown that total flavonoids from the leaves of Carya cathayensis exert estrogenic activities by promoting the expressions of ER𝛼and ER𝛽.C.cathayensis leaf extract(CCE)was rich in flavonoids.Oral administration of CCE reduced the serum lipids and hepatic lipids,alleviated liver steatosis in ovariectomized rats.Objective:To investigate whether CCE has estrogenic effects on reproductive tissue and influences lipid metabolism in ovariectomized rats,and whether CCE has a direct effect on regulation of lipid synthesis and/or oxidation and adipocyte differentiation of ovariectomized(OVX)rats.Methods:Female Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized and treated with CCE or estradiol in combination with a normal diet(ND),a high-fat diet(HFD)for 8 weeks.Histological analysis of uterus were performed and the lipid metabolism-related enzyme activity were examined.Expression of liver lipogenesis-related genes,adipocyte differentiation-and fat accumulation-related genes and protein were measured.Rusults:Ovariectomy accelerated the uterine atrophy,development of dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis,which were effectively mitigated by CCE supplementation.CCE significantly elevated ovariectomy-induced reduction in the cross-section area of the uterus and uterine glands.Compared with the OVX group,CCE increased the activities of lipoprtein lipase(LPL)and hepatic lipase(HL),decreased the hepatic mRNA expressions of Fas,Srebf1,Sla2a2,and increased Ppar𝛼expressions at the mRNA levels under both ND and HFD conditions.CCE also decreased the Pck1 and G6pc mRNA expressions under HFD conditions,and show no significant effects on Hmgcr.The expressions of SREBF1,CEBPA and VEGF at the protein level were effectively regulated by CCE supplementation.Conclusion:CCE effectively alleviated ovariectomy-induced dyslipidemia and visceral fat accumulation by mod-ulating hepatic lipogenesis and adipocyte differentiation.Furthermore,CCE exhibited estrogenic activity for the prevention of postmenopausal fatty liver.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52425505 and U22A20207)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3403302)the Zhejiang Provincial Key R&D Program of China(No.2023C01056).
文摘With the widespread adoption of ultra-precision machining(UPM)in manufacturing,accurately monitoring the temperature within micro-scale cutting zones has become crucial for ensuring machining quality and tool longevity.This review comprehensively evaluates modern in-process cutting temperature measurement methods,comparing conventional approaches and emerging technologies.Thermal conduction-based and radiation-based measurement paradigms are analyzed in terms of their merits,limitations,and domain-specific applicability,particularly with regard to the unique challenges involving micro-scale cutting zones in UPM.Special emphasis is placed on micro-scale sensor-integrated tools and self-sensing tools that enable real-time thermal monitoring at cutting edges.Furthermore,we explore thermal monitoring and management techniques for atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing(ACSM),as well as the transformative potential of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence(AI),internet of things(IoT),and data fusion for machining temperature measurement.This review may serve as a reference for UPM cutting temperature measurement research,helping foster the development of optimized process control technologies.
文摘Endogenous repair of cartilage defects is a preferential strategy for cartilage repair,but always hindered by insufficient early-stage cells and incomplete cell differentiation at later stages.For in-situ cartilage regeneration,it is crucial to develop a sequential drug release system capable of recruiting endogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)and promoting their chondrogenic differentiation.Herein,based on our long-term and fruitful research on silk fibroin(SF)porous scaffolds,a cell-free sequential drug delivery SF scaffold was developed.BMSCs affinity peptide PFSSTKT(PFS)was coated on the surface of SF scaffold,in which chondro-genic inducer kartogenin(KGN)and anti-inflammatory factor dexamethasone(DEX)were loaded.PFS was rapidly released within the first 10 days while KGN and DEX could be released over 28 days.The scaffold promoted BMSCs migration and chondrogenic differentiation through the release of PFS and KGN in vitro.Finally,the sequential drug released by the implanted SF scaffolds in rats indeed recruited endogenous BMSCs and significantly promoted the in-situ regeneration of their knee cartilage defects.In summary,this study not only introduces a green and environmentally friendly all silk-based sequential drug delivery system,but also provides an effective tissue engineering functional scaffold for in-situ cartilage regeneration.
基金This project was financially supported by the Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grant No:81303258).
文摘Background:Our previous in vitro study has shown that total flavonoids from the leaves of Carya cathayensis exert estrogenic activities by promoting the expressions of ER𝛼and ER𝛽.C.cathayensis leaf extract(CCE)was rich in flavonoids.Oral administration of CCE reduced the serum lipids and hepatic lipids,alleviated liver steatosis in ovariectomized rats.Objective:To investigate whether CCE has estrogenic effects on reproductive tissue and influences lipid metabolism in ovariectomized rats,and whether CCE has a direct effect on regulation of lipid synthesis and/or oxidation and adipocyte differentiation of ovariectomized(OVX)rats.Methods:Female Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized and treated with CCE or estradiol in combination with a normal diet(ND),a high-fat diet(HFD)for 8 weeks.Histological analysis of uterus were performed and the lipid metabolism-related enzyme activity were examined.Expression of liver lipogenesis-related genes,adipocyte differentiation-and fat accumulation-related genes and protein were measured.Rusults:Ovariectomy accelerated the uterine atrophy,development of dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis,which were effectively mitigated by CCE supplementation.CCE significantly elevated ovariectomy-induced reduction in the cross-section area of the uterus and uterine glands.Compared with the OVX group,CCE increased the activities of lipoprtein lipase(LPL)and hepatic lipase(HL),decreased the hepatic mRNA expressions of Fas,Srebf1,Sla2a2,and increased Ppar𝛼expressions at the mRNA levels under both ND and HFD conditions.CCE also decreased the Pck1 and G6pc mRNA expressions under HFD conditions,and show no significant effects on Hmgcr.The expressions of SREBF1,CEBPA and VEGF at the protein level were effectively regulated by CCE supplementation.Conclusion:CCE effectively alleviated ovariectomy-induced dyslipidemia and visceral fat accumulation by mod-ulating hepatic lipogenesis and adipocyte differentiation.Furthermore,CCE exhibited estrogenic activity for the prevention of postmenopausal fatty liver.
