In both Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)and modern medicine,they agree that the integrity and healthy structure of the vascular endothelium are essential for normal hemodynamics.Damage to the vascular endothelium can...In both Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)and modern medicine,they agree that the integrity and healthy structure of the vascular endothelium are essential for normal hemodynamics.Damage to the vascular endothelium can quickly activate the extrinsic coagulation pathway by triggering the tissue factor(TF)and lead to coagulation.This damage,along with a loss of anticoagulant properties through antithrombinⅢ(ATⅢ),TF pathway inhibitors,and the protein C system,can result in a hypercoagulable state and even thrombosis.Hypercoagulability is not only a common feature of many cancers but also an important factor promoting tumor development and metastasis,which corresponds to the TCM theory of“blood stasis leading to tumors.”The pharmacological effects of heparin and aspirin have similarities with TCM's“activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis”theory in improving blood circulation,treating related diseases,and their anti-inflammatory effects.展开更多
Mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)in frogs are essential for reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships and shedding light on the molecular evolution in these animals.However,there are only seven complete Rhacophor...Mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)in frogs are essential for reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships and shedding light on the molecular evolution in these animals.However,there are only seven complete Rhacophoridae genomes that have been reported to date.In this paper,two complete mitogenomes of the Chinese whipping frog(Zhangixalus chenfui)and Emei tree frog(Z.omeimontis)were described,each of which was 20520 and 19782 bp in size,and had A+T contents of 64.26%and 63.83%.The two mitogenomes each included two non-coding control region(D-loop,CR),two ribosomal RNA genes(rRNAs),13 protein-coding genes(PCGs),and 22 transfer RNA genes(tRNAs),and it was found that the mitogenome of Z.chenfui also includes three tandem tRNAMet gene sequences.A typical clover-leaf structure was found for all tRNAs except for tRNASer1(AGN),which showed a reduced DHU arm.The putative D-loop region contains multiple types of tandem repeats regions.Both of these two mitogenomes showed similar pattern of gene rearrangement(tRNA-Ser-ND6-tRNA-Glu-CytbCR1-ND5-CR2-tRNA-Thr-tRNA-Leu-tRNA-Pro).Additionally,three consecutive tRNAMet genes were found for the first time in Z.chenfui,a species in the Rhacophoridae family.For all phylogenetic analyses,which were based on 13 protein-coding genes from 91 Ranoidea mitogenomes,the same phylogenetic trees were observed using either maximum likelihood or Bayesian approaches.These results suggest that the phylogenetic hypotheses for the Ranoidea(including Rhacophoridae,Mantellidae,Ranidae and Dicroglossidae)derived from these mitogenomic data could provide substantiation for the relationships of(Dicroglossidae(Ranidae,(Mantellidae,Rhacophoridae))),and support the presence of a monophyletic group in four families.Moreover,Z.omeimontis and Z.dennysi were found to cluster on the same branch,indicating that they were more closely related as a group.This group may in turn form sister groups with Z.arboreus and Z.schlegelii.However,Z.chenfui is located on the base of other species in the genera.Increased mitogenome sampling should be conducted to provide a more satisfactory resolution to the phylogeny of the Rhacophorus,Rhacophoridae,and Mantellidae.展开更多
Nanocellulose,derived from abundant lignocellulosic biomass,has emerged as a transformative material with unparalleled versatility across industries.This review systematically analyzes its sources,extraction methods,a...Nanocellulose,derived from abundant lignocellulosic biomass,has emerged as a transformative material with unparalleled versatility across industries.This review systematically analyzes its sources,extraction methods,and multidimensional applications.Key findings include:(1)Plant fiber hierarchy dictates nanocellulose properties,with wood-derived cellulose offering high crystallinity and agricultural waste enabling cost-effective production.(2)Acid hydrolysis remains dominant for cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs),while mechanical methods yield high-aspectratio cellulose nanofibrils(CNFs).(3)Nanocellulose’s mechanical strength,biocompatibility,and tunable surface chemistry drive innovations in energy storage(e.g.,supercapacitors),biosensors(e.g.,glucose monitoring),and biomedical engineering(e.g.,3D-printed scaffolds).Challenges in scalability and sustainability persist,necessitating green synthesis and standardized protocols.This work underscores nanocellulose’s potential as a cornerstone of the circular bioeconomy.展开更多
Objectives:The tumorigenic progression of Lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),the predominant NSCLC subtype,is predominantly driven by co-occurring mutations in KRAS proto-oncogene(KRAS)/Tumor protein p53(TP53).However,their im...Objectives:The tumorigenic progression of Lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),the predominant NSCLC subtype,is predominantly driven by co-occurring mutations in KRAS proto-oncogene(KRAS)/Tumor protein p53(TP53).However,their impact on tumor microenvironment(TME)heterogeneity,particularly neutrophil dynamics,remains poorly understood.This present study aims to elucidate how KRAS/TP53 mutations reprogram the TME and develop a neutrophil-centric prognostic signature for LUAD.Methods:Leveraging single-cell RNA sequencing data and transcriptome data,neutrophil subpopulations were identified using Seurat and CellChat R packages,with trajectory analysis via Monocle2 R package.High-dimensional weighted gene co-expression network analysis(hdWGCNA),univariate Cox regression,and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression analyses were employed to generate a prognostic signature.Functional validation included Ras homolog family member V(RHOV)knockdown in A549/H1299 cells using siRNA,were assessed by cell counting kit 8(CCK8)assay,wound healing assay,and transwell assay.Results:KRAS/TP53-mutated LUAD exhibited increased neutrophil infiltration,particularly IS MUT subtypes with enhanced OSM/CALCR/IL-1 signaling.A five-gene prognostic signature(MS4A1,ANLN,FAM83A,RHOV,KRT6A)stratified patients into high-and low-risk groups with divergent overall survival in the TCGA-LUAD cohort(p<0.0001).AUCs achieved 0.73,0.70,and 0.66 at 1-,3-,and 5-year,respectively.External validation in immunotherapy cohorts(IMvigor210,GSE78220)confirmed the fine predictive capability of the prognostic signature in predicting treatment response.An integrated prognostic nomogram combining clinicopathological features and risk score further improved its clinical utility.Pseudotime analysis found that RHOV was essential for the growth of lung epithelial cells.RHOV knockdown significantly reduced the proliferation,migration,and invasion capabilities of A549/H1299 cells in vitro.Conclusion:KRAS/TP53 mutations may drive neutrophil heterogeneity in the TME of LUAD,addressing prognostic and therapeutic value.The five-gene signature and RHOV targeting offer translational relevance for risk stratification and therapy.These findings bridge genomic alterations with TME remodeling,advancing precision oncology in LUAD.