[Objectives]To evaluate the performance of two rapid chromogenic media for the detection of Bacillus cereus in milk powder,and verify the media's inclusivity,exclusivity,and accuracy,and to assess their applicabil...[Objectives]To evaluate the performance of two rapid chromogenic media for the detection of Bacillus cereus in milk powder,and verify the media's inclusivity,exclusivity,and accuracy,and to assess their applicability for the quantitative detection of B.cereus.[Methods]B.cereus in milk powder samples was quantified using two rapid chromogenic media in combination with the national standard method.Agreement between the quantitative results from the three methods was subsequently assessed for agreement via a paired t-test.[Results]No significant differences were observed between the bacterial counts yielded by the two rapid chromogenic media and the national standard method(P>0.05),with excellent agreement between them.[Conclusions]The method of rapid chromogenic culture medium is rapid and simple.展开更多
This paper reviews the research progress on mold detection technologies in milk and dairy products,including rapid test sheet methods,molecular biological detection techniques,metabolomics detection techniques,enzyme-...This paper reviews the research progress on mold detection technologies in milk and dairy products,including rapid test sheet methods,molecular biological detection techniques,metabolomics detection techniques,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and microbial rapid photoelectric detection systems,aiming to provide optimal choices for mold detection.展开更多
The rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria,which are essential microorganisms in the food industry,is of great significance for industrial applications.The identification of lactic acid bacteria traditionally re...The rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria,which are essential microorganisms in the food industry,is of great significance for industrial applications.The identification of lactic acid bacteria traditionally relies on the isolation and identification of pure colonies.While this method is well-established and widely used,it is not without limitations.The subjective judgment inherent in the isolation and purification process introduces potential for error,and the incomplete nature of the isolation process can result in the loss of valuable information.The advent of next generation sequencing has provided a novel approach to the rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria.This technology offers several advantages,including rapidity,accuracy,high throughput,and low cost.Next generation sequencing represents a significant advancement in the field of DNA sequencing.Its ability to rapidly and accurately identify lactic acid bacteria strains in samples with insufficient information or in the presence of multiple lactic acid bacteria sets it apart as a valuable tool.The application of this technology not only circumvents the potential errors inherent in the traditional method but also provides a robust foundation for the expeditious identification of lactic acid bacteria strains and the authentication of bacterial powder in industrial applications.This paper commences with an overview of traditional and molecular biology methods for the identification of lactic acid bacteria.While each method has its own advantages,they are not without limitations in practical application.Subsequently,the paper provides an introduction of the principle,process,advantages,and disadvantages of next generation sequencing,and also details its application in strain identification and rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria.The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive and reliable basis for the rapid identification of industrial lactic acid bacteria strains and the authenticity identification of bacterial powder.展开更多
[Objectives]To verify the specificity,sensitivity,precision and negative-positive deviation of the foodproof gluten component de-tection kit for the detection of gluten allergens in milk powder matrix,and to establish...[Objectives]To verify the specificity,sensitivity,precision and negative-positive deviation of the foodproof gluten component de-tection kit for the detection of gluten allergens in milk powder matrix,and to establish a real-time fluorescent PCR legal method for the detec-tion of gluten allergens in milk powder.[Methods]The specificity,sensitivity,precision and negative-positive deviation of the detection method of foodproof gluten component detection kit(PCR-probe method)were verified by artificially adding different concentrations of wheat bran and extracting sample DNA by kit method,and applied to sample detection.[Results] The specific detection results of two kinds of milk powder with wheat bran and buckwheat added showed that the foodproof gluten component detection kit(PCR-probe method)had good speci-ficity for wheat gluten.The results of artificially added wheat bran positive samples showed that the false positive rate and false negative rate of the kit in the milk powder matrix were O,and the sensitivity and precision were high.[Conclusions]The kit is simple to operate and has high accuracy,which is suitable for the detection of gluten allergen components in milk powder.展开更多
