BACKGROUND Morphomics,a computed tomography-based body composition assessment,helps predicting esophageal cancer outcomes,but its link to bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA)and functional assessments such as hand gr...BACKGROUND Morphomics,a computed tomography-based body composition assessment,helps predicting esophageal cancer outcomes,but its link to bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA)and functional assessments such as hand grip strength(HGS)and cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET)remains unclear.AIM To investigate correlations between morphomics and BIA,HGS,CPET,and assess its ability to predict low cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF).METHODS Fifty esophageal cancer patients underwent multi-level morphomics,BIA,HGS,and CPET.Correlations were analyzed using heatmaps and scatter plots,and logistic regression assessed morphomic predictive value for low CRF.RESULTS T11 is the only level with complete morphomic data,making it the most applicable.To ensure reliability,T11 and its adjacent levels,T10-12,were included in the subsequent analysis.Dorsal muscle group volume from T10-12 morphomics all correlated positively with BIA muscle components(r=0.56-0.68,all P<0.001),HGS(r=0.4-0.48,all P<0.001),and CPET variables(r=0.43-0.51,all P<0.001).Subcutaneous fat area and visceral fat area from morphomics correlated with body fat percentage(r=0.58-0.67,all P<0.001)and negatively with CPET parameters(r=-0.33 to-0.52,all P<0.05).Morphomics also showed potential in identifying low CRF,with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.778.CONCLUSION T11 morphomics shows strong correlation with BIA,HGS,and CPET,and may serve as a practical tool for preoperative risk assessment in esophageal cancer patients.展开更多
Numerous studies on the formation and consolidation of memory have shown that memory processes are characterized by phase-dependent and dynamic regulation.Memory retrieval,as the only representation of memory content ...Numerous studies on the formation and consolidation of memory have shown that memory processes are characterized by phase-dependent and dynamic regulation.Memory retrieval,as the only representation of memory content and an active form of memory processing that induces memory reconsolidation,has attracted increasing attention in recent years.Although the molecular mechanisms specifc to memory retrievalinduced reconsolidation have been gradually revealed,an understanding of the time-dependent regulatory mechanisms of this process is still lacking.In this study,we applied a transcriptome analysis of memory retrieval at diferent time points in the recent memory stage.Diferential expression analysis and Short Time-series Expression Miner(STEM)depicting temporal gene expression patterns indicated that most diferential gene expression occurred at 48 h,and the STEM cluster showing the greatest transcriptional upregulation at 48 h demonstrated the most significant diference.We then screened the diferentially-expressed genes associated with that met the expression patterns of those cluster-identifed genes that have been reported to be involved in learning and memory processes in addition to dipeptidyl peptidase 9(DPP9).Further quantitative polymerase chain reaction verifcation and pharmacological intervention suggested that DPP9 is involved in 48-h fear memory retrieval and viral vector-mediated overexpression of DPP9 countered the 48-h retrieval-induced attenuation of fear memory.Taken together,our fndings suggest that temporal gene expression patterns are induced by recent memory retrieval and provide hitherto undocumented evidence of the role of DPP9 in the retrieval-induced reconsolidation of fear memory.展开更多
Thermal/environmental barrier coatings(T/EBCs)play important roles in jet and/or gas turbine engines to protect the Ni-based superalloys and/or ceramic matrix composite substrates from the high-temperature airflow dam...Thermal/environmental barrier coatings(T/EBCs)play important roles in jet and/or gas turbine engines to protect the Ni-based superalloys and/or ceramic matrix composite substrates from the high-temperature airflow damage.Great efforts have been contributed to searching for enhanced T/EBC materials to improve the efficiency of the engines,which is the key of improving thrust-to-weight ratio and energy saving.The practical candidates,rare earth-contained materials,are widely used for T/EBCs in gas turbines due to their excellent properties such as low thermal conductivity,high melting point,hightemperature strength and durability as exhibited in yttriastabilized zirconia,pyrochlore oxides and rare earth silicates.In addition to the intrinsic properties,the microstructures obtained by different synthesis processes and the service performances,as well as the underlying failure mechanism,are also significant to this specific application.However,the main challenges for T/EBCs developments are T/EBC materials selection with balanced properties and their anti-corrosion performances at higher operating temperature.In this review,we summarized the progress in their fabrication techniques and mechanical/thermal properties of typically rare earth-contained T/EBCs,together with their anti-corrosion performance under the condition of molten salts or oxides(such as Na2SO4,V2O5and NaVO3),calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate(CMAS)and high-temperature water vapor.展开更多
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions create hot quark–gluon plasma as well as very strong electromagnetic(EM)and fluid vortical fields.The strong EM field and vorticity can induce intriguing macroscopic quantum phenomen...Relativistic heavy-ion collisions create hot quark–gluon plasma as well as very strong electromagnetic(EM)and fluid vortical fields.The strong EM field and vorticity can induce intriguing macroscopic quantum phenomena such as chiral magnetic,chiral separation,chiral electric separation,and chiral vortical effects as well as the spin polarization of hadrons.These phenomena provide us with experimentally feasible means to study the nontrivial topological sector of quantum chromodynamics,the possible parity violation of strong interaction at high temperature,and the subatomic spintronics of quark–gluon plasma.These studies,both in theory and in experiments,are strongly connected with other subfields of physics such as condensed matter physics,astrophysics,and cold atomic physics,and thus form an emerging interdisciplinary research area.We give an introduction to the aforementioned phenomena induced by the EM field and vorticity and an overview of the current status of experimental research in heavy-ion collisions.We also briefly discuss spin hydrodynamics as well as chiral and spin kinetic theories.展开更多
