Airborne hyperspectral imaging spectrometers have been used for Earth observation over the past four decades.Despite the high sensitivity of push-broom hyperspectral imagers,they experience limited swath and wavelengt...Airborne hyperspectral imaging spectrometers have been used for Earth observation over the past four decades.Despite the high sensitivity of push-broom hyperspectral imagers,they experience limited swath and wavelength coverage.In this study,we report the development of a push-broom airborne multimodular imaging spectrometer(AMMIS)that spans ultraviolet(UV),visible near-infrared(VNIR),shortwave infrared(SWIR),and thermal infrared(TIR)wavelengths.As an integral part of China's HighResolution Earth Observation Program,AMMIS is intended for civilian applications and for validating key technologies for future spaceborne hyperspectral payloads.It has been mounted on aircraft platforms such as Y-5,Y-12,and XZ-60.Since 2016,AMMIS has been used to perform more than 30 flight campaigns and gather more than 200 TB of hyperspectral data.This study describes the system design,calibration techniques,performance tests,flight campaigns,and applications of the AMMIS.The system integrates UV,VNIR,SWIR,and TIR modules,which can be operated in combination or individually based on the application requirements.Each module includes three spectrometers,utilizing field-of-view(FOV)stitching technology to achieve a 40°FOV,thereby enhancing operational efficiency.We designed advanced optical systems for all modules,particularly for the TIR module,and employed cryogenic optical technology to maintain optical system stability at 100 K.Both laboratory and in-flight calibrations were conducted to improve preprocessing accuracy and produce high-quality hyperspectral data.The AMMIS features more than 1400 spectral bands,with spectral sampling intervals of 0.1 nm for UV,2.4 nm for VNIR,3 nm for SWIR,and 32 nm for TIR.In addition,the instantaneous fields of view(IFoVs)for the four modules were 0.5,0.25,0.5,and 1 mrad,respectively,with the VNIR module achieving an IFoV of 0.125 mrad in the high-spatial-resolution mode.This study reports on land-cover surveys,pollution gas detection,mineral exploration,coastal water detection,and plant investigations conducted using AMMIS,highlighting its excellent performance.Furthermore,we present three hyperspectral datasets with diverse scene distributions and categories suitable for developing artificial intelligence algorithms.This study paves the way for next-generation airborne and spaceborne hyperspectral payloads and serves as a valuable reference for hyperspectral sensor designers and data users.展开更多
Due to the limitations of the raw materials and processes involved,polyolefin separators used in commercial lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have gradually failed to meet the increasing requirements of high-end batteries in...Due to the limitations of the raw materials and processes involved,polyolefin separators used in commercial lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have gradually failed to meet the increasing requirements of high-end batteries in terms of energy density,power density,and safety.Hence,it is very important to develop next-generation separators for advanced lithium(Li)-based recharge-able batteries including LIBs and Li-S batteries.Nonwoven nanofiber membranes fabricated via electrospinning technology are highly attractive candidates for high-end separators due to their simple processes,low-cost equipment,controllable microporous structure,wide material applicability,and availability of multiple functions.In this review,the electrospinning technologies for separators are reviewed in terms of devices,process and environment,and polymer solution systems.Furthermore,strategies toward the improvement of electrospun separators in advanced LIBs and Li-S batteries are presented in terms of the compositions and the structure of nanofibers and separators.Finally,the challenges and prospects of electrospun separators in both academia and industry are proposed.We anticipate that these systematic discussions can provide information in terms of commercial applications of electrospun separators and offer new perspectives for the design of functional electrospun separators for advanced Li-based batteries.展开更多
[ Objective] This study aimed to screen yeast strains suitable for high temperature processing of formulated biological feed. [ Method ] High temperature resistance and culture conditions of six yeast strains were inv...[ Objective] This study aimed to screen yeast strains suitable for high temperature processing of formulated biological feed. [ Method ] High temperature resistance and culture conditions of six yeast strains were investigated. [Result] Two yeast strains resistant to high temperature （45 ℃ ） with high viable cell number （10^8 cells/ml） were screened, including DQFC2117-1 and DQFC2122-2. [ Conclusion] Strains DQFC2117-1 and DQFC2122-2 could be used as high temperature resistant yeast strains for processing of formulated biological feed.展开更多
Today we are in a technologically explosive information society. The cross-</span></span><span style="white-space:normal;"><span style="font-family:""> </span&g...Today we are in a technologically explosive information society. The cross-</span></span><span style="white-space:normal;"><span style="font-family:""> </span></span><span style="white-space:normal;"><span style="font-family:"">border integration of manufacturing and construction is prefabricated buildings. The cross-border integration of construction and IT is BIM technology, and the emergence of BIM technology provides new ideas for prefabricated building, and the integration of prefabricated building and BIM technology realizes the construction industrialization. This paper studies the application of BIM technology in prefabricated buildings, including the design phase, construction and assembly phase, operation and maintenance phase, and application analysis of related software, so as to improve the high efficiency, high quality and high precision development of prefabricated projects, and promote domestic green environmental protection. The development of the construction industry provides reference value for the application of BIM technology in prefabricated buildings.展开更多
