Objective:To more rapidly and accurately obtain minimal erythema dose(MED)and minimal persistent pigment dose(MPPD)values in sun protection testing,we conducted a retrospective exploration of previous test data.Method...Objective:To more rapidly and accurately obtain minimal erythema dose(MED)and minimal persistent pigment dose(MPPD)values in sun protection testing,we conducted a retrospective exploration of previous test data.Methods:This retrospective study analyzed sunscreen test data collected from January 1,2021,to September 1,2024,among long-term East Asian residents in Shenzhen,China.We investigated correlations between skin color characteristics,age,seasonal variations,and UV sensitivity indicators(MED and MPPD).Results:The results indicate that in the population tested,there is a significant negative correlation between ITA°and the unprotected MED of participants(P<0.05),but no statistical correlation with the unprotected MPPD(P>0.05).There was a minimal correlation between participant age and both unprotected MED and MPPD.When compared to the other seasons,participants in winter exhibited significantly higher unprotected MED(P<0.05),and the unprotected MPPD was significantly higher in the autumn and winter than in spring and summer(P<0.05).Conclusion:In conclusion,defining proprietary predictive MED and MPPD values based on laboratory test population data in sunscreen efficacy testing enhances the probability of actual values conforming to preset gradients,thereby improving test success rates and overall efficiency.Moreover,while the impact of age is relatively minor,differences in skin color,population,and season do affect the results of MED and MPPD,which in turn influence the outcomes of sun protection product testing.Therefore,it may be necessary to conduct customized sun protection capability tests tailored to the product's target demographic and environmental context.展开更多
Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of white matter lesions.However,the mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in ferroptosis within white matter lesio...Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of white matter lesions.However,the mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in ferroptosis within white matter lesions remain unclear.Long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNAs)have been shown to influence the occurrence and development of these lesions.We previously identified lnc_011797 as a biomarker of white matter lesions by high-throughput sequencing.To investigate the mechanism by which lnc_011797 regulates white matter lesions,we established subjected human umbilical vein endothelial cells to oxygenglucose deprivation to simulate conditions associated with white matter lesions.The cells were transfected with lnc_011797 overexpression or knockdown lentiviruses.Our findings indicate that lnc_011797 promoted ferroptosis in these cells,leading to the formation of white matter lesions.Furthermore,lnc_011797 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA(ce RNA)for mi R-193b-3p,thereby regulating the expression of WNK1 and its downstream ferroptosis-related proteins.To validate the role of lnc_011797 in vivo,we established a mouse model of white matter lesions through bilateral common carotid artery stenosis.The results from this model confirmed that lnc_011797 regulates ferroptosis via WNK1 and promotes the development of white matter lesions.These findings clarify the mechanism by which lnc RNAs regulate white matter lesions,providing a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of white matter lesions.展开更多
In this study,the rotary movement of the tungsten needle in gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW)process was realized by direct current motor.The arc characteristics,the flow of molten pool and the microstructure and propert...In this study,the rotary movement of the tungsten needle in gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW)process was realized by direct current motor.The arc characteristics,the flow of molten pool and the microstructure and properties of the weld bead were studied.The results showed that the rotary motion of the tungsten needle transferred circumferential momentum to the arc as well as the molten pool,thereby conferring the latter with rotating fluid flow characteristics.Under the action of a relatively spiraling shielding gas,arc constriction occurred,and molten pool width dropped considerably.A finer and more uniform precipitated phase in the matrix,as well as a fewer large-medium pores,were achieved in the 5A06 aluminum alloy weld metal using this modified GTAW process,which noticeably increased the bending strength and tensile strength of weld metal and the microhardness of fusion zone.展开更多
Novel hydrogen storage materials have propelled progress in hydrogen storage technologies.Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))is a highly promising candidate.Nevertheless,several drawbacks,including the need for elevated therma...Novel hydrogen storage materials have propelled progress in hydrogen storage technologies.Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))is a highly promising candidate.Nevertheless,several drawbacks,including the need for elevated thermal conditions,sluggish dehydrogena-tion kinetics,and high thermodynamic stability,limit its practical application.One effective method of addressing these challenges is cata-lyst doping,which effectively boosts the hydrogen storage capability of Mg-based materials.Herein,we review recent advancements in catalyst-doped MgH_(2) composites,with particular focus on multicomponent and high-entropy catalysts.Structure-property relationships and catalytic mechanisms in these doping strategies are also summarized.Finally,based on existing challenges,we discuss future research directions for the development of Mg-based hydrogen storage systems.展开更多
Meeting the increasing demand for food and industrial products by the growing global population requires targeted efforts to improve crops,livestock,and microorganisms.Modern biotechnology,particularly genetic modific...Meeting the increasing demand for food and industrial products by the growing global population requires targeted efforts to improve crops,livestock,and microorganisms.Modern biotechnology,particularly genetic modification(GM)and genome-editing(GE)technologies,is crucial for food security and environmental sustainability.China,which is at the forefront of global biotechnological innovation and the rapid advancements in GM and GE technologies,has prioritized this field by implementing strategic programs such as the National High-tech Research&Development Program in 1986,the National Genetically Modified Organism New Variety Breeding Program in 2008,and the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project in 2022.Many biotechnological products have been widely commercialized in China,including biofertilizers,animal feed,animal vaccines,pesticides,and GM crops such as cotton(Gossypium hirsutum),maize(Zea mays),and soybean(Glycine max).In this review,we summarize progress on the research and utilization of GM and GE organisms in China over the past 3 decades and provide perspectives on their further development.This review thus aims to promote worldwide academic exchange and contribute to the further development and commercial success of agricultural biotechnology.展开更多
