Solar interfacial evaporation(SIE),is currently one of the most potential water supply technologies in the remote,insular,and disaster-stricken areas.However,the existence of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in water d...Solar interfacial evaporation(SIE),is currently one of the most potential water supply technologies in the remote,insular,and disaster-stricken areas.However,the existence of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in water deteriorates the distillate quality,threatening human health.Herein,we constructed a carbonbased bimetallic(C/FeCo)photothermal membrane by electrospinning technique.Results illustrated that the membrane can catalytically degrade VOCs during SIE with persulfate(PDS)mediation.PDS,as well as phenol,was mainly reacted on the interface of the photothermal membrane instead of in the bulk solution.The interception efficiency of phenol achieved nearly 100%using the C/FeCo membrane during SIE.Hydroxyl radical(•OH),sulfate radical(SO_(4)•−),superoxide radical(O_(2)•−),and singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))were identified as the main active substances to degrade VOCs.We also conducted SIE experiments using actual river water to evaluate the practical performance of the C/FeCo membrane.This work holds the promise of VOCs interception during SIE and enlarges the application of solar distillation in water/wastewater treatment.展开更多
Objective:To uncover the underlying mechanisms of action of the Yinlai decoction on high-calorie dietinduced pneumonia through proteomics analysis.Methods:Based on the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database,lung tissue ...Objective:To uncover the underlying mechanisms of action of the Yinlai decoction on high-calorie dietinduced pneumonia through proteomics analysis.Methods:Based on the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database,lung tissue samples from normal and high-fat diet(HFD)fed mice in the GSE16377 dataset were selected as test cohorts to identify differentially expressed genes and conduct bioinformatics analyses.In the animal experiments,mice were randomly divided into the control(N),high-calorie diet pneumonia(M),and Yinlai decoction treatment(Y)groups.Mice in the M group received high-calorie feed and a 0.5 mg/mL lipopolysaccharide solution spray for 30 min for 3 d.The mice in the Y group were intragastrically administered 2 mL/10 g Yinlai decoction twice daily for 3 d.Pathological evaluation of the lung tissue was performed.Differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)in the lung tissue were identified using quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses.The drug-target relationships between Yinlai decoction and core DEPs in the lung tissue were verified using AutoDock Vina and Molecular Graphics Laboratory(MGL)Tools.DEPs were verified by western blot.Results:GEO data mining showed that an HFD altered oxidative phosphorylation in mouse lung tissue.The Yinlai decoction alleviated pathological damage to lung tissue and pneumonia in mice that were fed a high-calorie diet.A total of 47 DEPs were identified between the Y and M groups.Enrichment analysis revealed their association with energy metabolism pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle(TCA)and oxidative phosphorylation.The protein-protein interaction network revealed that Atp5a1,Pdha1,and Sdha were the target proteins mediating the therapeutic effects of Yinlai decoction.Molecular docking results suggested that the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of Yinlai decoction involves the binding of brassinolide,praeruptorin B,chrysoeriol,and other components in Yinlai decoction to Atp5a1.Conclusion:The Yinlai decoction alleviated lung tissue damage and pneumonia in mice that were fed a high-calorie diet by regulating the TCA and oxidative phosphorylation.Our study highlights the importance of a healthy diet for patients with pneumonia and provides a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of pneumonia through dietary adjustments.展开更多
Objective:To search for specific metabolites in the lungs of pneumonia rats fed with a high-calorie diet,as well as explore the changes in the lung metabolites of young rats treated with Yinlai Decoction(YD)and its ef...Objective:To search for specific metabolites in the lungs of pneumonia rats fed with a high-calorie diet,as well as explore the changes in the lung metabolites of young rats treated with Yinlai Decoction(YD)and its effects on inflammation-related metabolic pathways.Methods:Lipopolysaccharides(LPS)and a special high-calorie diet were used to induce Sprague Dawley(SD)rats to simulate the intestinal state of infant pneumonia.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology(LC-MS/MS)was used to detect metabolites in each group.Supervised orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)model values were used for the detection results to find the differential metabolites.The metabolic pathways that are involved with the differential metabolites were clarified through enrichment analysis and topological analysis.Finally,the T cell receptor signaling pathway(TCR)signal conversion was analyzed by the network pharmacology method.Results:In the high-calorie diet combined with pneumonia group(M3),a total of 55 metabolites were determined to be different from the normal group(N).A total of 36 metabolites were determined to be different from those in the lung metabolites of the YD treatment group(T1).YD had a regulatory effect on glutathione metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,ascorbic acid and aldehyde metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism.And the small molecule metabolites could act on the FYN and lymphocytespecific protein tyrosine kinase(LCK)target proteins in the TCR signaling pathway,thereby affecting the immune function of the lungs.Conclusion:A high-calorie diet can cause abnormal sphingolipid metabolism in the lungs of young rats,thereby creating chronic lung inflammation in young rats.YD has a beneficial effect when used to treat young rats with LPS-induced pneumonia fed on high-calorie diets.Its mechanisms of action may affect the body’s immune pathways by regulating the oxidative stress pathway affected by glutathione metabolism.展开更多