Construction project management is an important aspect of civil engineering construction. How to use scientific and efficient methods to effectively man</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a...Construction project management is an important aspect of civil engineering construction. How to use scientific and efficient methods to effectively man</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">age construction projects is the focus of construction project development un</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">der the current situation. This article discusses the application of fuzzy mathematics in construction project management. The study found that in the process of construction project management, it was found that a single fuzzy </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mathematical method was difficult to adapt to the current complex and cha</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ngeable construction projects. Combining fuzzy mathematics with other man</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">agement methods and computer applications can better simplify complex</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> things, reduce human subjectivity, increase calculation speed, and achieve a combination of qualitative and quantitative research;selection of optimization schemes and risk assessment, etc. All have a good effect, and can better </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">deal with possible or uncertain things and emergencies in the process of pr</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">oject management. At the same time, combining fuzzy mathematics with heuristic algorithms or meta-heuristic algorithms can make research more objective, improve management efficiency and calculation speed.展开更多
In the rapid development of modern cities, the construction of green low-car</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">- </span><span style="whit...In the rapid development of modern cities, the construction of green low-car</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">- </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">bon livable cities and the realization of energy-saving and beautification of buildings </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">are</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:""> now being strongly promoted and ha</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">ve</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">become an important indicator of urban development. With the implementation of green building and BIM technology, the combination of BIM technology with green building is a new momentum in the development of the construction industry. The application of BIM can make the quantitative management of green buildings in the whole life cycle, get rid of the shackles of traditional models, make the design and construction process more accurate, and also make the whole pro</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">cess of green buildings more standardized. Among them, the core of BIM is the information model, and the core of green building is: low energy consum</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">ption, green and sustainable. This paper firstly explains the concepts and advantages of BIM technology and green building, and separately elaborates the significance of using both in the construction field. Secondly, the current development status of BIM technology and green building is obtained by studying and analyzing the development status and connection between them. Finally, combining BIM technology in the whole life cycle of green building, analyzing the current situation and advantages and disadvantages of using the combination of green building and BIM in actual engineering, clarifying the importance of using BIM in the whole life cycle of green building, and highlighting the combination of BIM technology and the whole life cycle of green building as an important tool for the future development of the construction industry.展开更多
Lithium(Li)metal is a potential anode for high-energy-density batteries because of its low potential and ultrahigh capacity.Nevertheless,the Li dendrites formation,the ununiform Li deposition,and the growth of Li dend...Lithium(Li)metal is a potential anode for high-energy-density batteries because of its low potential and ultrahigh capacity.Nevertheless,the Li dendrites formation,the ununiform Li deposition,and the growth of Li dendrites hamper its application,especially under high deposition capacity/high rate.Here,a spatially controlled Li deposition mode with array-oriented morphology is achieved based on the novel mixed ion/electron-conducting Li_(x)Cu_(y)P_(z) arrays constructed on Cu foil,which can be facile fabricated via an in-situ transformation of metal phosphide.Theoretic calculations indicate the excellent lithiophilicity and low Li diffusion barrier of the arrays,especially for the Li_(2)CuP phase,which are conducive to ho-mogenizing the Li nucleation/deposition of Li.Moreover,such mixed conducting arrays promote fast Li+diffusion via the continuous Li+pathways as well as modulate the Li+flux/electric field.Furthermore,the arrays with enlarged specific surface area and open spaces reduce the local current density and alle-viate the volume fluctuation of Li.Consequently,a dendrite-free Li anode is obtained under a high rate(20 mA cm^(–2))or a high deposition capacity(10 mAh cm^(–2)).In addition,even if the negative/positive ratio reduces to only 1.1,the full cells still perform outstanding stability for over 200 cycles.This work empha-sizes the importance of the design of the framework in terms of the intrinsic properties and structure and reveals a pathway for developing Li metal batteries.展开更多
Motivated by the fascinating progresses in the cold atom experiments and theories,especially the artificial gauge field induced spin–orbit coupling of neutral atoms,we present a novel dispersion of neutral atoms carr...Motivated by the fascinating progresses in the cold atom experiments and theories,especially the artificial gauge field induced spin–orbit coupling of neutral atoms,we present a novel dispersion of neutral atoms carrying a non-vanishing magnetic moment in a special gauge field,an external electric field of dark-soliton shaped profile.By means of WKB approximation,we obtain discrete quantized landau-like energy levels,which is instructive for the quantum Hall effect of neutral particles.The observability of the results is also discussed.展开更多
