The complex relationships between indicators and water conditions cause fuzzy and gray uncertainties in evaluation of water quality. Compared to conventional single-factor evaluation methods, the combination evaluatio...The complex relationships between indicators and water conditions cause fuzzy and gray uncertainties in evaluation of water quality. Compared to conventional single-factor evaluation methods, the combination evaluation method can consider these two uncertainties to produce more objective and reasonable evaluation results. In this paper, we propose a combination evaluation method with two main parts:(1) the use of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and gray correlation analysis as submodels with which to consider the fuzzy and gray uncertainties and(2) the establishment of a combination model based on minimum bias squares. In addition, using this method, we evaluate the water quality of a ditch in a typical rice–wheat system of Yixing city in the Taihu Lake Basin during three rainfall events. The results show that the ditch water quality is not good and we found the chemical oxygen demand to be the key indicator that affects water quality most significantly. The proposed combination evaluation method is more accurate and practical than single-factor evaluation methods in that it considers the uncertainties of fuzziness and grayness.展开更多
Memtransistors combine memristors and field-effect transistors, which can introduce multi-port control and have significant applications for enriching storage methods. In this paper, multilayer α-In2Se3and MoS2were t...Memtransistors combine memristors and field-effect transistors, which can introduce multi-port control and have significant applications for enriching storage methods. In this paper, multilayer α-In2Se3and MoS2were transferred to the substrate by the mechanical exfoliation method, then a heterojunction MoS_(2)/α-In_(2)Se_(3) memtransistor was prepared. Neural synaptic simulations were performed using electrical and optical pulses as input signals. Through measurements, such as excitatory/inhibitory post-synaptic current(EPSC/IPSC), long-term potentiation/depression(LTP/LTD), and paired-pulse facilitation/depression(PPF/PPD), it can be found that the fabricated device could simulate various functions of neural synapses well, and could work as an electronic synapse in artificial neural networks, proposing a possible solution for neuromorphic storage and computation.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a restricted, adaptive threshold approach for the segmentation of images of the glottis acquired from high speed video-endoscopy (HSV). The approach involves first, identifying a region of in...In this paper, we propose a restricted, adaptive threshold approach for the segmentation of images of the glottis acquired from high speed video-endoscopy (HSV). The approach involves first, identifying a region of interest (ROI) that encloses the vocal-fold motion extent for each image frame as estimated by the different image sequences. This procedure is then followed by threshold segmentation restricted within the identified ROI for each image frame of the original image sequences, or referred to as sub-image sequences. The threshold value is adapted for each sub-image frame and determined by respective minimum gray-scale value that typically corresponds to a spatial location within the glottis. The proposed approach is practical and highly efficient for segmenting a vast amount of image frames since simple threshold method is adapted. Results obtained from the segmentation of representative clinical image sequences are presented to verify the proposed method.展开更多
Objective:This study evaluated the optimal systolic blood pressure(SBP)target for older patients with hypertension.Method:A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted.The risk of bias of the included studies was ass...Objective:This study evaluated the optimal systolic blood pressure(SBP)target for older patients with hypertension.Method:A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted.The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed by using a modified version of the Cochrane risk of bias.The trial outcomes comprised the following clinical events:ma-jor adverse cardiovascular events(MACE),cardiovascular mortality,all-cause mortality,myocardial infarction,heart failure and stroke.Results:A total of six trials were included.We reclassified all treatment therapies into three conditions according to the final achieved SBP after intervention(<130 mmHg,130–139 mmHg and≥140 mmHg).Our results demon-strated that anti-hypertensive treatment with an SBP target<130 mmHg,compared with treatment with an SBP target≥140 mmHg,significantly decreased the incidence of MACE(OR 0.43,95%CI 0.19–0.76),but no statistical difference was found in other comparisons.Although the results showed a trend toward more intensive anti-hypertension therapy having better effects on preventing cardiovascular mortality,all-cause mortality,myocardial infarction,heart failure,and stroke,no significant differences were found among groups.Conclusions:Our meta-analysis suggested that SBP<130 mmHg might be the optimal BP control target for patients≥60 years of age;however,further evidence is required to support our findings.展开更多
