The solution of a 3-D rectangular permeable crack in a piezoelectric/piezomagnetic composite material was investigated by using the generalized Almansi＇s theorem and the Schmidt method.The problem was formulated thro...The solution of a 3-D rectangular permeable crack in a piezoelectric/piezomagnetic composite material was investigated by using the generalized Almansi＇s theorem and the Schmidt method.The problem was formulated through Fourier transform into three pairs of dual integral equations,in which the unknown variables are the displacement jumps across the crack surfaces.To solve the dual integral equations,the displacement jumps across the crack surfaces were directly expanded as a series of Jacobi polynomials.Finally,the relations between the electric filed,the magnetic flux field and the stress field near the crack edges were obtained and the effects of the shape of the rectangular crack on the stress,the electric displacement and magnetic flux intensity factors in a piezoelectric/piezomagnetic composite material were analyzed.展开更多
Furniture is identified as a vital volatile organic compound(VOC)emission source in the indoor environment.Leather has become the most common raw and auxiliary fabric material for upholstered furniture,particularly wi...Furniture is identified as a vital volatile organic compound(VOC)emission source in the indoor environment.Leather has become the most common raw and auxiliary fabric material for upholstered furniture,particularly with extensive consumption in sofas,due to its abundant resources and efficient functions.Despite being widely traded across the world,little research has been conducted on the VOCs released by leathermaterials and their health risk assessment in the indoor environment.Accordingly,this study investigated the VOC emissions of leather with different grades and the health risk of the inhalation exposure.Based on the ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose(EN)and GC-FID/Qtof,the substantial emissions of aliphatic aldehyde ketones(Aks),particularly hexanal,appear to be the cause of off-flavor in medium and low grade(MG and LG)sofa leathers.The health risk assessment indicated that leather materials barely pose non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects to residents.Given the abundance of VOC sources and the accumulation of health risks in the indoor environment,more stringent specifications concerning qualitative and quantitative content should be extended to provide VOC treatment basic for the manufacturing industry and obtain better indoor air quality.展开更多
In order to study themechanical properties of Z-pins reinforced laminated composite single-lap adhesively bonded joint under un-directional static tensile load,damage failure analysis of the joint was carried out byme...In order to study themechanical properties of Z-pins reinforced laminated composite single-lap adhesively bonded joint under un-directional static tensile load,damage failure analysis of the joint was carried out bymeans of test and numerical simulation.The failure mode and mechanism of the joint were analyzed by tensile failure experiments.According to the experimental results,the joint exhibits mixed failure,and the ultimate failure is Z-pins pulling out of the adherend.In order to study the failure mechanism of the joint,the finite element method is used to predict the failure strength.The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental results,and the error is 6.0%,which proves the validity of the numerical model.Through progressive damage failure analysis,it is found that matrix tensile failure of laminate at the edge of Z-pins occurs first,then adhesive layer failure-proceeds at the edge of Z-pins,and finally matrix-fiber shear failure of the laminate takes place.With the increase of load,the matrix-fiber shear failure expands gradually in the X direction,and at the same time,the matrix tensile failure at the hole edge gradually extends in different directions,which is consistent with the experimental results.展开更多
Nonylphenol(NP)residues,as a typical endocrine disrupting chemical(EDC),frequently exist in sewage,surface water,groundwater and even drinking water,which poses a serious threat to human health due to its bioaccumulat...Nonylphenol(NP)residues,as a typical endocrine disrupting chemical(EDC),frequently exist in sewage,surface water,groundwater and even drinking water,which poses a serious threat to human health due to its bioaccumulation.In order to remove NP,a series of MIL-100(Fe)/Zn Fe_(2)O_(4)/flake-like porous carbon nitride(MIL/ZC)was synthesized through in-situ synthesis at room temperature.High performance of ternary MIL/ZC is used to degrade NP under visible light irradiation.The results show that 30MIL/ZC2(20 wt.%Zn Fe_(2)O_(4))ternary composite had the best photocatalytic activity(99.84%)when the dosage was 30 mg.Further mechanism analysis shows that the excellent photocatalytic activity of 30MIL/ZC2could be ascribed to the double charge transfer process between flake-like porous carbon nitride(PCN)and other catalysts in the ternary heterojunction,and the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs was more effective.In addition,the 30MIL/ZC2 also showed high stability after five cycles of the photodegradation reaction.Furthermore,the active substance(·O_(2)^(-))was considered to be the main active substance in the NP degradation process.Based on the research results,the possible photocatalytic reaction mechanism of 30MIL/ZC2ternary composite was proposed and discussed in detail.展开更多
