The temperature of an organism provides key insights into its physiological and pathological status.Temperature monitoring can effectively assess potential health issues and plays a critical role in thermal treatment....The temperature of an organism provides key insights into its physiological and pathological status.Temperature monitoring can effectively assess potential health issues and plays a critical role in thermal treatment.Photoacoustic imaging(PAI)has enabled multi-scale imaging,from cells to tissues and organs,where its high contrast,deep penetration,and high resolution make it an emerging tool in biomedical imaging field.Benefiting from the linear correlation between the Grüneisen parameter and temperature within the range of 10–55∘C,the PAI has been developed as novel noninvasive label-free tool for temperature monitoring especially for thermotherapy mediated by laser,ultrasound,and microwave.Additionally,by utilizing temperature-responsive photoacoustic nanoprobes,the temperature information of the targeted organism can also be extracted with enhanced imaging contrast and specificity.This review elucidates the basic principles of temperature monitoring technology implemented by PAI,further highlighting the limitations of traditional photoacoustic thermometry,and summarizes recent technological advancements in analog simulation,calibration method,measurement accuracy,nanoprobe design,and wearable improvement.Furthermore,we discuss the biomedical applications of PA temperature monitoring technology in photothermal therapy and ultrasound therapy,finally,anticipating future developments in the field.展开更多
The unique physical and chemical properties of rare earth elements lay the foundation for their extensive application. N,N,N’,N’ Tetra-octyl-3-oxopentanediamide(TODGA) is excellent in its ability of extracting rare ...The unique physical and chemical properties of rare earth elements lay the foundation for their extensive application. N,N,N’,N’ Tetra-octyl-3-oxopentanediamide(TODGA) is excellent in its ability of extracting rare earth elements and it is favored for green initiative. In this paper, the extraction and back-extraction of14 rare earth elements by TODGA were studied. Experiments show that in conditions of 6 mol/L sulfuric acid, the extraction temperature of 25 ℃,the phase ratio of 1:1 and 0.04 mol/LTODGA(aviation kerosene as the diluent), the extraction rates of 14 rare earth elements including lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium,neodymium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, and yttrium were 99.00%-99.73%. Mixed with hydrochloric acid and nitric acid(HCl 3.5 mol/L, HNO30.5 mol/L), the recoveries of the 14 rare earth elements are 91.52%-99.91% when the extraction temperature is 25 ℃ and the ratio is 1:1. The following application is based on the optimum conditions above with practical samples(from the roasting production line of China North Rare Earth High-tech Company Limited) for extraction and back-extraction experiments. Experiments show that TODGA has excellent enrichment effect on 14 rare earth elements, the extraction rates are 91.36%-99.80%, the back-extraction rates are 87.29%-99.64% and the total recoveries are 81.19%-99.44%.展开更多
Background:The coronavirus(COVID-19)outbreak in 2019 triggered psychological and emotional responses.This research investigates the psychological status and emotional problems of those who sought psychological assista...Background:The coronavirus(COVID-19)outbreak in 2019 triggered psychological and emotional responses.This research investigates the psychological status and emotional problems of those who sought psychological assistance during the epidemic period by calling a mental health hotline.Methods:This study aims to combine qualitative and quantitative research.Descriptive analysis was used for undertaking qualitative research.We ana-lyzed the data from group 1(n=706),in which the people used the mental health hotline from 25 January 2020 to 23 June 2020.A self-designed questionnaire was developed in accordance with the classification and sum-marized items from group 1’s psychological problems and emotional status.To implement the quantitative research,we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive survey and used the self-compiled scale and HADS to inves-tigate group 2(n=553)from May 2020 to June 2020.Results:Descriptive statistics and comparative analysis revealed that:①Visitors mainly reported behavior,emotional,family relationship problems and sleep disorders.②Anxiety,comorbidities,sleep disorders and coping problems were the most frequently reported problems.③There were significant differences in the number of visitors experiencing various problems or exhibiting harmful behaviors(sorrow,worry,fear,depression,sleep disorders,self-harm or suicide,and coping problems,anxiety,hypochondria,and comorbidity)in the four stages of the epidemic.④More than a quarter of participants still suffered from anxiety or depression in the later stages of the epidemic.Conclusion:Different problems manifested at different stages of the epidemic,and psychological interventions and assistance should be tailored to reflect this.