Cardiac development is a complex and intricate process involving numerous molecular signals and pathways.Researchers have explored cardiac development through a long journey,starting with early studies observing morph...Cardiac development is a complex and intricate process involving numerous molecular signals and pathways.Researchers have explored cardiac development through a long journey,starting with early studies observing morphological changes and progressing to the exploration of molecular mechanisms using various molecular biology methods.Currently,advancements in stem cell technology and sequencing technology,such as the generation of human pluripotent stem cells and cardiac organoids,multi-omics sequencing,and artificial intelligence(AI)technology,have enabled researchers to understand the molecular mechanisms of cardiac development better.Many molecular signals regulate cardiac development,including various growth and transcription factors and signaling pathways,such as WNT signaling,retinoic acid signaling,and Notch signaling pathways.In addition,cilia,the extracellular matrix,epigenetic modifications,and hypoxia conditions also play important roles in cardiac development.These factors play crucial roles at one or even multiple stages of cardiac development.Recent studies have also identified roles for autophagy,metabolic transition,and macrophages in cardiac development.Deficiencies or abnormal expression of these factors can lead to various types of cardiac development abnormalities.Nowadays,congenital heart disease(CHD)management requires lifelong care,primarily involving surgical and pharmacological treatments.Advances in surgical techniques and the development of clinical genetic testing have enabled earlier diagnosis and treatment of CHD.However,these technologies still have significant limitations.The development of new technologies,such as sequencing and AI technologies,will help us better understand the molecular mechanisms of cardiac development and promote earlier prevention and treatment of CHD in the future.展开更多
Traditional artificial intelligence(AI)-based methods for breast cancer diagnosis often rely on a single modality,such as ultrasound images.With the rise of multimodal approaches,multiple data sources,including imagin...Traditional artificial intelligence(AI)-based methods for breast cancer diagnosis often rely on a single modality,such as ultrasound images.With the rise of multimodal approaches,multiple data sources,including imaging from diverse medical modalities,structured clinical information,and unstructured medical reports,are increasingly integrated to provide richer and more informative signals for model training.This survey reviews the data modalities employed in AI-based breast cancer research,examines common multimodal combinations and fusion strategies,and discusses their applications across clinical tasks such as diagnosis,treatment planning,and outcome prediction.By consolidating current literature and identifying critical gaps,this survey aims to guide future research toward the development of reliable,clinically relevant multimodal AI systems for use in breast cancer management.展开更多
Implanting artificial organelles in living cells is capable of correcting cellular dysfunctionalities for cell repair and biomedical applications. In this work, phase-separated bienzyme-loaded coacervate microdroplets...Implanting artificial organelles in living cells is capable of correcting cellular dysfunctionalities for cell repair and biomedical applications. In this work, phase-separated bienzyme-loaded coacervate microdroplets are established as a model of artificial membraneless organelles in endothelial dysfunctional cells for the cascade enzymatic production of nitric oxide(NO) with a purpose of correcting cellular NO deficiency. We prepared the coacervate microdroplets via liquid-liquid phase separation of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, in which glucose oxidase/horseradish peroxidase-mediated cascade reaction was compartmented. After the coacervate microdroplets were implanted in NO-deficient dysfunctional cells, the compartments maintained a phase-separated liquid droplet structure, which facilitated a significant enhancement of NO production in the dysfunctional cells. The recovery of NO production was further exploited to inhibit clot formation in blood plasma located in the cell suspension. This demonstrated a proof-of-concept design of artificial organelles in dysfunctional cells for cell repair and anticoagulation-related medical applications. Our results demonstrate an approach for the construction of coacervate droplets through phase separation for the generation of artificial membraneless organelles, which can be designed to provide an array of functionalities in living organisms that have the potential to be used in the field of cell engineering and medical therapy.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFC0405006)the Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51621092)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (No. 16JCYBJC23100)