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the relationship between Jiaotai pill(JTP),its main component berberine(BBR),and the serotonin(5-HT)system in regulating islet hormone secretion and alleviating pancreatic b-cell dysfunction d...Objective:To investigate the relationship between Jiaotai pill(JTP),its main component berberine(BBR),and the serotonin(5-HT)system in regulating islet hormone secretion and alleviating pancreatic b-cell dysfunction during type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)progression.Methods:T2DM rat model was established using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection.JTP,BBR,and Metformin were intragastrically administered for 35 days.The analyzed indices included blood glucose,blood lipids,islet hormones,and proteins related to 5-HT synthesis,secretion,and transport.Additionally,an in vitro model of glucose injury in islet cells was established to study the effects of JTP and BBR on islet hormone secretion following tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1)inhibition.Results:JTP and BBR significantly improved blood glucose and lipid levels and islet morphology in T2DM rats.Both models exhibited reduced islet 5-HT levels and impaired islet hormone secretion.However,the administration of JTP and BBR reversed these effects.Furthermore,JTP and BBR upregulated the expression of TPH1(P=.0194,P=.0413)transglutaminase 2(TGase2;P=.0492,P=.0349),serotonin transporter(SERT,P=.0090),and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1F receptor(5-HT1FR)in the islet 5-HT pathway(P=.0194).In the cell model,the regulatory effects of JTP and BBR on islet hormone levels were significantly weakened after TPH1 inhibition(P=.001),suggesting that JTP and BBR influence islet hormone secretion through the pancreatic 5-HT system.Conclusion:The islet 5-HT system is correlated with islet hormone secretion dysfunction in T2DM.JTP and BBR can improve islet hormone secretion by activating the TPH1/TGase2/SERT/5-HT1FR pathway in the islet 5-HT system in T2DM rats.展开更多
Ti-6Al-4V is widely used in the aviation industry because of its high strength, and good heat resistance. However, severe tool wear on the rake face occurs during the milling of Ti-6Al-4V,which is caused by intense fr...Ti-6Al-4V is widely used in the aviation industry because of its high strength, and good heat resistance. However, severe tool wear on the rake face occurs during the milling of Ti-6Al-4V,which is caused by intense friction between the tool rake face and the chips. To investigate tool wear in the milling of Ti-6Al-4V, ultrasonic vibration is introduced, and a cutting force prediction model that considers tool-chip contact interface friction behavior in Ultrasonic Longitudinal-Torsional Vibration-Assisted Milling(ULTVAM) is proposed in this paper. First, the tool tip motion trajectory and dynamic cutting thickness under ULTVAM were analyzed calculated, and compared with those in Common Milling(CM). Subsequently, the effects of ultrasonic vibration on the shear force under the ultrasonic softening effect, the friction force, and the friction reversal force on the toolchip contact interface were investigated. A dynamic milling force model under ULTVAM was established before and after friction force reversal caused by ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration. Finally, numerous experiments were conducted to validate the proposed model, and the experimental results indicated that the calculated dynamic milling forces agreed well with the measured values, with errors in the X and Y directions of 5.51% and 10.23%, respectively. In addition, the average roughness of the workpiece surface also decreased(1.08, 0.9, 0.6, 0.7 μm under ultrasonic amplitudes of 0, 1, 2, and 3 μm) and the tool wear state improved on the rake face under ULTVAM.展开更多
Elevating the upper cutoff voltage to 4.6 V could effec-tively increase the reversible capacity ofLiCoO_(2)(LCO)cathode,whereas the irreversible structural transition,unstable electrode/electrolyte interface and poten...Elevating the upper cutoff voltage to 4.6 V could effec-tively increase the reversible capacity ofLiCoO_(2)(LCO)cathode,whereas the irreversible structural transition,unstable electrode/electrolyte interface and potentially induced safety hazards severely hinder its industrial application.Building a robust cathode/electrolyte interface film by electrolyte engineer-ing is one of the efficient approaches to boost the performance of high-voltage LCO(HV-LCO);however,the elusive interfacial chemistry poses substantial challenges to the rational design of highly compatible electrolytes.Herein,we propose a novel electrolyte design strategy and screen proper solvents based on two factors:highest occupied molecular orbital energy level and LCO absorption energy.Tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphate is determined as the optimal solvent,whose low defluorination energy barrier significantly promotes the construction of LiF-rich cathode/electrolyte interface layer on the surface of LCO,thereby eventually suppresses the phase transition and enhancesLi+diffusion kinetics.The rationally designed electrolyte endows graphite||HV-LCO pouch cells with long cycle life(85.3%capacity retention after 700 cycles),wide-temperature adaptability(-60–80℃)and high safety(pass nail penetration).This work provides new insights into the electrolyte screening and rational design to constructing stable interface for high-energy lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
Energy efficiency is critical in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)due to the limited power supply.While clustering algorithms are commonly used to extend network lifetime,most of them focus on single-layer optimization.T...Energy efficiency is critical in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)due to the limited power supply.While clustering algorithms are commonly used to extend network lifetime,most of them focus on single-layer optimization.To this end,an Energy-efficient Cross-layer Clustering approach based on the Gini(ECCG)index theory was proposed in this paper.Specifically,a novel mechanism of Gini Index theory-based energy-efficient Cluster Head Election(GICHE)is presented based on the Gini Index and the expected energy distribution to achieve balanced energy consumption among different clusters.In addition,to improve inter-cluster energy efficiency,a Queue synchronous Media Access Control(QMAC)protocol is proposed to reduce intra-cluster communication overhead.Finally,extensive simulations have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of ECCG.Simulation results show that ECCG achieves 50.6%longer the time until the First Node Dies(FND)rounds,up to 30%lower energy consumption compared with Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH),and higher throughput under different traffic loads,thereby validating its effectiveness in improving energy efficiency and prolonging the network lifetime.展开更多