Reservoir plays an important role in the allocation and rational use of water resources, especially water resources in China are centrally distributed in the western region, and large reservoirs should be built to mee...Reservoir plays an important role in the allocation and rational use of water resources, especially water resources in China are centrally distributed in the western region, and large reservoirs should be built to meet the people’s livelihood needs of each region.</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">The construction of large reservoirs has numerous risks, the clarity of these risks helps us to better plan and make decisions before implementing the project.</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">Search through literature reading and professional information, determined 11 risk factors in the construction phase of the reservoir construction project case, construct a risk influencing factor system under the application of ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling). Studies have shown that the risks of strategic guidelines and policies and changes in infrastructure planning have the deepest impact on construction risk management. Among them, the strategic policy risk is the root impact, and the impact of the infrastructure planning change risk has a far-reaching impact. Through the above conclusions, providing management countermeasures and suggestions for the risk control of reservoir construction.展开更多
Multi-subsoiler collaboration plays a significant role in improving the efficiency of subsoiling.High tillage resistance during subsoiling seriously affects consumption,and the excessive soil disturbance may result in...Multi-subsoiler collaboration plays a significant role in improving the efficiency of subsoiling.High tillage resistance during subsoiling seriously affects consumption,and the excessive soil disturbance may result in an increase in the amount of water that evaporates from the soil,which is unfavorable for water conservation.However,the space arrangement and types of subsoiler are key parameters for design of a set of subsoilers and have a major effect on tillage resistance and soil disturbance,which is a critical performance indicator of subsoiling.In this paper,a set of subsoiler models were developed using DEM.A field experiment was conducted in the sowing season in an experimental field of 1 hm2 with black soil of Juliangtun Village,Liaoning Province.In both the simulation and experiment,six types of subsoilers(TC-SM,TC-SC,TA-SM,TA-SC,TDW-SM,and TDW-SC)were investigated at three different spacing arrangements(500,600,and 700 mm),a constant vertical distance between the front and back subsoilers(500 mm),a constant working speed(3 km/h),and a constant working depth(400 mm).The mechanism of resistance was analyzed.The results showed that the tillage resistances of the six types of subsoilers were in the descending order of F_(TDW-SC)>F_(TA-SC)>F_(TC-SC)>F_(TDW-SM)>F_(TA-SM)>F_(TC-SM).The field test showed that TC-SM with 600 mm spacing produced stable fluctuations with less tillage resistance.The variance analysis and regression equation testing of the experimental results were analyzed to enhance their scientific rigor.The analysis showed that the significances of each factor on the results were in the descending order of shank,space,and tine.The optimal configuration may be with spacing of 600 mm,tine of TC,and shank of SM,which is consistent with the field test and theoretical analysis.Tillage resistance of the DEM simulation was less than that of the field experiment,with an error of less than 10%,due to ignoring the effect of crop roots,straw residue,stones,or blunt tine and shank,which confirms the authenticity of simulation.The effect of spacing on soil disturbance behavior indicates that a mixed soil structure with moderate soil disturbance and soil porosity ratio and a spacing of 600 mm would be a good choice.This study provides an important foundation in selecting spacing for subsoiling to achieve an optimal soil tillage condition.展开更多
Gas-solid granular flows are widely used in multiple industrial applications.The Multiphase Particle-In-Cell(MP-PIC)method is increasingly recognized for its capability to effciently model these industrialscale gas-so...Gas-solid granular flows are widely used in multiple industrial applications.The Multiphase Particle-In-Cell(MP-PIC)method is increasingly recognized for its capability to effciently model these industrialscale gas-solid granular flows.The solid stress model is crucial in MP-PIC method;however,its influence on the simulation results has not been thoroughly investigated.In this work,the pseudo-2D bubbling fluidized bed is modeled using MP-PIC method in OpenFOAM,in which the experiment operates at twice the minimum fluidization velocity condition using glass bead as the bed material.We primarily investigate the variation of the inter-particle solid stress values in the bed and its influence on the simulation results across a range of solid stress model parameters.The simulation results including bubble size,aspect ratio,and pressure drop and bed height,have been compared with the corresponding experimental data and empirical correlation.Sensitivity analysis narrows down the solid stress model parameter space and identify the most sensitive parameter is the close-packed volume fraction of particles.Results demonstrate that solid stress plays a significant role in dense particle flow,making particles more dispersed.Increasing solid stress reduces bubble size,aspect ratio,and pressure drop fluctuations,with minimal impact on bed height and average pressure drop.By comparing simulations and experiments,the optimal parameters of the model are determined.Moreover,the obtained optimal parameters effectively predict gas-solid flow across varying fluidization velocities and three-dimensional fluidized beds.This study provides a detailed analysis of solid stress effects,offering a more comprehensive understanding of the parameters for future MP-PIC simulations and validations.展开更多
The administration time is a critical but long-neglected point in cell therapy based on macrophages because the incorrect time of macrophage administration could result in diverse outcomes regarding the same macrophag...The administration time is a critical but long-neglected point in cell therapy based on macrophages because the incorrect time of macrophage administration could result in diverse outcomes regarding the same macrophage therapy.In this work,the second near-infrared(NIR-II)fluorescence imaging in vivo tracking of M2 macrophages during a pro-healing therapy in the mice model of rotator cuff injury revealed that the behavior of administrated macrophages was influenced by the timing of their administration.The delayed cell therapy(DCT)group had a longer retention time of injected M2 macrophages in the repairing tissue than that in the immediate cell therapy(ICT)group.Both Keller-Segel model and histological analysis further demonstrated that DCT altered the chemotaxis of M2 macrophages and improved the healing outcome of the repaired structure in comparison with ICT.Our results offer a possible explanation of previous conflicting results on reparative cell therapy and provoke reconsideration of the timing of these therapies.展开更多