In higher education,the initial studying period of each course plays a crucial role for students,and seriously influences the subsequent learning activities.However,given the large size of a course’s students at univ...In higher education,the initial studying period of each course plays a crucial role for students,and seriously influences the subsequent learning activities.However,given the large size of a course’s students at universities,it has become impossible for teachers to keep track of the performance of individual students.In this circumstance,an academic early warning system is desirable,which automatically detects students with difficulties in learning(i.e.,at-risk students)prior to a course starting.However,previous studies are not well suited to this purpose for two reasons:1)they have mainly concentrated on e-learning platforms,e.g.,massive open online courses(MOOCs),and relied on the data about students’online activities,which is hardly accessed in traditional teaching scenarios;and 2)they have only made performance prediction when a course is in progress or even close to the end.In this paper,for traditional classroom-teaching scenarios,we investigate the task of pre-course student performance prediction,which refers to detecting at-risk students for each course before its commencement.To better represent a student sample and utilize the correlations among courses,we cast the problem as a multi-instance multi-label(MIML)problem.Besides,given the problem of data scarcity,we propose a novel multi-task learning method,i.e.,MIML-Circle,to predict the performance of students from different specialties in a unified framework.Extensive experiments are conducted on five real-world datasets,and the results demonstrate the superiority of our approach over the state-of-the-art methods.展开更多
COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCo V-2)has spread across the globe,posing an enormous threat to public health and safety.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),in combination...COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCo V-2)has spread across the globe,posing an enormous threat to public health and safety.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),in combination with Western medicine(WM),has made important and lasting contributions in the battle against COVID-19.In this review,updated clinical effects and potential mechanisms of TCM,presented in newly recognized three distinct phases of the disease,are summarized and discussed.By integrating the available clinical and preclinical evidence,the efficacies and underlying mechanisms of TCM on COVID-19,including the highly recommended three Chinese patent medicines and three Chinese medicine formulas,are described in a panorama.We hope that this comprehensive review not only provides a reference for health care professionals and the public to recognize the significant contributions of TCM for COVID-19,but also serves as an evidence-based in-depth summary and analysis to facilitate understanding the true scientific value of TCM.展开更多
Exploring facile and easily-scalable methods for synthesizing earth-abundant, cost-effective and efficient hy- drogen evolution reaction （HER） electrocatalysts is essential for the mass production of hydrogen as a c...Exploring facile and easily-scalable methods for synthesizing earth-abundant, cost-effective and efficient hy- drogen evolution reaction （HER） electrocatalysts is essential for the mass production of hydrogen as a clean and sustainable energy carrier. We report here a simple strategy to produce Mo2C nanocrystals embedded in carbon network （Mo2C@C） by the direct pyrolysis of ammonium molybdate and polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）. It is found that PVP can be effectively used as a single source to form carbides and carbon network. The long polymer chain and coordinating capability with transition metal of PVP make it possible to form connected porous carbon network and well-dispersed MozC nanocrystals in several nanometers. The carbonization of PVP not only effectively in-situ prevents the aggregation of Mo2C nanocrystals during their formation, but also provides conductive porous matrix. As a result, the Mo2C@C composite exhibits the superior electrocatalytic performance for HER, which can be as- cribed to the large number of active sites from plenty of small MORC nanocrystals and the efficient mass and elec- tron transport network from carbon matrix. This strategy may inspire the exploration of cost-effective functional polymer as single source for both carbon precursor and nanostructure-directed reagent to mass-produce well-defined metal carbides nanostructures embedded in porous carbon network for energy applications.展开更多
Radiotherapy remains the mainstay for treatment of various types of human cancer;however,the clinical efficacy is often limited by radioresistance,in which the underlying mechanism is largely unknown.Here,using esopha...Radiotherapy remains the mainstay for treatment of various types of human cancer;however,the clinical efficacy is often limited by radioresistance,in which the underlying mechanism is largely unknown.Here,using esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)as a model,we demonstrate that guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2(VAV2),which is overexpressed in most human cancers,plays an important role in primary and secondary radioresistance.We have discovered for the first time that VAV2 is required for the Ku70/Ku80 complex formation and participates in non-homologous end joining repair of DNA damages caused by ionizing radiation.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52070052)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52300082)+3 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3805903)the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment in HIT of China(No.2022TS14)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M730881)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZB20230964)。
文摘Solar interfacial evaporation(SIE),is currently one of the most potential water supply technologies in the remote,insular,and disaster-stricken areas.However,the existence of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in water deteriorates the distillate quality,threatening human health.Herein,we constructed a carbonbased bimetallic(C/FeCo)photothermal membrane by electrospinning technique.Results illustrated that the membrane can catalytically degrade VOCs during SIE with persulfate(PDS)mediation.PDS,as well as phenol,was mainly reacted on the interface of the photothermal membrane instead of in the bulk solution.The interception efficiency of phenol achieved nearly 100%using the C/FeCo membrane during SIE.Hydroxyl radical(•OH),sulfate radical(SO_(4)•−),superoxide radical(O_(2)•−),and singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))were identified as the main active substances to degrade VOCs.We also conducted SIE experiments using actual river water to evaluate the practical performance of the C/FeCo membrane.This work holds the promise of VOCs interception during SIE and enlarges the application of solar distillation in water/wastewater treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81874421)the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-C-202006).