With the growth of the construction industry,risk management in construction projects has garnered significant attention from the academic community.Effective risk management during the decision-making stage can great...With the growth of the construction industry,risk management in construction projects has garnered significant attention from the academic community.Effective risk management during the decision-making stage can greatly enhance project management efficiency.This paper integrates the AHP-entropy value method and constructs a risk management model based on the DPSIR framework for construction projects.The model is applied to evaluate and analyze the risk level of the decision-making stage in a navigation and electricity hub project in Chongqing Municipality.The results demonstrate the scientific validity and effectiveness of the proposed model.展开更多
Chirality is a widespread physical phenomenon in nature,but natural materials often exhibit weak chiroptical responses.Recent advances have used chiral metasurfaces to enhance these responses,with applications in holo...Chirality is a widespread physical phenomenon in nature,but natural materials often exhibit weak chiroptical responses.Recent advances have used chiral metasurfaces to enhance these responses,with applications in holographic imaging,chiral molecule detection,and circularly polarized lasers.However,most chiral metasurfaces exhibit strong chiroptical responses only at fixed wavelengths,which limits their suitability for wavelength-tunable optical devices.We address this by designing a silicon-GST(silicon-Ge2Sb2Te5)hybrid metasurface with asymmetric cross-shaped units that support multi-wavelength resonances,achieving broadband and dynamically tunable CD(circular dichroism).In the amorphous phase,GST enables CD>0.7 in the range of 2,137 nm to 2,657 nm,with a PER(polarization extinction ratio)up to 38 dB.Upon transition to the crystalline phase,CD enhances with a redshift,and the sign of CD reverses.This enables dynamic wavelength tuning of broadband CD via the phase transition of GST.展开更多
Economic growth and environmental pollution have become the bases of geopolitical competition due to the multiple constraints of growth in energy consumption and environmental protection in recent decades.Whether the ...Economic growth and environmental pollution have become the bases of geopolitical competition due to the multiple constraints of growth in energy consumption and environmental protection in recent decades.Whether the coordinated development of inward foreign direct investment(IFDI)and outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)promote economic growth while reducing environmental pollution and realizing high-quality development affects the overall socialist modernization under China’s“Dual Circulation”policy.Using China’s provincial panel data from 2005 to 2020,this paper first measured green total factor productivity(GTFP)and the coordinated development index(CDIFDI)of IFDI and OFDI via the slacks-based measureglobal Malmquist–Luenberger(SBM-GML)model and the capacity coupling model.A panel threshold model with interactive effects(PTIFEs)was then applied to explore the nonlinear impact of the CDIFDI on China’s GTFP.Finally,a regional heterogeneity analysis was conducted for China’s eastern,central and western regions of China.Results show that(1)GTFP in China kept rising with small fluctuations during the sample period,with the increasing range of GTFP decreasing from east to west.(2)CDIFDI had a significant“U”-shaped threshold effect on GTFP,and the main threshold variables were the industrial structure and the level of economic development.(3)CDIFDI played a positive role in promoting GTFP growth in the eastern region,while the effects of CDIFDI on GTFP in the central and western regions were not significant.Policy-makers and enterprises should comprehensively consider promoting regional industrial upgrading and economic growth to achieve a greater positive impact of CDIFDI on GTFP.Scientifically measuring GTFP and exploring the nonlinear impact of the CDIFDI on GTFP and regional heterogeneity provide helpful references for policy-makers to coordinate the high-quality development of regional economies.展开更多
Explorations into new electrolytes have highlighted the critical impact of solvation structure on battery performance,Classical molecular dynamics(CMD)using semi-empirical force fields has become an essential tool for...Explorations into new electrolytes have highlighted the critical impact of solvation structure on battery performance,Classical molecular dynamics(CMD)using semi-empirical force fields has become an essential tool for simulating solvation structures.However,mainstream force fields often lack accuracy in describing strong ion-solvent interactions,causing disparities between CMD simulations and experimental observations.Although some empirical methods have been employed in some of the studies to address this issue,their effectiveness has been limited.Our CMD research,supported by quantum chemical calculations and experimental data,reveals that the solvation structure is influenced not only by the charge model but also by the polarization description.Previous empirical approaches that focused solely on adjusting ion-solvent interaction strengths overlooked the importance of polarization effects.Building on this insight,we propose integrating the Drude polarization model into mainstream force fields and verify its feasibility in carbonate,ether,and nitrile electrolytes.Our experimental results demonstrate that this approach significantly enhances the accuracy of CMD-simulated solvation structures.This work is expected to provide a more reliable CMD method for electrolyte design,shielding researchers from the pitfalls of erroneous simulation outcomes.展开更多
The atmospheric concentrations of carbonyls and BTEX （benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,m,p-xylene and o-xylene） were measured simultaneously at a same sampling site in Beijing from September 2008 to August 2010.The aver...The atmospheric concentrations of carbonyls and BTEX （benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,m,p-xylene and o-xylene） were measured simultaneously at a same sampling site in Beijing from September 2008 to August 2010.The average concentrations of the total measured carbonyls during autumn,winter,spring,and summer were 37.7,31.3,39.7,50.5 μg/m 3,respectively,and maximal values for their diurnal variations usually happened at noontime.In contrast to carbonyls,the average concentrations of the total measured BTEX during the four seasons were 27.2,31.9,23.2,19.1 μg/m 3,respectively,andminimal values for their diurnal variations always occurred in the early afternoon.The average concentration for carbonyls increased about 24% from September 2008–August 2009 to September 2009–August 2010,for BTEX,increased about 15%.Integrated life time cancer risks for three carcinogens （benzene,formaldehyde and acetaldehyde） in Beijing exceeded the value of 1E-06,and the hazard quotient （HQ） of non-cancer risk of exposure to formaldehyde exceeded unity.展开更多