Complementary to brain-computer interface(BCI)based on motor imagery(MI)task,sensory imagery(SI)task provides a way for BCI construction using brain activity from somatosensory cortex.The underlying neurophysiological...Complementary to brain-computer interface(BCI)based on motor imagery(MI)task,sensory imagery(SI)task provides a way for BCI construction using brain activity from somatosensory cortex.The underlying neurophysiological correlation between SI and MI was unclear and difficult to measure through behavior recording.In this study,we investigated the underlying neurodynamic of motor/tactile imagery and tactile sensation tasks through a high-density electroencephalogram(EEG)recording,and EEG source imaging was used to systematically explore the cortical activation differences and correlations between the tasks.In the experiment,participants were instructed to perform the left and right hand tasks in MI paradigm,sensory stimulation(SS)paradigm and SI paradigm.The statistical results demonstrated that the imagined MI and SI tasks differed from each other within ipsilateral sensorimotor scouts,frontal and right temporal areas inαbands,whereas real SS and imagined SI showed a similar activation pattern.The similarity between SS and SI may provide a way to train the BCI system,while the difference between MI and SI may provide a way to integrate the discriminative information between them to enhance BCI performance.The combination of the tasks and its underlying neurodynamic would provide a new approach for BCI designation for a wider application.BCI studies concentrate on the hybrid decoding method combining MI or SI with SS,but the underlining neurophysiological correlates between them were unclear.MI and SI differed from each other within the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex in alpha bands.This is a first study to investigate the neurophysiological relationship between MI and SI through an EEG source imaging approach from high-density EEG recording.展开更多
Wheeled-legged robots integrate the mobility efficiency of wheeled platforms with the terrain adaptability of legged robots,making them ideal for complex,unstructured environments.However,balancing high payload capaci...Wheeled-legged robots integrate the mobility efficiency of wheeled platforms with the terrain adaptability of legged robots,making them ideal for complex,unstructured environments.However,balancing high payload capacity with agile multimodal locomotion remains a major challenge.This paper presents a field study conducted in the high-altitude region of Golmud,Qinghai,with elevations ranging from 2800 m to 4000 m.We evaluate three wheeled-legged robot platforms of different scales on diverse terrains including Gobi,desert,grassland,and wetlands.Our experiments demonstrate the robot's robust locomotion performance across multimodal tasks such as obstacle crossing,slope climbing,and terrain classification.Moreover,we validate the performance of autonomous perception systems,including real-time localization and 3D mapping,under harsh plateau conditions.The results provide valuable insights into the deployment of wheeled-legged robots in extreme natural environments and lay a solid foundation for future applications in inspection,rescue,and transport missions in high-altitude regions.展开更多
Metal-organic frameworks （MOFs） have been emerging as important multifunctional hybrid materials, not only due to the diversify framework architectures, but also contribute to the rich interactions among metals, lig...Metal-organic frameworks （MOFs） have been emerging as important multifunctional hybrid materials, not only due to the diversify framework architectures, but also contribute to the rich interactions among metals, ligands and vips. Nitro explosives have important influences tbr environmental protection and national homeland security, in this review, a brief description of luminescent MOFs is presented, accompanied by a short comment on the four types of metal-based luminescent MOFs as sensing materials for nitro explosives detection. Then the trends and challenges of luminescent MOFs as sensing materials ibr nitro explosives are also prospected.展开更多
Subsoiling has been widely used all over the world as an important operation method of no-tillage farming.For energy-saving and life-extension,the tillage resistance and wear-corrosion of subsoilers have attracted wid...Subsoiling has been widely used all over the world as an important operation method of no-tillage farming.For energy-saving and life-extension,the tillage resistance and wear-corrosion of subsoilers have attracted wide attention.In this study,the tillage resistance,soil disturbance,wear and corrosion of subsoiler with S-T-SK-2#biomimetic structures(S means subsoiler;T means tine;SK means shank;2#,h/s=0.57,h=5 mm andα=45°.)and self-healing coating under two seasons,two locations with different soil properties(black loam and clay soil)and subsoiling speeds(2 km/h and 3.6 km/h)were investigated.The soil moisture content and compactness affected the tillage resistance and wear-corrosion.The tillage resistance and degree of corrosion on all subsoilers were much larger in clay soil than that in black loam soil.Compared with S-T-SK-2#,the tillage reduction rate of C-S-T-SK-2#(S-T-SK-2#with self-healing coating)was up to 14.32%in clay soil under the speed of 2 km/h.The significance tests of regression equation results showed that subsoiler type and soil properties had a significant impact on soil disturbance coefficient,swelling of total soil layer,bulkiness of the plough pan.It is of a guiding significance for the analysis of soil disturbance.Synergism mechanism of subsoiler coupling with biomimetic structures and self-healing coating was analyzed in following.It depicted the guiding effect of biomimetic structure and the shield function of self-healing coating,resulting in anticorrosion and wear resistance of subsoiler.展开更多