The persistence infection of low-risk type （type 6 or type 11） of human papillomavirus （HPV） is the main cause of genital warts. Given the high rate of recurrence after treatment, the use of a new molecular agent ...The persistence infection of low-risk type （type 6 or type 11） of human papillomavirus （HPV） is the main cause of genital warts. Given the high rate of recurrence after treatment, the use of a new molecular agent is certain to be of value. The aim of this study was to achieve targeted inactivation of viral E7 gene in keratinocytes using the reprogrammed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats （CRISPR）/CRISPR-associated （Cas） 9 system. To accomplish this, a universal CRISPR-Cas9 system for targeting both HPV6/11 E7 genes was constructed by using a dual guide RNA vector. After transfection of the vector into E7-transfromed keratinocytes, the expression level of E7 protein was measured using western-blot analysis and the sequence of the E7 gene was determined using Sanger sequencing. Cell proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst 33258 staining, flow cytometry analysis and ELISA assay. The results indicated that both HPV6/11 E7 genes can be inactivated by the single CRISPR-Cas9 system. Furthermore, silencing of E7 led to inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in E7-transfromed keratinocytes but not in normal keratinocytes. Our data suggested that the reprogrammed CRISPR-Cas9 system has the potential for the development of an adjuvant therapy for genital warts.展开更多
t Three new lycodine-type Lycopodium alkaloids,namely 1-methyllycodine(1),8a-hydroxy-15,16-dehydro-desN-methyl-a-obscurine(2),N-methyl-16-hydroxyhuperzine B(3),and one new natural lycodine-type Lycopodium alkaloid,N-...t Three new lycodine-type Lycopodium alkaloids,namely 1-methyllycodine(1),8a-hydroxy-15,16-dehydro-desN-methyl-a-obscurine(2),N-methyl-16-hydroxyhuperzine B(3),and one new natural lycodine-type Lycopodium alkaloid,N-methylhuperzine A(4),along with 11 known analogues(5–15),were isolated from the whole plants of club moss Huperzia serrata.The structures of 1–4 were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometry data.Among them,compound 1 was the first lycodine-type alkaloid possessing a methyl group at C-1.In addition,the structure of 5 was confirmed by the single-crystal X-ray crystallography data and its^(13)C NMR was reported for the first time in current study.Compounds 1–5 were tested their BACE1 inhibitory activity.展开更多
To explore the behavior of radiolytically produced hydrogen release from the waste resin stored in a high integrated container(HIC), and the mechanism of hydrogen diffusion in a near-surface disposal facility, both ex...To explore the behavior of radiolytically produced hydrogen release from the waste resin stored in a high integrated container(HIC), and the mechanism of hydrogen diffusion in a near-surface disposal facility, both experimental studies and numerical simulations were performed through an accelerated irradiation test and simulated disposal, respectively. Results indicated that,100 years after disposal, the highest hydrogen concentration appeared in the cell where the HICs were placed. The volume fraction for different scenarios postulated in the numerical simulation was 2.64% for Scenario 1, 2.28% for Scenario 2, and 3.965% for Scenario 3, all of which are lower than the hydrogen explosion limit of 4.1%. The results indicated that the simulated HIC disposal scheme is safe.展开更多
Most reflector surface holographic measurements of a large radio telescope utilize a geostationary satellite as the signal source. The shortcoming is that those measurements could only be done at a limited elevation a...Most reflector surface holographic measurements of a large radio telescope utilize a geostationary satellite as the signal source. The shortcoming is that those measurements could only be done at a limited elevation angle due to the satellite’s relatively stationary state. This paper proposed a new wideband microwave holographic measurement method based on radio sources to achieve full-elevation-angle measurement with small size reference antenna. In theoretical derivation, the time delay and phase change due to path length and device difference between the antenna under test and reference antenna are compensated first. Then the correct method of wideband holography effect, which is because of antenna pattern differing under different wavelengths when receiving a wideband signal, is presented. To verify the proposed methodology, a wideband microwave holographic measurement system is established, the data processing procedure is illustrated, and the reflector surface measurement experiments on a 40 m radio telescope at different elevation angles are conducted. The result shows that the primary reflector surface root-mean-square at around elevation angles of 28°, 44°, 49°, and 75° are respectively 0.213 mm, 0.170 mm, 0.188 mm, and 0.199 mm. It is basically consistent with the real data, indicating that the proposed wideband microwave holography methodology is feasible.展开更多
Radial velocity is one of the key measurements in understanding the fundamental properties of stars, stellar clusters and the Galaxy. A plate of stars in the Kepler field was observed in May of 2018 with the medium-re...Radial velocity is one of the key measurements in understanding the fundamental properties of stars, stellar clusters and the Galaxy. A plate of stars in the Kepler field was observed in May of 2018 with the medium-resolution spectrographs of LAMOST, aiming to test the performance of this new system which is the upgraded equipment of LAMOST after the first five-year regular survey. We present our analysis on the radial velocity measurements(RVs) derived from these data. The results show that slight and significant systematic errors exist among the RVs obtained from the spectra collected by different spectrographs and exposures, respectively. After correcting the systematic errors with different techniques, the precision of RVs reaches ～1.3,～1.0,～0.5 and ～0.3 km s^(-1) at S/Nr = 10, 20, 50 and 100, respectively. Comparing with the RVs of standard stars from the APOGEE survey, our RVs are calibrated with a zero-point shift of～7 km s^(-1). The results indicate that the LAMOST medium-resolution spectroscopic system may provide RVs with a reasonable accuracy and precision for the selected targets.展开更多