Background Lychee seeds were fermented by three kinds of bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum,Saccharomyces cer-evillus and ganoderma lucidum mycelium),and two effective strains were selected by two indexes of activity co...Background Lychee seeds were fermented by three kinds of bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum,Saccharomyces cer-evillus and ganoderma lucidum mycelium),and two effective strains were selected by two indexes of activity content and antioxidant,so as to further verify whether lychee seeds have waste multiplication effect and can protect cells damaged by oxidation from anti-inflammatory,anti-aging and safety.Results The contents of polyphenols,flavonoids and proteins in the solution fermented by Ganoderma lucidum mycelium did not increase,thus affecting the antioxidant capacity of the solution was far less than that of the water extract.The active content of the other two fermentation solutions was higher than that of the water extract,and the ability of scavenging free radicals of the two solutions increased with the increase of the volume fraction.At the cellular level,the two fermentation solutions showed repair effects on UVA-induced damaged cells.The contents of type I collagen(COL-1),total antioxidant capacity and ELN were increased,the contents of reactive oxygen species and MDA were decreased,and the expressions of inflammatory factors IL-6,TNF-a,iNOS and COX-2 were decreased in HaCaT cells.From the gene level,the mRNA contents of IL-6,TNF-a,Caspase-3,Caspase-9,Bax and Bcl were significantly decreased.The test of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane(HTET CAM)showed that there was no bleeding and litchi seed fermentation liquid was not irritating.Conclusions Therefore,two kinds of litchi seed fermentation can be used as natural plant raw materials for cosmetics,and have strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-aging functions on skin,and also have good human safety.展开更多
The early development of the endosperm is crucial for balancing the allocation of maternal nutrients to offspring.This process is believed to be evolutionarily associated with genomic imprinting,resulting in parentall...The early development of the endosperm is crucial for balancing the allocation of maternal nutrients to offspring.This process is believed to be evolutionarily associated with genomic imprinting,resulting in parentally biased allelic gene expression.Beyond Fertilization Independent Seed(FIS)genes,the number of imprinted genes involved in early endosperm development and seed size determination remains limited.This study introduces early endosperm-expressed HAIKU(IKU)downstream Candidate F-box 1(ICF1)and ICF2 as maternally expressed imprinted genes(MEGs)in Arabidopsis thaliana.Although these genes are also demethylated by DEMETER(DME)in the central cell,their activation differs from the direct DME-mediated activation seen in classical MEGs such as the FIS genes.Instead,ICF maternal alleles carry pre-established hypomethylation in their promoters,priming them for activation by the WRKY10 transcription factor in the endosperm.On the contrary,paternal alleles are predominantly suppressed by CG methylation.Furthermore,we find that ICF genes partially contribute to the small seed size observed in iku mutants.Our discovery reveals a two-step regulatory mechanism that highlights the important role of conventional transcription factors in the activation of imprinted genes,which was previously not fully recognized.Therefore,the mechanism provides a new dimension to understand the transcriptional regulation of imprinting in plant reproduction and development.展开更多
To the Editor:Patients with severe persistent asthma experience greater morbidity with more impairment in quality of life despite higher use of health care resources and being treated with existing asthma treatments s...To the Editor:Patients with severe persistent asthma experience greater morbidity with more impairment in quality of life despite higher use of health care resources and being treated with existing asthma treatments such as inhaled corticosteroids and b-agonists,and sometimes oral corticosteroid(OCS)therapy.Type-2(T2)high asthma has been identified as a phenotype that responds to targeted T2 biologic therapies such as anti-IgE,anti-interleukin(IL)5,or anti-IL5Ra and anti-IL4Ra monoclonal antibodies,which are currently available in Europe and North America,and are currently introduced in the rest of the world.[1]展开更多