Cadmium contamination of soil is a global issue and in-situ remediation technology as a promising mitigation strategy has attracted more and more attention.Many nanomaterials have been applied for the in-situ remediat...Cadmium contamination of soil is a global issue and in-situ remediation technology as a promising mitigation strategy has attracted more and more attention.Many nanomaterials have been applied for the in-situ remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil due to their excellent properties of the nano-scale size effect.In this work,recent research progress of various nanomaterials,including carbon nanomaterials,metal-based nanomaterials and nano mineral materials,in the removal of cadmium and in-situ remediation of cadmiumcontaminated soil were systematically discussed.Additional emphases were particularly laid on both laboratory and field restoration effects.Moreover,the factors which can affect the stability of cadmium,main interaction mechanisms between nanomaterials and cadmium in the soil,and potential future research direction were also provided.Therefore,it is believed that this work will ultimately contribute to the myriad of environmental cleanup advances,and further improve human health and sustainable development.展开更多
Atmospheric volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were observed by an on-line gas chromatography-flame ionization detector monitoring system from November 2016 to August 2017 in Beijing.The average concentrations were winte...Atmospheric volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were observed by an on-line gas chromatography-flame ionization detector monitoring system from November 2016 to August 2017 in Beijing.The average concentrations were winter(40.27±25.25μg/m3)>autumn(34.25±19.90μg/m3)>summer(32.53±17.39μg/m3)>spring(24.72±17.22μg/m3).Although benzene(15.70%),propane(11.02%),ethane(9.32%)and n-butane(6.77%)were the most abundant species,ethylene(14.07%)and propene(11.20%)were the key reactive species to ozone formation potential(OFP),and benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,mxylene+p-xylene and o-xylene(54.13%)were the most reactive species to secondary organic aerosol formation potential(SOAFP).The diurnal and seasonal variations indicated that diesel vehicle emission during early morning,gasoline vehicle emission at the traffic rush hours and coal burning during the heating period might be important sources.Five major sources were further identified by positive matrix factorization(PMF).The vehicle exhaust(gasoline exhaust and diesel exhaust)was found to be contributed most to atmospheric VOCs,with 43.59%,41.91%,50.45%and 43.91%,respectively in spring,summer,autumn and winter;while solvent usage contributed least,with 11.10%,7.13%,14.00%and 19.87%,respectively.Biogenic emission sources(13.11%)were only identified in summer.However,both vehicle exhaust and solvent usage were identified to be the key sources considering contributions to the OFP and SOAFP.Besides,the contributions of combustion during heating period and gasoline evaporation source during warm seasons to OFP and SOAFP should not be overlooked.展开更多
Benzene homologues are important chemical precursors to the formation of ground-level ozone and secondary organic aerosol(SOA) in the atmosphere,in addition,some toxic species are harmful to human health.Strict counte...Benzene homologues are important chemical precursors to the formation of ground-level ozone and secondary organic aerosol(SOA) in the atmosphere,in addition,some toxic species are harmful to human health.Strict countermeasures have been taken to fight air pollution since 2013,and total amount control of volatile organic compounds is being promoted in China at present.Therefore,it is important to understand the pollution situation and the control status of ambient benzene homologues in China.This paper reviews research progress from published papers on pollution characteristics,atmospheric photochemical reactivity,health risk assessment and source identification of ambient benzene homologues in recent years in China,and also summarizes policies and countermeasures for the control of ambient benzene homologues and the relevant achievements.The total ambient levels of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylenes(BTEX) shows a declining tendency from 2001 to 2016 in China.The mass concentrations of BTEX are generally higher in southern regions than in northern regions,and they present vertical decreasing variation characteristics with increasing altitude within the height range of about 5500 m.Toluene has the highest ozone formation potential and SOA formation potential both in urban areas and background areas,while benzene poses an obvious carcinogenic risk to the exposed adult populations in urban areas.Source identification of ambient benzene homologues suggested that local governments should adopt differentiated control strategies for ambient benzene homologues.Several recommendations are put forward for future research and policy-making on the control of ambient benzene homologues in China.展开更多
基金supported by the Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program(Natural Science)Youth Guidance Project{Qian Kehe Foundation-[2024]Youth 307}。
文摘In both Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)and modern medicine,they agree that the integrity and healthy structure of the vascular endothelium are essential for normal hemodynamics.Damage to the vascular endothelium can quickly activate the extrinsic coagulation pathway by triggering the tissue factor(TF)and lead to coagulation.This damage,along with a loss of anticoagulant properties through antithrombinⅢ(ATⅢ),TF pathway inhibitors,and the protein C system,can result in a hypercoagulable state and even thrombosis.Hypercoagulability is not only a common feature of many cancers but also an important factor promoting tumor development and metastasis,which corresponds to the TCM theory of“blood stasis leading to tumors.”The pharmacological effects of heparin and aspirin have similarities with TCM's“activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis”theory in improving blood circulation,treating related diseases,and their anti-inflammatory effects.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32270457)the Natural Science Foundation Province of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Probince(No.2023NSFSC0206)+1 种基金the Research Project of Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(No.ESP2003)the Research Project of Education Office Project of Sichuan Province(No.18ZA0261).
