利用贵州省威宁彝族回族苗族自治县(简称“威宁县”)2013-2022年37个炮站收集的降雹资料及雷达数据,对威宁县冰雹时空分布特点、雷达回波各参量进行分析,得到威宁县冰雹时空分布特征及冰雹预警指标。研究发现:威宁县降雹过程主要发生在...利用贵州省威宁彝族回族苗族自治县(简称“威宁县”)2013-2022年37个炮站收集的降雹资料及雷达数据,对威宁县冰雹时空分布特点、雷达回波各参量进行分析,得到威宁县冰雹时空分布特征及冰雹预警指标。研究发现:威宁县降雹过程主要发生在2-9月午后至22:00,其中17:00-18:00降雹频次最多;从西北部、北部、南部进入威宁县形成3个冰雹带;降雹前10 min 45~50 dBZ回波顶高有明显增跃,降雹时大于50 dBZ强回波中心的相关系数有明显变化特征,可作为冰雹预警的部分指标。研究结果为威宁县冰雹预警及人工影响天气科学作业提供了参考。展开更多
This article focuses on the development of a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for simulations of multicomponent and chemically reacting flows. Compared to aerodynamic flow applications, in which DG methods have been...This article focuses on the development of a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for simulations of multicomponent and chemically reacting flows. Compared to aerodynamic flow applications, in which DG methods have been successfully employed, DG simulations of chemically reacting flows introduce challenges that arise from flow unsteadiness, combustion, heat release, compressibility effects, shocks, and variations in thermodynamic properties. To address these challenges, algorithms are developed, including an entropy-bounded DG method, an entropy-residual shock indicator, and a new formulation of artificial viscosity. The performance and capabilities of the resulting DG method are demonstrated in several relevant applications, including shock/bubble interaction, turbulent combustion, and detonation. It is concluded that the developed DG method shows promising performance in application to multicomponent reacting flows. The paper concludes with a discussion of further research needs to enable the application of DG methods to more complex reacting flows.展开更多
Tumor microenvironments(TMEs)have received increasing attention in recent years as they play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis,progression,metastases,and resistance to the traditional modalities of cancer therapy like ch...Tumor microenvironments(TMEs)have received increasing attention in recent years as they play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis,progression,metastases,and resistance to the traditional modalities of cancer therapy like chemotherapy.With the rapid development of nanotechnology,effective antineoplastic nanotherapeutics targeting the aberrant hallmarks of TMEs have been proposed.The appropriate design and fabrication endow nanomedicines with the abilities for active targeting,TMEs-responsiveness,and optimization of physicochemical properties of tumors,thereby overcoming transport barriers and significantly improving antineoplastic therapeutic benefits.This review begins with the origins and characteristics of TMEs and discusses the latest strategies for modulating the TMEs by focusing on the regulation of biochemical microenvironments,such as tumor acidosis,hypoxia,and dysregulated metabolism.Finally,this review summarizes the challenges in the development of smart anti-cancer nanotherapeutics for TME modulation and examines the promising strategies for combination therapies with traditional treatments for further clinical translation.展开更多
To address the challenge of highly sensitive and accurate detection of biomarkers in complex environments,a rational engineering strategy for designing electrochemical immunosensing platform is proposed.Herein,we deve...To address the challenge of highly sensitive and accurate detection of biomarkers in complex environments,a rational engineering strategy for designing electrochemical immunosensing platform is proposed.Herein,we develop a microsensor chip through the combination of multiplexed electrodes and microfluidic channels for the parallel detection of human interleukins(IL-6 and IL-8).For the construction of an efficient sensing interface,the conductive silver nanowires(Ag NWs)wrapped with zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF-8)thin film(denoted as ZIF-8@Ag NWs)are prepared,and then employed for the multi-functionalization of electrodes.The immunodetection of ILs is based on the direct signal transduction ability of Ag NWs and specific interaction of periodically arranged Zn2+ions in ZIF-8 films with biomolecules,which offer the high assay sensitivity and good specificity.The immunosensor chip achieves a wide detection range from pg/mL to ng/mL and possesses the ability to resist non-specific proteins adsorption in biological complex media.Further clinical serum samples assay verifies that the combination of IL-6 and IL-8 levels yields high diagnostic accuracy.Principal component analysis(PCA)reveals that 18 patient samples could be fully separated from healthy control samples.The low-cost,easily fabricated electrochemical immunosensing platform provides a rapid serum test for diagnosis and personalized therapy of inflammatory diseases,and can also be generalized to other immunoreaction-based biomarkers detections.展开更多