The 52%energy of the solar radiation is contributed by near-infrared radiation(NIR,780-2500 nm).Therefore,the material design for the energy-saving smart window,which can effectively shield NIR and has acceptable visi...The 52%energy of the solar radiation is contributed by near-infrared radiation(NIR,780-2500 nm).Therefore,the material design for the energy-saving smart window,which can effectively shield NIR and has acceptable visible transmittance,is vital to save the energy consumed on the temperature control system.It is important to find a non-toxic stable material with excellent NIR-shielding ability and acceptable visible transmittance.The systematic first-principles study on Li_(x)Sn_(y)WO_(3)(x=0,0.33,0.66,and y=0,0.33)exhibits that the chemical stability is a positive correlation with the doping concentration.After doping,the Fermi-energy upshifts into the conduction band,and the material shows metal-like characteristics.Therefore,these structures Li_(x)Sn_(y)WO_(3)(except the structure with x=0.33 and y=0)show pronounced improvement of NIR shielding ability.Our results indicate that when x=0 and y=0.33,the material exhibits the strongest NIR-shielding ability,satisfying chemical stability,wide NIR-shielding range(780-2500 nm),and acceptable visible transmittance.This work provides a good choice for experimental study on NIR shielding material for the energy-saving window.展开更多
The radio-occultation observations taken by Tianwen-1 are aiming to study the properties of solar wind.A new method of frequency fluctuation(FF)estimation is presented for processing the down-link signals of Tianwen-1...The radio-occultation observations taken by Tianwen-1 are aiming to study the properties of solar wind.A new method of frequency fluctuation(FF)estimation is presented for processing the down-link signals of Tianwen-1 during the occultation period to study the properties of the coronal plasma at the heliocentric distances of 4.48–19 R_(⊙).Because of low S/N as well as the phase fluctuation phenomena caused by solar activity,a Kalman based on polynomial prediction methods is proposed to avoid the phase locked loop loss lock.A new detrend method based on multi-level iteration correction is proposed to estimate Doppler shift to get more accurate power density spectra of FF in the low frequency region.The data analyze procedure is used to get the properties of the solar corona during the occultation.The method was finally verified at the point when the solar offset is 5.7 R_(⊙),frequency tracking was successfully performed on data with a carrier-to-noise ratio of about 28 dBHz.The density spectra obtained by the improved method are basically the same when the frequency is greater than 2 mHz,the uncertainty in the result of the rms of the FF obtained by removing the trend term with different order polynomials is less than 3.3%.The data without eliminating interference show a large error for different detrending orders,which justifies the need for an improved approach.Finally,the frequency fluctuation results combined with the information on intensity fluctuation obtained by the new method are compared with the results of the integrated Space Weather Analysis system and theoretical formula,which verifies that the processing results in this paper have a certain degree of credibility.展开更多
To solve the problem of time-consuming measurement and correction of large antennas’reflector deformation,a new microwave holography methodology based on a Phased Array Feed(PAF)is proposed.Starting from the known ex...To solve the problem of time-consuming measurement and correction of large antennas’reflector deformation,a new microwave holography methodology based on a Phased Array Feed(PAF)is proposed.Starting from the known expression of receiving signals in microwave holography,the theory of PAF holography is derived through Geometrical Optics.Reflector deformation,as well as pointing deviation and subreflector offset,can be calculated out by applying the derived equations.A measurement and correction system based on PAF holography is depicted,and two kinds of measurement methods are illustrated.The proposed measurement methodology is verified by numerical simulation,and its measurement error is analyzed.The results indicate that our proposed methodology is feasible,especially for Cassegrain antennas.展开更多
We discuss the teleportation of particles in an environment of an N-body system.In this case,we can change a many-body system into an arbitrary shape in space by teleporting some or all the constituent particles,and t...We discuss the teleportation of particles in an environment of an N-body system.In this case,we can change a many-body system into an arbitrary shape in space by teleporting some or all the constituent particles,and thus we call the quantum teleportation under this circumstance as quantum tele-transformation(QTT).The particular feature of QTT is that the wave function of the internal degrees of freedom remains the same,while the spatial wave function experiences a drastic change.The notion of QTT provides conceptual and pedagogical convenience for quantum information processing.In view of QTT,teleportation is the change of a single particle in space,while entanglement swapping is the change of one particle of an entangled pair.展开更多
Objective:Taking the Dictionary of Prescriptions as a clue,we collected effective prescriptions for treating Stroke,and systematically summarized the medication and compatibility rules of the core Chinese medicines fo...Objective:Taking the Dictionary of Prescriptions as a clue,we collected effective prescriptions for treating Stroke,and systematically summarized the medication and compatibility rules of the core Chinese medicines for treating Stroke.Methods:A database of prescriptions for stroke based on complex relationship analysis system of traditional Chinese medicine was established.From the point of view of complex network,the hierarchy of drug compatibility rules of compound prescriptions(such as courtiers and envoys)was analyzed,the statistical characteristics of complex networks were analyzed,and an attempt was made to explain the characteristics of complex networks of drugs for stroke.Results:A total of 974 prescriptions were collected,including 1040 Chinese herbs.The core Chinese herbal medicines with nodal degree(>500)for Stroke were divaricate saposhnikovia root,liquorice root,Chinese angelica,tall gastrodia tuber,incised notopterygium rhizome and root.The compatibility relationship of the core Chinese medicines in the treatment of stroke is divaricate saposhnikovia root-liquorice root,ephedra-divaricate saposhnikovia root,divaricate saposhnikovia root-sichuan lovage rhizome,divaricate saposhnikovia root-Chinese angelica in order of frequency.Conclusion:Through the analysis of the common network structure of effective prescriptions for Stroke,the core prescription compatibility structure reflecting the prescription thinking and clinical characteristics was found.展开更多