文摘Objective:To uncover the underlying mechanisms of action of the Yinlai decoction on high-calorie dietinduced pneumonia through proteomics analysis.Methods:Based on the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database,lung tissue samples from normal and high-fat diet(HFD)fed mice in the GSE16377 dataset were selected as test cohorts to identify differentially expressed genes and conduct bioinformatics analyses.In the animal experiments,mice were randomly divided into the control(N),high-calorie diet pneumonia(M),and Yinlai decoction treatment(Y)groups.Mice in the M group received high-calorie feed and a 0.5 mg/mL lipopolysaccharide solution spray for 30 min for 3 d.The mice in the Y group were intragastrically administered 2 mL/10 g Yinlai decoction twice daily for 3 d.Pathological evaluation of the lung tissue was performed.Differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)in the lung tissue were identified using quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses.The drug-target relationships between Yinlai decoction and core DEPs in the lung tissue were verified using AutoDock Vina and Molecular Graphics Laboratory(MGL)Tools.DEPs were verified by western blot.Results:GEO data mining showed that an HFD altered oxidative phosphorylation in mouse lung tissue.The Yinlai decoction alleviated pathological damage to lung tissue and pneumonia in mice that were fed a high-calorie diet.A total of 47 DEPs were identified between the Y and M groups.Enrichment analysis revealed their association with energy metabolism pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle(TCA)and oxidative phosphorylation.The protein-protein interaction network revealed that Atp5a1,Pdha1,and Sdha were the target proteins mediating the therapeutic effects of Yinlai decoction.Molecular docking results suggested that the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of Yinlai decoction involves the binding of brassinolide,praeruptorin B,chrysoeriol,and other components in Yinlai decoction to Atp5a1.Conclusion:The Yinlai decoction alleviated lung tissue damage and pneumonia in mice that were fed a high-calorie diet by regulating the TCA and oxidative phosphorylation.Our study highlights the importance of a healthy diet for patients with pneumonia and provides a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of pneumonia through dietary adjustments.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(8187150612).
文摘Objective:To search for specific metabolites in the lungs of pneumonia rats fed with a high-calorie diet,as well as explore the changes in the lung metabolites of young rats treated with Yinlai Decoction(YD)and its effects on inflammation-related metabolic pathways.Methods:Lipopolysaccharides(LPS)and a special high-calorie diet were used to induce Sprague Dawley(SD)rats to simulate the intestinal state of infant pneumonia.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology(LC-MS/MS)was used to detect metabolites in each group.Supervised orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)model values were used for the detection results to find the differential metabolites.The metabolic pathways that are involved with the differential metabolites were clarified through enrichment analysis and topological analysis.Finally,the T cell receptor signaling pathway(TCR)signal conversion was analyzed by the network pharmacology method.Results:In the high-calorie diet combined with pneumonia group(M3),a total of 55 metabolites were determined to be different from the normal group(N).A total of 36 metabolites were determined to be different from those in the lung metabolites of the YD treatment group(T1).YD had a regulatory effect on glutathione metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,ascorbic acid and aldehyde metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism.And the small molecule metabolites could act on the FYN and lymphocytespecific protein tyrosine kinase(LCK)target proteins in the TCR signaling pathway,thereby affecting the immune function of the lungs.Conclusion:A high-calorie diet can cause abnormal sphingolipid metabolism in the lungs of young rats,thereby creating chronic lung inflammation in young rats.YD has a beneficial effect when used to treat young rats with LPS-induced pneumonia fed on high-calorie diets.Its mechanisms of action may affect the body’s immune pathways by regulating the oxidative stress pathway affected by glutathione metabolism.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61701281,61573219,and 61876098)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2016FM34 andZR2017QF009)+1 种基金Shandong Science and Technology Development Plan(J18KA375),Shandong Social Science Project(18BJYJ04)the Foster-ing Project of Dominant Discipline and Talent Team of Shandong ProvinceHigher Education Institutions.