文摘Mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)in frogs are essential for reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships and shedding light on the molecular evolution in these animals.However,there are only seven complete Rhacophoridae genomes that have been reported to date.In this paper,two complete mitogenomes of the Chinese whipping frog(Zhangixalus chenfui)and Emei tree frog(Z.omeimontis)were described,each of which was 20520 and 19782 bp in size,and had A+T contents of 64.26%and 63.83%.The two mitogenomes each included two non-coding control region(D-loop,CR),two ribosomal RNA genes(rRNAs),13 protein-coding genes(PCGs),and 22 transfer RNA genes(tRNAs),and it was found that the mitogenome of Z.chenfui also includes three tandem tRNAMet gene sequences.A typical clover-leaf structure was found for all tRNAs except for tRNASer1(AGN),which showed a reduced DHU arm.The putative D-loop region contains multiple types of tandem repeats regions.Both of these two mitogenomes showed similar pattern of gene rearrangement(tRNA-Ser-ND6-tRNA-Glu-CytbCR1-ND5-CR2-tRNA-Thr-tRNA-Leu-tRNA-Pro).Additionally,three consecutive tRNAMet genes were found for the first time in Z.chenfui,a species in the Rhacophoridae family.For all phylogenetic analyses,which were based on 13 protein-coding genes from 91 Ranoidea mitogenomes,the same phylogenetic trees were observed using either maximum likelihood or Bayesian approaches.These results suggest that the phylogenetic hypotheses for the Ranoidea(including Rhacophoridae,Mantellidae,Ranidae and Dicroglossidae)derived from these mitogenomic data could provide substantiation for the relationships of(Dicroglossidae(Ranidae,(Mantellidae,Rhacophoridae))),and support the presence of a monophyletic group in four families.Moreover,Z.omeimontis and Z.dennysi were found to cluster on the same branch,indicating that they were more closely related as a group.This group may in turn form sister groups with Z.arboreus and Z.schlegelii.However,Z.chenfui is located on the base of other species in the genera.Increased mitogenome sampling should be conducted to provide a more satisfactory resolution to the phylogeny of the Rhacophorus,Rhacophoridae,and Mantellidae.
基金supported by the Basic Scientific Research Funds Project of Heilongjiang Universities[grant number 2024-KYYWF-0554]the Heilongjiang Province 2024 Innovation Training Programme for University Students[grant number S202410222123].
文摘Nanocellulose,derived from abundant lignocellulosic biomass,has emerged as a transformative material with unparalleled versatility across industries.This review systematically analyzes its sources,extraction methods,and multidimensional applications.Key findings include:(1)Plant fiber hierarchy dictates nanocellulose properties,with wood-derived cellulose offering high crystallinity and agricultural waste enabling cost-effective production.(2)Acid hydrolysis remains dominant for cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs),while mechanical methods yield high-aspectratio cellulose nanofibrils(CNFs).(3)Nanocellulose’s mechanical strength,biocompatibility,and tunable surface chemistry drive innovations in energy storage(e.g.,supercapacitors),biosensors(e.g.,glucose monitoring),and biomedical engineering(e.g.,3D-printed scaffolds).Challenges in scalability and sustainability persist,necessitating green synthesis and standardized protocols.This work underscores nanocellulose’s potential as a cornerstone of the circular bioeconomy.
基金supported by Zhongnanshan Medical Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.ZNSXS-20240108 to Anping Xu).