It is of great significance to develop effective antibacterial agents and methods to combat drug resistant bacterial infections due to its increasing threaten to human health and the ineffectiveness of antibiotics.Her...It is of great significance to develop effective antibacterial agents and methods to combat drug resistant bacterial infections due to its increasing threaten to human health and the ineffectiveness of antibiotics.Herein,a multifunctional hybrid nano-assembly(M1-Fe NPs)based on conjugated oligomer and ferrous ion was engineered with favorable bactericidal activity for synergetic antibacterial therapy.The chelation of ferrous ion not only enhances the photothermal conversion efficiency of M1 but also endows the nano-assembly with catalytic capability of transferring H_(2)O_(2) into stronger oxidant hydroxyl radicals(·OH).Meanwhile,the generated heat can further promote the Fenton reaction activity.By generating cytotoxic heat and oxidative·OH,M1-Fe NPs can effectively kill Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in vivo with the aid of low dosage of H_(2)O_(2).The work provides a new multifunctional platform for combinational drug resistant antibacterial therapy and even antitumor therapy.展开更多
To increase the efficiency and accuracy of clinical tumor detection,we explored multiple imaging by preparing carbon quantum dot(CQD)-loaded nanobubbles for ultrasonic fluorescence dual detection.In this experiment,we...To increase the efficiency and accuracy of clinical tumor detection,we explored multiple imaging by preparing carbon quantum dot(CQD)-loaded nanobubbles for ultrasonic fluorescence dual detection.In this experiment,we prepared 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride(DOTAP)cationic liposomes using the film dispersion method and chose perfluoropentane as the core gas material of the nanobubbles.The nanobubbles were coupled with the negatively charged CQDs through the charge effect to prepare the testing agent for two-way diagnosis with ultrasound contrast and fluorescence detection.The formulation and preparation of the loaded CQD liposome nanobubbles were screened.In vivo experiments showed that nanobubbles can be enriched to the tumor site within 5 min,which enables clearer ultrasound imaging and is conducive to tumor detection.We expect CQD-loaded liposome(Lip-CQD)nanobubbles to become a new ultrasonic contrast agent for clinical applications that can provide a basis for early tumor diagnosis and thus earlier treatment.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to establish a molecular biological method for identification of bacterial strains.[Methods]The thalli of standard bacterial strains existing in the laboratory were collected and genomic DNA ...[Objectives]The paper was to establish a molecular biological method for identification of bacterial strains.[Methods]The thalli of standard bacterial strains existing in the laboratory were collected and genomic DNA was extracted for amplification of 16S rDNA and gyrB gene.The 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequences were obtained after sequencing.Sequences were aligned and analyzed via EzBioCloud and NCBI database,and phylogenetic trees were constructed to determine the species relationship of strains.Meantime,they were compared with known strains.[Results]This method could identify 5 standard strains accurately to the species level.The 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequences were aligned and analyzed in EzBioCloud database and NCBI database.The strain with the max score was consistent with the known strain.And the query cover and ident were both above 99%.[Conclusions]The established molecular biological method for identification of bacterial strains by 16S rDNA and gyrB gene has good accuracy,which effectively solves the problem that the laboratory identification of bacteria relies on traditional methods and the accuracy can not be guaranteed,and further improves the identification ability of laboratory bacterial strains.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria(LAB)on the growth of Salmonella.[Methods]The inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria on Salmonella was investigated by Oxford cup agar diffusion t...[Objectives]To explore the inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria(LAB)on the growth of Salmonella.[Methods]The inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria on Salmonella was investigated by Oxford cup agar diffusion test from the aspects of lactic acid bacteria body,metabolites,pH,thermal stability and acid resistance.[Results]The growth of Salmonella was disturbed by the inhibition of lactic acid bacteria.The mechanism of inhibitory effect may be:simple low pH and lactic acid bacteria have no inhibitory effect on Salmonella;however,there are active substances in the metabolites of lactic acid bacteria,which have high thermal stability and a wide range of acid resistance,and are effective substances for inhibiting the growth of Salmonella.[Conclusions]This study is helpful for screening more natural preservative substances,reducing the contamination rate of Salmonella to food,and is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the preservation and preservation of food.展开更多