Dear editor,The prognosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)has been significantly improvedwith the development and widespread use of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)pathway inhibitors and mammalian targ...Dear editor,The prognosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)has been significantly improvedwith the development and widespread use of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)pathway inhibitors and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway inhibitors[1].For the past decade,the standard of care utilized in the first-line setting was VEGF-targeted therapies.Recently,the mRCC treatment landscape has rapidly changed with the exploration of combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)and anti-VEGF agents[2,3].展开更多
基金supported by the Shanghai Industrial Collaborative Innovation Fund(HCXBCY-2021-001)the Academy of Finland(349229)。
文摘Airborne hyperspectral imaging spectrometers have been used for Earth observation over the past four decades.Despite the high sensitivity of push-broom hyperspectral imagers,they experience limited swath and wavelength coverage.In this study,we report the development of a push-broom airborne multimodular imaging spectrometer(AMMIS)that spans ultraviolet(UV),visible near-infrared(VNIR),shortwave infrared(SWIR),and thermal infrared(TIR)wavelengths.As an integral part of China's HighResolution Earth Observation Program,AMMIS is intended for civilian applications and for validating key technologies for future spaceborne hyperspectral payloads.It has been mounted on aircraft platforms such as Y-5,Y-12,and XZ-60.Since 2016,AMMIS has been used to perform more than 30 flight campaigns and gather more than 200 TB of hyperspectral data.This study describes the system design,calibration techniques,performance tests,flight campaigns,and applications of the AMMIS.The system integrates UV,VNIR,SWIR,and TIR modules,which can be operated in combination or individually based on the application requirements.Each module includes three spectrometers,utilizing field-of-view(FOV)stitching technology to achieve a 40°FOV,thereby enhancing operational efficiency.We designed advanced optical systems for all modules,particularly for the TIR module,and employed cryogenic optical technology to maintain optical system stability at 100 K.Both laboratory and in-flight calibrations were conducted to improve preprocessing accuracy and produce high-quality hyperspectral data.The AMMIS features more than 1400 spectral bands,with spectral sampling intervals of 0.1 nm for UV,2.4 nm for VNIR,3 nm for SWIR,and 32 nm for TIR.In addition,the instantaneous fields of view(IFoVs)for the four modules were 0.5,0.25,0.5,and 1 mrad,respectively,with the VNIR module achieving an IFoV of 0.125 mrad in the high-spatial-resolution mode.This study reports on land-cover surveys,pollution gas detection,mineral exploration,coastal water detection,and plant investigations conducted using AMMIS,highlighting its excellent performance.Furthermore,we present three hyperspectral datasets with diverse scene distributions and categories suitable for developing artificial intelligence algorithms.This study paves the way for next-generation airborne and spaceborne hyperspectral payloads and serves as a valuable reference for hyperspectral sensor designers and data users.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from Dagong Equipment Manufacturing(Tianjin)Co.,Ltd.(53H23019)the Tianjin Research Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students(2022BKYZ037)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22179093).
文摘Due to the limitations of the raw materials and processes involved,polyolefin separators used in commercial lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have gradually failed to meet the increasing requirements of high-end batteries in terms of energy density,power density,and safety.Hence,it is very important to develop next-generation separators for advanced lithium(Li)-based recharge-able batteries including LIBs and Li-S batteries.Nonwoven nanofiber membranes fabricated via electrospinning technology are highly attractive candidates for high-end separators due to their simple processes,low-cost equipment,controllable microporous structure,wide material applicability,and availability of multiple functions.In this review,the electrospinning technologies for separators are reviewed in terms of devices,process and environment,and polymer solution systems.Furthermore,strategies toward the improvement of electrospun separators in advanced LIBs and Li-S batteries are presented in terms of the compositions and the structure of nanofibers and separators.Finally,the challenges and prospects of electrospun separators in both academia and industry are proposed.We anticipate that these systematic discussions can provide information in terms of commercial applications of electrospun separators and offer new perspectives for the design of functional electrospun separators for advanced Li-based batteries.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Basic and Applied Research from the Finance Department of Heilongjiang Province
文摘[ Objective] This study aimed to screen yeast strains suitable for high temperature processing of formulated biological feed. [ Method ] High temperature resistance and culture conditions of six yeast strains were investigated. [Result] Two yeast strains resistant to high temperature （45 ℃ ） with high viable cell number （10^8 cells/ml） were screened, including DQFC2117-1 and DQFC2122-2. [ Conclusion] Strains DQFC2117-1 and DQFC2122-2 could be used as high temperature resistant yeast strains for processing of formulated biological feed.
文摘Today we are in a technologically explosive information society. The cross-</span></span><span style="white-space:normal;"><span style="font-family:""> </span></span><span style="white-space:normal;"><span style="font-family:"">border integration of manufacturing and construction is prefabricated buildings. The cross-border integration of construction and IT is BIM technology, and the emergence of BIM technology provides new ideas for prefabricated building, and the integration of prefabricated building and BIM technology realizes the construction industrialization. This paper studies the application of BIM technology in prefabricated buildings, including the design phase, construction and assembly phase, operation and maintenance phase, and application analysis of related software, so as to improve the high efficiency, high quality and high precision development of prefabricated projects, and promote domestic green environmental protection. The development of the construction industry provides reference value for the application of BIM technology in prefabricated buildings.