Mismanagement of various wastes especially waste water produced by tanning processes has caused serious environmental problems and ultimately impaired human health.Constant efforts have been making to alleviate the po...Mismanagement of various wastes especially waste water produced by tanning processes has caused serious environmental problems and ultimately impaired human health.Constant efforts have been making to alleviate the pollution of tannery wastewater(TWW),yet terminal treatment still takes dominance.In this review,research on TWW treatment from 2000 to 2021 was summarized,and main methods such as coagulation and flocculation,adsorption,biological treatment,membrane filtration,advanced oxidation process were briefly discussed.More detailed introduc-tion was given to the method of electrochemical treatment since it has excellent performance such as environmental friendliness and high efficiency,hence attracting more and more research attention in recent years.In view of the harsh physi-chemical conditions of TWW,integrated or combined treatment methods are accordingly recommended with better performance and multi-function,however comprehensive studies on optimization of methods combina-tion and cost-effectiveness are needed.The certain issues that the residue Cr in treatment sludge and high salinity in effluent still remain were put forward in this work and potential solutions were provided.Moreover,this review pro-posed the perspective that realizing multi-function,recycling,and intensification should be the developing direction for future TWW treatment.This review is expected to provide a general guide for researchers who aspire to ameliorate TWW pollution problems and understand various methods utilized in this field.展开更多
Automated counting of grape berries has become one of the most important tasks in grape yield prediction.However,dense distribution of berries and the severe occlusion between berries bring great challenges to countin...Automated counting of grape berries has become one of the most important tasks in grape yield prediction.However,dense distribution of berries and the severe occlusion between berries bring great challenges to counting algorithm based on deep learning.The collection of data required for model training is also a tedious and expensive work.To address these issues and cost-effectively count grape berries,a semi-supervised counting of grape berries in the field based on density mutual exclusion(CDMENet)is proposed.The algorithm uses VGG16 as the backbone to extract image features.Auxiliary tasks based on density mutual exclusion are introduced.The tasks exploit the spatial distribution pattern of grape berries in density levels to make full use of unlabeled data.In addition,a density difference loss is designed.The feature representation is enhanced by amplifying the difference of features between different density levels.The experimental results on the field grape berry dataset show that CDMENet achieves less counting errors.Compared with the state of the arts,coefficient of determination(R^(2))is improved by 6.10%,and mean absolute error and root mean square error are reduced by 49.36%and 54.08%,respectively.The code is available at.展开更多
Mismanagement of various wastes especially waste water produced by tanning processes has caused serious environmental problems and ultimately impaired human health.Constant efforts have been making to alleviate the po...Mismanagement of various wastes especially waste water produced by tanning processes has caused serious environmental problems and ultimately impaired human health.Constant efforts have been making to alleviate the pollution of tannery wastewater(TWW),yet terminal treatment still takes dominance.In this review,research onTWW treatment from 2000 to 2021 was summarized,and main methods such as coagulation and flocculation,adsorption,biological treatment,membrane filtration,advanced oxidation process were briefly discussed.More detailed introduction was given to the method of electrochemical treatment since it has excellent performance such as environmental friendliness and high efficiency,hence attracting more and more research attention in recent years.In view of the harsh physi-chemical conditions of TWW,integrated or combined treatment methods are accordingly recommended with better performance and multi-function,however comprehensive studies on optimization of methods combination and cost-effectiveness are needed.The certain issues that the residue Cr in treatment sludge and high salinity in effluent still remain were put forward in this work and potential solutions were provided.Moreover,this review proposed the perspective that realizing multi-function,recycling,and intensification should be the developing direction for future TWW treatment.This review is expected to provide a general guide for researchers who aspire to ameliorate TWW pollution problems and understand various methods utilized in this field.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11272105 and 11222216)the NaturalScience Foundation with Excellent Young Investigators of Heilongjiang Province(No.JC04-08)+1 种基金the Research Fund for theDoctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20092302110006)the Natural Science Foundation of HeilongjiangProvince(No.A2007-05)
文摘The solution of a 3-D rectangular permeable crack in a piezoelectric/piezomagnetic composite material was investigated by using the generalized Almansi＇s theorem and the Schmidt method.The problem was formulated through Fourier transform into three pairs of dual integral equations,in which the unknown variables are the displacement jumps across the crack surfaces.To solve the dual integral equations,the displacement jumps across the crack surfaces were directly expanded as a series of Jacobi polynomials.Finally,the relations between the electric filed,the magnetic flux field and the stress field near the crack edges were obtained and the effects of the shape of the rectangular crack on the stress,the electric displacement and magnetic flux intensity factors in a piezoelectric/piezomagnetic composite material were analyzed.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2019YFC1904501).