文摘Objectives:The tumorigenic progression of Lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),the predominant NSCLC subtype,is predominantly driven by co-occurring mutations in KRAS proto-oncogene(KRAS)/Tumor protein p53(TP53).However,their impact on tumor microenvironment(TME)heterogeneity,particularly neutrophil dynamics,remains poorly understood.This present study aims to elucidate how KRAS/TP53 mutations reprogram the TME and develop a neutrophil-centric prognostic signature for LUAD.Methods:Leveraging single-cell RNA sequencing data and transcriptome data,neutrophil subpopulations were identified using Seurat and CellChat R packages,with trajectory analysis via Monocle2 R package.High-dimensional weighted gene co-expression network analysis(hdWGCNA),univariate Cox regression,and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression analyses were employed to generate a prognostic signature.Functional validation included Ras homolog family member V(RHOV)knockdown in A549/H1299 cells using siRNA,were assessed by cell counting kit 8(CCK8)assay,wound healing assay,and transwell assay.Results:KRAS/TP53-mutated LUAD exhibited increased neutrophil infiltration,particularly IS MUT subtypes with enhanced OSM/CALCR/IL-1 signaling.A five-gene prognostic signature(MS4A1,ANLN,FAM83A,RHOV,KRT6A)stratified patients into high-and low-risk groups with divergent overall survival in the TCGA-LUAD cohort(p<0.0001).AUCs achieved 0.73,0.70,and 0.66 at 1-,3-,and 5-year,respectively.External validation in immunotherapy cohorts(IMvigor210,GSE78220)confirmed the fine predictive capability of the prognostic signature in predicting treatment response.An integrated prognostic nomogram combining clinicopathological features and risk score further improved its clinical utility.Pseudotime analysis found that RHOV was essential for the growth of lung epithelial cells.RHOV knockdown significantly reduced the proliferation,migration,and invasion capabilities of A549/H1299 cells in vitro.Conclusion:KRAS/TP53 mutations may drive neutrophil heterogeneity in the TME of LUAD,addressing prognostic and therapeutic value.The five-gene signature and RHOV targeting offer translational relevance for risk stratification and therapy.These findings bridge genomic alterations with TME remodeling,advancing precision oncology in LUAD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81673680)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(YZX-202306).
文摘Objective:To investigate the relationship between Jiaotai pill(JTP),its main component berberine(BBR),and the serotonin(5-HT)system in regulating islet hormone secretion and alleviating pancreatic b-cell dysfunction during type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)progression.Methods:T2DM rat model was established using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection.JTP,BBR,and Metformin were intragastrically administered for 35 days.The analyzed indices included blood glucose,blood lipids,islet hormones,and proteins related to 5-HT synthesis,secretion,and transport.Additionally,an in vitro model of glucose injury in islet cells was established to study the effects of JTP and BBR on islet hormone secretion following tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1)inhibition.Results:JTP and BBR significantly improved blood glucose and lipid levels and islet morphology in T2DM rats.Both models exhibited reduced islet 5-HT levels and impaired islet hormone secretion.However,the administration of JTP and BBR reversed these effects.Furthermore,JTP and BBR upregulated the expression of TPH1(P=.0194,P=.0413)transglutaminase 2(TGase2;P=.0492,P=.0349),serotonin transporter(SERT,P=.0090),and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1F receptor(5-HT1FR)in the islet 5-HT pathway(P=.0194).In the cell model,the regulatory effects of JTP and BBR on islet hormone levels were significantly weakened after TPH1 inhibition(P=.001),suggesting that JTP and BBR influence islet hormone secretion through the pancreatic 5-HT system.Conclusion:The islet 5-HT system is correlated with islet hormone secretion dysfunction in T2DM.JTP and BBR can improve islet hormone secretion by activating the TPH1/TGase2/SERT/5-HT1FR pathway in the islet 5-HT system in T2DM rats.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52475516,52005166,91960203)the Young Core Instructor Project in the Higher Education Institutions of Henan Province(No.2023GGJS051)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Henan Polytechnic University(No.J2022-5).
文摘Ti-6Al-4V is widely used in the aviation industry because of its high strength, and good heat resistance. However, severe tool wear on the rake face occurs during the milling of Ti-6Al-4V,which is caused by intense friction between the tool rake face and the chips. To investigate tool wear in the milling of Ti-6Al-4V, ultrasonic vibration is introduced, and a cutting force prediction model that considers tool-chip contact interface friction behavior in Ultrasonic Longitudinal-Torsional Vibration-Assisted Milling(ULTVAM) is proposed in this paper. First, the tool tip motion trajectory and dynamic cutting thickness under ULTVAM were analyzed calculated, and compared with those in Common Milling(CM). Subsequently, the effects of ultrasonic vibration on the shear force under the ultrasonic softening effect, the friction force, and the friction reversal force on the toolchip contact interface were investigated. A dynamic milling force model under ULTVAM was established before and after friction force reversal caused by ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration. Finally, numerous experiments were conducted to validate the proposed model, and the experimental results indicated that the calculated dynamic milling forces agreed well with the measured values, with errors in the X and Y directions of 5.51% and 10.23%, respectively. In addition, the average roughness of the workpiece surface also decreased(1.08, 0.9, 0.6, 0.7 μm under ultrasonic amplitudes of 0, 1, 2, and 3 μm) and the tool wear state improved on the rake face under ULTVAM.
基金financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE0213000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U22A20438)+1 种基金Hubei Natural Science Foundation(2023BAB036,2024BAB103)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(2024BEE02002).
文摘Elevating the upper cutoff voltage to 4.6 V could effec-tively increase the reversible capacity ofLiCoO_(2)(LCO)cathode,whereas the irreversible structural transition,unstable electrode/electrolyte interface and potentially induced safety hazards severely hinder its industrial application.Building a robust cathode/electrolyte interface film by electrolyte engineer-ing is one of the efficient approaches to boost the performance of high-voltage LCO(HV-LCO);however,the elusive interfacial chemistry poses substantial challenges to the rational design of highly compatible electrolytes.Herein,we propose a novel electrolyte design strategy and screen proper solvents based on two factors:highest occupied molecular orbital energy level and LCO absorption energy.Tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphate is determined as the optimal solvent,whose low defluorination energy barrier significantly promotes the construction of LiF-rich cathode/electrolyte interface layer on the surface of LCO,thereby eventually suppresses the phase transition and enhancesLi+diffusion kinetics.The rationally designed electrolyte endows graphite||HV-LCO pouch cells with long cycle life(85.3%capacity retention after 700 cycles),wide-temperature adaptability(-60–80℃)and high safety(pass nail penetration).This work provides new insights into the electrolyte screening and rational design to constructing stable interface for high-energy lithium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62461041Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province under Grant No.20224BAB212016 and No.20242BA B25068China Scholarship Council under Grant No.202106825021.