文摘The complex relationships between indicators and water conditions cause fuzzy and gray uncertainties in evaluation of water quality. Compared to conventional single-factor evaluation methods, the combination evaluation method can consider these two uncertainties to produce more objective and reasonable evaluation results. In this paper, we propose a combination evaluation method with two main parts:(1) the use of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and gray correlation analysis as submodels with which to consider the fuzzy and gray uncertainties and(2) the establishment of a combination model based on minimum bias squares. In addition, using this method, we evaluate the water quality of a ditch in a typical rice–wheat system of Yixing city in the Taihu Lake Basin during three rainfall events. The results show that the ditch water quality is not good and we found the chemical oxygen demand to be the key indicator that affects water quality most significantly. The proposed combination evaluation method is more accurate and practical than single-factor evaluation methods in that it considers the uncertainties of fuzziness and grayness.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51702245)。
文摘Memtransistors combine memristors and field-effect transistors, which can introduce multi-port control and have significant applications for enriching storage methods. In this paper, multilayer α-In2Se3and MoS2were transferred to the substrate by the mechanical exfoliation method, then a heterojunction MoS_(2)/α-In_(2)Se_(3) memtransistor was prepared. Neural synaptic simulations were performed using electrical and optical pulses as input signals. Through measurements, such as excitatory/inhibitory post-synaptic current(EPSC/IPSC), long-term potentiation/depression(LTP/LTD), and paired-pulse facilitation/depression(PPF/PPD), it can be found that the fabricated device could simulate various functions of neural synapses well, and could work as an electronic synapse in artificial neural networks, proposing a possible solution for neuromorphic storage and computation.
文摘In this paper, we propose a restricted, adaptive threshold approach for the segmentation of images of the glottis acquired from high speed video-endoscopy (HSV). The approach involves first, identifying a region of interest (ROI) that encloses the vocal-fold motion extent for each image frame as estimated by the different image sequences. This procedure is then followed by threshold segmentation restricted within the identified ROI for each image frame of the original image sequences, or referred to as sub-image sequences. The threshold value is adapted for each sub-image frame and determined by respective minimum gray-scale value that typically corresponds to a spatial location within the glottis. The proposed approach is practical and highly efficient for segmenting a vast amount of image frames since simple threshold method is adapted. Results obtained from the segmentation of representative clinical image sequences are presented to verify the proposed method.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81770251)National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Science Fund Project(81800254),Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission(cstc2020jcyjmsxmX0210)Medical research projects of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission and Chongqing Health Committee(2021MSXM217,2020FYYX047).
文摘Objective:This study evaluated the optimal systolic blood pressure(SBP)target for older patients with hypertension.Method:A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted.The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed by using a modified version of the Cochrane risk of bias.The trial outcomes comprised the following clinical events:ma-jor adverse cardiovascular events(MACE),cardiovascular mortality,all-cause mortality,myocardial infarction,heart failure and stroke.Results:A total of six trials were included.We reclassified all treatment therapies into three conditions according to the final achieved SBP after intervention(<130 mmHg,130–139 mmHg and≥140 mmHg).Our results demon-strated that anti-hypertensive treatment with an SBP target<130 mmHg,compared with treatment with an SBP target≥140 mmHg,significantly decreased the incidence of MACE(OR 0.43,95%CI 0.19–0.76),but no statistical difference was found in other comparisons.Although the results showed a trend toward more intensive anti-hypertension therapy having better effects on preventing cardiovascular mortality,all-cause mortality,myocardial infarction,heart failure,and stroke,no significant differences were found among groups.Conclusions:Our meta-analysis suggested that SBP<130 mmHg might be the optimal BP control target for patients≥60 years of age;however,further evidence is required to support our findings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82270281,82400365)the Key Project of Technology Innovation and Application Development in Chongqing(CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0048)+7 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023MD744155)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission(CSTB2023NSCQ-BHX0020)Construction of Graduate Tutor Team in Chongqing Medical University(cqmudstd202205)Chongqing Elite Teachers and Experts Project(QiangShe[2022])Postdoctoral Project of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0626)Senior Medical Talents Program of Chongqing for Young and Middle-aged(JianlinDu[2022])Future Medicine Youth Innovation Team Development Support Program of Chongqing Medical University(W0133)Kuanren Talents Program of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.