Pt-based catalysts are prone to oxidation and CO poisoning during the hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR),leading to deactivation,which has presented significant challenges for the application of proton exchange membrane...Pt-based catalysts are prone to oxidation and CO poisoning during the hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR),leading to deactivation,which has presented significant challenges for the application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC).Here,we propose a dual-protection strategy with the advantages of Pt-polyoxometalates(POMs)and carbon dots(CDs)to synthesize an advanced POMs-CDs based electrocatalyst,Pt-SiW_(12)-CDs,with Pt clusters dispersed on SiW_(12)-CDs substrates.It exhibited exceptional HOR performance,achieving a mass activity of 10.36 A mgPt^(−1)at an overpotential of 50 mV,which is over 54 times greater than that of Pt/C(0.19 A mgPt^(–1)).These catalysts also display impressive stability and CO tolerance.By employing X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS)spectra,transient photovoltage(TPV),transient potential scanning(TPS),and density functional theory(DFT)calculation,the in-depth investigation suggested the muti-roles of SiW_(12)and CDs for synergistic enhancement of Pt electrocatalyst stability and activity in HOR process.CDs act as bridges,effectively and rapidly transferring protons and electrons to SiW_(12)from Pt clusters.CDs can effectively coordinate with Pt,regulating its electronic structure while pre-occupying Pt sites,thus hindering CO adsorption on Pt.The reduced SiW_(12)efficiently transfers electrons to Pt,inhibiting the oxidation of Pt.Additionally,SiW_(12)also serves as the driving force,maintaining the rapid progression of the HOR process.The dual-protection strategy provides new ideas and directions for design of efficient and stable heterogeneous catalyst.展开更多
We derive a Cooper-Frye type spin polarization formula for Dirac fermions at local thermal equilibrium described by a grand canonical ensemble specified by temperature, fluid velocity, chemical potential, and spin pot...We derive a Cooper-Frye type spin polarization formula for Dirac fermions at local thermal equilibrium described by a grand canonical ensemble specified by temperature, fluid velocity, chemical potential, and spin potential. We discuss the physical meaning of different contributions to spin polarization and compare them with previous work. The present formula provides machinery to convert the spin potential computed in, e.g., relativistic spin hydrodynamics to the spin polarization observable in,e.g., heavy-ion collisions.展开更多
Irradiation increases the yield stress and embrittles light water reactor(LWR)pressure vessel steels.In this study,we demonstrate some of the potential benefits and risks of using machine learning models to predict ir...Irradiation increases the yield stress and embrittles light water reactor(LWR)pressure vessel steels.In this study,we demonstrate some of the potential benefits and risks of using machine learning models to predict irradiation hardening extrapolated to low flux,high fluence,extended life conditions.The machine learning training data included the Irradiation Variable for lower flux irradiations up to an intermediate fluence,plus the Belgian Reactor 2 and Advanced Test Reactor 1 for very high flux irradiations,up to very high fluence.Notably,the machine learning model predictions for the high fluence,intermediate flux Advanced Test Reactor 2 irradiations are superior to extrapolations of existing hardening models.The successful extrapolations showed that machine learning models are capable of capturing key intermediate flux effects at high fluence.Similar approaches,applied to expanded databases,could be used to predict hardening in LWRs under life-extension conditions.展开更多
The low incidence of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma(cHCC-CCA)is an important factor limiting research progression.Our study extensively included nearly three decades of relevant literature and assembled th...The low incidence of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma(cHCC-CCA)is an important factor limiting research progression.Our study extensively included nearly three decades of relevant literature and assembled the most comprehensive database comprising 5,742 patients with cHCC-CCA.We summarized the characteristics,tumor markers,and clinical features of these patients.Additionally,we present the evolution of cHCC-CCA classification and explain the underlying rationale for these classification standards.We reviewed cHCC-CCA diagnostic advances using imaging features,tumor markers,and postoperative pathology,as well as treatment options such as surgical,adjuvant,and immune-targeted therapies.In addition,recent advances in more effective chemotherapeutic regimens and immune-targeted therapies were explored.Furthermore,we described the molecular mutation features and potential specific markers of cHCC-CCA.The prognostic value of Nestin has been proven,and we speculate that Nestin will also play a role in classification and diagnosis.However,further research is needed.Moreover,we believe that the possibility of using machine learning liquid biopsy for preoperative diagnosis and establishing a scoring system are directions for future research.展开更多
We develop a covariant kinetic theory for massive fermions in a curved spacetime and an external electromagnetic field based on quantum field theory.We derive four coupled semi-classical kinetic equations accurate to ...We develop a covariant kinetic theory for massive fermions in a curved spacetime and an external electromagnetic field based on quantum field theory.We derive four coupled semi-classical kinetic equations accurate to O(ℏ),which describe the transports of particle number and spin degrees of freedom.The relationship with chiral kinetic theory is discussed.As an application,we study spin polarization in the presence of finite Riemann curvature and an electromagnetic field in both local and global equilibrium states.展开更多
基金Supported by Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,Taiwan,No.CMRPG3N1171,No.CMRPG3N1172,No.CORPVVN0071,No.CMRPVVK0111-3 and No.CMRPVVL0121-3National Science and Technology Council,Taiwan,No.MOST 114-2314-B-182A-066-.