文摘Energy efficiency is critical in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)due to the limited power supply.While clustering algorithms are commonly used to extend network lifetime,most of them focus on single-layer optimization.To this end,an Energy-efficient Cross-layer Clustering approach based on the Gini(ECCG)index theory was proposed in this paper.Specifically,a novel mechanism of Gini Index theory-based energy-efficient Cluster Head Election(GICHE)is presented based on the Gini Index and the expected energy distribution to achieve balanced energy consumption among different clusters.In addition,to improve inter-cluster energy efficiency,a Queue synchronous Media Access Control(QMAC)protocol is proposed to reduce intra-cluster communication overhead.Finally,extensive simulations have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of ECCG.Simulation results show that ECCG achieves 50.6%longer the time until the First Node Dies(FND)rounds,up to 30%lower energy consumption compared with Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH),and higher throughput under different traffic loads,thereby validating its effectiveness in improving energy efficiency and prolonging the network lifetime.
文摘With the growth of the construction industry,risk management in construction projects has garnered significant attention from the academic community.Effective risk management during the decision-making stage can greatly enhance project management efficiency.This paper integrates the AHP-entropy value method and constructs a risk management model based on the DPSIR framework for construction projects.The model is applied to evaluate and analyze the risk level of the decision-making stage in a navigation and electricity hub project in Chongqing Municipality.The results demonstrate the scientific validity and effectiveness of the proposed model.
文摘Chirality is a widespread physical phenomenon in nature,but natural materials often exhibit weak chiroptical responses.Recent advances have used chiral metasurfaces to enhance these responses,with applications in holographic imaging,chiral molecule detection,and circularly polarized lasers.However,most chiral metasurfaces exhibit strong chiroptical responses only at fixed wavelengths,which limits their suitability for wavelength-tunable optical devices.We address this by designing a silicon-GST(silicon-Ge2Sb2Te5)hybrid metasurface with asymmetric cross-shaped units that support multi-wavelength resonances,achieving broadband and dynamically tunable CD(circular dichroism).In the amorphous phase,GST enables CD>0.7 in the range of 2,137 nm to 2,657 nm,with a PER(polarization extinction ratio)up to 38 dB.Upon transition to the crystalline phase,CD enhances with a redshift,and the sign of CD reverses.This enables dynamic wavelength tuning of broadband CD via the phase transition of GST.
基金supported by the Key Project of National Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.24AGL007).
文摘Economic growth and environmental pollution have become the bases of geopolitical competition due to the multiple constraints of growth in energy consumption and environmental protection in recent decades.Whether the coordinated development of inward foreign direct investment(IFDI)and outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)promote economic growth while reducing environmental pollution and realizing high-quality development affects the overall socialist modernization under China’s“Dual Circulation”policy.Using China’s provincial panel data from 2005 to 2020,this paper first measured green total factor productivity(GTFP)and the coordinated development index(CDIFDI)of IFDI and OFDI via the slacks-based measureglobal Malmquist–Luenberger(SBM-GML)model and the capacity coupling model.A panel threshold model with interactive effects(PTIFEs)was then applied to explore the nonlinear impact of the CDIFDI on China’s GTFP.Finally,a regional heterogeneity analysis was conducted for China’s eastern,central and western regions of China.Results show that(1)GTFP in China kept rising with small fluctuations during the sample period,with the increasing range of GTFP decreasing from east to west.(2)CDIFDI had a significant“U”-shaped threshold effect on GTFP,and the main threshold variables were the industrial structure and the level of economic development.(3)CDIFDI played a positive role in promoting GTFP growth in the eastern region,while the effects of CDIFDI on GTFP in the central and western regions were not significant.Policy-makers and enterprises should comprehensively consider promoting regional industrial upgrading and economic growth to achieve a greater positive impact of CDIFDI on GTFP.Scientifically measuring GTFP and exploring the nonlinear impact of the CDIFDI on GTFP and regional heterogeneity provide helpful references for policy-makers to coordinate the high-quality development of regional economies.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(5419-202199552A-0-5-ZN).
