Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi produces abundant root-specific f lavones(RSFs),which provide various benefits to human health.We have elucidated the complete biosynthetic pathways of baicalein and wogonin.However,the ...Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi produces abundant root-specific f lavones(RSFs),which provide various benefits to human health.We have elucidated the complete biosynthetic pathways of baicalein and wogonin.However,the transcriptional regulation of f lavone biosynthesis in S.baicalensis remains unclear.We show that the SbMYB3 transcription factor functions as a transcriptional activator involved in the biosynthesis of RSFs in S.baicalensis.Yeast one-hybrid and transcriptional activation assays showed that SbMYB3 binds to the promoter of flavone synthase II-2(SbFNSII-2)and enhances its transcription.In S.baicalensis hairy roots,RNAi of SbMYB3 reduced the accumulation of baicalin and wogonoside,and SbMYB3 knockout decreased the biosynthesis of baicalein,baicalin,wogonin,and wogonoside,whereas SbMYB3 overexpression enhanced the contents of baicalein,baicalin,wogonin,and wogonoside.Transcript profiling by qRT–PCR demonstrated that SbMYB3 activates SbFNSII-2 expression directly,thus leading to more abundant accumulation of RSFs.This study provides a potential target for metabolic engineering of RSFs.展开更多
The triad of Legionella pneumonia,rhabdomyolysis,and acute kidney injury(AKI)is uncommon but can be devastating.[1]It is vital to recognize Legionella species early as a potential cause of pneumonia.Legionella infecti...The triad of Legionella pneumonia,rhabdomyolysis,and acute kidney injury(AKI)is uncommon but can be devastating.[1]It is vital to recognize Legionella species early as a potential cause of pneumonia.Legionella infection remains underdiagnosed because of the nonspecific nature of clinical features and the shortcomings of routinely available diagnostic tests.[2]Metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)is a culture-free and hypothesis-free diagnostic method that can rapidly identify almost all known pathogens in a sample.[3]Here,we present a successfully cured case of rhabdomyolysis and AKI caused by Legionella pneumophila with etiologic diagnosis aided by the use of mNGS.展开更多
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,a member of the Lamiaceae family,is a widely utilized medicinal plant.The flavones extracted from S.baicalensis contribute to numerous health benefits,including anti-inflammatory,antivir...Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,a member of the Lamiaceae family,is a widely utilized medicinal plant.The flavones extracted from S.baicalensis contribute to numerous health benefits,including anti-inflammatory,antiviral,and anti-tumor activities.However,the incomplete genome assembly hinders biological studies on S.baicalensis.This study presents the first telomere-to-telomere(T2T)gap-free genome assembly of S.baicalensis through the integration of Pacbio HiFi,Nanopore ultra-long and Hi-C technologies.A total of 384.59 Mb of genome size with a contig N50 of 42.44 Mb was obtained,and all sequences were anchored into nine pseudochromosomes without any gap or mismatch.In addition,we analysed the major cyanidin-and delphinidin-based anthocyanins involved in the determination of blue-purple flower using a widely-targeted metabolome approach.Based on the genome-wide identification of Cytochrome P450(CYP450)gene family,three genes(SbFBH1,2,and 5)encoding flavonoid 3′-hydroxylases(F3′Hs)and one gene(SbFBH7)encoding flavonoid 3′5′-hydroxylase(F3′5′H)were found to hydroxylate the B-ring of flavonoids.Our studies enrich the genomic information available for the Lamiaceae family and provide a toolkit for discovering CYP450 genes involved in the flavonoid decoration.展开更多
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is important in Chinese traditional medicine where preparations of dried roots,"Huang Qin," are used for liver and lung complaints and as complementary cancer treatments. We re...Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is important in Chinese traditional medicine where preparations of dried roots,"Huang Qin," are used for liver and lung complaints and as complementary cancer treatments. We report a high-quality reference genome sequence for S. baicalensis where 93% of the 408.14-Mb genome has been assembled into nine pseudochromosomes with a super-N50 of 33.2 Mb. Comparison of this sequence with those of closely related species in the order Lamiales, sesamum indicum and Salvia splendens,revealed that a specialized metabolic pathway for the synthesis of 4'-deoxyflavone bioactives evolved in the genus Scu-tellaria. We found that the gene encoding a specific cinnamate coenzyme A ligase likely obtained its newfunc- tion following recent mutations, and that four genes encoding enzymes in the 4'-deoxyflavone pathway are present as tandem repeats in the genome of S. baicalensis. Further analyses revealed that gene duplications, segmental duplication, gene amplification, and point mutations coupled to gene neo- and subfunctionaliza-tions were involved in the evolution of 4'-deoxyflavone synthesis in the genus Scutellaria. Our study not only provides significant insight into the evolution of specific flavone biosynthetic pathways in the mint family, Lamiaceae, but also will facilitate the development of tools for enhancing bioactive productivity by metabolic engineering in microbes or by molecular breeding in plants. The reference genome of S. baicalensis is also useful for improving the genome assemblies for other members of the mint family and offers an important foundation for decoding the synthetic pathways of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants.展开更多