文摘BACKGROUND Morphomics,a computed tomography-based body composition assessment,helps predicting esophageal cancer outcomes,but its link to bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA)and functional assessments such as hand grip strength(HGS)and cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET)remains unclear.AIM To investigate correlations between morphomics and BIA,HGS,CPET,and assess its ability to predict low cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF).METHODS Fifty esophageal cancer patients underwent multi-level morphomics,BIA,HGS,and CPET.Correlations were analyzed using heatmaps and scatter plots,and logistic regression assessed morphomic predictive value for low CRF.RESULTS T11 is the only level with complete morphomic data,making it the most applicable.To ensure reliability,T11 and its adjacent levels,T10-12,were included in the subsequent analysis.Dorsal muscle group volume from T10-12 morphomics all correlated positively with BIA muscle components(r=0.56-0.68,all P<0.001),HGS(r=0.4-0.48,all P<0.001),and CPET variables(r=0.43-0.51,all P<0.001).Subcutaneous fat area and visceral fat area from morphomics correlated with body fat percentage(r=0.58-0.67,all P<0.001)and negatively with CPET parameters(r=-0.33 to-0.52,all P<0.05).Morphomics also showed potential in identifying low CRF,with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.778.CONCLUSION T11 morphomics shows strong correlation with BIA,HGS,and CPET,and may serve as a practical tool for preoperative risk assessment in esophageal cancer patients.
基金supported by the STI2030-Major Projects(2022ZD0204900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071029 and 32271080)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB32020200)the Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department(202402AA310014).
文摘Numerous studies on the formation and consolidation of memory have shown that memory processes are characterized by phase-dependent and dynamic regulation.Memory retrieval,as the only representation of memory content and an active form of memory processing that induces memory reconsolidation,has attracted increasing attention in recent years.Although the molecular mechanisms specifc to memory retrievalinduced reconsolidation have been gradually revealed,an understanding of the time-dependent regulatory mechanisms of this process is still lacking.In this study,we applied a transcriptome analysis of memory retrieval at diferent time points in the recent memory stage.Diferential expression analysis and Short Time-series Expression Miner(STEM)depicting temporal gene expression patterns indicated that most diferential gene expression occurred at 48 h,and the STEM cluster showing the greatest transcriptional upregulation at 48 h demonstrated the most significant diference.We then screened the diferentially-expressed genes associated with that met the expression patterns of those cluster-identifed genes that have been reported to be involved in learning and memory processes in addition to dipeptidyl peptidase 9(DPP9).Further quantitative polymerase chain reaction verifcation and pharmacological intervention suggested that DPP9 is involved in 48-h fear memory retrieval and viral vector-mediated overexpression of DPP9 countered the 48-h retrieval-induced attenuation of fear memory.Taken together,our fndings suggest that temporal gene expression patterns are induced by recent memory retrieval and provide hitherto undocumented evidence of the role of DPP9 in the retrieval-induced reconsolidation of fear memory.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51602188,51602187,51572166 and 51402183)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Young Eastern Scholar and Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning(Nos.QD2015028,TP2015040 and TP2014041)the Yunnan Province Science and Technology Major Project(No.2018ZE009)。
文摘Thermal/environmental barrier coatings(T/EBCs)play important roles in jet and/or gas turbine engines to protect the Ni-based superalloys and/or ceramic matrix composite substrates from the high-temperature airflow damage.Great efforts have been contributed to searching for enhanced T/EBC materials to improve the efficiency of the engines,which is the key of improving thrust-to-weight ratio and energy saving.The practical candidates,rare earth-contained materials,are widely used for T/EBCs in gas turbines due to their excellent properties such as low thermal conductivity,high melting point,hightemperature strength and durability as exhibited in yttriastabilized zirconia,pyrochlore oxides and rare earth silicates.In addition to the intrinsic properties,the microstructures obtained by different synthesis processes and the service performances,as well as the underlying failure mechanism,are also significant to this specific application.However,the main challenges for T/EBCs developments are T/EBC materials selection with balanced properties and their anti-corrosion performances at higher operating temperature.In this review,we summarized the progress in their fabrication techniques and mechanical/thermal properties of typically rare earth-contained T/EBCs,together with their anti-corrosion performance under the condition of molten salts or oxides(such as Na2SO4,V2O5and NaVO3),calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate(CMAS)and high-temperature water vapor.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11535012 and 11675041)。
文摘Relativistic heavy-ion collisions create hot quark–gluon plasma as well as very strong electromagnetic(EM)and fluid vortical fields.The strong EM field and vorticity can induce intriguing macroscopic quantum phenomena such as chiral magnetic,chiral separation,chiral electric separation,and chiral vortical effects as well as the spin polarization of hadrons.These phenomena provide us with experimentally feasible means to study the nontrivial topological sector of quantum chromodynamics,the possible parity violation of strong interaction at high temperature,and the subatomic spintronics of quark–gluon plasma.These studies,both in theory and in experiments,are strongly connected with other subfields of physics such as condensed matter physics,astrophysics,and cold atomic physics,and thus form an emerging interdisciplinary research area.We give an introduction to the aforementioned phenomena induced by the EM field and vorticity and an overview of the current status of experimental research in heavy-ion collisions.We also briefly discuss spin hydrodynamics as well as chiral and spin kinetic theories.
