With the rapid development of different kinds of wearable electronic devices,flexible and high‐capacity power sources have attracted increasing attention.In this study,a facile strategy to fabricate Ni nanoparticles ...With the rapid development of different kinds of wearable electronic devices,flexible and high‐capacity power sources have attracted increasing attention.In this study,a facile strategy to fabricate Ni nanoparticles embedded in N‐doped carbon nanotubes(CNTs)(Ni@NCNTs)homogeneously coated on the surface of carbon fiber with a multistructural component of molybdenum carbide(MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC)was synthesized.There are two forms of MoC in MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC,including the MoC nanoclusters in a size of 2 to 4 nm anchored on Ni@N‐doped CNTs and the MoC nanoparticles as an interface between MoC/Ni@NCNTs and carbon cloth(CC).Multifunctional MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC served as both positive and negative electrode and a heater in flexible supercapacitors and in wearable devices,which exhibited excellent electrochemical and heating performance.Besides,an all‐solid‐state supercapacitor consists of two pieces of MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC that exhibited extraordinary energy storage performance with high‐energy density(78.7μWh/cm2 at the power density of 2.4 mW/cm2)and excellent cycling stability(≈91%capacity retention after 8000 cycles).Furthermore,all‐solid‐state flexible supercapacitors were incorporated with an MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC electrode into self‐heating flexible devices for keeping the human body warm.Thus,MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC is a promising electrode material for flexible and wearable storage systems and heating electronic application.展开更多
The Co@NCNTs/Si pillars with channels is assemble to a suitable pure water gathering device,which is applied in seawater desalination and sewage purification to produce pure water by utilizing solar energy.High-effici...The Co@NCNTs/Si pillars with channels is assemble to a suitable pure water gathering device,which is applied in seawater desalination and sewage purification to produce pure water by utilizing solar energy.High-efficiency utilization of solar energy to generate water vapor is popular,recyclable,and environmentally friendly for seawater desalination and sewage purification,helping to alleviate the global water shortage crisis.Here,we report an efficient and simple method to prepare a threedimensional(3 D) evaporator for steam generation by harnessing the power of the sun.This evaporation is composed of one-dimensional(1 D) cobalt embedded and nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes(Co@NCNTs) and 3 D silicon pillars array structure(Si pillars).The Co@NCNTs/Si pillars shows a wide light absorption range provided by carbon nanotubes and a long light absorption path because of the silicon pillars.The surface temperature of the sample rises rapidly in 1.5 min and exceed 80C under solar illumination of one sun.The water evaporation can be high as 1.21 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) under one sun irradiation(1 kW/m^(2)) with the energy efficiency up to 82.4%.This scalable Co@NCNTs/Si pillars can prepare pure water from seawater and sewage,where the removal rate of ions in seawater and pollutants in sewage is similar to 100%.Based on our research,this multistage three-dimensional structure is a simple and efficient novel photothermal material for extensive seawater desalination and sewage purification.展开更多
Vapor deposition and three-dimensional(3D)printing technology are considered to be conventional methods to achieve patterned metal film preparation through the assistance of masks and high temperature.Therefore,there ...Vapor deposition and three-dimensional(3D)printing technology are considered to be conventional methods to achieve patterned metal film preparation through the assistance of masks and high temperature.Therefore,there are still some challenges in fabricating metal films in template-free and normal temperature environment.In this work,we report a flexible and rapid laser metal transfer(LMT)technique for fabricating the various metal films(Cu,Ni,Sn,Al,Fe,and Ag)with different patterns without templates on arbitrary substrates(glass,polyimide(PI)films,and aluminum nitride(AlN)ceramic).Especially,the obtained transparent conductive glass displays high transmittance(more than 90%)and adjustable resistances(≈5Ω).According to the Joule effect,the interface resistance between Cu particles and copper oxide coating produces the high temperature approximately 280℃ at 2 V in a short time(≈60 s)and remains stable at 120℃ over 12 h.At last,the multifunctional glass with Cu patterns also shows excellent bactericidal activity(≈95%).This work demonstrates that laser metal transfer is an exceeding effective means of fabricating the micro/nano structures with potential applications in functional devices.展开更多
The pioneering exfoliation of monolayer tungsten diselenide has greatly inspired researchers toward semiconducting applications.WSe2 belongs to a family of transition-metal dichalcogenides.Similar to graphene,WSe2 and...The pioneering exfoliation of monolayer tungsten diselenide has greatly inspired researchers toward semiconducting applications.WSe2 belongs to a family of transition-metal dichalcogenides.Similar to graphene,WSe2 and analogous dichalcogenides have layered structures with weak van der Waals interactions between two adjacent layers.First,the readers are presented with the fundamentals of WSe2,such as types,morphologies,and properties.Here,we report the characterization principles and practices such as microscopy,spectroscopy,and diffraction.Second,the methods for obtaining high-quality WSe2,such as exfoliation,hydrothermal and chemical vapor deposition,are briefly listed.With advantages of light weight,flexibility,and high quantum efficiency,2D materials may have a niche in optoelectronics as building blocks in p-n junctions.Therefore,we introduce a state-of-the-art demonstration of heterostructure devices employing the p-type WSe2 semiconductor.The device architectures include field-effect transistors,photodetectors,gas sensors,and photovoltaic solar cells.Due to its unique electronic,optical,and energy band properties,WSe2 has been increasingly investigated due to the conductivity of the p-type charge carrier upon palladium contact.Eventually,the dynamic research on WSe2 and van der Waals heterostructures is summarized to arouse the passion of the 2D research community.展开更多
Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)removal has been a significant concern in various industries.In this study,food waste diges-tate-derived biochar(DFW-BC),a by-product of food waste treatment with abundant minerals,was assessed...Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)removal has been a significant concern in various industries.In this study,food waste diges-tate-derived biochar(DFW-BC),a by-product of food waste treatment with abundant minerals,was assessed for removing H_(2)S from different simulated biogas containing oxygen(O_(2))and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))and under differ-ent moisture(H_(2)O)contents(0%and 20%)of biochar.The influencing mechanisms of the gas conditions combined with the moisture contents were also investigated.The results showed an H_(2)S removal of 1.75 mg g^(−1)for dry bio-char under pure H_(2)S,4.29 mg g^(−1)for dry biochar under H_(2)S+O_(2),5.29 mg g^(−1)for humid biochar under H_(2)S,and 12.50 mg g^(−1)for humid biochar under H_(2)S+O_(2).For dry DFW-BC,the high Fe content was responsible for the O_(2)enhancement.In contrast,O_(2)+H_(2)O activated the catalytic H_(2)S oxidation of the less reactive minerals(mainly Ca).The inhibition of CO_(2)on H_(2)S adsorption was not obvious for dry DFW-BC;the specific pore structure may have provided a buffer against the physisorption competition of CO_(2).However,when H_(2)O was present on DFW-BC,the changes in critical biochar properties and sulfur speciation as opposed to that without H_(2)O implied an evident occurrence of CO_(2)chemisorption.This CO_(2)chemisorption partially hindered O_(2)+H_(2)O enhancement,decreasing the H_(2)S removal capacity from 12.50 to 8.88 mg g^(−1).The negative effect was ascribed to mineral carbonation of CO_(2),neutralizing the alkaline surface and immobilizing metal oxides,which thus reduced the acceleration in H_(2)S dissociation and activa-tion in catalytic H_(2)S oxidation by O_(2)+H_(2)O.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the Taishan Scholars Project Special Funds(Grant No.tsqn201812083)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant Nos.ZR2019YQ20 and 2019JMRH0410)+2 种基金Tip‐top Scientific and Technical Innovative Youth Talents of Guangdong Special Support Program(Grant No.2016TQ03N541)Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar(Grant No.2017B030306001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51972147 and 51732007).
文摘With the rapid development of different kinds of wearable electronic devices,flexible and high‐capacity power sources have attracted increasing attention.In this study,a facile strategy to fabricate Ni nanoparticles embedded in N‐doped carbon nanotubes(CNTs)(Ni@NCNTs)homogeneously coated on the surface of carbon fiber with a multistructural component of molybdenum carbide(MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC)was synthesized.There are two forms of MoC in MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC,including the MoC nanoclusters in a size of 2 to 4 nm anchored on Ni@N‐doped CNTs and the MoC nanoparticles as an interface between MoC/Ni@NCNTs and carbon cloth(CC).Multifunctional MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC served as both positive and negative electrode and a heater in flexible supercapacitors and in wearable devices,which exhibited excellent electrochemical and heating performance.Besides,an all‐solid‐state supercapacitor consists of two pieces of MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC that exhibited extraordinary energy storage performance with high‐energy density(78.7μWh/cm2 at the power density of 2.4 mW/cm2)and excellent cycling stability(≈91%capacity retention after 8000 cycles).Furthermore,all‐solid‐state flexible supercapacitors were incorporated with an MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC electrode into self‐heating flexible devices for keeping the human body warm.Thus,MoC/Ni@NCNTs/CC is a promising electrode material for flexible and wearable storage systems and heating electronic application.
基金supported by Taishan Scholars Project Special Funds (No.tsqn201812083)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Nos.ZR2019YQ20, 2019JMRH0410)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51972147,52022037)。
文摘The Co@NCNTs/Si pillars with channels is assemble to a suitable pure water gathering device,which is applied in seawater desalination and sewage purification to produce pure water by utilizing solar energy.High-efficiency utilization of solar energy to generate water vapor is popular,recyclable,and environmentally friendly for seawater desalination and sewage purification,helping to alleviate the global water shortage crisis.Here,we report an efficient and simple method to prepare a threedimensional(3 D) evaporator for steam generation by harnessing the power of the sun.This evaporation is composed of one-dimensional(1 D) cobalt embedded and nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes(Co@NCNTs) and 3 D silicon pillars array structure(Si pillars).The Co@NCNTs/Si pillars shows a wide light absorption range provided by carbon nanotubes and a long light absorption path because of the silicon pillars.The surface temperature of the sample rises rapidly in 1.5 min and exceed 80C under solar illumination of one sun.The water evaporation can be high as 1.21 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) under one sun irradiation(1 kW/m^(2)) with the energy efficiency up to 82.4%.This scalable Co@NCNTs/Si pillars can prepare pure water from seawater and sewage,where the removal rate of ions in seawater and pollutants in sewage is similar to 100%.Based on our research,this multistage three-dimensional structure is a simple and efficient novel photothermal material for extensive seawater desalination and sewage purification.