文摘Construction project management is an important aspect of civil engineering construction. How to use scientific and efficient methods to effectively man</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">age construction projects is the focus of construction project development un</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">der the current situation. This article discusses the application of fuzzy mathematics in construction project management. The study found that in the process of construction project management, it was found that a single fuzzy </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mathematical method was difficult to adapt to the current complex and cha</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ngeable construction projects. Combining fuzzy mathematics with other man</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">agement methods and computer applications can better simplify complex</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> things, reduce human subjectivity, increase calculation speed, and achieve a combination of qualitative and quantitative research;selection of optimization schemes and risk assessment, etc. All have a good effect, and can better </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">deal with possible or uncertain things and emergencies in the process of pr</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">oject management. At the same time, combining fuzzy mathematics with heuristic algorithms or meta-heuristic algorithms can make research more objective, improve management efficiency and calculation speed.
文摘In the rapid development of modern cities, the construction of green low-car</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">- </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">bon livable cities and the realization of energy-saving and beautification of buildings </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">are</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:""> now being strongly promoted and ha</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">ve</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">become an important indicator of urban development. With the implementation of green building and BIM technology, the combination of BIM technology with green building is a new momentum in the development of the construction industry. The application of BIM can make the quantitative management of green buildings in the whole life cycle, get rid of the shackles of traditional models, make the design and construction process more accurate, and also make the whole pro</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">cess of green buildings more standardized. Among them, the core of BIM is the information model, and the core of green building is: low energy consum</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">ption, green and sustainable. This paper firstly explains the concepts and advantages of BIM technology and green building, and separately elaborates the significance of using both in the construction field. Secondly, the current development status of BIM technology and green building is obtained by studying and analyzing the development status and connection between them. Finally, combining BIM technology in the whole life cycle of green building, analyzing the current situation and advantages and disadvantages of using the combination of green building and BIM in actual engineering, clarifying the importance of using BIM in the whole life cycle of green building, and highlighting the combination of BIM technology and the whole life cycle of green building as an important tool for the future development of the construction industry.
基金This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.20JCQNJC00500)。
文摘Lithium(Li)metal is a potential anode for high-energy-density batteries because of its low potential and ultrahigh capacity.Nevertheless,the Li dendrites formation,the ununiform Li deposition,and the growth of Li dendrites hamper its application,especially under high deposition capacity/high rate.Here,a spatially controlled Li deposition mode with array-oriented morphology is achieved based on the novel mixed ion/electron-conducting Li_(x)Cu_(y)P_(z) arrays constructed on Cu foil,which can be facile fabricated via an in-situ transformation of metal phosphide.Theoretic calculations indicate the excellent lithiophilicity and low Li diffusion barrier of the arrays,especially for the Li_(2)CuP phase,which are conducive to ho-mogenizing the Li nucleation/deposition of Li.Moreover,such mixed conducting arrays promote fast Li+diffusion via the continuous Li+pathways as well as modulate the Li+flux/electric field.Furthermore,the arrays with enlarged specific surface area and open spaces reduce the local current density and alle-viate the volume fluctuation of Li.Consequently,a dendrite-free Li anode is obtained under a high rate(20 mA cm^(–2))or a high deposition capacity(10 mAh cm^(–2)).In addition,even if the negative/positive ratio reduces to only 1.1,the full cells still perform outstanding stability for over 200 cycles.This work empha-sizes the importance of the design of the framework in terms of the intrinsic properties and structure and reveals a pathway for developing Li metal batteries.
基金Project supported by China Scholarship Council,Shanxi Province Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.201601D011009)the Enterprise Project(Grant No.01110116100051)+1 种基金Shanxi 1331KSC and 111 Project(Grant No.D18001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11404415 and 61873154)
文摘Motivated by the fascinating progresses in the cold atom experiments and theories,especially the artificial gauge field induced spin–orbit coupling of neutral atoms,we present a novel dispersion of neutral atoms carrying a non-vanishing magnetic moment in a special gauge field,an external electric field of dark-soliton shaped profile.By means of WKB approximation,we obtain discrete quantized landau-like energy levels,which is instructive for the quantum Hall effect of neutral particles.The observability of the results is also discussed.
文摘Reservoir plays an important role in the allocation and rational use of water resources, especially water resources in China are centrally distributed in the western region, and large reservoirs should be built to meet the people’s livelihood needs of each region.</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">The construction of large reservoirs has numerous risks, the clarity of these risks helps us to better plan and make decisions before implementing the project.</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:"">Search through literature reading and professional information, determined 11 risk factors in the construction phase of the reservoir construction project case, construct a risk influencing factor system under the application of ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling). Studies have shown that the risks of strategic guidelines and policies and changes in infrastructure planning have the deepest impact on construction risk management. Among them, the strategic policy risk is the root impact, and the impact of the infrastructure planning change risk has a far-reaching impact. Through the above conclusions, providing management countermeasures and suggestions for the risk control of reservoir construction.
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LQ23E050007)Huzhou Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2022ZD2068)+1 种基金Huzhou Science and Technology Special Commissioner Project(Grant No.2023KT75)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFD1500600).