[Objectives]To amplify and identify the specific gene fragments of cattle and sheep by real-time fluorescence-based PCR,and quickly and accurately identify the adulteration problem of goat milk powder according to the...[Objectives]To amplify and identify the specific gene fragments of cattle and sheep by real-time fluorescence-based PCR,and quickly and accurately identify the adulteration problem of goat milk powder according to the differences of mitochondrial genes among different species.[Methods]The specificity,limit of detection and repeatability test were carried out by isolating somatic cells,extracting template DNA and determining the reaction conditions of real-time fluorescence-based PCR.[Results]The real-time fluorescence-based PCR method could be used to identify the bovine and ovine-derived materials of milk powder with high specificity,high sensitivity and good repeatability,and the limit of detection of milk components in goat milk powder could reach 0.01%.[Conclusions]The real-time fluorescence-based PCR method can be used to quickly and accurately detect the milk components in goat milk powder,and provide some technical support for the adulteration detection of dairy industry.展开更多
[Objectives]To determine the aerobic plate count(APC)in the milk samples,evaluate the uncertainty of the test results,and to provide a scientific basis for the quality control of the testing process.[Methods]In compli...[Objectives]To determine the aerobic plate count(APC)in the milk samples,evaluate the uncertainty of the test results,and to provide a scientific basis for the quality control of the testing process.[Methods]In compliance with the national food safety standard Food Microbiological Examination:Aerobic Plate Count(GB 4789.2-2016),the aerobic plate count in the milk samples was detected.The source of the uncertainty of the test result was analyzed and a mathematical model was established in accordance with Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement(JJF 1059.1-2012).Then,the introduced uncertainty components were evaluated to determine the uncertainty of the final combined aerobic plate count.[Results]The expanded uncertainty of the test result of the aerobic plate count in the milk samples was 0.0434,and the logarithmic value interval of the results was(3.924,4.010),and the antilogarithm was taken to get the aerobic plate count in the sample to be 8395-10233 CFU/mL.[Conclusions]This method can effectively evaluate the uncertainty of the aerobic plate count,and ensure the accurate and scientific laboratory test data.展开更多
The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is rising worldwide.The major cardinogenic factor for most skin cancers is solar ultraviolet light,in particular,the chronic exposure to UVB(280-320nm).In this study,the optica...The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is rising worldwide.The major cardinogenic factor for most skin cancers is solar ultraviolet light,in particular,the chronic exposure to UVB(280-320nm).In this study,the optical characteristics of skin canceration process induced by UVB were analyzed.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used for monitoring the morphologic changes and compared with histological analysis.Meanwhile,the optical property,such as the attenuation cofficient(A4)was systematically extracted and analyzed.In addition,characteristic text ures,including energy,entropy and correlation were revealed from OCT images.Results suggest that OCT is a useful tool for monitoring the process of UVB-induced skin cancer and changes of optical property during this process.展开更多
In this paper,the six Aigma DMAIC method was used to systematically analyze and study the process affecting the good rate of blank value of cytological method for dairy products.Through data collection,analysis and ve...In this paper,the six Aigma DMAIC method was used to systematically analyze and study the process affecting the good rate of blank value of cytological method for dairy products.Through data collection,analysis and verification in each link,the room for improvement in the experimental process was identified.C&E matrix and FMEA were used to analyze the factors affecting the good rate of blank value.Through the DOE experiment design method and risk analysis,the main influencing factors were optimized and improved.The optimized experimental conditions were:silica gel activation temperature(500±50)℃,activation time(23±1)h,cells adherent rate(95±1)%,and single-use of 1.5 mL conical flask.Under the above conditions,the good rate of blank value of cytological method was improved from 52.8%to 100%.The improvement of these conditions is of great significance to ensure the accuracy of results,save the testing cost and improve the testing efficiency.展开更多
[Objectives]To determine the content of organic pollutants by CALUX bioassay.[Methods]According to JJF 1059.1-2012 Technical Specification for Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement,the determination ...[Objectives]To determine the content of organic pollutants by CALUX bioassay.[Methods]According to JJF 1059.1-2012 Technical Specification for Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement,the determination results of organic pollutants were analyzed,various sources of uncertainty that may be introduced in the detection process were analyzed,and the mathematical model of uncertainty was established.Type A and B evaluation methods were used to calculate the components of uncertainty and extended uncertainty.[Results]In the range of 95%confidence interval,the determination result of organic pollutants was 6.59 pg/g fat,and the extended uncertainty was 0.0764 pg/g fat,so the determination results of organic pollutants could be expressed as(6.59±0.0764)pg/g fat(k=2).[Conclusions]This study can provide a basis for more accurate determination of organic pollutants.展开更多