基金supported by the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(No.tsqn201812083)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2021JQ15,ZR2020QE071,ZR2020LLZ006,and ZR2020MH191)+1 种基金the Innovative Team Project of Jinan(No.2021GXRC019)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52022037,52102171,and 62174068).
文摘Vapor deposition and three-dimensional(3D)printing technology are considered to be conventional methods to achieve patterned metal film preparation through the assistance of masks and high temperature.Therefore,there are still some challenges in fabricating metal films in template-free and normal temperature environment.In this work,we report a flexible and rapid laser metal transfer(LMT)technique for fabricating the various metal films(Cu,Ni,Sn,Al,Fe,and Ag)with different patterns without templates on arbitrary substrates(glass,polyimide(PI)films,and aluminum nitride(AlN)ceramic).Especially,the obtained transparent conductive glass displays high transmittance(more than 90%)and adjustable resistances(≈5Ω).According to the Joule effect,the interface resistance between Cu particles and copper oxide coating produces the high temperature approximately 280℃ at 2 V in a short time(≈60 s)and remains stable at 120℃ over 12 h.At last,the multifunctional glass with Cu patterns also shows excellent bactericidal activity(≈95%).This work demonstrates that laser metal transfer is an exceeding effective means of fabricating the micro/nano structures with potential applications in functional devices.
基金The Major Innovation Projects in Shandong Province,Grant/Award Number:2018YFJH0503National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2017YFB0405400+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51802113,51802116,51902131Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,Grant/Award Numbers:ZR2018BEM015,ZR2019BEM006,ZR2019BEM040Taishan Scholars Project Special Funds,Grant/Award Number:tsqn201812083。
文摘The pioneering exfoliation of monolayer tungsten diselenide has greatly inspired researchers toward semiconducting applications.WSe2 belongs to a family of transition-metal dichalcogenides.Similar to graphene,WSe2 and analogous dichalcogenides have layered structures with weak van der Waals interactions between two adjacent layers.First,the readers are presented with the fundamentals of WSe2,such as types,morphologies,and properties.Here,we report the characterization principles and practices such as microscopy,spectroscopy,and diffraction.Second,the methods for obtaining high-quality WSe2,such as exfoliation,hydrothermal and chemical vapor deposition,are briefly listed.With advantages of light weight,flexibility,and high quantum efficiency,2D materials may have a niche in optoelectronics as building blocks in p-n junctions.Therefore,we introduce a state-of-the-art demonstration of heterostructure devices employing the p-type WSe2 semiconductor.The device architectures include field-effect transistors,photodetectors,gas sensors,and photovoltaic solar cells.Due to its unique electronic,optical,and energy band properties,WSe2 has been increasingly investigated due to the conductivity of the p-type charge carrier upon palladium contact.Eventually,the dynamic research on WSe2 and van der Waals heterostructures is summarized to arouse the passion of the 2D research community.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1902903)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22176005)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University(Project no.22qntd2701).
文摘Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)removal has been a significant concern in various industries.In this study,food waste diges-tate-derived biochar(DFW-BC),a by-product of food waste treatment with abundant minerals,was assessed for removing H_(2)S from different simulated biogas containing oxygen(O_(2))and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))and under differ-ent moisture(H_(2)O)contents(0%and 20%)of biochar.The influencing mechanisms of the gas conditions combined with the moisture contents were also investigated.The results showed an H_(2)S removal of 1.75 mg g^(−1)for dry bio-char under pure H_(2)S,4.29 mg g^(−1)for dry biochar under H_(2)S+O_(2),5.29 mg g^(−1)for humid biochar under H_(2)S,and 12.50 mg g^(−1)for humid biochar under H_(2)S+O_(2).For dry DFW-BC,the high Fe content was responsible for the O_(2)enhancement.In contrast,O_(2)+H_(2)O activated the catalytic H_(2)S oxidation of the less reactive minerals(mainly Ca).The inhibition of CO_(2)on H_(2)S adsorption was not obvious for dry DFW-BC;the specific pore structure may have provided a buffer against the physisorption competition of CO_(2).However,when H_(2)O was present on DFW-BC,the changes in critical biochar properties and sulfur speciation as opposed to that without H_(2)O implied an evident occurrence of CO_(2)chemisorption.This CO_(2)chemisorption partially hindered O_(2)+H_(2)O enhancement,decreasing the H_(2)S removal capacity from 12.50 to 8.88 mg g^(−1).The negative effect was ascribed to mineral carbonation of CO_(2),neutralizing the alkaline surface and immobilizing metal oxides,which thus reduced the acceleration in H_(2)S dissociation and activa-tion in catalytic H_(2)S oxidation by O_(2)+H_(2)O.