With the continuous development of electronic devices and the information industry towards miniaturization,integration,and high-power consumption,the using of electronic devices will inevitably generate and accumulate...With the continuous development of electronic devices and the information industry towards miniaturization,integration,and high-power consumption,the using of electronic devices will inevitably generate and accumulate heat,which will cause local high temperatures and will seriously reduce their performance,reliability,and lifetime.Therefore,having efficient heat-conducting functional materials is crucial to the normal and stable operation of electrical equipment and microelectronic products.In view of the excellent comprehensive performance of polymer-based thermally conductive materials(including intrinsic polymers and filler-filled polymer-based composites),it has shown great advantages in thermal management applications.In this review,the research status of preparing polymer-based thermally conductive composites and effective strategies to improve their thermal conductivity(TC)are reviewed.Compared with the higher cost and technical support with adjusting the molecular chain structure and cross-linking mode to improve the intrinsic TC of the polymer,introducing suitable fillers into the polymer to build a thermally conductive network or oriented structure can simply and efficiently improve the overall TC.Typical applications of polymer-based composites were discussed with detailed examples in the field of electronic packaging.Challenges and possible solutions to solve the issues are discussed together with the perspectives.This study provides guidance for the future development of polymer-based thermally conductive composites.展开更多
Malformations of cortical development(MCDs)represent one of the most common causes of childhood-onset epilepsy,and are often refractory to antiseizure medications(Guerrini,2006;Guerrini and Dobyns,2014;Severino et al....Malformations of cortical development(MCDs)represent one of the most common causes of childhood-onset epilepsy,and are often refractory to antiseizure medications(Guerrini,2006;Guerrini and Dobyns,2014;Severino et al.,2020).Mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia in epilepsy(MOGHE)is a newly recognized subtype of Focal Cortical Dysplasia(FCD),which was officially added to the FCD classification in 2022 by the International League Against Epilepsy(ILAE)(Najm et al.,2022).展开更多
1.Introduction B_(4)C ceramics have high potential for use in aerospace,military,nuclear energy,and other fields owing to their excellent properties such as low density,high melting point,high hardness,high chem-ical ...1.Introduction B_(4)C ceramics have high potential for use in aerospace,military,nuclear energy,and other fields owing to their excellent properties such as low density,high melting point,high hardness,high chem-ical stability,excellent wear resistance,and good neutron absorp-tion ability[1-3].However,the fracture toughness(1.9 MPa·m^(1/2))of B_(4)C is poor[2].Furthermore,the low diffusion coefficient asso-ciated with the strong covalent bond of B_(4)C makes it very difficult to achieve densification through traditional pressureless sintering.For example,after the pressureless sintering of B_(4)C at 2375℃ for 1 h,Roy et al.[4]achieved a relative density of only 87%.展开更多
Solar-driven thermo-electric generation(STEG)emerges as a promising solution to mitigate the global en-ergy shortage.However,the practical application of conventional photothermal materials equipped with STEG is limit...Solar-driven thermo-electric generation(STEG)emerges as a promising solution to mitigate the global en-ergy shortage.However,the practical application of conventional photothermal materials equipped with STEG is limited due to low solar thermal conversion efficiency.Herein,we fabricated an epoxy resin(EP)nanocomposite,EP/CCA80,with excellent photo-thermal-electric conversion properties by embedding a vertically aligned aerogel consisting of cellulose nanofibers(CNF)and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CMWCNTs)into a transparent EP matrix.EP/CCA80 composites possessed a broad light ab-sorption range from 200 nm to 2500 nm and excellent photothermal properties.Under illumination of 1.0 kW m^(-2),EP/CCA80 achieved a notable stable temperature of 93.2℃ and a photothermal conversion efficiency of up to 54.35%with only 0.65 wt%CMWCNTs inclusion.Additionally,coupled with thermo-electric(TE)devices,the EP/CCA80 composite facilitated a significant temperature difference and voltage output of up to 25.3℃ and 160.29 mV(1.0 kW m^(-2)),respectively,which could power a small fan to rotate at a speed of 193 min^(-1).Such materials are poised to offer viable solutions for enhancing energy accessibility in remote regions,thereby contributing to the reduction of energy shortages and environ-mental degradation.展开更多
Sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food.Polysaccharide,as one of its primary active components,has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary su...Sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food.Polysaccharide,as one of its primary active components,has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary supplement for functional foods,with good commercial prospects.Although initial progress has been made in the study of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,related studies have been fragmented and lacked systematic and generalization.This manuscript presents a critical analysis and systematic summary of the extraction and purification methods,structural characterization and physicochemical properties,biological activity and potential mechanisms,and structure-activity relationships of sea buckthorn polysaccharides.Accumulating evidence has indicated that sea buckthorn polysaccharides,which were widely prepared by water extraction and column chromatography purifications,exhibited exhibit superior biological activities in vitro and in vivo,including antioxidant,immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,hepatorenal protective,antibacterial,antiviral,and prebiotic activities.After analysis,it was concluded that there is a correlation between the relevant activities of sea buckthorn polysaccharides and that the structure of sea buckthorn polysaccharides has a great influence on their biological activity.We reviewed the challenges and limitations of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,summarized the critical aspects,and provided suggestions for potential breakthroughs in the research and application of sea buckthorn polysaccharide.展开更多
Advances in the identification of molecular biomarkers and the development of targeted therapies have enhanced the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer.Several established biomarkers have been widely int...Advances in the identification of molecular biomarkers and the development of targeted therapies have enhanced the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer.Several established biomarkers have been widely integrated into routine clinical diagnostics of gastric cancer to guide personalized treatment.Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)was the first molecular biomarker to be used in gastric cancer with trastuzumab being the first approved targeted therapy for HER2-positive gastric cancer.Programmed death-ligand 1 positivity and microsatellite instability can guide the use of immunotherapies,such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab.More recently,zolbetuximab has been approved for patients with claudin 18.2-positive diseases in some countries.More targeted therapies,including savolitinib for MET-positive patients,are currently under clinical investigation.However,the clinical application of these diagnostic approaches could be hampered by many existing challenges,including invasive and costly sampling methods,variability in immunohistochemistry interpretation,high costs and long turnaround times for next-generation sequencing,the absence of standardized and clinically validated diagnostic cut-off values for some biomarkers,and tumor heterogeneity.Novel testing and analysis techniques,such as artificial intelligence-assisted image analysis and multiplex immunohistochemistry,and emerging therapeutic strategies,including combination therapies that integrate immune checkpoint inhibitors with targeted therapies,offer potential solutions to some of these challenges.This article reviews recent progress in gastric cancer testing,outlines current challenges,and explores future directions for biomarker testing and targeted therapy for gastric cancer.展开更多