文摘The persistence infection of low-risk type （type 6 or type 11） of human papillomavirus （HPV） is the main cause of genital warts. Given the high rate of recurrence after treatment, the use of a new molecular agent is certain to be of value. The aim of this study was to achieve targeted inactivation of viral E7 gene in keratinocytes using the reprogrammed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats （CRISPR）/CRISPR-associated （Cas） 9 system. To accomplish this, a universal CRISPR-Cas9 system for targeting both HPV6/11 E7 genes was constructed by using a dual guide RNA vector. After transfection of the vector into E7-transfromed keratinocytes, the expression level of E7 protein was measured using western-blot analysis and the sequence of the E7 gene was determined using Sanger sequencing. Cell proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst 33258 staining, flow cytometry analysis and ELISA assay. The results indicated that both HPV6/11 E7 genes can be inactivated by the single CRISPR-Cas9 system. Furthermore, silencing of E7 led to inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in E7-transfromed keratinocytes but not in normal keratinocytes. Our data suggested that the reprogrammed CRISPR-Cas9 system has the potential for the development of an adjuvant therapy for genital warts.
基金the NSFC-Joint Foundation of Yunnan Province(No.U1502223)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21402212)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Yunnan province(No 2015FB173)the CAS"Light of West China"Program and Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(X.D.Wu).
文摘t Three new lycodine-type Lycopodium alkaloids,namely 1-methyllycodine(1),8a-hydroxy-15,16-dehydro-desN-methyl-a-obscurine(2),N-methyl-16-hydroxyhuperzine B(3),and one new natural lycodine-type Lycopodium alkaloid,N-methylhuperzine A(4),along with 11 known analogues(5–15),were isolated from the whole plants of club moss Huperzia serrata.The structures of 1–4 were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometry data.Among them,compound 1 was the first lycodine-type alkaloid possessing a methyl group at C-1.In addition,the structure of 5 was confirmed by the single-crystal X-ray crystallography data and its^(13)C NMR was reported for the first time in current study.Compounds 1–5 were tested their BACE1 inhibitory activity.
文摘To explore the behavior of radiolytically produced hydrogen release from the waste resin stored in a high integrated container(HIC), and the mechanism of hydrogen diffusion in a near-surface disposal facility, both experimental studies and numerical simulations were performed through an accelerated irradiation test and simulated disposal, respectively. Results indicated that,100 years after disposal, the highest hydrogen concentration appeared in the cell where the HICs were placed. The volume fraction for different scenarios postulated in the numerical simulation was 2.64% for Scenario 1, 2.28% for Scenario 2, and 3.965% for Scenario 3, all of which are lower than the hydrogen explosion limit of 4.1%. The results indicated that the simulated HIC disposal scheme is safe.
基金funded by the Astronomical Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. U1831114, 11941002, and12073048)。
文摘Most reflector surface holographic measurements of a large radio telescope utilize a geostationary satellite as the signal source. The shortcoming is that those measurements could only be done at a limited elevation angle due to the satellite’s relatively stationary state. This paper proposed a new wideband microwave holographic measurement method based on radio sources to achieve full-elevation-angle measurement with small size reference antenna. In theoretical derivation, the time delay and phase change due to path length and device difference between the antenna under test and reference antenna are compensated first. Then the correct method of wideband holography effect, which is because of antenna pattern differing under different wavelengths when receiving a wideband signal, is presented. To verify the proposed methodology, a wideband microwave holographic measurement system is established, the data processing procedure is illustrated, and the reflector surface measurement experiments on a 40 m radio telescope at different elevation angles are conducted. The result shows that the primary reflector surface root-mean-square at around elevation angles of 28°, 44°, 49°, and 75° are respectively 0.213 mm, 0.170 mm, 0.188 mm, and 0.199 mm. It is basically consistent with the real data, indicating that the proposed wideband microwave holography methodology is feasible.
基金The Guoshoujing Telescope (the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, LAMOST) is a National Major Scientific Project built by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Funding for the project has been provided by the National Development and Reform Commission+3 种基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11673003 and 11833002)the support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M641244)supported by the Special Funding for Advanced Users, budgeted and administrated by the Center for Astronomical Mega-Science, CASsupported by Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS (QYZDY-SSW-SLH007)
文摘Radial velocity is one of the key measurements in understanding the fundamental properties of stars, stellar clusters and the Galaxy. A plate of stars in the Kepler field was observed in May of 2018 with the medium-resolution spectrographs of LAMOST, aiming to test the performance of this new system which is the upgraded equipment of LAMOST after the first five-year regular survey. We present our analysis on the radial velocity measurements(RVs) derived from these data. The results show that slight and significant systematic errors exist among the RVs obtained from the spectra collected by different spectrographs and exposures, respectively. After correcting the systematic errors with different techniques, the precision of RVs reaches ～1.3,～1.0,～0.5 and ～0.3 km s^(-1) at S/Nr = 10, 20, 50 and 100, respectively. Comparing with the RVs of standard stars from the APOGEE survey, our RVs are calibrated with a zero-point shift of～7 km s^(-1). The results indicate that the LAMOST medium-resolution spectroscopic system may provide RVs with a reasonable accuracy and precision for the selected targets.