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is prevalent,and no satisfactory therapeutic options are available because the mechanisms underlying its development are poorly understood.In this study,we discovered that increased expr...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is prevalent,and no satisfactory therapeutic options are available because the mechanisms underlying its development are poorly understood.In this study,we discovered that increased expression of methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3)in macrophages was correlated with the development of colitis and that depletion of METTL3 in macrophages protected mice against dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis.Mechanistic characterization indicated that METTL3 depletion increased the YTHDF3-mediated expression of phosphoglycolate phosphatase(PGP),which resulted in glucose metabolism reprogramming and the suppression of CD4+T helper 1(Th1)cell differentiation.Further analysis revealed that glucose metabolism contributed to the ability of METTL3 depletion to ameliorate colitis symptoms.In addition,we developed two potent small molecule METTL3 inhibitors,namely,F039-0002 and 7460-0250,that strongly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis.Overall,our study suggests that METTL3 plays crucial roles in the progression of colitis and highlights the potential of targeting METTL3 to attenuate intestinal inflammation for the treatment of colitis.展开更多
Dear Editor,The diversity and composition of gut microbiota play critical roles for maintaining the homeostasis of host commensal bacteria which are correlated with mammalian health(Ding and Schloss,2014).Disorder of ...Dear Editor,The diversity and composition of gut microbiota play critical roles for maintaining the homeostasis of host commensal bacteria which are correlated with mammalian health(Ding and Schloss,2014).Disorder of microbial community is implicated in the pathogenesis of several human diseases,such as autoimmune disease,allergy,diabetes,obesity,and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which is clearly demonstrated to relate to gut dysbiosis in patients and mouse models(Saleh and Elson,2011).展开更多
Sex characteristics exhibit significant disparities in various human diseases,including prevalent cardiovascular diseases,cancers,metabolic disorders,autoimmune diseases,and neurodegenerative diseases.Risk profiles an...Sex characteristics exhibit significant disparities in various human diseases,including prevalent cardiovascular diseases,cancers,metabolic disorders,autoimmune diseases,and neurodegenerative diseases.Risk profiles and pathological manifestations of these diseases exhibit notable variations between sexes.The underlying reasons for these sex disparities encompass multifactorial elements,such as physiology,genetics,and environment.Recent studies have shown that human body systems demonstrate sex-specific gene expression during critical developmental stages and gene editing processes.These genes,differentially expressed based on different sex,may be regulated by androgen or estrogen-responsive elements,thereby influencing the incidence and presentation of cardiovascular,oncological,metabolic,immune,and neurological diseases across sexes.However,despite the existence of sex differences in patients with human diseases,treatment guidelines predominantly rely on male data due to the underrepresentation of women in clinical trials.At present,there exists a substantial knowledge gap concerning sex-specific mechanisms and clinical treatments for diverse diseases.Therefore,this review aims to elucidate the advances of sex differences on human diseases by examining epidemiological factors,pathogenesis,and innovative progress of clinical treatments in accordance with the distinctive risk characteristics of each disease and provide a new theoretical and practical basis for further optimizing individualized treatment and improving patient prognosis.展开更多
Dr.Lei Wang’s new book,John Dewey’s Democratic Education and Its Influence on Pedagogy in China 1917-1937,examines Dewey’s thoughts and analysis on,as well as strategies for China’s reforms in the early 20th centu...Dr.Lei Wang’s new book,John Dewey’s Democratic Education and Its Influence on Pedagogy in China 1917-1937,examines Dewey’s thoughts and analysis on,as well as strategies for China’s reforms in the early 20th century,and the actions of other Chinese intellectuals who were influenced by Dewey.The book is well organized and can be divided into three themes:(1)The historical background in China during Dewey’s visit and his analysis regarding the reconstruction of the country comprise Chapters 1 to 4,and Chapter 6;(2)misunderstandings and mistranslations of the lectures Dewey delivered in China are discussed in Chapter 5;and(3)other Chinese scholars and/or reformers’beliefs and actions on pedagogical transformation in China influenced by Dewey are the focus of Chapters 7 to 12.展开更多
