Objective:To investigate the impacts of radiotherapy(RT)on dicentric chromosomes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of cancer patients,in order to explore the relationship between dicentric chromosomes and RT-induced adv...Objective:To investigate the impacts of radiotherapy(RT)on dicentric chromosomes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of cancer patients,in order to explore the relationship between dicentric chromosomes and RT-induced adverse reactions.Methods:A total of 33 cancer patients after postoperative RT in a tertiary hospital from October 2021 to May 2022 were enrolled in this study.These patients were grouped according to the grade of acute skin and marrow toxicities determined based on the scoring criteria for acute morbidity developed by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group(RTOG).Peripheral blood samples were collected from each patient before and after RT,followed by whole-blood lymphocyte culture and chromosome analysis.Dicentric chromosomes were searched automatically using a high-throughput chromosome analysis system and were then confirmed manually.Finally,the relationships of the frequency of dicentric chromosomes(also referred to as the dic frequency)with acute skin and marrow toxicities were assessed.Results:After RT,the mean counts of white blood cells(WBCs),lymphocytes,and platelets significantly decreased,while the red blood cells(RBCs)and hemoglobin notably increased(P<0.001),while the dic frequency was elevated remarkably,significantly higher in patients with higher-grade(>1)acute skin toxicities compared to those with lower-grade(=1)acute skin toxicities(Z=-1.985,P=0.047).However,no significant relationship was observed between the dic frequency and acute marrow toxicity after RT(P>0.05).Logistic regression showed that radiosensitivity denoted by the post-RT dic frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes produced insignificant impacts on the severity of RT-induced acute skin toxicities(P=0.060).Conclusion:The elevated dic frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes of cancer patients with higher-grade acute skin toxicities suggests enhanced radiosensitivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes,which is associated with the occurrence of RT-induced adverse reactions.展开更多
Cytogenetic indicators,especially dicentric chromosomes,have been globally considered the gold standard of biological dose estimation for more than 60 years.The application of these indicators to biological dose estim...Cytogenetic indicators,especially dicentric chromosomes,have been globally considered the gold standard of biological dose estimation for more than 60 years.The application of these indicators to biological dose estimation in victims of radiation accidents in China has undergone approximately 40 years of development and thus provides more accurate information for the clinical diagnosis and patients’treatment.This paper reviews the application and future development of cytogenetic indicators,including chromosomal aberrations(dicentric chromosomes and chromosomal translocations),cytokinesis-block micronuclei,nucleoplasmic bridges,and premature condensation chromosome ring,as biodosimeters in China.展开更多
Objective:To explore the late effects of acute radiation exposure through the follow-up of two victims of a 60Cosource radiation accident,who suffered moderate acute radiation sickness of bone marrow type.Methods:On M...Objective:To explore the late effects of acute radiation exposure through the follow-up of two victims of a 60Cosource radiation accident,who suffered moderate acute radiation sickness of bone marrow type.Methods:On May 26,1986,a power failure occurred suddenly at an irradiation plant in Kaifeng,Henan Province,China,during which two workers at the site,named Liang and Yan,accidentally entered the 60Co-source irradiation cell in service.Long-term medical observations were carried out on them following the accident.Results:The late effects of the accident on Liang and Yan were observed.The main manifestations of Liang were hypomnesia and visual impairment.A typical radiation-induced cataract developed 2 years after exposure.Local cutaneous radiation injury and resultant five operations were performed within a period of five years after exposure.The decrease in the number and low viability of his sperms was found 1 year after exposure.The decrease in his leukocytes and platelets occurred during 1–5 years after exposure.He died from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 21 years after exposure.For Yan,the main manifestations included headache,dizziness,fatigue,insomnia,and susceptibility to cold just after exposure.She had intermittent menolipsis at age 41.The leukocytes was fluctuating in the range of(3.1–3.9)109/L 14–24 years after exposure.A decrease in estradiol(reproductive hormone)and an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone were observed.Thyroid nodules were detected by thyroid ultrasound 21 years after exposure.She died from acute myeloid leukemia(AML)32 years after exposure.Conclusions:Follow-up of victims exposed to a high activity radiation source should focus on the organs sensitive to radiation and on the radiation-induced carcinogenesis.展开更多
基金supported by the Medical Science and Technology Project of Henan Province(LHGJ20230553,LHGJ20190815)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Science(2021-I2M-1-042,2019-I2M-2-006).