文摘Cardiac development is a complex and intricate process involving numerous molecular signals and pathways.Researchers have explored cardiac development through a long journey,starting with early studies observing morphological changes and progressing to the exploration of molecular mechanisms using various molecular biology methods.Currently,advancements in stem cell technology and sequencing technology,such as the generation of human pluripotent stem cells and cardiac organoids,multi-omics sequencing,and artificial intelligence(AI)technology,have enabled researchers to understand the molecular mechanisms of cardiac development better.Many molecular signals regulate cardiac development,including various growth and transcription factors and signaling pathways,such as WNT signaling,retinoic acid signaling,and Notch signaling pathways.In addition,cilia,the extracellular matrix,epigenetic modifications,and hypoxia conditions also play important roles in cardiac development.These factors play crucial roles at one or even multiple stages of cardiac development.Recent studies have also identified roles for autophagy,metabolic transition,and macrophages in cardiac development.Deficiencies or abnormal expression of these factors can lead to various types of cardiac development abnormalities.Nowadays,congenital heart disease(CHD)management requires lifelong care,primarily involving surgical and pharmacological treatments.Advances in surgical techniques and the development of clinical genetic testing have enabled earlier diagnosis and treatment of CHD.However,these technologies still have significant limitations.The development of new technologies,such as sequencing and AI technologies,will help us better understand the molecular mechanisms of cardiac development and promote earlier prevention and treatment of CHD in the future.
文摘Traditional artificial intelligence(AI)-based methods for breast cancer diagnosis often rely on a single modality,such as ultrasound images.With the rise of multimodal approaches,multiple data sources,including imaging from diverse medical modalities,structured clinical information,and unstructured medical reports,are increasingly integrated to provide richer and more informative signals for model training.This survey reviews the data modalities employed in AI-based breast cancer research,examines common multimodal combinations and fusion strategies,and discusses their applications across clinical tasks such as diagnosis,treatment planning,and outcome prediction.By consolidating current literature and identifying critical gaps,this survey aims to guide future research toward the development of reliable,clinically relevant multimodal AI systems for use in breast cancer management.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21735002,22177032,32101082)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province(2021JJ10013)+1 种基金the Hunan Province Innovative Talent Funding for Postdoctoral Fellows(2021RC2059)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(2021TQ0103,2021M690957).
文摘Implanting artificial organelles in living cells is capable of correcting cellular dysfunctionalities for cell repair and biomedical applications. In this work, phase-separated bienzyme-loaded coacervate microdroplets are established as a model of artificial membraneless organelles in endothelial dysfunctional cells for the cascade enzymatic production of nitric oxide(NO) with a purpose of correcting cellular NO deficiency. We prepared the coacervate microdroplets via liquid-liquid phase separation of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, in which glucose oxidase/horseradish peroxidase-mediated cascade reaction was compartmented. After the coacervate microdroplets were implanted in NO-deficient dysfunctional cells, the compartments maintained a phase-separated liquid droplet structure, which facilitated a significant enhancement of NO production in the dysfunctional cells. The recovery of NO production was further exploited to inhibit clot formation in blood plasma located in the cell suspension. This demonstrated a proof-of-concept design of artificial organelles in dysfunctional cells for cell repair and anticoagulation-related medical applications. Our results demonstrate an approach for the construction of coacervate droplets through phase separation for the generation of artificial membraneless organelles, which can be designed to provide an array of functionalities in living organisms that have the potential to be used in the field of cell engineering and medical therapy.
