Objective:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the decomposition and removal effects of dextranase-containing toothpaste on dental plaque. Method:In the decomposition test,the supernatant of three times diluted...Objective:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the decomposition and removal effects of dextranase-containing toothpaste on dental plaque. Method:In the decomposition test,the supernatant of three times diluted toothpaste was applied to a dextran solution (as a dental model plaque),and samples were evaluated by colorimetric reaction with Fehling’s test solution. In the removal test,the supernatant of three times diluted toothpaste was applied to a dental model plaque prepared with Streptococcus mutans and the optical density at 550nm (hereinafter referred to as OD_(550)) was measured as the remaining plaque. Results:In the test solution of toothpaste containing dextranase,a red-brown precipitate was observed. On the other hand,a precipitate was not observed in the test solution of the placebo toothpaste which did not contain dextranase. The plaque removal effect of the test toothpaste was 2. 7 times higher than that of the placebo toothpaste. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that the test toothpaste containing dextranase has a higher plaque removal effect by cuttingα-1,6-linkages inside the plaque. Therefore,the test toothpaste might be helpful to prevent dental caries.展开更多
Isofloridoside (IF) is a naturally occurring galactosylglycerol compound with a refreshing sweet taste. It is found in red algae, where it acts as a photosynthetic intermediate. However, the mechanism by which IF elic...Isofloridoside (IF) is a naturally occurring galactosylglycerol compound with a refreshing sweet taste. It is found in red algae, where it acts as a photosynthetic intermediate. However, the mechanism by which IF elicits sweetness has not been determined. In this study, we investigate the interaction between IF and the sweet taste receptor T1R2/T1R3. We show that IF causes an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration and an increase in Erk phosphorylation in T1R2/T1R3-expressing HEK293T cells, indicating that IF interacts with T1R2/T1R3. IF also activates endogenously expressed T1R2/T1R3 in mouse small intestinal endocrine L-cells, and promotes the secretion of the incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). In silico docking simulations of IF and T1R2/T1R3 predict that IF forms hydrogen bonds with Tyr103 in the extracellular Venus flytrap domain of T1R2. This result is consistent with the binding mode of many other sweet-tasting molecules. We found that IF have the potential as a new alternative sweetener.展开更多
文摘Objective:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the decomposition and removal effects of dextranase-containing toothpaste on dental plaque. Method:In the decomposition test,the supernatant of three times diluted toothpaste was applied to a dextran solution (as a dental model plaque),and samples were evaluated by colorimetric reaction with Fehling’s test solution. In the removal test,the supernatant of three times diluted toothpaste was applied to a dental model plaque prepared with Streptococcus mutans and the optical density at 550nm (hereinafter referred to as OD_(550)) was measured as the remaining plaque. Results:In the test solution of toothpaste containing dextranase,a red-brown precipitate was observed. On the other hand,a precipitate was not observed in the test solution of the placebo toothpaste which did not contain dextranase. The plaque removal effect of the test toothpaste was 2. 7 times higher than that of the placebo toothpaste. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that the test toothpaste containing dextranase has a higher plaque removal effect by cuttingα-1,6-linkages inside the plaque. Therefore,the test toothpaste might be helpful to prevent dental caries.
基金supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Reaserch(C)20K05927 from JSPS KAKENHI,Japan.
文摘Isofloridoside (IF) is a naturally occurring galactosylglycerol compound with a refreshing sweet taste. It is found in red algae, where it acts as a photosynthetic intermediate. However, the mechanism by which IF elicits sweetness has not been determined. In this study, we investigate the interaction between IF and the sweet taste receptor T1R2/T1R3. We show that IF causes an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration and an increase in Erk phosphorylation in T1R2/T1R3-expressing HEK293T cells, indicating that IF interacts with T1R2/T1R3. IF also activates endogenously expressed T1R2/T1R3 in mouse small intestinal endocrine L-cells, and promotes the secretion of the incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). In silico docking simulations of IF and T1R2/T1R3 predict that IF forms hydrogen bonds with Tyr103 in the extracellular Venus flytrap domain of T1R2. This result is consistent with the binding mode of many other sweet-tasting molecules. We found that IF have the potential as a new alternative sweetener.