Magnesium and its alloys have been initially applied to biliary tract surgery.Currently,few reports on the degradation behavior of magnesium in the bile environment were investigated.Thus,in-depth research on the degr...Magnesium and its alloys have been initially applied to biliary tract surgery.Currently,few reports on the degradation behavior of magnesium in the bile environment were investigated.Thus,in-depth research on the degradation behavior of Mg and its alloys in bile is beneficial to the further application of Mg in biliary tract surgery.In this study,the degradation behavior of HP-Mg(HPM)and Mg-2 wt.%Zn(MZ2)alloys in human bile and Hanks balanced salt solution(HBSS)was systematically investigated.The MZ2 alloy biliary stent was implanted into the porcine common bile duct to study the degradation behavior of MZ2 alloy in vivo,and to verify the biosafety of MZ2 alloys degradation in the bile duct.It was found that the degradation product layer formed by MZ2 alloys in bile consisted of three layers,including organic matter(fatty acid,etc.),calcium and magnesium phosphate,and Mg(OH)2/MgO,respectively from the outside to the inside.The multi-layered degradation product layer slowed down the corrosion of the Mg matrix.During the 21 days of stent implantation,the degradation rate of the MZ2 stent was about 0.83 mm/y,there was no blockage and stenosis of the tube diameter,and the bile drainage function was normal.展开更多
Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent sensory disorders affecting the human nervous system.Liquid–liquid phase separation(LLPS)is a physiological process that facilitates the reversible and dynamic assembly of bi...Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent sensory disorders affecting the human nervous system.Liquid–liquid phase separation(LLPS)is a physiological process that facilitates the reversible and dynamic assembly of biomolecular condensates.Increasing evidence suggests that LLPS plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of hereditary hearing loss.Nevertheless,there is a conspicuous lack of systematic investigations exploring the impact of LLPS abnormalities on the etiology of hereditary hearing loss.In this review,we examine the mechanisms by which dysfunctions in LLPS contribute to hereditary hearing loss,specifically focusing on its effects on mechanoelectrical transduction in hair bundles,transcriptional regulation,post-transcriptional modifications,the actin cytoskeleton,ion homeostasis within the inner ear,and energy and redox homeostasis.Furthermore,we evaluate the considerable potential of targeting LLPS as a therapeutic approach for hearing loss and propose innovative perspectives on LLPS that may guide future research initiatives in the field of auditory disorders.展开更多
WS_(2),a two-dimensional layered material,is promising as sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)anode due to its large lnterlamellar spacing and high sodium storage capacity.However,its low electronic conductivity and high Na^(+)...WS_(2),a two-dimensional layered material,is promising as sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)anode due to its large lnterlamellar spacing and high sodium storage capacity.However,its low electronic conductivity and high Na^(+)adsorption energy hinder reaction kinetics.Here we demonstrate that substituting Se for part of the S in WS_(2)reduces interlayer Na^(+)adsorption and increases electronic conductivity.Based on this finding,lamellar WSSe,grown in situ on peanut shell-derived carbon(PSDC/WSSe),is elaborately designed as a highly stable SIB anode with a fast kinetic.PSDC/WSSe with carbon matrix and Se substitution simultaneously provides fast electron transport channels and lowered Na^(+)transport barriers(0.22 eV).The PSDC/WSSe anode offers a considerable reversible sodium storage capacity(288.0 mAh g^(-1)after 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1))and a fast kinetic reaction.A SIB full-cell using a PSDC/WSSe anode and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode achieves a 215.4 Wh kg^(-1)high energy density,and successfully powers LEDs.This work offers new strategies to lower sodium ion transportation barrier in two-dimensional layered materials.展开更多
Haemaphysalis longicornis serves as the primary tick vector for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),the etiological agent responsible for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS).Understa...Haemaphysalis longicornis serves as the primary tick vector for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),the etiological agent responsible for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS).Understanding alterations in tick salivary gland microbiota during SFTSV transmission to vertebrate hosts is essential for developing novel control strategies.However,microbial shifts in tick salivary glands during pathogen transmission to hosts have not been reported for any tick-borne pathogens.In this study,SFTSV transmission from H.longicornis to vertebrate hosts was confirmed using a tickrabbit transmission model.Salivary gland microbiota profiling via 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified significant changes in bacterial composition associated with viral transmission.The relative abundance of three genera(Serratia,Bifidobacterium,and Akkermansia)increased,whereas five genera(Flavobacterium,Staphylococcus,Enhydrobacter,Massilia,and Stenotrophomonas)decreased.Correlation network analysis revealed a negative association between Akkermansia and Flavobacterium.These findings demonstrated that SFTSV transmission alters the salivary gland microbiota of H.longicornis,providing insights for future functional studies and the development of targeted strategies for SFTS control.展开更多
Blade Tip Timing(BTT)enables non-contact measurements of rotating blades by placing probes strategically.Due to the uneven probe layout,BTT signals exhibit periodic irregularities.While recovering parameters like freq...Blade Tip Timing(BTT)enables non-contact measurements of rotating blades by placing probes strategically.Due to the uneven probe layout,BTT signals exhibit periodic irregularities.While recovering parameters like frequency from such signals is possible,achieving high-precision vibration parameters remains challenging.This paper proposed a novel two-stage off-grid estimation method.It leverages a unique array layout(coprime array)to obtain a regular augmented covariance matrix.Subsequently,parameters in the matrix are recovered using the sparse iterative covariance-based estimation method based on covariance fitting criteria.Finally,high-precision estimates of imprecise parameters are obtained using unconditional maximum likelihood estimation,effectively eliminating the effects of basis mismatch.Through substantial numerical and experimental validation,the proposed method demonstrates significantly higher accuracy compared to classical BTT parameter estimation methods,approaching the lower bound of unbiased estimation variance.Furthermore,due to its immunity to frequency gridding,it can track minor frequency deviations,making it more suitable for indicating blade condition.展开更多