文摘Furniture is identified as a vital volatile organic compound(VOC)emission source in the indoor environment.Leather has become the most common raw and auxiliary fabric material for upholstered furniture,particularly with extensive consumption in sofas,due to its abundant resources and efficient functions.Despite being widely traded across the world,little research has been conducted on the VOCs released by leathermaterials and their health risk assessment in the indoor environment.Accordingly,this study investigated the VOC emissions of leather with different grades and the health risk of the inhalation exposure.Based on the ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose(EN)and GC-FID/Qtof,the substantial emissions of aliphatic aldehyde ketones(Aks),particularly hexanal,appear to be the cause of off-flavor in medium and low grade(MG and LG)sofa leathers.The health risk assessment indicated that leather materials barely pose non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects to residents.Given the abundance of VOC sources and the accumulation of health risks in the indoor environment,more stringent specifications concerning qualitative and quantitative content should be extended to provide VOC treatment basic for the manufacturing industry and obtain better indoor air quality.
基金supported by Natural Science Talents Program of Lingnan Normal University(No.ZL2021011).
文摘In order to study themechanical properties of Z-pins reinforced laminated composite single-lap adhesively bonded joint under un-directional static tensile load,damage failure analysis of the joint was carried out bymeans of test and numerical simulation.The failure mode and mechanism of the joint were analyzed by tensile failure experiments.According to the experimental results,the joint exhibits mixed failure,and the ultimate failure is Z-pins pulling out of the adherend.In order to study the failure mechanism of the joint,the finite element method is used to predict the failure strength.The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental results,and the error is 6.0%,which proves the validity of the numerical model.Through progressive damage failure analysis,it is found that matrix tensile failure of laminate at the edge of Z-pins occurs first,then adhesive layer failure-proceeds at the edge of Z-pins,and finally matrix-fiber shear failure of the laminate takes place.With the increase of load,the matrix-fiber shear failure expands gradually in the X direction,and at the same time,the matrix tensile failure at the hole edge gradually extends in different directions,which is consistent with the experimental results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21477050)the International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Changzhou(No.CZ20140017)+2 种基金Postgraduate Research Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province(Nos.KYCX20_2561,KYCX20_2598)the Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds(No.2019K112)the Jiangsu Province subsidizes the recruitment of postdoctoral personnel(No.2019Z143)。
文摘Nonylphenol(NP)residues,as a typical endocrine disrupting chemical(EDC),frequently exist in sewage,surface water,groundwater and even drinking water,which poses a serious threat to human health due to its bioaccumulation.In order to remove NP,a series of MIL-100(Fe)/Zn Fe_(2)O_(4)/flake-like porous carbon nitride(MIL/ZC)was synthesized through in-situ synthesis at room temperature.High performance of ternary MIL/ZC is used to degrade NP under visible light irradiation.The results show that 30MIL/ZC2(20 wt.%Zn Fe_(2)O_(4))ternary composite had the best photocatalytic activity(99.84%)when the dosage was 30 mg.Further mechanism analysis shows that the excellent photocatalytic activity of 30MIL/ZC2could be ascribed to the double charge transfer process between flake-like porous carbon nitride(PCN)and other catalysts in the ternary heterojunction,and the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs was more effective.In addition,the 30MIL/ZC2 also showed high stability after five cycles of the photodegradation reaction.Furthermore,the active substance(·O_(2)^(-))was considered to be the main active substance in the NP degradation process.Based on the research results,the possible photocatalytic reaction mechanism of 30MIL/ZC2ternary composite was proposed and discussed in detail.