文摘Multi-subsoiler collaboration plays a significant role in improving the efficiency of subsoiling.High tillage resistance during subsoiling seriously affects consumption,and the excessive soil disturbance may result in an increase in the amount of water that evaporates from the soil,which is unfavorable for water conservation.However,the space arrangement and types of subsoiler are key parameters for design of a set of subsoilers and have a major effect on tillage resistance and soil disturbance,which is a critical performance indicator of subsoiling.In this paper,a set of subsoiler models were developed using DEM.A field experiment was conducted in the sowing season in an experimental field of 1 hm2 with black soil of Juliangtun Village,Liaoning Province.In both the simulation and experiment,six types of subsoilers(TC-SM,TC-SC,TA-SM,TA-SC,TDW-SM,and TDW-SC)were investigated at three different spacing arrangements(500,600,and 700 mm),a constant vertical distance between the front and back subsoilers(500 mm),a constant working speed(3 km/h),and a constant working depth(400 mm).The mechanism of resistance was analyzed.The results showed that the tillage resistances of the six types of subsoilers were in the descending order of F_(TDW-SC)>F_(TA-SC)>F_(TC-SC)>F_(TDW-SM)>F_(TA-SM)>F_(TC-SM).The field test showed that TC-SM with 600 mm spacing produced stable fluctuations with less tillage resistance.The variance analysis and regression equation testing of the experimental results were analyzed to enhance their scientific rigor.The analysis showed that the significances of each factor on the results were in the descending order of shank,space,and tine.The optimal configuration may be with spacing of 600 mm,tine of TC,and shank of SM,which is consistent with the field test and theoretical analysis.Tillage resistance of the DEM simulation was less than that of the field experiment,with an error of less than 10%,due to ignoring the effect of crop roots,straw residue,stones,or blunt tine and shank,which confirms the authenticity of simulation.The effect of spacing on soil disturbance behavior indicates that a mixed soil structure with moderate soil disturbance and soil porosity ratio and a spacing of 600 mm would be a good choice.This study provides an important foundation in selecting spacing for subsoiling to achieve an optimal soil tillage condition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.52106135 and No.51976037)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(grant No.BK20210241).
文摘Gas-solid granular flows are widely used in multiple industrial applications.The Multiphase Particle-In-Cell(MP-PIC)method is increasingly recognized for its capability to effciently model these industrialscale gas-solid granular flows.The solid stress model is crucial in MP-PIC method;however,its influence on the simulation results has not been thoroughly investigated.In this work,the pseudo-2D bubbling fluidized bed is modeled using MP-PIC method in OpenFOAM,in which the experiment operates at twice the minimum fluidization velocity condition using glass bead as the bed material.We primarily investigate the variation of the inter-particle solid stress values in the bed and its influence on the simulation results across a range of solid stress model parameters.The simulation results including bubble size,aspect ratio,and pressure drop and bed height,have been compared with the corresponding experimental data and empirical correlation.Sensitivity analysis narrows down the solid stress model parameter space and identify the most sensitive parameter is the close-packed volume fraction of particles.Results demonstrate that solid stress plays a significant role in dense particle flow,making particles more dispersed.Increasing solid stress reduces bubble size,aspect ratio,and pressure drop fluctuations,with minimal impact on bed height and average pressure drop.By comparing simulations and experiments,the optimal parameters of the model are determined.Moreover,the obtained optimal parameters effectively predict gas-solid flow across varying fluidization velocities and three-dimensional fluidized beds.This study provides a detailed analysis of solid stress effects,offering a more comprehensive understanding of the parameters for future MP-PIC simulations and validations.
基金the approval of ethics by Ethics Committee of Fudan University(No.202208005Z)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81972129,82072521,82111530200)+1 种基金Shanghai Talent Development Funding Scheme(No.2020080)Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(Nos.22DZ2204900,23ZR1445700)。
文摘The administration time is a critical but long-neglected point in cell therapy based on macrophages because the incorrect time of macrophage administration could result in diverse outcomes regarding the same macrophage therapy.In this work,the second near-infrared(NIR-II)fluorescence imaging in vivo tracking of M2 macrophages during a pro-healing therapy in the mice model of rotator cuff injury revealed that the behavior of administrated macrophages was influenced by the timing of their administration.The delayed cell therapy(DCT)group had a longer retention time of injected M2 macrophages in the repairing tissue than that in the immediate cell therapy(ICT)group.Both Keller-Segel model and histological analysis further demonstrated that DCT altered the chemotaxis of M2 macrophages and improved the healing outcome of the repaired structure in comparison with ICT.Our results offer a possible explanation of previous conflicting results on reparative cell therapy and provoke reconsideration of the timing of these therapies.
基金supported in part by the STI 2030-Major Projects under grant 2021ZD0200400the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant 62336007+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang under grant 2023C03003the Starry Night Science Fund of Zhejiang University Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study under grant SN-ZJU-SIAS-002the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,the Project for Hangzhou Medical Disciplines of Excellencethe Key Project for Hangzhou Medical Disciplines.