Aiming at enterprises without commercial project management systems(PMS)in a product data management(PDM)environment,and using a cloud computing platform,this research analyses the business process and function of com...Aiming at enterprises without commercial project management systems(PMS)in a product data management(PDM)environment,and using a cloud computing platform,this research analyses the business process and function of complex product project management in PDM,and proposes a PMS-based organizational structure for such a project.This model consists of a task view,user view,role view,and product view.In addition,it designs the function structure,E-R model and logical model of a PMS database,and also presents an architecture based on the Baidu cloud platform,describes the functions of the Baidu App Engine(BAE),establishes the overall PMS software architecture.Finally,it realizes a revised product design project by using EasyUI,J2EE and other related technologies.Practice shows that the PMS designed for PDM has availability,scalability,reliability and security with the help of the Baidu cloud computing platform.It can provide a reference for small-and medium-sized enterprises seeking to implement information systems with high efficiency and at low cost in the age of big data.展开更多
Enhancing nitrogen removal is a very active branch in municipal wastewater treatment research,toward this end,anammox technology is a sustainable solution.This review systematically outlines the strategies employed to...Enhancing nitrogen removal is a very active branch in municipal wastewater treatment research,toward this end,anammox technology is a sustainable solution.This review systematically outlines the strategies employed to enhance mainstream anammox performance,including nitrite accumulation and microbial enrichment based on partial nitrification coupled anammox and partial denitrification coupled anammox,developed to address the challenges of low ammonium content in wastewater,nitrate accumulation in the effluent,and the influence of organic matter.The characteristics and advantages of novel anammox-coupled processes,including partial nitrification and partial denitrification coupled anammox,endogenous partial denitrification coupled anammox,and denitrifying anaerobic methane oxic coupled anammox are also comprehensively discussed;these aim to ensure the highly efficient and stable operation of anammox under diverse wastewater conditions by constructing a composite biological nitrogen removal system based on anammox,supplemented by nitrification-denitrification and other processes.Additionally,a novel anammox application route including mainstream partial denitrification/anammox and absorption-biodegradation as well as sidestream partial nitrification/anammox is proposed,and its application pathway in conceptual wastewater treatment plants is outlined,aiming to foster the development of cost-effective,efficient,and energy-saving advanced wastewater treatment processes.Finally,prospects are presented that indicate the gaps in contemporary research and potential future research directions.Overall,this review provides a reference for treating municipal wastewater with anammox and sheds new light on related strategies and nitrogen removal mechanisms.展开更多
基金Supported by the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region's Key Research and Achievement Transformation Plan(2025YFSH0029).
文摘[Objectives]To evaluate the performance of two rapid chromogenic media for the detection of Bacillus cereus in milk powder,and verify the media's inclusivity,exclusivity,and accuracy,and to assess their applicability for the quantitative detection of B.cereus.[Methods]B.cereus in milk powder samples was quantified using two rapid chromogenic media in combination with the national standard method.Agreement between the quantitative results from the three methods was subsequently assessed for agreement via a paired t-test.[Results]No significant differences were observed between the bacterial counts yielded by the two rapid chromogenic media and the national standard method(P>0.05),with excellent agreement between them.[Conclusions]The method of rapid chromogenic culture medium is rapid and simple.
基金Supported by Research Project on Food Detection Technology Innovation and Standard Integration 2024(YNXM-2024-FW-019).
文摘This paper reviews the research progress on mold detection technologies in milk and dairy products,including rapid test sheet methods,molecular biological detection techniques,metabolomics detection techniques,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and microbial rapid photoelectric detection systems,aiming to provide optimal choices for mold detection.
基金Supported by Special Project of"Grassland Talents"in Inner Mongolia.