文摘Background Lychee seeds were fermented by three kinds of bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum,Saccharomyces cer-evillus and ganoderma lucidum mycelium),and two effective strains were selected by two indexes of activity content and antioxidant,so as to further verify whether lychee seeds have waste multiplication effect and can protect cells damaged by oxidation from anti-inflammatory,anti-aging and safety.Results The contents of polyphenols,flavonoids and proteins in the solution fermented by Ganoderma lucidum mycelium did not increase,thus affecting the antioxidant capacity of the solution was far less than that of the water extract.The active content of the other two fermentation solutions was higher than that of the water extract,and the ability of scavenging free radicals of the two solutions increased with the increase of the volume fraction.At the cellular level,the two fermentation solutions showed repair effects on UVA-induced damaged cells.The contents of type I collagen(COL-1),total antioxidant capacity and ELN were increased,the contents of reactive oxygen species and MDA were decreased,and the expressions of inflammatory factors IL-6,TNF-a,iNOS and COX-2 were decreased in HaCaT cells.From the gene level,the mRNA contents of IL-6,TNF-a,Caspase-3,Caspase-9,Bax and Bcl were significantly decreased.The test of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane(HTET CAM)showed that there was no bleeding and litchi seed fermentation liquid was not irritating.Conclusions Therefore,two kinds of litchi seed fermentation can be used as natural plant raw materials for cosmetics,and have strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-aging functions on skin,and also have good human safety.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31570322)。
文摘The early development of the endosperm is crucial for balancing the allocation of maternal nutrients to offspring.This process is believed to be evolutionarily associated with genomic imprinting,resulting in parentally biased allelic gene expression.Beyond Fertilization Independent Seed(FIS)genes,the number of imprinted genes involved in early endosperm development and seed size determination remains limited.This study introduces early endosperm-expressed HAIKU(IKU)downstream Candidate F-box 1(ICF1)and ICF2 as maternally expressed imprinted genes(MEGs)in Arabidopsis thaliana.Although these genes are also demethylated by DEMETER(DME)in the central cell,their activation differs from the direct DME-mediated activation seen in classical MEGs such as the FIS genes.Instead,ICF maternal alleles carry pre-established hypomethylation in their promoters,priming them for activation by the WRKY10 transcription factor in the endosperm.On the contrary,paternal alleles are predominantly suppressed by CG methylation.Furthermore,we find that ICF genes partially contribute to the small seed size observed in iku mutants.Our discovery reveals a two-step regulatory mechanism that highlights the important role of conventional transcription factors in the activation of imprinted genes,which was previously not fully recognized.Therefore,the mechanism provides a new dimension to understand the transcriptional regulation of imprinting in plant reproduction and development.
基金supported by grants from AstraZeneca,China,and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070026).
文摘To the Editor:Patients with severe persistent asthma experience greater morbidity with more impairment in quality of life despite higher use of health care resources and being treated with existing asthma treatments such as inhaled corticosteroids and b-agonists,and sometimes oral corticosteroid(OCS)therapy.Type-2(T2)high asthma has been identified as a phenotype that responds to targeted T2 biologic therapies such as anti-IgE,anti-interleukin(IL)5,or anti-IL5Ra and anti-IL4Ra monoclonal antibodies,which are currently available in Europe and North America,and are currently introduced in the rest of the world.[1]
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51878422,42177060)Science&Technology Bureau of Chengdu(2017-GH02-00010-HZ)Innovation Spark Project in Sichuan University(2082604401254).