文摘In higher education,the initial studying period of each course plays a crucial role for students,and seriously influences the subsequent learning activities.However,given the large size of a course’s students at universities,it has become impossible for teachers to keep track of the performance of individual students.In this circumstance,an academic early warning system is desirable,which automatically detects students with difficulties in learning(i.e.,at-risk students)prior to a course starting.However,previous studies are not well suited to this purpose for two reasons:1)they have mainly concentrated on e-learning platforms,e.g.,massive open online courses(MOOCs),and relied on the data about students’online activities,which is hardly accessed in traditional teaching scenarios;and 2)they have only made performance prediction when a course is in progress or even close to the end.In this paper,for traditional classroom-teaching scenarios,we investigate the task of pre-course student performance prediction,which refers to detecting at-risk students for each course before its commencement.To better represent a student sample and utilize the correlations among courses,we cast the problem as a multi-instance multi-label(MIML)problem.Besides,given the problem of data scarcity,we propose a novel multi-task learning method,i.e.,MIML-Circle,to predict the performance of students from different specialties in a unified framework.Extensive experiments are conducted on five real-world datasets,and the results demonstrate the superiority of our approach over the state-of-the-art methods.
基金supported by grants from National Science and Technology Emergency Project(Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Control COVID-19,2020yfc0841600,China)National Major Science and Technology Projects of China(2018YFC1704502,2020YFA0708004)+2 种基金National Science Foundation of China(NSFC 82104431)Open project of State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine(CBCM2020201,China)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant(2019M650989)。
文摘COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCo V-2)has spread across the globe,posing an enormous threat to public health and safety.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),in combination with Western medicine(WM),has made important and lasting contributions in the battle against COVID-19.In this review,updated clinical effects and potential mechanisms of TCM,presented in newly recognized three distinct phases of the disease,are summarized and discussed.By integrating the available clinical and preclinical evidence,the efficacies and underlying mechanisms of TCM on COVID-19,including the highly recommended three Chinese patent medicines and three Chinese medicine formulas,are described in a panorama.We hope that this comprehensive review not only provides a reference for health care professionals and the public to recognize the significant contributions of TCM for COVID-19,but also serves as an evidence-based in-depth summary and analysis to facilitate understanding the true scientific value of TCM.
文摘Exploring facile and easily-scalable methods for synthesizing earth-abundant, cost-effective and efficient hy- drogen evolution reaction （HER） electrocatalysts is essential for the mass production of hydrogen as a clean and sustainable energy carrier. We report here a simple strategy to produce Mo2C nanocrystals embedded in carbon network （Mo2C@C） by the direct pyrolysis of ammonium molybdate and polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）. It is found that PVP can be effectively used as a single source to form carbides and carbon network. The long polymer chain and coordinating capability with transition metal of PVP make it possible to form connected porous carbon network and well-dispersed MozC nanocrystals in several nanometers. The carbonization of PVP not only effectively in-situ prevents the aggregation of Mo2C nanocrystals during their formation, but also provides conductive porous matrix. As a result, the Mo2C@C composite exhibits the superior electrocatalytic performance for HER, which can be as- cribed to the large number of active sites from plenty of small MORC nanocrystals and the efficient mass and elec- tron transport network from carbon matrix. This strategy may inspire the exploration of cost-effective functional polymer as single source for both carbon precursor and nanostructure-directed reagent to mass-produce well-defined metal carbides nanostructures embedded in porous carbon network for energy applications.
基金This project was supported by National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(81725015 to C.W.)Medical and Health Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2016-I2M-3-019 to D.L.,2016-I2M-4-002 to C.W.,2019-I2M-2-001 to D.L.and C.W.,2016-I2M-1-001 and 2019-12M-1-003 to W.T.)+1 种基金Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program(BJJWZYJH01201910023027 to C.W.)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81988101 to D.L and C.W.).
文摘Radiotherapy remains the mainstay for treatment of various types of human cancer;however,the clinical efficacy is often limited by radioresistance,in which the underlying mechanism is largely unknown.Here,using esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)as a model,we demonstrate that guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2(VAV2),which is overexpressed in most human cancers,plays an important role in primary and secondary radioresistance.We have discovered for the first time that VAV2 is required for the Ku70/Ku80 complex formation and participates in non-homologous end joining repair of DNA damages caused by ionizing radiation.