文摘The 52%energy of the solar radiation is contributed by near-infrared radiation(NIR,780-2500 nm).Therefore,the material design for the energy-saving smart window,which can effectively shield NIR and has acceptable visible transmittance,is vital to save the energy consumed on the temperature control system.It is important to find a non-toxic stable material with excellent NIR-shielding ability and acceptable visible transmittance.The systematic first-principles study on Li_(x)Sn_(y)WO_(3)(x=0,0.33,0.66,and y=0,0.33)exhibits that the chemical stability is a positive correlation with the doping concentration.After doping,the Fermi-energy upshifts into the conduction band,and the material shows metal-like characteristics.Therefore,these structures Li_(x)Sn_(y)WO_(3)(except the structure with x=0.33 and y=0)show pronounced improvement of NIR shielding ability.Our results indicate that when x=0 and y=0.33,the material exhibits the strongest NIR-shielding ability,satisfying chemical stability,wide NIR-shielding range(780-2500 nm),and acceptable visible transmittance.This work provides a good choice for experimental study on NIR shielding material for the energy-saving window.
基金funded by the Astronomical Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaChinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.U1831114,11941002,and 12073048)。
文摘The radio-occultation observations taken by Tianwen-1 are aiming to study the properties of solar wind.A new method of frequency fluctuation(FF)estimation is presented for processing the down-link signals of Tianwen-1 during the occultation period to study the properties of the coronal plasma at the heliocentric distances of 4.48–19 R_(⊙).Because of low S/N as well as the phase fluctuation phenomena caused by solar activity,a Kalman based on polynomial prediction methods is proposed to avoid the phase locked loop loss lock.A new detrend method based on multi-level iteration correction is proposed to estimate Doppler shift to get more accurate power density spectra of FF in the low frequency region.The data analyze procedure is used to get the properties of the solar corona during the occultation.The method was finally verified at the point when the solar offset is 5.7 R_(⊙),frequency tracking was successfully performed on data with a carrier-to-noise ratio of about 28 dBHz.The density spectra obtained by the improved method are basically the same when the frequency is greater than 2 mHz,the uncertainty in the result of the rms of the FF obtained by removing the trend term with different order polynomials is less than 3.3%.The data without eliminating interference show a large error for different detrending orders,which justifies the need for an improved approach.Finally,the frequency fluctuation results combined with the information on intensity fluctuation obtained by the new method are compared with the results of the integrated Space Weather Analysis system and theoretical formula,which verifies that the processing results in this paper have a certain degree of credibility.
基金funded by the Astronomical Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Chinese Academy of Sciences under Nos.12373103,12073048 and 62227901。
文摘To solve the problem of time-consuming measurement and correction of large antennas’reflector deformation,a new microwave holography methodology based on a Phased Array Feed(PAF)is proposed.Starting from the known expression of receiving signals in microwave holography,the theory of PAF holography is derived through Geometrical Optics.Reflector deformation,as well as pointing deviation and subreflector offset,can be calculated out by applying the derived equations.A measurement and correction system based on PAF holography is depicted,and two kinds of measurement methods are illustrated.The proposed measurement methodology is verified by numerical simulation,and its measurement error is analyzed.The results indicate that our proposed methodology is feasible,especially for Cassegrain antennas.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0303700)the Key R&D Program of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2018B030325002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61727801,61871257,and 11774197).
文摘We discuss the teleportation of particles in an environment of an N-body system.In this case,we can change a many-body system into an arbitrary shape in space by teleporting some or all the constituent particles,and thus we call the quantum teleportation under this circumstance as quantum tele-transformation(QTT).The particular feature of QTT is that the wave function of the internal degrees of freedom remains the same,while the spatial wave function experiences a drastic change.The notion of QTT provides conceptual and pedagogical convenience for quantum information processing.In view of QTT,teleportation is the change of a single particle in space,while entanglement swapping is the change of one particle of an entangled pair.
文摘Objective:Taking the Dictionary of Prescriptions as a clue,we collected effective prescriptions for treating Stroke,and systematically summarized the medication and compatibility rules of the core Chinese medicines for treating Stroke.Methods:A database of prescriptions for stroke based on complex relationship analysis system of traditional Chinese medicine was established.From the point of view of complex network,the hierarchy of drug compatibility rules of compound prescriptions(such as courtiers and envoys)was analyzed,the statistical characteristics of complex networks were analyzed,and an attempt was made to explain the characteristics of complex networks of drugs for stroke.Results:A total of 974 prescriptions were collected,including 1040 Chinese herbs.The core Chinese herbal medicines with nodal degree(>500)for Stroke were divaricate saposhnikovia root,liquorice root,Chinese angelica,tall gastrodia tuber,incised notopterygium rhizome and root.The compatibility relationship of the core Chinese medicines in the treatment of stroke is divaricate saposhnikovia root-liquorice root,ephedra-divaricate saposhnikovia root,divaricate saposhnikovia root-sichuan lovage rhizome,divaricate saposhnikovia root-Chinese angelica in order of frequency.Conclusion:Through the analysis of the common network structure of effective prescriptions for Stroke,the core prescription compatibility structure reflecting the prescription thinking and clinical characteristics was found.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFA1509300)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20220028)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52272043,52271223,52472049,52472230,52202107,22171041,22471030,22379024,and 21671036)the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(0009/2022/ITP)State Key Laboratory of Catalysis(2024SKL-A-014)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technology,the 111 ProjectSuzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nano&Soft Materials.
