The tea plant cultivar‘Zhonghuang 2'(ZH2)possesses albino-induced yellow leaves that contain low levels of catechins but high contents of amino acids.However,the molecular mechanism underlying the yellow leaf phe...The tea plant cultivar‘Zhonghuang 2'(ZH2)possesses albino-induced yellow leaves that contain low levels of catechins but high contents of amino acids.However,the molecular mechanism underlying the yellow leaf phenotype of ZH2 has not been elucidated clearly.In the current research,the yellow shoots(ZH2-Y)and naturally converted green shoots(ZH2-G)of ZH2 were studied using metabolic and proteomic profiling for a better understanding of the mechanism underlying phenotype formation.In total,107 differentially changed metabolites(DCMs)were identified from the GC-MS-based metabolomics,and 189 differentially accumulated proteins(DAPs)were identified from the tandem mass tag(TMT)-based quantitative proteomics.Subsequently,integrated analysis revealed that‘porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism',‘carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms',and‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis'pathways were commonly enriched for DAPs and DCMs.We further found that the inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis,the deficiency of photosynthetic proteins and the imbalance of the ROS-scavenging system were the crucial reasons responsible for the chlorosis,chloroplast abnormality and photooxidative damage of ZH2 leaves.Altogether,our research combines metabolomics and proteomics approaches to uncover the molecular mechanism leading to the yellow leaf phenotype of tea plants.展开更多
2D-material-based photodetectors enhanced by plasmonic nanostructures can support responsivity/detectivity several orders higher than commercial photodetectors,drawing extensive attention as promising candidates for t...2D-material-based photodetectors enhanced by plasmonic nanostructures can support responsivity/detectivity several orders higher than commercial photodetectors,drawing extensive attention as promising candidates for the next-generation photodetectors.However,to boost the nanostructure-enhanced 2D photodetectors into real-world applications,crucial challenges lie in the design of broadband enhancing nanostructures and their scalable and position-controllable fabrication.Here,based on a broadband resonant plasmonic disk array fabricated by a scalable and position-controllable technique(direct writing photolithography),we present a visible-near infrared(405-1310 nm)2D WS_(2) photodetector,whose detectivity is up to 3.9×10^(14)Jones,a value exceeding that of the previous plasmon-enhanced 2D photodetectors.The broadened spectral response range and the high detectivity originate from the hot electron injection,optical absorption enhancement,and strain effect supported by the plasmonic array.Furthermore,the designed plasmonic 2D photodetector supports self-powered photodetection,indicating promising potential in energy-free and portable optoelectronic systems.Our results demonstrate an effective method to construct high-performance broadband photodetectors,which can facilitate the development of 2D photodetectors in commercial applications.展开更多
Metal recovery from bottom ash was deemed to be significant to achieve a higher stability of bottom ash and recycle valuable extractable metals.In China,the existing rugged industrial production ignores the actual met...Metal recovery from bottom ash was deemed to be significant to achieve a higher stability of bottom ash and recycle valuable extractable metals.In China,the existing rugged industrial production ignores the actual metal distribution and thus fails to exploit the utilization potential of recoverable metals in bottom ash.Based on these findings,this work was proposed to obtain a comprehensive and in-depth study on the recoverability of metals in bottom ash.First,the particle size distribution and elemental composition of the bottom ash were analyzed.Then,complete information on the recoverable metals in bottom ash fractions with different sizes was obtained by washing,sorting,crushing,density separation and XRF(X Ray Fluorescence)analysis.The results showed that the smaller than 5 mm fraction accounted for up to 60%of the bottom ash,and the 5–20 mm fractions accounted for about 15%.The material characterization revealed that the contents of recoverable Fe,stainless steel,Al and Cu in bottom ash were averagely 9.01%,0.136%,0.78%and 0.08%,respectively.About 50%of Fe,68%of Al,61%of Cu,and 22%of stainless steel were distributed in smaller than 10 mm fraction.Particularly,Fe was evenly distributed among 0–2 mm,2–5 mm,5–10 mm fractions,and the content was between 5.41%and 7.5%.Non-magnetic stainless steel was mainly distributed in 20–40 mm and larger than 40 mm fractions.The highest share of Al was present in the fractions between 5 mm and 20 mm,accounting for 48%of the total aluminum.About 45.6%of the Cu was enriched in the 5–10 mm fraction.However,the Zn content was less than 0.01%.This work provides an in-depth understanding and information on metal recovery as well as promisingly guide ash utilization.展开更多