文摘Mismanagement of various wastes especially waste water produced by tanning processes has caused serious environmental problems and ultimately impaired human health.Constant efforts have been making to alleviate the pollution of tannery wastewater(TWW),yet terminal treatment still takes dominance.In this review,research on TWW treatment from 2000 to 2021 was summarized,and main methods such as coagulation and flocculation,adsorption,biological treatment,membrane filtration,advanced oxidation process were briefly discussed.More detailed introduc-tion was given to the method of electrochemical treatment since it has excellent performance such as environmental friendliness and high efficiency,hence attracting more and more research attention in recent years.In view of the harsh physi-chemical conditions of TWW,integrated or combined treatment methods are accordingly recommended with better performance and multi-function,however comprehensive studies on optimization of methods combina-tion and cost-effectiveness are needed.The certain issues that the residue Cr in treatment sludge and high salinity in effluent still remain were put forward in this work and potential solutions were provided.Moreover,this review pro-posed the perspective that realizing multi-function,recycling,and intensification should be the developing direction for future TWW treatment.This review is expected to provide a general guide for researchers who aspire to ameliorate TWW pollution problems and understand various methods utilized in this field.
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61906139in part by Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Shuguang Project under Grant 2022010801020359+1 种基金in part by the Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robot(Wuhan Institute of Technology)of China under Grant HBIRL 202108in part by Graduate Innovative Fund of Wuhan Institute of Technology under Grant CX2022336.
文摘Automated counting of grape berries has become one of the most important tasks in grape yield prediction.However,dense distribution of berries and the severe occlusion between berries bring great challenges to counting algorithm based on deep learning.The collection of data required for model training is also a tedious and expensive work.To address these issues and cost-effectively count grape berries,a semi-supervised counting of grape berries in the field based on density mutual exclusion(CDMENet)is proposed.The algorithm uses VGG16 as the backbone to extract image features.Auxiliary tasks based on density mutual exclusion are introduced.The tasks exploit the spatial distribution pattern of grape berries in density levels to make full use of unlabeled data.In addition,a density difference loss is designed.The feature representation is enhanced by amplifying the difference of features between different density levels.The experimental results on the field grape berry dataset show that CDMENet achieves less counting errors.Compared with the state of the arts,coefficient of determination(R^(2))is improved by 6.10%,and mean absolute error and root mean square error are reduced by 49.36%and 54.08%,respectively.The code is available at.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51878422,42177060)Science&Technology Bureau of Chengdu(2017-GH02-00010-HZ)Innovation Spark Project in Sichuan University(2082604401254).
文摘Mismanagement of various wastes especially waste water produced by tanning processes has caused serious environmental problems and ultimately impaired human health.Constant efforts have been making to alleviate the pollution of tannery wastewater(TWW),yet terminal treatment still takes dominance.In this review,research onTWW treatment from 2000 to 2021 was summarized,and main methods such as coagulation and flocculation,adsorption,biological treatment,membrane filtration,advanced oxidation process were briefly discussed.More detailed introduction was given to the method of electrochemical treatment since it has excellent performance such as environmental friendliness and high efficiency,hence attracting more and more research attention in recent years.In view of the harsh physi-chemical conditions of TWW,integrated or combined treatment methods are accordingly recommended with better performance and multi-function,however comprehensive studies on optimization of methods combination and cost-effectiveness are needed.The certain issues that the residue Cr in treatment sludge and high salinity in effluent still remain were put forward in this work and potential solutions were provided.Moreover,this review proposed the perspective that realizing multi-function,recycling,and intensification should be the developing direction for future TWW treatment.This review is expected to provide a general guide for researchers who aspire to ameliorate TWW pollution problems and understand various methods utilized in this field.