文摘Objective:To investigate the impacts of radiotherapy(RT)on dicentric chromosomes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of cancer patients,in order to explore the relationship between dicentric chromosomes and RT-induced adverse reactions.Methods:A total of 33 cancer patients after postoperative RT in a tertiary hospital from October 2021 to May 2022 were enrolled in this study.These patients were grouped according to the grade of acute skin and marrow toxicities determined based on the scoring criteria for acute morbidity developed by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group(RTOG).Peripheral blood samples were collected from each patient before and after RT,followed by whole-blood lymphocyte culture and chromosome analysis.Dicentric chromosomes were searched automatically using a high-throughput chromosome analysis system and were then confirmed manually.Finally,the relationships of the frequency of dicentric chromosomes(also referred to as the dic frequency)with acute skin and marrow toxicities were assessed.Results:After RT,the mean counts of white blood cells(WBCs),lymphocytes,and platelets significantly decreased,while the red blood cells(RBCs)and hemoglobin notably increased(P<0.001),while the dic frequency was elevated remarkably,significantly higher in patients with higher-grade(>1)acute skin toxicities compared to those with lower-grade(=1)acute skin toxicities(Z=-1.985,P=0.047).However,no significant relationship was observed between the dic frequency and acute marrow toxicity after RT(P>0.05).Logistic regression showed that radiosensitivity denoted by the post-RT dic frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes produced insignificant impacts on the severity of RT-induced acute skin toxicities(P=0.060).Conclusion:The elevated dic frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes of cancer patients with higher-grade acute skin toxicities suggests enhanced radiosensitivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes,which is associated with the occurrence of RT-induced adverse reactions.
基金This work was supported by Key Science and Technology Project of Henan Province,China,IDs:142102310086Medical Science and Technology Reseach of Henan Province,China,IDs:LHGJ20190815。
文摘Cytogenetic indicators,especially dicentric chromosomes,have been globally considered the gold standard of biological dose estimation for more than 60 years.The application of these indicators to biological dose estimation in victims of radiation accidents in China has undergone approximately 40 years of development and thus provides more accurate information for the clinical diagnosis and patients’treatment.This paper reviews the application and future development of cytogenetic indicators,including chromosomal aberrations(dicentric chromosomes and chromosomal translocations),cytokinesis-block micronuclei,nucleoplasmic bridges,and premature condensation chromosome ring,as biodosimeters in China.
文摘Objective:To explore the late effects of acute radiation exposure through the follow-up of two victims of a 60Cosource radiation accident,who suffered moderate acute radiation sickness of bone marrow type.Methods:On May 26,1986,a power failure occurred suddenly at an irradiation plant in Kaifeng,Henan Province,China,during which two workers at the site,named Liang and Yan,accidentally entered the 60Co-source irradiation cell in service.Long-term medical observations were carried out on them following the accident.Results:The late effects of the accident on Liang and Yan were observed.The main manifestations of Liang were hypomnesia and visual impairment.A typical radiation-induced cataract developed 2 years after exposure.Local cutaneous radiation injury and resultant five operations were performed within a period of five years after exposure.The decrease in the number and low viability of his sperms was found 1 year after exposure.The decrease in his leukocytes and platelets occurred during 1–5 years after exposure.He died from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 21 years after exposure.For Yan,the main manifestations included headache,dizziness,fatigue,insomnia,and susceptibility to cold just after exposure.She had intermittent menolipsis at age 41.The leukocytes was fluctuating in the range of(3.1–3.9)109/L 14–24 years after exposure.A decrease in estradiol(reproductive hormone)and an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone were observed.Thyroid nodules were detected by thyroid ultrasound 21 years after exposure.She died from acute myeloid leukemia(AML)32 years after exposure.Conclusions:Follow-up of victims exposed to a high activity radiation source should focus on the organs sensitive to radiation and on the radiation-induced carcinogenesis.