Maturation is essential for dendritic cells(DCs)to function as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity.The plastic maturation states correspond to the multifaceted roles of DCs in the initiation of protective,to...Maturation is essential for dendritic cells(DCs)to function as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity.The plastic maturation states correspond to the multifaceted roles of DCs in the initiation of protective,tolerogenic and pathogenic immune responses.The formation of a distinct maturation state of DCs involves the complex crosstalk between the intrinsic differences in their ontogeny and the immune environments.Recent studies have defined a universal mature DC population in the tumor microenvironment(TME),but their ontogenesis and functions remain unclear.Here,we summarize recent advances in DC maturation and attempt to dissect the complex functions of mature DCs in the TME.We highlighted that there is a distinct similarity and heterogeneity of mature DCs in the TME,in which the environment and development are both important.These help us revisit the diversity of DC maturation and to better dissect the complex functions of DCs in the TME.展开更多
Green seaweed, as the most abundant species of macroseaweeds, is an important marine biological resource. It is a rich source of several amino acids, fatty acids, and dietary fibers, as well as polysaccharides, polyph...Green seaweed, as the most abundant species of macroseaweeds, is an important marine biological resource. It is a rich source of several amino acids, fatty acids, and dietary fibers, as well as polysaccharides, polyphenols, pigments, and other active substances, which have crucial roles in various biological processes such as antioxidant activity, immunoregulation, and anti-inflammatory response. In recent years, attention to marine resources has accelerated the exploration and utilization of green seaweeds for greater economic value. This paper elaborates on the main nutrients and active substances present in different green seaweeds and provides a review of their biological activities and their applications for high-value utilization.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12174125)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2024A1515010522 and 2021A1515011874).
文摘The temperature of an organism provides key insights into its physiological and pathological status.Temperature monitoring can effectively assess potential health issues and plays a critical role in thermal treatment.Photoacoustic imaging(PAI)has enabled multi-scale imaging,from cells to tissues and organs,where its high contrast,deep penetration,and high resolution make it an emerging tool in biomedical imaging field.Benefiting from the linear correlation between the Grüneisen parameter and temperature within the range of 10–55∘C,the PAI has been developed as novel noninvasive label-free tool for temperature monitoring especially for thermotherapy mediated by laser,ultrasound,and microwave.Additionally,by utilizing temperature-responsive photoacoustic nanoprobes,the temperature information of the targeted organism can also be extracted with enhanced imaging contrast and specificity.This review elucidates the basic principles of temperature monitoring technology implemented by PAI,further highlighting the limitations of traditional photoacoustic thermometry,and summarizes recent technological advancements in analog simulation,calibration method,measurement accuracy,nanoprobe design,and wearable improvement.Furthermore,we discuss the biomedical applications of PA temperature monitoring technology in photothermal therapy and ultrasound therapy,finally,anticipating future developments in the field.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(8172033)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(FRF-BR-15-015A)
文摘The unique physical and chemical properties of rare earth elements lay the foundation for their extensive application. N,N,N’,N’ Tetra-octyl-3-oxopentanediamide(TODGA) is excellent in its ability of extracting rare earth elements and it is favored for green initiative. In this paper, the extraction and back-extraction of14 rare earth elements by TODGA were studied. Experiments show that in conditions of 6 mol/L sulfuric acid, the extraction temperature of 25 ℃,the phase ratio of 1:1 and 0.04 mol/LTODGA(aviation kerosene as the diluent), the extraction rates of 14 rare earth elements including lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium,neodymium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, and yttrium were 99.00%-99.73%. Mixed with hydrochloric acid and nitric acid(HCl 3.5 mol/L, HNO30.5 mol/L), the recoveries of the 14 rare earth elements are 91.52%-99.91% when the extraction temperature is 25 ℃ and the ratio is 1:1. The following application is based on the optimum conditions above with practical samples(from the roasting production line of China North Rare Earth High-tech Company Limited) for extraction and back-extraction experiments. Experiments show that TODGA has excellent enrichment effect on 14 rare earth elements, the extraction rates are 91.36%-99.80%, the back-extraction rates are 87.29%-99.64% and the total recoveries are 81.19%-99.44%.