文摘Explorations into new electrolytes have highlighted the critical impact of solvation structure on battery performance,Classical molecular dynamics(CMD)using semi-empirical force fields has become an essential tool for simulating solvation structures.However,mainstream force fields often lack accuracy in describing strong ion-solvent interactions,causing disparities between CMD simulations and experimental observations.Although some empirical methods have been employed in some of the studies to address this issue,their effectiveness has been limited.Our CMD research,supported by quantum chemical calculations and experimental data,reveals that the solvation structure is influenced not only by the charge model but also by the polarization description.Previous empirical approaches that focused solely on adjusting ion-solvent interaction strengths overlooked the importance of polarization effects.Building on this insight,we propose integrating the Drude polarization model into mainstream force fields and verify its feasibility in carbonate,ether,and nitrile electrolytes.Our experimental results demonstrate that this approach significantly enhances the accuracy of CMD-simulated solvation structures.This work is expected to provide a more reliable CMD method for electrolyte design,shielding researchers from the pitfalls of erroneous simulation outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41075094,40830101, 21177140,20977097)the National Basic Research and the Development Program (973) of China (No. 2010CB732304)+1 种基金the Special Fund for Environmental Research in the Public Interest (No. 201009001)the National Water Special Project (No. 2009ZX07210-009)
文摘The atmospheric concentrations of carbonyls and BTEX （benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,m,p-xylene and o-xylene） were measured simultaneously at a same sampling site in Beijing from September 2008 to August 2010.The average concentrations of the total measured carbonyls during autumn,winter,spring,and summer were 37.7,31.3,39.7,50.5 μg/m 3,respectively,and maximal values for their diurnal variations usually happened at noontime.In contrast to carbonyls,the average concentrations of the total measured BTEX during the four seasons were 27.2,31.9,23.2,19.1 μg/m 3,respectively,andminimal values for their diurnal variations always occurred in the early afternoon.The average concentration for carbonyls increased about 24% from September 2008–August 2009 to September 2009–August 2010,for BTEX,increased about 15%.Integrated life time cancer risks for three carcinogens （benzene,formaldehyde and acetaldehyde） in Beijing exceeded the value of 1E-06,and the hazard quotient （HQ） of non-cancer risk of exposure to formaldehyde exceeded unity.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFD0800300,2016YFC1400600)Natural Science Foundation of China(U1607111)+3 种基金the Hundred Talent program of CAS(2010–735)the Project for Science and Technology Service of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KFJ-EWSTS-016)Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(202003N4002)the Zhejiang Province Financial Support(LGF19D060001,R5110230)。
文摘Cadmium contamination of soil is a global issue and in-situ remediation technology as a promising mitigation strategy has attracted more and more attention.Many nanomaterials have been applied for the in-situ remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil due to their excellent properties of the nano-scale size effect.In this work,recent research progress of various nanomaterials,including carbon nanomaterials,metal-based nanomaterials and nano mineral materials,in the removal of cadmium and in-situ remediation of cadmiumcontaminated soil were systematically discussed.Additional emphases were particularly laid on both laboratory and field restoration effects.Moreover,the factors which can affect the stability of cadmium,main interaction mechanisms between nanomaterials and cadmium in the soil,and potential future research direction were also provided.Therefore,it is believed that this work will ultimately contribute to the myriad of environmental cleanup advances,and further improve human health and sustainable development.
基金supported by Central Level,Scientific Research Institutes for Basic R&D Special Fund Business,China(Nos.2016-YSKY-026 and 2016-YSKY-002)National Research Program for Key Issue in Air Pollution Control(No.DOGG030405)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21707125)
文摘Atmospheric volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were observed by an on-line gas chromatography-flame ionization detector monitoring system from November 2016 to August 2017 in Beijing.The average concentrations were winter(40.27±25.25μg/m3)>autumn(34.25±19.90μg/m3)>summer(32.53±17.39μg/m3)>spring(24.72±17.22μg/m3).Although benzene(15.70%),propane(11.02%),ethane(9.32%)and n-butane(6.77%)were the most abundant species,ethylene(14.07%)and propene(11.20%)were the key reactive species to ozone formation potential(OFP),and benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,mxylene+p-xylene and o-xylene(54.13%)were the most reactive species to secondary organic aerosol formation potential(SOAFP).The diurnal and seasonal variations indicated that diesel vehicle emission during early morning,gasoline vehicle emission at the traffic rush hours and coal burning during the heating period might be important sources.Five major sources were further identified by positive matrix factorization(PMF).The vehicle exhaust(gasoline exhaust and diesel exhaust)was found to be contributed most to atmospheric VOCs,with 43.59%,41.91%,50.45%and 43.91%,respectively in spring,summer,autumn and winter;while solvent usage contributed least,with 11.10%,7.13%,14.00%and 19.87%,respectively.Biogenic emission sources(13.11%)were only identified in summer.However,both vehicle exhaust and solvent usage were identified to be the key sources considering contributions to the OFP and SOAFP.Besides,the contributions of combustion during heating period and gasoline evaporation source during warm seasons to OFP and SOAFP should not be overlooked.
基金supported by the programs from Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z181100005418015)the Finance Allocation Project of Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China(No.2110105)+2 种基金the Special Research Project for the National Environmental Protection Public Welfare Industry of China(No.201009032)the 2016 annual Graduation Practice Training Program of Beijing City Universitythe 2018 annual Graduation Practice Training Program of Beijing City University
文摘Benzene homologues are important chemical precursors to the formation of ground-level ozone and secondary organic aerosol(SOA) in the atmosphere,in addition,some toxic species are harmful to human health.Strict countermeasures have been taken to fight air pollution since 2013,and total amount control of volatile organic compounds is being promoted in China at present.Therefore,it is important to understand the pollution situation and the control status of ambient benzene homologues in China.This paper reviews research progress from published papers on pollution characteristics,atmospheric photochemical reactivity,health risk assessment and source identification of ambient benzene homologues in recent years in China,and also summarizes policies and countermeasures for the control of ambient benzene homologues and the relevant achievements.The total ambient levels of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylenes(BTEX) shows a declining tendency from 2001 to 2016 in China.The mass concentrations of BTEX are generally higher in southern regions than in northern regions,and they present vertical decreasing variation characteristics with increasing altitude within the height range of about 5500 m.Toluene has the highest ozone formation potential and SOA formation potential both in urban areas and background areas,while benzene poses an obvious carcinogenic risk to the exposed adult populations in urban areas.Source identification of ambient benzene homologues suggested that local governments should adopt differentiated control strategies for ambient benzene homologues.Several recommendations are put forward for future research and policy-making on the control of ambient benzene homologues in China.
