In general,self-healing dielectric composites are mainly composed of polar hydrogen bonds,which have high hydrophilicity and are unsuitable for humid environment.Dielectric composite with Diels-Alder(D-A)bond contains...In general,self-healing dielectric composites are mainly composed of polar hydrogen bonds,which have high hydrophilicity and are unsuitable for humid environment.Dielectric composite with Diels-Alder(D-A)bond contains covalent bonds,it can be adopted as an efficient self-healing material.Here,we construct self-healing barium titanate(BT)/polyurethane(PU)dielectric composites by adopting PU with D-A bond as matrix(BT/PU-DA).The prepared 10%BT/PU-DA composite exhibits superior self-healing ability than that of PUDA.Moreover,its dielectric constant can reach 9.3 with a loss of only 0.04 at 1000 Hz and maintain 93%repair efficiency of tensile strength.The experimental analysis suggests the introduction of D-A bond can enhance the thermostability and self-healing ability of BT/PU-DA composite.In addition,the incorporation of BT nanoparticles and D-A bond in the self-healing composite contributes to the lower dielectric loss and excellent tensile strength after healing.The adopted strategy is a promising and facile approach to develop highly efficient selfhealing dielectric material,which will be conducive to reuse and sustainable development of the electronic packaging material in aqueous medium or wet environment.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to find a convenient and reliable method for detecting the virus titer of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2).[Methods]The reaction conditions of the immunoperoxidase monolayer assay(I...[Objectives]This study was conducted to find a convenient and reliable method for detecting the virus titer of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2).[Methods]The reaction conditions of the immunoperoxidase monolayer assay(IPMA)method for detecting the viral titer of PCV2 were optimized,and the results were compared with those obtained by indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA).[Results]PCV2-infected cells exhibited brownish-red staining in either the nucleus or cytoplasm when detected by IPMA,and the detection results were largely consistent with IFA detection.[Conclusions]Both IPMA and IFA methods can be effectively used for determination of PCV2 viral titer,providing reliable support for assessing viral content during PCV2 vaccine development and validating virus inactivation efficacy.展开更多
Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)inherently requires considerable time for data acquisition,but obtaining multi-contrast MRI data further prolongs this process,thereby increasing susceptibility to motion artifacts.It is...Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)inherently requires considerable time for data acquisition,but obtaining multi-contrast MRI data further prolongs this process,thereby increasing susceptibility to motion artifacts.It is worth noting that the multi-contrast MR images have both structural similarities and unique contrast information.Therefore,to take advantage of their similarities while preserving their distinctive characteristics,we proposed a new method called high-dimensional subsets embedding(HDSE).This novel approach is based on the frame of low-rank modeling of local k-space neighborhoods with parallel imaging(P-LORAKS).Specifically,our approach utilizes the structural similarity of multi-contrast MR images to process different k-space data through two independent channels.In one channel,we individually separate the complementary T_(1)-T_(2)k-space data and directly construct a new subset of local k-space,allowing the model to better capture structural correlations between multiple contrasts.In another channel,we provide global under-sampled T_(2)-weighted k-space data further constrain image acquisition in highdimensional space to maintain image consistency and reduce noise amplification.These two different channels information is fused together to form high-dimensional feature objects.Besides,we embed the constructed objects into P-LORAKS in various ways to enhance the reconstruction performance.Experimental results demonstrated that the aided reconstruction of local subsets fusion and the high-dimensional reconstruction of adaptive global constraints can improve the accuracy of image reconstruction and enhance the robustness of the model.展开更多