文摘Pt-based catalysts are prone to oxidation and CO poisoning during the hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR),leading to deactivation,which has presented significant challenges for the application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC).Here,we propose a dual-protection strategy with the advantages of Pt-polyoxometalates(POMs)and carbon dots(CDs)to synthesize an advanced POMs-CDs based electrocatalyst,Pt-SiW_(12)-CDs,with Pt clusters dispersed on SiW_(12)-CDs substrates.It exhibited exceptional HOR performance,achieving a mass activity of 10.36 A mgPt^(−1)at an overpotential of 50 mV,which is over 54 times greater than that of Pt/C(0.19 A mgPt^(–1)).These catalysts also display impressive stability and CO tolerance.By employing X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS)spectra,transient photovoltage(TPV),transient potential scanning(TPS),and density functional theory(DFT)calculation,the in-depth investigation suggested the muti-roles of SiW_(12)and CDs for synergistic enhancement of Pt electrocatalyst stability and activity in HOR process.CDs act as bridges,effectively and rapidly transferring protons and electrons to SiW_(12)from Pt clusters.CDs can effectively coordinate with Pt,regulating its electronic structure while pre-occupying Pt sites,thus hindering CO adsorption on Pt.The reduced SiW_(12)efficiently transfers electrons to Pt,inhibiting the oxidation of Pt.Additionally,SiW_(12)also serves as the driving force,maintaining the rapid progression of the HOR process.The dual-protection strategy provides new ideas and directions for design of efficient and stable heterogeneous catalyst.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12075061)the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.20ZR1404100)+1 种基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M681139)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12047516)。
文摘We derive a Cooper-Frye type spin polarization formula for Dirac fermions at local thermal equilibrium described by a grand canonical ensemble specified by temperature, fluid velocity, chemical potential, and spin potential. We discuss the physical meaning of different contributions to spin polarization and compare them with previous work. The present formula provides machinery to convert the spin potential computed in, e.g., relativistic spin hydrodynamics to the spin polarization observable in,e.g., heavy-ion collisions.
基金D.M.,H.W.,R.J.,and T.M.gratefully acknowledge partial funding from NSF SI2-SSI award 1148011the Light Water Reactor Sustainability program,and Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP) 21-24382+1 种基金Y.-c.L.gratefully acknowledge the financial support from Graduate Student Study Abroad Program (GSSAP) (107-2917-I-006-008),project (110-2222-E-006-008) from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST)the Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) and MOST (110-2634-F-006-017) in Taiwan,China.
文摘Irradiation increases the yield stress and embrittles light water reactor(LWR)pressure vessel steels.In this study,we demonstrate some of the potential benefits and risks of using machine learning models to predict irradiation hardening extrapolated to low flux,high fluence,extended life conditions.The machine learning training data included the Irradiation Variable for lower flux irradiations up to an intermediate fluence,plus the Belgian Reactor 2 and Advanced Test Reactor 1 for very high flux irradiations,up to very high fluence.Notably,the machine learning model predictions for the high fluence,intermediate flux Advanced Test Reactor 2 irradiations are superior to extrapolations of existing hardening models.The successful extrapolations showed that machine learning models are capable of capturing key intermediate flux effects at high fluence.Similar approaches,applied to expanded databases,could be used to predict hardening in LWRs under life-extension conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[82160578]the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province[20212BCJ23024]the Health Department of Jiangxi Province[202130346].
文摘The low incidence of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma(cHCC-CCA)is an important factor limiting research progression.Our study extensively included nearly three decades of relevant literature and assembled the most comprehensive database comprising 5,742 patients with cHCC-CCA.We summarized the characteristics,tumor markers,and clinical features of these patients.Additionally,we present the evolution of cHCC-CCA classification and explain the underlying rationale for these classification standards.We reviewed cHCC-CCA diagnostic advances using imaging features,tumor markers,and postoperative pathology,as well as treatment options such as surgical,adjuvant,and immune-targeted therapies.In addition,recent advances in more effective chemotherapeutic regimens and immune-targeted therapies were explored.Furthermore,we described the molecular mutation features and potential specific markers of cHCC-CCA.The prognostic value of Nestin has been proven,and we speculate that Nestin will also play a role in classification and diagnosis.However,further research is needed.Moreover,we believe that the possibility of using machine learning liquid biopsy for preoperative diagnosis and establishing a scoring system are directions for future research.
基金X.-G.H.was supported by NSFC(11535012,11675041)K.M.was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M621345)。
文摘We develop a covariant kinetic theory for massive fermions in a curved spacetime and an external electromagnetic field based on quantum field theory.We derive four coupled semi-classical kinetic equations accurate to O(ℏ),which describe the transports of particle number and spin degrees of freedom.The relationship with chiral kinetic theory is discussed.As an application,we study spin polarization in the presence of finite Riemann curvature and an electromagnetic field in both local and global equilibrium states.