文摘The rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria,which are essential microorganisms in the food industry,is of great significance for industrial applications.The identification of lactic acid bacteria traditionally relies on the isolation and identification of pure colonies.While this method is well-established and widely used,it is not without limitations.The subjective judgment inherent in the isolation and purification process introduces potential for error,and the incomplete nature of the isolation process can result in the loss of valuable information.The advent of next generation sequencing has provided a novel approach to the rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria.This technology offers several advantages,including rapidity,accuracy,high throughput,and low cost.Next generation sequencing represents a significant advancement in the field of DNA sequencing.Its ability to rapidly and accurately identify lactic acid bacteria strains in samples with insufficient information or in the presence of multiple lactic acid bacteria sets it apart as a valuable tool.The application of this technology not only circumvents the potential errors inherent in the traditional method but also provides a robust foundation for the expeditious identification of lactic acid bacteria strains and the authentication of bacterial powder in industrial applications.This paper commences with an overview of traditional and molecular biology methods for the identification of lactic acid bacteria.While each method has its own advantages,they are not without limitations in practical application.Subsequently,the paper provides an introduction of the principle,process,advantages,and disadvantages of next generation sequencing,and also details its application in strain identification and rapid identification of lactic acid bacteria.The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive and reliable basis for the rapid identification of industrial lactic acid bacteria strains and the authenticity identification of bacterial powder.
文摘[Objectives]To verify the specificity,sensitivity,precision and negative-positive deviation of the foodproof gluten component de-tection kit for the detection of gluten allergens in milk powder matrix,and to establish a real-time fluorescent PCR legal method for the detec-tion of gluten allergens in milk powder.[Methods]The specificity,sensitivity,precision and negative-positive deviation of the detection method of foodproof gluten component detection kit(PCR-probe method)were verified by artificially adding different concentrations of wheat bran and extracting sample DNA by kit method,and applied to sample detection.[Results] The specific detection results of two kinds of milk powder with wheat bran and buckwheat added showed that the foodproof gluten component detection kit(PCR-probe method)had good speci-ficity for wheat gluten.The results of artificially added wheat bran positive samples showed that the false positive rate and false negative rate of the kit in the milk powder matrix were O,and the sensitivity and precision were high.[Conclusions]The kit is simple to operate and has high accuracy,which is suitable for the detection of gluten allergen components in milk powder.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21977065,22177065 and 21807067)Sanjin Scholars Support Planunder Special Funding(No.2017-06)+2 种基金Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(Nos.201802106,2019L0022)Supported by the Fund for Shanxi“1331”Project(1331)the Program for Introducing Overseas High-level Talents of Shanxi(Hundred Talents Plan)。
文摘It is of great significance to develop effective antibacterial agents and methods to combat drug resistant bacterial infections due to its increasing threaten to human health and the ineffectiveness of antibiotics.Herein,a multifunctional hybrid nano-assembly(M1-Fe NPs)based on conjugated oligomer and ferrous ion was engineered with favorable bactericidal activity for synergetic antibacterial therapy.The chelation of ferrous ion not only enhances the photothermal conversion efficiency of M1 but also endows the nano-assembly with catalytic capability of transferring H_(2)O_(2) into stronger oxidant hydroxyl radicals(·OH).Meanwhile,the generated heat can further promote the Fenton reaction activity.By generating cytotoxic heat and oxidative·OH,M1-Fe NPs can effectively kill Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in vivo with the aid of low dosage of H_(2)O_(2).The work provides a new multifunctional platform for combinational drug resistant antibacterial therapy and even antitumor therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21873057)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.ZR2019MB041)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(No.2018JC006),China。
文摘To increase the efficiency and accuracy of clinical tumor detection,we explored multiple imaging by preparing carbon quantum dot(CQD)-loaded nanobubbles for ultrasonic fluorescence dual detection.In this experiment,we prepared 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride(DOTAP)cationic liposomes using the film dispersion method and chose perfluoropentane as the core gas material of the nanobubbles.The nanobubbles were coupled with the negatively charged CQDs through the charge effect to prepare the testing agent for two-way diagnosis with ultrasound contrast and fluorescence detection.The formulation and preparation of the loaded CQD liposome nanobubbles were screened.In vivo experiments showed that nanobubbles can be enriched to the tumor site within 5 min,which enables clearer ultrasound imaging and is conducive to tumor detection.We expect CQD-loaded liposome(Lip-CQD)nanobubbles to become a new ultrasonic contrast agent for clinical applications that can provide a basis for early tumor diagnosis and thus earlier treatment.
基金Supported by Special Project of"Grassland Talents"in Inner Mongolia.