基金supported by Guangdong Philosophy and Social Sciences Funding(GD21CXL03).
文摘Background:The coronavirus(COVID-19)outbreak in 2019 triggered psychological and emotional responses.This research investigates the psychological status and emotional problems of those who sought psychological assistance during the epidemic period by calling a mental health hotline.Methods:This study aims to combine qualitative and quantitative research.Descriptive analysis was used for undertaking qualitative research.We ana-lyzed the data from group 1(n=706),in which the people used the mental health hotline from 25 January 2020 to 23 June 2020.A self-designed questionnaire was developed in accordance with the classification and sum-marized items from group 1’s psychological problems and emotional status.To implement the quantitative research,we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive survey and used the self-compiled scale and HADS to inves-tigate group 2(n=553)from May 2020 to June 2020.Results:Descriptive statistics and comparative analysis revealed that:①Visitors mainly reported behavior,emotional,family relationship problems and sleep disorders.②Anxiety,comorbidities,sleep disorders and coping problems were the most frequently reported problems.③There were significant differences in the number of visitors experiencing various problems or exhibiting harmful behaviors(sorrow,worry,fear,depression,sleep disorders,self-harm or suicide,and coping problems,anxiety,hypochondria,and comorbidity)in the four stages of the epidemic.④More than a quarter of participants still suffered from anxiety or depression in the later stages of the epidemic.Conclusion:Different problems manifested at different stages of the epidemic,and psychological interventions and assistance should be tailored to reflect this.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants 81630069 and 31771439 to YAG,82173046 to ZR,and 31801128 to YHL,and 82173162 to ZX)Program for Ph.D.Starting Research Funding from Xinxiang Medical University(grant 505249 to YHL)+1 种基金Fund of State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers(grant CBSKL2022KF03 to YHL)National Key Research and Development Program(grant 2016YFC1303200 to ZR).
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is prevalent,and no satisfactory therapeutic options are available because the mechanisms underlying its development are poorly understood.In this study,we discovered that increased expression of methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3)in macrophages was correlated with the development of colitis and that depletion of METTL3 in macrophages protected mice against dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis.Mechanistic characterization indicated that METTL3 depletion increased the YTHDF3-mediated expression of phosphoglycolate phosphatase(PGP),which resulted in glucose metabolism reprogramming and the suppression of CD4+T helper 1(Th1)cell differentiation.Further analysis revealed that glucose metabolism contributed to the ability of METTL3 depletion to ameliorate colitis symptoms.In addition,we developed two potent small molecule METTL3 inhibitors,namely,F039-0002 and 7460-0250,that strongly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis.Overall,our study suggests that METTL3 plays crucial roles in the progression of colitis and highlights the potential of targeting METTL3 to attenuate intestinal inflammation for the treatment of colitis.
基金This work is supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0104401)to S.Y.National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31571522,31970831,31630038 and 31422037)to S.Y.the Project for Extramural Scientists of State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology from China Agricultural University,China(2019SKLAB6-6).
文摘Dear Editor,The diversity and composition of gut microbiota play critical roles for maintaining the homeostasis of host commensal bacteria which are correlated with mammalian health(Ding and Schloss,2014).Disorder of microbial community is implicated in the pathogenesis of several human diseases,such as autoimmune disease,allergy,diabetes,obesity,and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which is clearly demonstrated to relate to gut dysbiosis in patients and mouse models(Saleh and Elson,2011).