Stratigraphic correlations are essential for the fine-scale characterization of reservoirs.However,conventional data-driven methods that rely solely on log data struggle to construct isochronous stratigraphic framewor...Stratigraphic correlations are essential for the fine-scale characterization of reservoirs.However,conventional data-driven methods that rely solely on log data struggle to construct isochronous stratigraphic frameworks for complex sedimentary environments and multi-source geological settings.In response,this study proposed an intelligent,automatic,log-seismic integrated stratigraphic correlation method that incorporates wavelet frequency-division transform(WFT)and dynamic time warping(DTW)(also referred to as the WFT-DTW method).This approach integrates seismic data as constraints into stratigraphic correlations,enabling accurate tracking of the seismic marker horizons through WFT.Under the constraints of framework construction,a DTW algorithm was introduced to correlate sublayer boundaries automatically.The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through a stratigraphic correlation experiment on the SA0 Formation of the Xingshugang block in the Lasaxing oilfield,the Songliao Basin,China.In this block,the target layer exhibits sublayer thicknesses ranging from 5 m to 8 m,an average sandstone thickness of 2.1 m,and pronounced heterogeneity.The verification using 1760 layers in 160 post-test wells indicates that the WFT-DTW method intelligently compared sublayers in zones with underdeveloped faults and distinct marker horizons.As a result,the posterior correlation of 1682 layers was performed,with a coincidence rate of up to 95.6%.The proposed method can complement manual correlation efforts while also providing valuable technical support for the lithologic and sand body characterization of reservoirs.展开更多
Hydrocarbons(HCs),as major poisoning substances,have a crucial influence on NH_(3)-SCR catalysts.In this work,the effects of C_(3)H_(6)on fresh and hydrothermally aged Cu-SSZ-39 catalysts with different copper content...Hydrocarbons(HCs),as major poisoning substances,have a crucial influence on NH_(3)-SCR catalysts.In this work,the effects of C_(3)H_(6)on fresh and hydrothermally aged Cu-SSZ-39 catalysts with different copper contents were investigated.All catalysts suffered a deactivation above 250℃,especially between 300-400℃,which was mainly related to the reaction between NH_(3)and C_(3)H_(6).However,the hydrothermally aged and the high-copper-loaded Cu-SSZ-39 catalysts could achieve a recovery of NH_(3)-SCR performance at high temperatures.Such activity recovery was attributed to the oxidation of C_(3)H_(6)by CuxOy species,which therefore inhibited the reaction between NH_(3)and C_(3)H_(6).As a result,more NH_(3)could be available for the NH_(3)-SCR reaction and the Cu-SSZ-39 catalysts could maintain a good catalytic activity.Based on these findings,we proposed that high loaded Cu-SSZ-39 catalysts with a little CuOx formed are preferred for application.展开更多
Compared to aqueous-phase electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR),lithium-mediated NRR(Li-NRR)theoretically enhances the intrinsic activity of NH3 production through spontaneous exothermic reactions between ...Compared to aqueous-phase electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR),lithium-mediated NRR(Li-NRR)theoretically enhances the intrinsic activity of NH3 production through spontaneous exothermic reactions between Li and N_(2).However,the in-situ generated solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)during the reaction slows down the Li^(+)transport and nucleation kinetics,which further hinders the subsequent activation and protonation processes.Herein,a sophisticated amorphous-crystalline heterostructured SEI of Zn-LiF is formed by additive engineering.The concerted electron interplay between amorphous and crystalline domains is prone to generate lithiophobic Zn and lithiophilic LiF sites,where lithiophobic Zn accelerates Li^(+)diffusion within the SEI and avoids high concentration polarization,and lithiophilic LiF ensures homogeneous nucleation of diffused Li^(+)and its participation in subsequent reactions.Therefore,compared to conventional SEI,a more than 8-fold performance improvement is achieved in the additive-engineered heterogeneous lithiophobic-lithiophilic SEI,which exhibits a high NH_(3)yield rate of 11.58 nmol s^(−1)cm^(−2)and a Faradaic efficiency of 32.97%.Thus,exploiting the synergistic effects in heterogeneous lithiophobic-lithiophilic structures to achieve functional complementarity between different components opens a new avenue toward high-performance Li-NRR.展开更多
The conversion of saline-alkali soils into paddy fields for long-term rice cultivation involves multiple disturbances,and as a result,soil microbial communities are altered to adapt to changing environmental condition...The conversion of saline-alkali soils into paddy fields for long-term rice cultivation involves multiple disturbances,and as a result,soil microbial communities are altered to adapt to changing environmental conditions.However,a comprehensive understanding of the succession of soil bacterial communities that occurs during this process is still lacking.In the present study,we utilized data obtained from paddy fields of different rice cultivation years(0-23 years)to investigate the compositional and functional succession of soil bacterial communities.We focused on core bacterial taxa that were specifically enriched at different successional stages.Generalized joint attribute modeling(GJAM)was used to identify core bacterial taxa.Results indicated that the bare saline-alkali soil(0 year,prior to any rice cultivation)shared few core amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)with paddy fields.In the bare saline-alkali soil,Longimicrobiaceae from the phylum Gemmatimonadetes was dominant,while the dominance was subsequently replaced by Burkholderiaceae and Pedosphaeraceae--phyla affiliated with Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia--after 5 and 23 years of rice cultivation,respectively.The relative abundances of nitrogen metabolism functions in the core bacterial communities of the bare saline-alkali soil were higher than those at other successional stages,while sulfur metabolism functions exhibited the opposite trend.These indicated that the role of the core bacterial taxa in mediating nutrient cycling also evolved and adapted to changing soil conditions as rice cultivation was established.Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that the composition of the core bacterial community in paddy fields with rice cultivation for 0,2 and 4,6,8,10,and 12,and 20 and 23 years were driven by soil nitrate nitrogen content,pH,available phosphorus content,and the ratio of total carbon to total nitrogen,respectively.In summary,the present study provides insights into the succession of soil bacterial communities and core bacterial taxa that occurs during long-term rice cultivation.展开更多
文摘Objective:To more rapidly and accurately obtain minimal erythema dose(MED)and minimal persistent pigment dose(MPPD)values in sun protection testing,we conducted a retrospective exploration of previous test data.Methods:This retrospective study analyzed sunscreen test data collected from January 1,2021,to September 1,2024,among long-term East Asian residents in Shenzhen,China.We investigated correlations between skin color characteristics,age,seasonal variations,and UV sensitivity indicators(MED and MPPD).Results:The results indicate that in the population tested,there is a significant negative correlation between ITA°and the unprotected MED of participants(P<0.05),but no statistical correlation with the unprotected MPPD(P>0.05).There was a minimal correlation between participant age and both unprotected MED and MPPD.When compared to the other seasons,participants in winter exhibited significantly higher unprotected MED(P<0.05),and the unprotected MPPD was significantly higher in the autumn and winter than in spring and summer(P<0.05).Conclusion:In conclusion,defining proprietary predictive MED and MPPD values based on laboratory test population data in sunscreen efficacy testing enhances the probability of actual values conforming to preset gradients,thereby improving test success rates and overall efficiency.Moreover,while the impact of age is relatively minor,differences in skin color,population,and season do affect the results of MED and MPPD,which in turn influence the outcomes of sun protection product testing.Therefore,it may be necessary to conduct customized sun protection capability tests tailored to the product's target demographic and environmental context.