Objective The effects of prolonged exposure to persistently elevated atmospheric pollutants,commonly termed air pollution waves,on fertility intentions remain inadequately understood.This study aims to investigate the...Objective The effects of prolonged exposure to persistently elevated atmospheric pollutants,commonly termed air pollution waves,on fertility intentions remain inadequately understood.This study aims to investigate the association between particulate matter(PM)exposure and fertility intentions.Methods In this nationwide cross-sectional study,we analyzed data from 10,747 participants(5496 females and 5251 males).PM waves were defined as periods lasting 3‒6 consecutive days during which the daily average concentrations exceeded China’s Ambient Air Quality Standards Grade II thresholds(PM2.5>75μg/m3 and PM10>150μg/m3).We employed multivariate logistic regression models to assess the association between exposure to PM waves and fertility intentions.Results Significant inverse associations were detected between exposure to PM2.5 wave events(characterized by concentrations exceeding 75μg/m3 for durations of 4‒6 days,P<0.05)and PM10 wave events(defined as concentrations exceeding 150μg/m3 for 6 consecutive days,P<0.05)and fertility intentions among females.In contrast,neither the PM2.5 wave nor the PM10 wave events demonstrated statistically significant correlations with fertility intentions in males(P>0.05 for all comparisons).The potentially susceptible subgroup was identified as females aged 20–30 years.Conclusions Our results provide the first evidence that PM2.5 and PM10 waves are associated with a reduction in female fertility intentions,offering critical insights for the development of public health policies and strategies aimed at individual protection.展开更多
Background:Computed tomography(CT)plays a great role in characterizing and quantifying changes in lung structure and function of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).This study aimed to explore the performance ...Background:Computed tomography(CT)plays a great role in characterizing and quantifying changes in lung structure and function of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).This study aimed to explore the performance of CT-based whole lung radiomic in discriminating COPD patients and non-COPD patients.Methods:This retrospective study was performed on 2785 patients who underwent pulmonary function examination in 5 hospitals and were divided into non-COPD group and COPD group.The radiomic features of the whole lung volume were extracted.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)logistic regression was applied for feature selection and radiomic signature construction.A radiomic nomogram was established by combining the radiomic score and clinical factors.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the radiomic nomogram in the training,internal validation,and independent external validation cohorts.Results:Eighteen radiomic features were collected from the whole lung volume to construct a radiomic model.The area under the curve(AUC)of the radiomic model in the training,internal,and independent external validation cohorts were 0.888[95%confidence interval(CI)0.869–0.906],0.874(95%CI 0.844–0.904),and 0.846(95%CI 0.822–0.870),respectively.All were higher than the clinical model(AUC were 0.732,0.714,and 0.777,respectively,P<0.001).DCA demonstrated that the nomogram constructed by combining radiomic score,age,sex,height,and smoking status was superior to the clinical factor model.Conclusions:The intuitive nomogram constructed by CT-based whole-lung radiomic has shown good performance and high accuracy in identifying COPD in this multicenter study.展开更多
Researchers seldom study the optimum design of a mechanical connector for subsea oil-gas pipeline based upon the sealing performance. An optimal design method of a novel subsea pipeline mechanical connector is present...Researchers seldom study the optimum design of a mechanical connector for subsea oil-gas pipeline based upon the sealing performance. An optimal design method of a novel subsea pipeline mechanical connector is presented. By analyzing the static metal sealing mechanism, the critical condition of the sealing performance is established for this connector and the formulation method of the contact pressure on the sealing surface is created. By the method the minimum mean contact pressure of the 8.625 inch connector is calculated as 361 MPa, which is the constraint condition in the optimum design of connector.The finite element model is created in ANSYS Parametric Design Language(APDL) and the structure is optimized by the zero-order method, with variance of contact pressure as the objective function, and mean contact pressures and plastic strains as constraint variables. The optimization shows that variances of contact pressure on two sealing surfaces decrease by 72.41% and 89.33%, respectively, and mean contact pressures increase by 31.18% and 52.84%, respectively. The comparison of the optimal connectors and non-optimal connectors in the water pressure experiments and bending experiments shows that the sealing ability of optimized connectors is much higher than the rated pressure of 4.5 MPa, and the optimal connectors don’t leak under the bending moment of 52.2 kN·m.This research provides the formulation to solve contact pressure on the sealing surface and a structure optimization method to design the connectors with various dimensions.展开更多