Accurate landslide extraction is significant for landslide disaster prevention and control.Remote sensing images have been widely used in landslide investigation,and landslide extraction methods based on deep learning...Accurate landslide extraction is significant for landslide disaster prevention and control.Remote sensing images have been widely used in landslide investigation,and landslide extraction methods based on deep learning combined with remote sensing images(such as U-Net)have received a lot of attention.However,because of the variable shape and texture features of landslides in remote sensing images,the rich spectral features,and the complexity of their surrounding features,landslide extraction using U-Net can lead to problems such as false detection and missed detection.Therefore,this study introduces the channel attention mechanism called the squeeze-and-excitation network(SENet)in the feature fusion part of U-Net;the study also constructs an attention U-Net landside extraction model combining SENet and U-Net,and uses Sentinel-2A remote sensing images for model training and validation.The extraction results are evaluated through different evaluation metrics and compared with those of two models:U-Net and U-Net Backbone(U-Net Without Skip Connection).The results show that proposed the model can effectively extract landslides based on Sentinel-2A remote sensing images with an F1 value of 87.94%,which is about 2%and 3%higher than U-Net and U-Net Backbone,respectively,with less false detection and more accurate extraction results.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1706200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870282 and 31700268)+1 种基金the Chenshan Special Fund for Shanghai Landscaping Administration Bureau Program(G182401,G192419,and G212401)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi produces abundant root-specific f lavones(RSFs),which provide various benefits to human health.We have elucidated the complete biosynthetic pathways of baicalein and wogonin.However,the transcriptional regulation of f lavone biosynthesis in S.baicalensis remains unclear.We show that the SbMYB3 transcription factor functions as a transcriptional activator involved in the biosynthesis of RSFs in S.baicalensis.Yeast one-hybrid and transcriptional activation assays showed that SbMYB3 binds to the promoter of flavone synthase II-2(SbFNSII-2)and enhances its transcription.In S.baicalensis hairy roots,RNAi of SbMYB3 reduced the accumulation of baicalin and wogonoside,and SbMYB3 knockout decreased the biosynthesis of baicalein,baicalin,wogonin,and wogonoside,whereas SbMYB3 overexpression enhanced the contents of baicalein,baicalin,wogonin,and wogonoside.Transcript profiling by qRT–PCR demonstrated that SbMYB3 activates SbFNSII-2 expression directly,thus leading to more abundant accumulation of RSFs.This study provides a potential target for metabolic engineering of RSFs.
文摘The triad of Legionella pneumonia,rhabdomyolysis,and acute kidney injury(AKI)is uncommon but can be devastating.[1]It is vital to recognize Legionella species early as a potential cause of pneumonia.Legionella infection remains underdiagnosed because of the nonspecific nature of clinical features and the shortcomings of routinely available diagnostic tests.[2]Metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)is a culture-free and hypothesis-free diagnostic method that can rapidly identify almost all known pathogens in a sample.[3]Here,we present a successfully cured case of rhabdomyolysis and AKI caused by Legionella pneumophila with etiologic diagnosis aided by the use of mNGS.
基金This work is sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(22ZR1479500)Special Fund for Scientific Research of Shanghai Landscaping&City Appearance Administrative Bureau(G212401)+2 种基金Ministry of Science and Technology of China(YDZX20223100001003)Funding for Shanghai science and technology promoting agriculture from Shanghai Agriculture and Rural Affairs Commission(Hu Nong Ke Chan Zi(2023)No.8)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Q.Z.is also supported by the Shanghai Youth Talent Support Program and SANOFI-SIBS scholarship.We greatly appreciate the experimental facilities and services provided by the office of Chenshan Plant Science Research Center.We also thank Yanbo Huang from Shanghai National Forest Germplasm Resource Center of Lamiaceae Plant for the photograph of S.baicalensis in Fig.1.