基金supported by the Qingdao Medical Health Research Project,No.2023-WJZD212(to XX)。
文摘Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of white matter lesions.However,the mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in ferroptosis within white matter lesions remain unclear.Long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNAs)have been shown to influence the occurrence and development of these lesions.We previously identified lnc_011797 as a biomarker of white matter lesions by high-throughput sequencing.To investigate the mechanism by which lnc_011797 regulates white matter lesions,we established subjected human umbilical vein endothelial cells to oxygenglucose deprivation to simulate conditions associated with white matter lesions.The cells were transfected with lnc_011797 overexpression or knockdown lentiviruses.Our findings indicate that lnc_011797 promoted ferroptosis in these cells,leading to the formation of white matter lesions.Furthermore,lnc_011797 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA(ce RNA)for mi R-193b-3p,thereby regulating the expression of WNK1 and its downstream ferroptosis-related proteins.To validate the role of lnc_011797 in vivo,we established a mouse model of white matter lesions through bilateral common carotid artery stenosis.The results from this model confirmed that lnc_011797 regulates ferroptosis via WNK1 and promotes the development of white matter lesions.These findings clarify the mechanism by which lnc RNAs regulate white matter lesions,providing a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of white matter lesions.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52175305)National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B20127)Taishan Scholars Project(tstp20230618).
文摘In this study,the rotary movement of the tungsten needle in gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW)process was realized by direct current motor.The arc characteristics,the flow of molten pool and the microstructure and properties of the weld bead were studied.The results showed that the rotary motion of the tungsten needle transferred circumferential momentum to the arc as well as the molten pool,thereby conferring the latter with rotating fluid flow characteristics.Under the action of a relatively spiraling shielding gas,arc constriction occurred,and molten pool width dropped considerably.A finer and more uniform precipitated phase in the matrix,as well as a fewer large-medium pores,were achieved in the 5A06 aluminum alloy weld metal using this modified GTAW process,which noticeably increased the bending strength and tensile strength of weld metal and the microhardness of fusion zone.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2021YFB4000604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52271220)+2 种基金the 111 Project (No. B12015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Science Research and Technology Development Project of Guilin (No. 20210102-4)
文摘Novel hydrogen storage materials have propelled progress in hydrogen storage technologies.Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))is a highly promising candidate.Nevertheless,several drawbacks,including the need for elevated thermal conditions,sluggish dehydrogena-tion kinetics,and high thermodynamic stability,limit its practical application.One effective method of addressing these challenges is cata-lyst doping,which effectively boosts the hydrogen storage capability of Mg-based materials.Herein,we review recent advancements in catalyst-doped MgH_(2) composites,with particular focus on multicomponent and high-entropy catalysts.Structure-property relationships and catalytic mechanisms in these doping strategies are also summarized.Finally,based on existing challenges,we discuss future research directions for the development of Mg-based hydrogen storage systems.
基金Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2022ZD04021).
文摘Meeting the increasing demand for food and industrial products by the growing global population requires targeted efforts to improve crops,livestock,and microorganisms.Modern biotechnology,particularly genetic modification(GM)and genome-editing(GE)technologies,is crucial for food security and environmental sustainability.China,which is at the forefront of global biotechnological innovation and the rapid advancements in GM and GE technologies,has prioritized this field by implementing strategic programs such as the National High-tech Research&Development Program in 1986,the National Genetically Modified Organism New Variety Breeding Program in 2008,and the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project in 2022.Many biotechnological products have been widely commercialized in China,including biofertilizers,animal feed,animal vaccines,pesticides,and GM crops such as cotton(Gossypium hirsutum),maize(Zea mays),and soybean(Glycine max).In this review,we summarize progress on the research and utilization of GM and GE organisms in China over the past 3 decades and provide perspectives on their further development.This review thus aims to promote worldwide academic exchange and contribute to the further development and commercial success of agricultural biotechnology.