基金supported by the Project for Collaborative Promotion of Agricultural Major Technology of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2022XTTGCY01-02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31700615,32172633)+1 种基金the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(Grant No.CARS19-01A)the Special Project of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2020R52036)。
文摘The tea plant cultivar‘Zhonghuang 2'(ZH2)possesses albino-induced yellow leaves that contain low levels of catechins but high contents of amino acids.However,the molecular mechanism underlying the yellow leaf phenotype of ZH2 has not been elucidated clearly.In the current research,the yellow shoots(ZH2-Y)and naturally converted green shoots(ZH2-G)of ZH2 were studied using metabolic and proteomic profiling for a better understanding of the mechanism underlying phenotype formation.In total,107 differentially changed metabolites(DCMs)were identified from the GC-MS-based metabolomics,and 189 differentially accumulated proteins(DAPs)were identified from the tandem mass tag(TMT)-based quantitative proteomics.Subsequently,integrated analysis revealed that‘porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism',‘carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms',and‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis'pathways were commonly enriched for DAPs and DCMs.We further found that the inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis,the deficiency of photosynthetic proteins and the imbalance of the ROS-scavenging system were the crucial reasons responsible for the chlorosis,chloroplast abnormality and photooxidative damage of ZH2 leaves.Altogether,our research combines metabolomics and proteomics approaches to uncover the molecular mechanism leading to the yellow leaf phenotype of tea plants.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62131018,12104100)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2022A1515010027)+1 种基金Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project(SL2022A04J01205)Nanovision Technology(Beijing)Co.,Ltd.(607230264)。
文摘2D-material-based photodetectors enhanced by plasmonic nanostructures can support responsivity/detectivity several orders higher than commercial photodetectors,drawing extensive attention as promising candidates for the next-generation photodetectors.However,to boost the nanostructure-enhanced 2D photodetectors into real-world applications,crucial challenges lie in the design of broadband enhancing nanostructures and their scalable and position-controllable fabrication.Here,based on a broadband resonant plasmonic disk array fabricated by a scalable and position-controllable technique(direct writing photolithography),we present a visible-near infrared(405-1310 nm)2D WS_(2) photodetector,whose detectivity is up to 3.9×10^(14)Jones,a value exceeding that of the previous plasmon-enhanced 2D photodetectors.The broadened spectral response range and the high detectivity originate from the hot electron injection,optical absorption enhancement,and strain effect supported by the plasmonic array.Furthermore,the designed plasmonic 2D photodetector supports self-powered photodetection,indicating promising potential in energy-free and portable optoelectronic systems.Our results demonstrate an effective method to construct high-performance broadband photodetectors,which can facilitate the development of 2D photodetectors in commercial applications.
基金the project of the National Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.52170141)Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2021C03164,No.2022C03092),providing financial support for this work.
文摘Metal recovery from bottom ash was deemed to be significant to achieve a higher stability of bottom ash and recycle valuable extractable metals.In China,the existing rugged industrial production ignores the actual metal distribution and thus fails to exploit the utilization potential of recoverable metals in bottom ash.Based on these findings,this work was proposed to obtain a comprehensive and in-depth study on the recoverability of metals in bottom ash.First,the particle size distribution and elemental composition of the bottom ash were analyzed.Then,complete information on the recoverable metals in bottom ash fractions with different sizes was obtained by washing,sorting,crushing,density separation and XRF(X Ray Fluorescence)analysis.The results showed that the smaller than 5 mm fraction accounted for up to 60%of the bottom ash,and the 5–20 mm fractions accounted for about 15%.The material characterization revealed that the contents of recoverable Fe,stainless steel,Al and Cu in bottom ash were averagely 9.01%,0.136%,0.78%and 0.08%,respectively.About 50%of Fe,68%of Al,61%of Cu,and 22%of stainless steel were distributed in smaller than 10 mm fraction.Particularly,Fe was evenly distributed among 0–2 mm,2–5 mm,5–10 mm fractions,and the content was between 5.41%and 7.5%.Non-magnetic stainless steel was mainly distributed in 20–40 mm and larger than 40 mm fractions.The highest share of Al was present in the fractions between 5 mm and 20 mm,accounting for 48%of the total aluminum.About 45.6%of the Cu was enriched in the 5–10 mm fraction.However,the Zn content was less than 0.01%.This work provides an in-depth understanding and information on metal recovery as well as promisingly guide ash utilization.