文摘Complementary to brain-computer interface(BCI)based on motor imagery(MI)task,sensory imagery(SI)task provides a way for BCI construction using brain activity from somatosensory cortex.The underlying neurophysiological correlation between SI and MI was unclear and difficult to measure through behavior recording.In this study,we investigated the underlying neurodynamic of motor/tactile imagery and tactile sensation tasks through a high-density electroencephalogram(EEG)recording,and EEG source imaging was used to systematically explore the cortical activation differences and correlations between the tasks.In the experiment,participants were instructed to perform the left and right hand tasks in MI paradigm,sensory stimulation(SS)paradigm and SI paradigm.The statistical results demonstrated that the imagined MI and SI tasks differed from each other within ipsilateral sensorimotor scouts,frontal and right temporal areas inαbands,whereas real SS and imagined SI showed a similar activation pattern.The similarity between SS and SI may provide a way to train the BCI system,while the difference between MI and SI may provide a way to integrate the discriminative information between them to enhance BCI performance.The combination of the tasks and its underlying neurodynamic would provide a new approach for BCI designation for a wider application.BCI studies concentrate on the hybrid decoding method combining MI or SI with SS,but the underlining neurophysiological correlates between them were unclear.MI and SI differed from each other within the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex in alpha bands.This is a first study to investigate the neurophysiological relationship between MI and SI through an EEG source imaging approach from high-density EEG recording.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of china(2022YFB4701500 and 2024YFB4708705)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52475021,52305024 and 52205012)+2 种基金in part by the Natural Science Foundation of jiangsu Province,China(BK20230928)in part by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,China(2023M731690)in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(30923011029).
文摘Wheeled-legged robots integrate the mobility efficiency of wheeled platforms with the terrain adaptability of legged robots,making them ideal for complex,unstructured environments.However,balancing high payload capacity with agile multimodal locomotion remains a major challenge.This paper presents a field study conducted in the high-altitude region of Golmud,Qinghai,with elevations ranging from 2800 m to 4000 m.We evaluate three wheeled-legged robot platforms of different scales on diverse terrains including Gobi,desert,grassland,and wetlands.Our experiments demonstrate the robot's robust locomotion performance across multimodal tasks such as obstacle crossing,slope climbing,and terrain classification.Moreover,we validate the performance of autonomous perception systems,including real-time localization and 3D mapping,under harsh plateau conditions.The results provide valuable insights into the deployment of wheeled-legged robots in extreme natural environments and lay a solid foundation for future applications in inspection,rescue,and transport missions in high-altitude regions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21301005)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (1408085QB31)the open fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (KFK201508)
文摘Metal-organic frameworks （MOFs） have been emerging as important multifunctional hybrid materials, not only due to the diversify framework architectures, but also contribute to the rich interactions among metals, ligands and vips. Nitro explosives have important influences tbr environmental protection and national homeland security, in this review, a brief description of luminescent MOFs is presented, accompanied by a short comment on the four types of metal-based luminescent MOFs as sensing materials for nitro explosives detection. Then the trends and challenges of luminescent MOFs as sensing materials ibr nitro explosives are also prospected.
基金This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.Q23E050025)Huzhou Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2022ZD2068)+5 种基金Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department(Grant No.Y202145948)Huzhou University School-Level Scientific Research Projects(Grant No.2021XJKJ01)Cross Project of Zhejiang Fubai Material Technology Co.,Ltd(Grant No.HK33176)Cross Project of Zhejiang Aobo Quartz Technology Co.,Ltd(Grant No.HK33312),Zhejiang Province Basic Public Welfare Research Program(Grant No.LGG21E010002)Unveiling the Commander Special Plan for Scientific and Technological Research of Liaoning Province(Grant No.2021JH1/10400039)Science and Technology Research and Industrialization Project of Liaoning Province(Grant No.2020JH2/10200024).
文摘Subsoiling has been widely used all over the world as an important operation method of no-tillage farming.For energy-saving and life-extension,the tillage resistance and wear-corrosion of subsoilers have attracted wide attention.In this study,the tillage resistance,soil disturbance,wear and corrosion of subsoiler with S-T-SK-2#biomimetic structures(S means subsoiler;T means tine;SK means shank;2#,h/s=0.57,h=5 mm andα=45°.)and self-healing coating under two seasons,two locations with different soil properties(black loam and clay soil)and subsoiling speeds(2 km/h and 3.6 km/h)were investigated.The soil moisture content and compactness affected the tillage resistance and wear-corrosion.The tillage resistance and degree of corrosion on all subsoilers were much larger in clay soil than that in black loam soil.Compared with S-T-SK-2#,the tillage reduction rate of C-S-T-SK-2#(S-T-SK-2#with self-healing coating)was up to 14.32%in clay soil under the speed of 2 km/h.The significance tests of regression equation results showed that subsoiler type and soil properties had a significant impact on soil disturbance coefficient,swelling of total soil layer,bulkiness of the plough pan.It is of a guiding significance for the analysis of soil disturbance.Synergism mechanism of subsoiler coupling with biomimetic structures and self-healing coating was analyzed in following.It depicted the guiding effect of biomimetic structure and the shield function of self-healing coating,resulting in anticorrosion and wear resistance of subsoiler.
基金supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Research Project(21ZR1438900)the Incubating Program for Clinical Research and Innovation of Renji Hospital(PYXJS16-008,PYIII20-07).
文摘Dear editor,The prognosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)has been significantly improvedwith the development and widespread use of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)pathway inhibitors and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway inhibitors[1].For the past decade,the standard of care utilized in the first-line setting was VEGF-targeted therapies.Recently,the mRCC treatment landscape has rapidly changed with the exploration of combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)and anti-VEGF agents[2,3].