基金We acknowledge the Henan Young Backbone Teachers Foundation(No.2021GGJS135)。
文摘With the continuous development of electronic devices and the information industry towards miniaturization,integration,and high-power consumption,the using of electronic devices will inevitably generate and accumulate heat,which will cause local high temperatures and will seriously reduce their performance,reliability,and lifetime.Therefore,having efficient heat-conducting functional materials is crucial to the normal and stable operation of electrical equipment and microelectronic products.In view of the excellent comprehensive performance of polymer-based thermally conductive materials(including intrinsic polymers and filler-filled polymer-based composites),it has shown great advantages in thermal management applications.In this review,the research status of preparing polymer-based thermally conductive composites and effective strategies to improve their thermal conductivity(TC)are reviewed.Compared with the higher cost and technical support with adjusting the molecular chain structure and cross-linking mode to improve the intrinsic TC of the polymer,introducing suitable fillers into the polymer to build a thermally conductive network or oriented structure can simply and efficiently improve the overall TC.Typical applications of polymer-based composites were discussed with detailed examples in the field of electronic packaging.Challenges and possible solutions to solve the issues are discussed together with the perspectives.This study provides guidance for the future development of polymer-based thermally conductive composites.
基金support from the following grants:the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(7242149,L202034,7244416)the E-Town Cooperation&Development Foundation(YCXJ-JZ-2023-017)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82171694,81901155)National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(High Quality Clinical Research Project of Peking University First Hospital)(23cz020202)National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(Youth Clinical Research Project of Peking University First Hospital)(2023YC19)National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(Scientific Research Seed Fund of Peking University First Hospital)(2023SF42).
文摘Malformations of cortical development(MCDs)represent one of the most common causes of childhood-onset epilepsy,and are often refractory to antiseizure medications(Guerrini,2006;Guerrini and Dobyns,2014;Severino et al.,2020).Mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia in epilepsy(MOGHE)is a newly recognized subtype of Focal Cortical Dysplasia(FCD),which was officially added to the FCD classification in 2022 by the International League Against Epilepsy(ILAE)(Najm et al.,2022).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(No.52372061)the Project of the Education Department of Jilin Province(No.JJKH20231163KJ).
文摘1.Introduction B_(4)C ceramics have high potential for use in aerospace,military,nuclear energy,and other fields owing to their excellent properties such as low density,high melting point,high hardness,high chem-ical stability,excellent wear resistance,and good neutron absorp-tion ability[1-3].However,the fracture toughness(1.9 MPa·m^(1/2))of B_(4)C is poor[2].Furthermore,the low diffusion coefficient asso-ciated with the strong covalent bond of B_(4)C makes it very difficult to achieve densification through traditional pressureless sintering.For example,after the pressureless sintering of B_(4)C at 2375℃ for 1 h,Roy et al.[4]achieved a relative density of only 87%.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52073043 and 52173069)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2572022CG03)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Projects in Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.GZ20210089)the Australian Research Council(Grant Nos.LP220100278,DP240102628,and DP240102728).
文摘Solar-driven thermo-electric generation(STEG)emerges as a promising solution to mitigate the global en-ergy shortage.However,the practical application of conventional photothermal materials equipped with STEG is limited due to low solar thermal conversion efficiency.Herein,we fabricated an epoxy resin(EP)nanocomposite,EP/CCA80,with excellent photo-thermal-electric conversion properties by embedding a vertically aligned aerogel consisting of cellulose nanofibers(CNF)and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CMWCNTs)into a transparent EP matrix.EP/CCA80 composites possessed a broad light ab-sorption range from 200 nm to 2500 nm and excellent photothermal properties.Under illumination of 1.0 kW m^(-2),EP/CCA80 achieved a notable stable temperature of 93.2℃ and a photothermal conversion efficiency of up to 54.35%with only 0.65 wt%CMWCNTs inclusion.Additionally,coupled with thermo-electric(TE)devices,the EP/CCA80 composite facilitated a significant temperature difference and voltage output of up to 25.3℃ and 160.29 mV(1.0 kW m^(-2)),respectively,which could power a small fan to rotate at a speed of 193 min^(-1).Such materials are poised to offer viable solutions for enhancing energy accessibility in remote regions,thereby contributing to the reduction of energy shortages and environ-mental degradation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201994)。
文摘Sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food.Polysaccharide,as one of its primary active components,has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary supplement for functional foods,with good commercial prospects.Although initial progress has been made in the study of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,related studies have been fragmented and lacked systematic and generalization.This manuscript presents a critical analysis and systematic summary of the extraction and purification methods,structural characterization and physicochemical properties,biological activity and potential mechanisms,and structure-activity relationships of sea buckthorn polysaccharides.Accumulating evidence has indicated that sea buckthorn polysaccharides,which were widely prepared by water extraction and column chromatography purifications,exhibited exhibit superior biological activities in vitro and in vivo,including antioxidant,immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,hepatorenal protective,antibacterial,antiviral,and prebiotic activities.After analysis,it was concluded that there is a correlation between the relevant activities of sea buckthorn polysaccharides and that the structure of sea buckthorn polysaccharides has a great influence on their biological activity.We reviewed the challenges and limitations of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,summarized the critical aspects,and provided suggestions for potential breakthroughs in the research and application of sea buckthorn polysaccharide.
基金support by grants from Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(Grant No.2024-2-1024)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.7232018).
文摘Advances in the identification of molecular biomarkers and the development of targeted therapies have enhanced the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer.Several established biomarkers have been widely integrated into routine clinical diagnostics of gastric cancer to guide personalized treatment.Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)was the first molecular biomarker to be used in gastric cancer with trastuzumab being the first approved targeted therapy for HER2-positive gastric cancer.Programmed death-ligand 1 positivity and microsatellite instability can guide the use of immunotherapies,such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab.More recently,zolbetuximab has been approved for patients with claudin 18.2-positive diseases in some countries.More targeted therapies,including savolitinib for MET-positive patients,are currently under clinical investigation.However,the clinical application of these diagnostic approaches could be hampered by many existing challenges,including invasive and costly sampling methods,variability in immunohistochemistry interpretation,high costs and long turnaround times for next-generation sequencing,the absence of standardized and clinically validated diagnostic cut-off values for some biomarkers,and tumor heterogeneity.Novel testing and analysis techniques,such as artificial intelligence-assisted image analysis and multiplex immunohistochemistry,and emerging therapeutic strategies,including combination therapies that integrate immune checkpoint inhibitors with targeted therapies,offer potential solutions to some of these challenges.This article reviews recent progress in gastric cancer testing,outlines current challenges,and explores future directions for biomarker testing and targeted therapy for gastric cancer.