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to establish a molecular biological method for identification of bacterial strains.[Methods]The thalli of standard bacterial strains existing in the laboratory were collected and genomic DNA was extracted for amplification of 16S rDNA and gyrB gene.The 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequences were obtained after sequencing.Sequences were aligned and analyzed via EzBioCloud and NCBI database,and phylogenetic trees were constructed to determine the species relationship of strains.Meantime,they were compared with known strains.[Results]This method could identify 5 standard strains accurately to the species level.The 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequences were aligned and analyzed in EzBioCloud database and NCBI database.The strain with the max score was consistent with the known strain.And the query cover and ident were both above 99%.[Conclusions]The established molecular biological method for identification of bacterial strains by 16S rDNA and gyrB gene has good accuracy,which effectively solves the problem that the laboratory identification of bacteria relies on traditional methods and the accuracy can not be guaranteed,and further improves the identification ability of laboratory bacterial strains.
基金Special Project of Inner Mongolia"Grassland Talents".
文摘[Objectives]To explore the inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria(LAB)on the growth of Salmonella.[Methods]The inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria on Salmonella was investigated by Oxford cup agar diffusion test from the aspects of lactic acid bacteria body,metabolites,pH,thermal stability and acid resistance.[Results]The growth of Salmonella was disturbed by the inhibition of lactic acid bacteria.The mechanism of inhibitory effect may be:simple low pH and lactic acid bacteria have no inhibitory effect on Salmonella;however,there are active substances in the metabolites of lactic acid bacteria,which have high thermal stability and a wide range of acid resistance,and are effective substances for inhibiting the growth of Salmonella.[Conclusions]This study is helpful for screening more natural preservative substances,reducing the contamination rate of Salmonella to food,and is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the preservation and preservation of food.
文摘[Objectives]To amplify and identify the specific gene fragments of cattle and sheep by real-time fluorescence-based PCR,and quickly and accurately identify the adulteration problem of goat milk powder according to the differences of mitochondrial genes among different species.[Methods]The specificity,limit of detection and repeatability test were carried out by isolating somatic cells,extracting template DNA and determining the reaction conditions of real-time fluorescence-based PCR.[Results]The real-time fluorescence-based PCR method could be used to identify the bovine and ovine-derived materials of milk powder with high specificity,high sensitivity and good repeatability,and the limit of detection of milk components in goat milk powder could reach 0.01%.[Conclusions]The real-time fluorescence-based PCR method can be used to quickly and accurately detect the milk components in goat milk powder,and provide some technical support for the adulteration detection of dairy industry.
基金National Key R&D Program for the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan Period(2017YFE0110800).
文摘[Objectives]To determine the aerobic plate count(APC)in the milk samples,evaluate the uncertainty of the test results,and to provide a scientific basis for the quality control of the testing process.[Methods]In compliance with the national food safety standard Food Microbiological Examination:Aerobic Plate Count(GB 4789.2-2016),the aerobic plate count in the milk samples was detected.The source of the uncertainty of the test result was analyzed and a mathematical model was established in accordance with Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement(JJF 1059.1-2012).Then,the introduced uncertainty components were evaluated to determine the uncertainty of the final combined aerobic plate count.[Results]The expanded uncertainty of the test result of the aerobic plate count in the milk samples was 0.0434,and the logarithmic value interval of the results was(3.924,4.010),and the antilogarithm was taken to get the aerobic plate count in the sample to be 8395-10233 CFU/mL.[Conclusions]This method can effectively evaluate the uncertainty of the aerobic plate count,and ensure the accurate and scientific laboratory test data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61178089)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2014J01226)Foundation of Fujian Educational Committee(JA14093).
文摘The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is rising worldwide.The major cardinogenic factor for most skin cancers is solar ultraviolet light,in particular,the chronic exposure to UVB(280-320nm).In this study,the optical characteristics of skin canceration process induced by UVB were analyzed.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used for monitoring the morphologic changes and compared with histological analysis.Meanwhile,the optical property,such as the attenuation cofficient(A4)was systematically extracted and analyzed.In addition,characteristic text ures,including energy,entropy and correlation were revealed from OCT images.Results suggest that OCT is a useful tool for monitoring the process of UVB-induced skin cancer and changes of optical property during this process.
