Under the current global climate change background,the response of soil heavy metals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau basin to the intensification of climate change is still unclear,leading to the intensification of heavy...Under the current global climate change background,the response of soil heavy metals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau basin to the intensification of climate change is still unclear,leading to the intensification of heavy metal migration in the watershed.We selected cadmium(Cd)in soils of the Taohe River Basin on the Tibetan Plateau as the study object,and established a heavy metal migration simulation model based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)to estimate the impact of climate change on Cd migration in the basin.The results indicated that the drought indexes and precipitation were the main determinants of the changes in Cd migration in the basin.The multi–scale drought indexes indicated that the optimal time scale for evaluating the effect of drought on Cd migration in the watershed was 3 months.Higher migration rates were apparent in summer and autumn(wet season)than in winter and spring(dry season).Spring precipitation was significantly and positively correlated with the migration of elemental Cd,and the Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI)3 drought index was significantly and positively correlated with Cd migration in summer,autumn,and winter.For every 5%increase in precipitation,Cd migration rates increased by 3.55%,0.46%,0.15%,and 0.12%in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively.For every 5%decrease in precipitation,Cd migration rates decreased by 0.11%,0.12%,0.14%,and 0.13%in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively.The risk of Cd transport in soil continues to increase under future climate change scenarios.展开更多
This paper, using a revised Penman-Monteith model, computed the terrestrial surface humidity index of the Loess Plateau （China） based on climatic factors of monthly mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum tem...This paper, using a revised Penman-Monteith model, computed the terrestrial surface humidity index of the Loess Plateau （China） based on climatic factors of monthly mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed and sunshine duration observed on the plateau from 1961 to 2008. The temporal-spatial distribution, anomaly distribution and sub-regional temporal variations of the terrestrial surface dry and wet conditions were analyzed as well. The results showed a decreasing trend in the annual average surface humidity from the southeast to the northwest in the research anna. Over the period of 1961-2008, an aridification tendency appeared sharply in the central interior region of the Loess Plateau, and less sharply in the middle part of the region. The border region showed the weakest tendency ol; aridification. It is clear that aridification diffused in all directions from the interior region. The spatial anomaly distribution of the terrestrial surface dry and wet conditions on the Loess Plateau can be divided into three key areas： the southern, western and eastern regions. The terrestrial annual humidity index displayed a significantly descending trend and showed remarkable abrupt changes from wet to dry in the years 1967, 1977 and 1979. In the above mentioned three key areas for dry and wet conditions, the terrestrial annual humidity index exhibited a fluctuation period of 3-4 years, while in the southern region, a fluctuation period of 7-8 years existed at the same time.展开更多
Drought is one of the most serious and extensive natural hazards in the world.Subject to monsoon climate variability,China is particularly influenced by drought hazards,especially meteorological drought.Based on a com...Drought is one of the most serious and extensive natural hazards in the world.Subject to monsoon climate variability,China is particularly influenced by drought hazards,especially meteorological drought.Based on a comprehensive understanding of the current status of international drought research,this paper systematically reviews the history and achievements of drought research in China since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,from four main perspectives:characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of historical and recent drought events,drought formation mechanism and change trend,drought hazard risk,and the particular flash drought.The progress and problems of drought research in China are analyzed and future prospects are proposed,with emphasis on the multi-factor synergetic effect for drought formation;the effect of land-atmosphere interaction;identification,monitoring,and prediction of flash drought;categorization of drought and characteristics among various types of drought;the agricultural drought development;drought response to climate warming;and assessment of drought hazard risks.It is suggested that strengthening scientific experimental research on drought in China is imperative.The present review is conducive to strategic planning of drought research and application,and may facilitate further development of drought research in China.展开更多
基金supported by Gansu Provincial Youth Science and Technology Fund Program(No.21JR7RA701)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(No.2019QZKK0605).
文摘Under the current global climate change background,the response of soil heavy metals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau basin to the intensification of climate change is still unclear,leading to the intensification of heavy metal migration in the watershed.We selected cadmium(Cd)in soils of the Taohe River Basin on the Tibetan Plateau as the study object,and established a heavy metal migration simulation model based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)to estimate the impact of climate change on Cd migration in the basin.The results indicated that the drought indexes and precipitation were the main determinants of the changes in Cd migration in the basin.The multi–scale drought indexes indicated that the optimal time scale for evaluating the effect of drought on Cd migration in the watershed was 3 months.Higher migration rates were apparent in summer and autumn(wet season)than in winter and spring(dry season).Spring precipitation was significantly and positively correlated with the migration of elemental Cd,and the Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI)3 drought index was significantly and positively correlated with Cd migration in summer,autumn,and winter.For every 5%increase in precipitation,Cd migration rates increased by 3.55%,0.46%,0.15%,and 0.12%in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively.For every 5%decrease in precipitation,Cd migration rates decreased by 0.11%,0.12%,0.14%,and 0.13%in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively.The risk of Cd transport in soil continues to increase under future climate change scenarios.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB955903,2012CB955304)the Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry(GYHY201106029,GYHY200806021)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40830957)the China Meteorological Administration Special Program for Climatic Change(280200S011C00)the Drought Meteorology Science Research Program (IAM201111)
文摘This paper, using a revised Penman-Monteith model, computed the terrestrial surface humidity index of the Loess Plateau （China） based on climatic factors of monthly mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed and sunshine duration observed on the plateau from 1961 to 2008. The temporal-spatial distribution, anomaly distribution and sub-regional temporal variations of the terrestrial surface dry and wet conditions were analyzed as well. The results showed a decreasing trend in the annual average surface humidity from the southeast to the northwest in the research anna. Over the period of 1961-2008, an aridification tendency appeared sharply in the central interior region of the Loess Plateau, and less sharply in the middle part of the region. The border region showed the weakest tendency ol; aridification. It is clear that aridification diffused in all directions from the interior region. The spatial anomaly distribution of the terrestrial surface dry and wet conditions on the Loess Plateau can be divided into three key areas： the southern, western and eastern regions. The terrestrial annual humidity index displayed a significantly descending trend and showed remarkable abrupt changes from wet to dry in the years 1967, 1977 and 1979. In the above mentioned three key areas for dry and wet conditions, the terrestrial annual humidity index exhibited a fluctuation period of 3-4 years, while in the southern region, a fluctuation period of 7-8 years existed at the same time.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41630426 and 41575149)China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(GYHY201506001-6)。
文摘Drought is one of the most serious and extensive natural hazards in the world.Subject to monsoon climate variability,China is particularly influenced by drought hazards,especially meteorological drought.Based on a comprehensive understanding of the current status of international drought research,this paper systematically reviews the history and achievements of drought research in China since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,from four main perspectives:characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of historical and recent drought events,drought formation mechanism and change trend,drought hazard risk,and the particular flash drought.The progress and problems of drought research in China are analyzed and future prospects are proposed,with emphasis on the multi-factor synergetic effect for drought formation;the effect of land-atmosphere interaction;identification,monitoring,and prediction of flash drought;categorization of drought and characteristics among various types of drought;the agricultural drought development;drought response to climate warming;and assessment of drought hazard risks.It is suggested that strengthening scientific experimental research on drought in China is imperative.The present review is conducive to strategic planning of drought research and application,and may facilitate further development of drought research in China.