基金supported by the Sci-ence and technology commission of Shanghai Municipal-ity(No.19441905600)the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Interdisciplinary(Biomedical Engineering)Research Fund(No.ZH2018ZDA09)+2 种基金Clinical Research Plan of SHDC(No.SHDC2020CR3036B)China Postdoctoral Science Founda-tion(No.2021M702090)Changshu Science and Technology Program(Industrial)Project(No.CG202107).
文摘Magnesium and its alloys have been initially applied to biliary tract surgery.Currently,few reports on the degradation behavior of magnesium in the bile environment were investigated.Thus,in-depth research on the degradation behavior of Mg and its alloys in bile is beneficial to the further application of Mg in biliary tract surgery.In this study,the degradation behavior of HP-Mg(HPM)and Mg-2 wt.%Zn(MZ2)alloys in human bile and Hanks balanced salt solution(HBSS)was systematically investigated.The MZ2 alloy biliary stent was implanted into the porcine common bile duct to study the degradation behavior of MZ2 alloy in vivo,and to verify the biosafety of MZ2 alloys degradation in the bile duct.It was found that the degradation product layer formed by MZ2 alloys in bile consisted of three layers,including organic matter(fatty acid,etc.),calcium and magnesium phosphate,and Mg(OH)2/MgO,respectively from the outside to the inside.The multi-layered degradation product layer slowed down the corrosion of the Mg matrix.During the 21 days of stent implantation,the degradation rate of the MZ2 stent was about 0.83 mm/y,there was no blockage and stenosis of the tube diameter,and the bile drainage function was normal.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82430035)the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of Hubei Province(2023AFA038)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0702303,2024YFC2511101,and 2023YFE0203200)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024BRA019).
文摘Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent sensory disorders affecting the human nervous system.Liquid–liquid phase separation(LLPS)is a physiological process that facilitates the reversible and dynamic assembly of biomolecular condensates.Increasing evidence suggests that LLPS plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of hereditary hearing loss.Nevertheless,there is a conspicuous lack of systematic investigations exploring the impact of LLPS abnormalities on the etiology of hereditary hearing loss.In this review,we examine the mechanisms by which dysfunctions in LLPS contribute to hereditary hearing loss,specifically focusing on its effects on mechanoelectrical transduction in hair bundles,transcriptional regulation,post-transcriptional modifications,the actin cytoskeleton,ion homeostasis within the inner ear,and energy and redox homeostasis.Furthermore,we evaluate the considerable potential of targeting LLPS as a therapeutic approach for hearing loss and propose innovative perspectives on LLPS that may guide future research initiatives in the field of auditory disorders.
基金financially supported by the Key R&D Plan of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2023-YBGY-492)financial support from the Australian Research Councilthe QUT Capacity Building Professor Program。
文摘WS_(2),a two-dimensional layered material,is promising as sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)anode due to its large lnterlamellar spacing and high sodium storage capacity.However,its low electronic conductivity and high Na^(+)adsorption energy hinder reaction kinetics.Here we demonstrate that substituting Se for part of the S in WS_(2)reduces interlayer Na^(+)adsorption and increases electronic conductivity.Based on this finding,lamellar WSSe,grown in situ on peanut shell-derived carbon(PSDC/WSSe),is elaborately designed as a highly stable SIB anode with a fast kinetic.PSDC/WSSe with carbon matrix and Se substitution simultaneously provides fast electron transport channels and lowered Na^(+)transport barriers(0.22 eV).The PSDC/WSSe anode offers a considerable reversible sodium storage capacity(288.0 mAh g^(-1)after 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1))and a fast kinetic reaction.A SIB full-cell using a PSDC/WSSe anode and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode achieves a 215.4 Wh kg^(-1)high energy density,and successfully powers LEDs.This work offers new strategies to lower sodium ion transportation barrier in two-dimensional layered materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82102433,32160124,32370522,32090014)Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(822RC711,821QN254)。
文摘Haemaphysalis longicornis serves as the primary tick vector for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),the etiological agent responsible for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS).Understanding alterations in tick salivary gland microbiota during SFTSV transmission to vertebrate hosts is essential for developing novel control strategies.However,microbial shifts in tick salivary glands during pathogen transmission to hosts have not been reported for any tick-borne pathogens.In this study,SFTSV transmission from H.longicornis to vertebrate hosts was confirmed using a tickrabbit transmission model.Salivary gland microbiota profiling via 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified significant changes in bacterial composition associated with viral transmission.The relative abundance of three genera(Serratia,Bifidobacterium,and Akkermansia)increased,whereas five genera(Flavobacterium,Staphylococcus,Enhydrobacter,Massilia,and Stenotrophomonas)decreased.Correlation network analysis revealed a negative association between Akkermansia and Flavobacterium.These findings demonstrated that SFTSV transmission alters the salivary gland microbiota of H.longicornis,providing insights for future functional studies and the development of targeted strategies for SFTS control.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52105117,52222504&51875433)the Funds for Distinguished Young talent of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2019JC-04)。
文摘Blade Tip Timing(BTT)enables non-contact measurements of rotating blades by placing probes strategically.Due to the uneven probe layout,BTT signals exhibit periodic irregularities.While recovering parameters like frequency from such signals is possible,achieving high-precision vibration parameters remains challenging.This paper proposed a novel two-stage off-grid estimation method.It leverages a unique array layout(coprime array)to obtain a regular augmented covariance matrix.Subsequently,parameters in the matrix are recovered using the sparse iterative covariance-based estimation method based on covariance fitting criteria.Finally,high-precision estimates of imprecise parameters are obtained using unconditional maximum likelihood estimation,effectively eliminating the effects of basis mismatch.Through substantial numerical and experimental validation,the proposed method demonstrates significantly higher accuracy compared to classical BTT parameter estimation methods,approaching the lower bound of unbiased estimation variance.Furthermore,due to its immunity to frequency gridding,it can track minor frequency deviations,making it more suitable for indicating blade condition.