文摘利用贵州省威宁彝族回族苗族自治县(简称“威宁县”)2013-2022年37个炮站收集的降雹资料及雷达数据,对威宁县冰雹时空分布特点、雷达回波各参量进行分析,得到威宁县冰雹时空分布特征及冰雹预警指标。研究发现:威宁县降雹过程主要发生在2-9月午后至22:00,其中17:00-18:00降雹频次最多;从西北部、北部、南部进入威宁县形成3个冰雹带;降雹前10 min 45~50 dBZ回波顶高有明显增跃,降雹时大于50 dBZ强回波中心的相关系数有明显变化特征,可作为冰雹预警的部分指标。研究结果为威宁县冰雹预警及人工影响天气科学作业提供了参考。
基金supported by an Early Career Faculty grant from NASA's Space Technology Research Grants Programprovided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center
文摘This article focuses on the development of a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for simulations of multicomponent and chemically reacting flows. Compared to aerodynamic flow applications, in which DG methods have been successfully employed, DG simulations of chemically reacting flows introduce challenges that arise from flow unsteadiness, combustion, heat release, compressibility effects, shocks, and variations in thermodynamic properties. To address these challenges, algorithms are developed, including an entropy-bounded DG method, an entropy-residual shock indicator, and a new formulation of artificial viscosity. The performance and capabilities of the resulting DG method are demonstrated in several relevant applications, including shock/bubble interaction, turbulent combustion, and detonation. It is concluded that the developed DG method shows promising performance in application to multicomponent reacting flows. The paper concludes with a discussion of further research needs to enable the application of DG methods to more complex reacting flows.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFC2400600/2021YFC2400605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U23A20591,52273158,82203131,and 81972517)+1 种基金the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(Grant No.22YF1435800 and 20QA1408000)the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province(Grant No.20240101002JJ).
文摘Tumor microenvironments(TMEs)have received increasing attention in recent years as they play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis,progression,metastases,and resistance to the traditional modalities of cancer therapy like chemotherapy.With the rapid development of nanotechnology,effective antineoplastic nanotherapeutics targeting the aberrant hallmarks of TMEs have been proposed.The appropriate design and fabrication endow nanomedicines with the abilities for active targeting,TMEs-responsiveness,and optimization of physicochemical properties of tumors,thereby overcoming transport barriers and significantly improving antineoplastic therapeutic benefits.This review begins with the origins and characteristics of TMEs and discusses the latest strategies for modulating the TMEs by focusing on the regulation of biochemical microenvironments,such as tumor acidosis,hypoxia,and dysregulated metabolism.Finally,this review summarizes the challenges in the development of smart anti-cancer nanotherapeutics for TME modulation and examines the promising strategies for combination therapies with traditional treatments for further clinical translation.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3200804)Shanghai“Road and Belt”International Cooperation Project(No.19520744200)the Key Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.20JC1415303).
文摘To address the challenge of highly sensitive and accurate detection of biomarkers in complex environments,a rational engineering strategy for designing electrochemical immunosensing platform is proposed.Herein,we develop a microsensor chip through the combination of multiplexed electrodes and microfluidic channels for the parallel detection of human interleukins(IL-6 and IL-8).For the construction of an efficient sensing interface,the conductive silver nanowires(Ag NWs)wrapped with zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF-8)thin film(denoted as ZIF-8@Ag NWs)are prepared,and then employed for the multi-functionalization of electrodes.The immunodetection of ILs is based on the direct signal transduction ability of Ag NWs and specific interaction of periodically arranged Zn2+ions in ZIF-8 films with biomolecules,which offer the high assay sensitivity and good specificity.The immunosensor chip achieves a wide detection range from pg/mL to ng/mL and possesses the ability to resist non-specific proteins adsorption in biological complex media.Further clinical serum samples assay verifies that the combination of IL-6 and IL-8 levels yields high diagnostic accuracy.Principal component analysis(PCA)reveals that 18 patient samples could be fully separated from healthy control samples.The low-cost,easily fabricated electrochemical immunosensing platform provides a rapid serum test for diagnosis and personalized therapy of inflammatory diseases,and can also be generalized to other immunoreaction-based biomarkers detections.