基金National Key Research and Development Program(2020YFC2004405)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82330021,82061160372,82270771)+8 种基金Central Military Commission Key Project of Basic Research for Application(BWJ21J003)Regional Joint Funding Key Project of Guangdong Basic Research and Basic Research for Application(2021B1515120083)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(KCXFZ20211020163801002,ZDSYS20220606100801004,SGDX20230116092459009)Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(B2302020)Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund(SZXK002)Futian District Public Health Scientific Research Project of Shenzhen(FTWS2022001)Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine-Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals Fund(HMPE202202)China Heart House-Chinese Cardiovascular Association HX fund(2022-CCA-HX-090)to Hui HuangNational Natural Science Foundation of China(82073408)to JC.
文摘Sex characteristics exhibit significant disparities in various human diseases,including prevalent cardiovascular diseases,cancers,metabolic disorders,autoimmune diseases,and neurodegenerative diseases.Risk profiles and pathological manifestations of these diseases exhibit notable variations between sexes.The underlying reasons for these sex disparities encompass multifactorial elements,such as physiology,genetics,and environment.Recent studies have shown that human body systems demonstrate sex-specific gene expression during critical developmental stages and gene editing processes.These genes,differentially expressed based on different sex,may be regulated by androgen or estrogen-responsive elements,thereby influencing the incidence and presentation of cardiovascular,oncological,metabolic,immune,and neurological diseases across sexes.However,despite the existence of sex differences in patients with human diseases,treatment guidelines predominantly rely on male data due to the underrepresentation of women in clinical trials.At present,there exists a substantial knowledge gap concerning sex-specific mechanisms and clinical treatments for diverse diseases.Therefore,this review aims to elucidate the advances of sex differences on human diseases by examining epidemiological factors,pathogenesis,and innovative progress of clinical treatments in accordance with the distinctive risk characteristics of each disease and provide a new theoretical and practical basis for further optimizing individualized treatment and improving patient prognosis.
文摘Dr.Lei Wang’s new book,John Dewey’s Democratic Education and Its Influence on Pedagogy in China 1917-1937,examines Dewey’s thoughts and analysis on,as well as strategies for China’s reforms in the early 20th century,and the actions of other Chinese intellectuals who were influenced by Dewey.The book is well organized and can be divided into three themes:(1)The historical background in China during Dewey’s visit and his analysis regarding the reconstruction of the country comprise Chapters 1 to 4,and Chapter 6;(2)misunderstandings and mistranslations of the lectures Dewey delivered in China are discussed in Chapter 5;and(3)other Chinese scholars and/or reformers’beliefs and actions on pedagogical transformation in China influenced by Dewey are the focus of Chapters 7 to 12.
基金supported by the Major Program of Shenzhen Bay Laboratory(S201101004)the Open Program of Shenzhen Bay Laboratory(SZBL2020090501005)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81988101,31991171,91959000)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z211100003321005)
文摘Maturation is essential for dendritic cells(DCs)to function as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity.The plastic maturation states correspond to the multifaceted roles of DCs in the initiation of protective,tolerogenic and pathogenic immune responses.The formation of a distinct maturation state of DCs involves the complex crosstalk between the intrinsic differences in their ontogeny and the immune environments.Recent studies have defined a universal mature DC population in the tumor microenvironment(TME),but their ontogenesis and functions remain unclear.Here,we summarize recent advances in DC maturation and attempt to dissect the complex functions of mature DCs in the TME.We highlighted that there is a distinct similarity and heterogeneity of mature DCs in the TME,in which the environment and development are both important.These help us revisit the diversity of DC maturation and to better dissect the complex functions of DCs in the TME.
基金supported by Key Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2020 J02032)Fujian‘Young Eagle Program’Youth Top Talent Program.
文摘Green seaweed, as the most abundant species of macroseaweeds, is an important marine biological resource. It is a rich source of several amino acids, fatty acids, and dietary fibers, as well as polysaccharides, polyphenols, pigments, and other active substances, which have crucial roles in various biological processes such as antioxidant activity, immunoregulation, and anti-inflammatory response. In recent years, attention to marine resources has accelerated the exploration and utilization of green seaweeds for greater economic value. This paper elaborates on the main nutrients and active substances present in different green seaweeds and provides a review of their biological activities and their applications for high-value utilization.