基金funded by the Major Science and Technology Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(No.2023ZZ22YJ01).
文摘Stratigraphic correlations are essential for the fine-scale characterization of reservoirs.However,conventional data-driven methods that rely solely on log data struggle to construct isochronous stratigraphic frameworks for complex sedimentary environments and multi-source geological settings.In response,this study proposed an intelligent,automatic,log-seismic integrated stratigraphic correlation method that incorporates wavelet frequency-division transform(WFT)and dynamic time warping(DTW)(also referred to as the WFT-DTW method).This approach integrates seismic data as constraints into stratigraphic correlations,enabling accurate tracking of the seismic marker horizons through WFT.Under the constraints of framework construction,a DTW algorithm was introduced to correlate sublayer boundaries automatically.The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through a stratigraphic correlation experiment on the SA0 Formation of the Xingshugang block in the Lasaxing oilfield,the Songliao Basin,China.In this block,the target layer exhibits sublayer thicknesses ranging from 5 m to 8 m,an average sandstone thickness of 2.1 m,and pronounced heterogeneity.The verification using 1760 layers in 160 post-test wells indicates that the WFT-DTW method intelligently compared sublayers in zones with underdeveloped faults and distinct marker horizons.As a result,the posterior correlation of 1682 layers was performed,with a coincidence rate of up to 95.6%.The proposed method can complement manual correlation efforts while also providing valuable technical support for the lithologic and sand body characterization of reservoirs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52200136,52270112)National Energy-Saving and Low-Carbon Materials Production and Application Demonstration Platform Program(No.TC220H06N)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2022QNRC001)。
文摘Hydrocarbons(HCs),as major poisoning substances,have a crucial influence on NH_(3)-SCR catalysts.In this work,the effects of C_(3)H_(6)on fresh and hydrothermally aged Cu-SSZ-39 catalysts with different copper contents were investigated.All catalysts suffered a deactivation above 250℃,especially between 300-400℃,which was mainly related to the reaction between NH_(3)and C_(3)H_(6).However,the hydrothermally aged and the high-copper-loaded Cu-SSZ-39 catalysts could achieve a recovery of NH_(3)-SCR performance at high temperatures.Such activity recovery was attributed to the oxidation of C_(3)H_(6)by CuxOy species,which therefore inhibited the reaction between NH_(3)and C_(3)H_(6).As a result,more NH_(3)could be available for the NH_(3)-SCR reaction and the Cu-SSZ-39 catalysts could maintain a good catalytic activity.Based on these findings,we proposed that high loaded Cu-SSZ-39 catalysts with a little CuOx formed are preferred for application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178361,22378402,52302310)the International Partnership Project of CAS(039GJHZ2022029GC)+3 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0710200)the Foundation of the Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences(IAGM2022D07)QinChuangYuan Cites High-level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Programs(QCYRCXM-2022-335)the Open Project Program of Anhui Province International Research Center on Advanced Building Materials(JZCL2303KF).
文摘Compared to aqueous-phase electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR),lithium-mediated NRR(Li-NRR)theoretically enhances the intrinsic activity of NH3 production through spontaneous exothermic reactions between Li and N_(2).However,the in-situ generated solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)during the reaction slows down the Li^(+)transport and nucleation kinetics,which further hinders the subsequent activation and protonation processes.Herein,a sophisticated amorphous-crystalline heterostructured SEI of Zn-LiF is formed by additive engineering.The concerted electron interplay between amorphous and crystalline domains is prone to generate lithiophobic Zn and lithiophilic LiF sites,where lithiophobic Zn accelerates Li^(+)diffusion within the SEI and avoids high concentration polarization,and lithiophilic LiF ensures homogeneous nucleation of diffused Li^(+)and its participation in subsequent reactions.Therefore,compared to conventional SEI,a more than 8-fold performance improvement is achieved in the additive-engineered heterogeneous lithiophobic-lithiophilic SEI,which exhibits a high NH_(3)yield rate of 11.58 nmol s^(−1)cm^(−2)and a Faradaic efficiency of 32.97%.Thus,exploiting the synergistic effects in heterogeneous lithiophobic-lithiophilic structures to achieve functional complementarity between different components opens a new avenue toward high-performance Li-NRR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32371734,42007034,41920104008,and U22A20593)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA28020400)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2023205)the Young Scientist Group Project of Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of China(No.2022QNXZ04)the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province of China(No.YDZJ202101ZYTS006).
文摘The conversion of saline-alkali soils into paddy fields for long-term rice cultivation involves multiple disturbances,and as a result,soil microbial communities are altered to adapt to changing environmental conditions.However,a comprehensive understanding of the succession of soil bacterial communities that occurs during this process is still lacking.In the present study,we utilized data obtained from paddy fields of different rice cultivation years(0-23 years)to investigate the compositional and functional succession of soil bacterial communities.We focused on core bacterial taxa that were specifically enriched at different successional stages.Generalized joint attribute modeling(GJAM)was used to identify core bacterial taxa.Results indicated that the bare saline-alkali soil(0 year,prior to any rice cultivation)shared few core amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)with paddy fields.In the bare saline-alkali soil,Longimicrobiaceae from the phylum Gemmatimonadetes was dominant,while the dominance was subsequently replaced by Burkholderiaceae and Pedosphaeraceae--phyla affiliated with Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia--after 5 and 23 years of rice cultivation,respectively.The relative abundances of nitrogen metabolism functions in the core bacterial communities of the bare saline-alkali soil were higher than those at other successional stages,while sulfur metabolism functions exhibited the opposite trend.These indicated that the role of the core bacterial taxa in mediating nutrient cycling also evolved and adapted to changing soil conditions as rice cultivation was established.Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that the composition of the core bacterial community in paddy fields with rice cultivation for 0,2 and 4,6,8,10,and 12,and 20 and 23 years were driven by soil nitrate nitrogen content,pH,available phosphorus content,and the ratio of total carbon to total nitrogen,respectively.In summary,the present study provides insights into the succession of soil bacterial communities and core bacterial taxa that occurs during long-term rice cultivation.