文摘In this paper,the six Aigma DMAIC method was used to systematically analyze and study the process affecting the good rate of blank value of cytological method for dairy products.Through data collection,analysis and verification in each link,the room for improvement in the experimental process was identified.C&E matrix and FMEA were used to analyze the factors affecting the good rate of blank value.Through the DOE experiment design method and risk analysis,the main influencing factors were optimized and improved.The optimized experimental conditions were:silica gel activation temperature(500±50)℃,activation time(23±1)h,cells adherent rate(95±1)%,and single-use of 1.5 mL conical flask.Under the above conditions,the good rate of blank value of cytological method was improved from 52.8%to 100%.The improvement of these conditions is of great significance to ensure the accuracy of results,save the testing cost and improve the testing efficiency.
基金Supported by Special Project of "Grassland Talents" in Inner Mongolia
文摘[Objectives]To determine the content of organic pollutants by CALUX bioassay.[Methods]According to JJF 1059.1-2012 Technical Specification for Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement,the determination results of organic pollutants were analyzed,various sources of uncertainty that may be introduced in the detection process were analyzed,and the mathematical model of uncertainty was established.Type A and B evaluation methods were used to calculate the components of uncertainty and extended uncertainty.[Results]In the range of 95%confidence interval,the determination result of organic pollutants was 6.59 pg/g fat,and the extended uncertainty was 0.0764 pg/g fat,so the determination results of organic pollutants could be expressed as(6.59±0.0764)pg/g fat(k=2).[Conclusions]This study can provide a basis for more accurate determination of organic pollutants.
文摘Aiming at enterprises without commercial project management systems(PMS)in a product data management(PDM)environment,and using a cloud computing platform,this research analyses the business process and function of complex product project management in PDM,and proposes a PMS-based organizational structure for such a project.This model consists of a task view,user view,role view,and product view.In addition,it designs the function structure,E-R model and logical model of a PMS database,and also presents an architecture based on the Baidu cloud platform,describes the functions of the Baidu App Engine(BAE),establishes the overall PMS software architecture.Finally,it realizes a revised product design project by using EasyUI,J2EE and other related technologies.Practice shows that the PMS designed for PDM has availability,scalability,reliability and security with the help of the Baidu cloud computing platform.It can provide a reference for small-and medium-sized enterprises seeking to implement information systems with high efficiency and at low cost in the age of big data.
基金supported by the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program(Technology Innovation Guidance Program)-East-West Science and Technology Collaboration Special Project(24CXNA029)Lanzhou Science and Technology Project(2024-8-39)+2 种基金Tianyou Youth Talent Lift Program of Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou Jiaotong University Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory Open Subjects(2023047)Lanzhou Jiaotong University-Southwest Jiaotong University Joint Innovation Fund Project(LH2024020)Gansu Provincial Association for Science and Technology Enterprise Technology Innovation Project(GXHQY20240328-19).
文摘Enhancing nitrogen removal is a very active branch in municipal wastewater treatment research,toward this end,anammox technology is a sustainable solution.This review systematically outlines the strategies employed to enhance mainstream anammox performance,including nitrite accumulation and microbial enrichment based on partial nitrification coupled anammox and partial denitrification coupled anammox,developed to address the challenges of low ammonium content in wastewater,nitrate accumulation in the effluent,and the influence of organic matter.The characteristics and advantages of novel anammox-coupled processes,including partial nitrification and partial denitrification coupled anammox,endogenous partial denitrification coupled anammox,and denitrifying anaerobic methane oxic coupled anammox are also comprehensively discussed;these aim to ensure the highly efficient and stable operation of anammox under diverse wastewater conditions by constructing a composite biological nitrogen removal system based on anammox,supplemented by nitrification-denitrification and other processes.Additionally,a novel anammox application route including mainstream partial denitrification/anammox and absorption-biodegradation as well as sidestream partial nitrification/anammox is proposed,and its application pathway in conceptual wastewater treatment plants is outlined,aiming to foster the development of cost-effective,efficient,and energy-saving advanced wastewater treatment processes.Finally,prospects are presented that indicate the gaps in contemporary research and potential future research directions.Overall,this review provides a reference for treating municipal wastewater with anammox and sheds new light on related strategies and nitrogen removal mechanisms.