文摘Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,a member of the Lamiaceae family,is a widely utilized medicinal plant.The flavones extracted from S.baicalensis contribute to numerous health benefits,including anti-inflammatory,antiviral,and anti-tumor activities.However,the incomplete genome assembly hinders biological studies on S.baicalensis.This study presents the first telomere-to-telomere(T2T)gap-free genome assembly of S.baicalensis through the integration of Pacbio HiFi,Nanopore ultra-long and Hi-C technologies.A total of 384.59 Mb of genome size with a contig N50 of 42.44 Mb was obtained,and all sequences were anchored into nine pseudochromosomes without any gap or mismatch.In addition,we analysed the major cyanidin-and delphinidin-based anthocyanins involved in the determination of blue-purple flower using a widely-targeted metabolome approach.Based on the genome-wide identification of Cytochrome P450(CYP450)gene family,three genes(SbFBH1,2,and 5)encoding flavonoid 3′-hydroxylases(F3′Hs)and one gene(SbFBH7)encoding flavonoid 3′5′-hydroxylase(F3′5′H)were found to hydroxylate the B-ring of flavonoids.Our studies enrich the genomic information available for the Lamiaceae family and provide a toolkit for discovering CYP450 genes involved in the flavonoid decoration.
基金National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1706200,2018YFD1000701-4)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31870282, 31700268 and 31788103)+2 种基金the Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences (QYZDY-SSW-SMC026 and 153D31KYSB20160074)the Chenshan Special Fund for Shanghai Landscaping Administration Bureau Program (G182401, G172402, G182402, G192413, and G192414)the CAS/JIC and Center of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Sciences (CEPAMS) joint foundation through support to Q.Z., X.Y.C., J.Y., and C.M. Q.Z. and J.Y. were also supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is important in Chinese traditional medicine where preparations of dried roots,"Huang Qin," are used for liver and lung complaints and as complementary cancer treatments. We report a high-quality reference genome sequence for S. baicalensis where 93% of the 408.14-Mb genome has been assembled into nine pseudochromosomes with a super-N50 of 33.2 Mb. Comparison of this sequence with those of closely related species in the order Lamiales, sesamum indicum and Salvia splendens,revealed that a specialized metabolic pathway for the synthesis of 4'-deoxyflavone bioactives evolved in the genus Scu-tellaria. We found that the gene encoding a specific cinnamate coenzyme A ligase likely obtained its newfunc- tion following recent mutations, and that four genes encoding enzymes in the 4'-deoxyflavone pathway are present as tandem repeats in the genome of S. baicalensis. Further analyses revealed that gene duplications, segmental duplication, gene amplification, and point mutations coupled to gene neo- and subfunctionaliza-tions were involved in the evolution of 4'-deoxyflavone synthesis in the genus Scutellaria. Our study not only provides significant insight into the evolution of specific flavone biosynthetic pathways in the mint family, Lamiaceae, but also will facilitate the development of tools for enhancing bioactive productivity by metabolic engineering in microbes or by molecular breeding in plants. The reference genome of S. baicalensis is also useful for improving the genome assemblies for other members of the mint family and offers an important foundation for decoding the synthetic pathways of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants.
基金supported by the Project Supported by the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation Ministry of Natural Resources[grant number KF-2021-06-014]the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China[grant number 42201459]+2 种基金the Central Government to Guide Local Scientific and Technological Development[grant number 22ZY1QA005]Tianyou Youth Talent Lift Program of Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Young Doctoral Fund Project of Higher Education Institutions in Gansu Province[grant number 2022QB-058]State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering and Key Laboratory of Surveying and Mapping Science and Geospatial Information Technology of MNR,CASM(2022-03-03).
文摘Accurate landslide extraction is significant for landslide disaster prevention and control.Remote sensing images have been widely used in landslide investigation,and landslide extraction methods based on deep learning combined with remote sensing images(such as U-Net)have received a lot of attention.However,because of the variable shape and texture features of landslides in remote sensing images,the rich spectral features,and the complexity of their surrounding features,landslide extraction using U-Net can lead to problems such as false detection and missed detection.Therefore,this study introduces the channel attention mechanism called the squeeze-and-excitation network(SENet)in the feature fusion part of U-Net;the study also constructs an attention U-Net landside extraction model combining SENet and U-Net,and uses Sentinel-2A remote sensing images for model training and validation.The extraction results are evaluated through different evaluation metrics and compared with those of two models:U-Net and U-Net Backbone(U-Net Without Skip Connection).The results show that proposed the model can effectively extract landslides based on Sentinel-2A remote sensing images with an F1 value of 87.94%,which is about 2%and 3%higher than U-Net and U-Net Backbone,respectively,with less false detection and more accurate extraction results.