Electrochemical detection is an efficient method for the detection of Bisphenol A(BPA).Herein,a sensitive photo-electrochemical sensor based on two-dimensional(2 D)TiO_(2)(001)nanosheets was fabricated and then used f...Electrochemical detection is an efficient method for the detection of Bisphenol A(BPA).Herein,a sensitive photo-electrochemical sensor based on two-dimensional(2 D)TiO_(2)(001)nanosheets was fabricated and then used for BPA electrochemical detection.Upon light irradiation,the 2 D TiO_(2)(001)nanosheets electrode provided a lower detection limit of BPA detection compared with an ambient electrochemical determination.The low detection limit is^5.37 nmol/L(S/N=3).Furthermore,profiting from the photoelectric characteristics,the 2 D TiO_(2)(001)nanosheets electrode exhibits a nice regeneration prope rty.After 45 min of light irradiation,the electrochemical signal was regenerated from14.7%to 82.9%of the original signal at the 6th cycle.This is attributed to the non-selective·OH mediation produced by the 2 D TiO_(2)(001)nanosheets mineralizing anodic polymeric products and resuming surface reactive sites.This investigation indicates that photo-assistance is an efficient method to improve the electrochemical sensor for detecting BPA in water environments.展开更多
The evolution of lead halide perovskites used for X-ray imaging scintillators has been facilitated by the development of solution-processable semiconductors characterized by large-area,flexible,fast photoresponse.The ...The evolution of lead halide perovskites used for X-ray imaging scintillators has been facilitated by the development of solution-processable semiconductors characterized by large-area,flexible,fast photoresponse.The stability and durability of these new perovskites are insufficient to achieve extended computed tomography scanning times with hard X-rays.In this study,we fabricated a self-assembled CsPbBr_(3)-based scintillator film with a flexible large-area uniform thickness using a new roomtemperature solution-processable method.The sensitivity and responsivity of X-ray photon conversion were quantitatively measured and showed a good linear response relationship suitable for X-ray imaging.We also demonstrated,for the first time,that the self-assembled CsPbBr_(3)-based scintillator has good stability for hard X-ray microtomography.Therefore,such an inexpensive solution-processed semiconductor easily prepared at room temperature can be used as a hard X-ray scintillator and equipped with flexible CsPbBr3-based X-ray detectors.It has great potential in three-dimensional high-resolution phase-contrast X-ray-imaging applications in biomedicine and material science because of its heavy Pb and Br atoms.展开更多
Gastric submucosal tumors(SMTs) less than 2 cm are generally considered benign neoplasms, and endoscopic observation is recommended, but SMTs over 2 cm, 40% of which are gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs), have ma...Gastric submucosal tumors(SMTs) less than 2 cm are generally considered benign neoplasms, and endoscopic observation is recommended, but SMTs over 2 cm, 40% of which are gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs), have malignant potential. Although the Japanese Guidelines for GIST recommend partial surgical resection for GIST over 2 cm with malignant potential as well as en bloc large tissue sample to obtain appropriate and large specimens of SMTs, several reports have been published on tissue sampling of SMTs, such as with endoscopic ultrasound sound fine needle aspiration, submucosal tunneling bloc biopsy, and the combination of bite biopsy and endoscopic mucosal resection. Because a simpler, more accurate method is needed for appropriate treatment, we developed oval mucosal opening bloc biopsy after incision and widening by ring thread traction for submucosal tumor(OMOB) approach. OMOB was simple and enabled us to obtain large samples under direct procedure view as well as allowed us to restore to original mucosa.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether Wild Field Imaging System(WFIS SW-8000),25G endoilluminator,and intraoperative optical coherence tomography(iOCT)can perform realtime screening and diagnosing in patients with suspicious dia...AIM:To investigate whether Wild Field Imaging System(WFIS SW-8000),25G endoilluminator,and intraoperative optical coherence tomography(iOCT)can perform realtime screening and diagnosing in patients with suspicious diabetic retinopathy(DR)during phacoemulsification,especially in cases of white cataract.METHODS:A cross-sectional study was carried out.A total of 204 dense diabetic cataractous eyes of 204 patients with suspected DR treated from April 2020 to March 2021 were included.Phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation was performed.Following the removal of the lens opacity,the 25G endoilluminator,fundus photography,and iOCT were performed successively.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)and/or fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)were used to verify the fundus findings postoperatively.Intraoperative and postoperative results were compared to verify the accuracy of intraoperative diagnosis in each group.RESULTS:Intraoperative and postoperative examinations revealed 58 and 62 eyes with DR,respectively(positive rate,28.43%and 30.39%,respectively).During the phacoemulsification,WFIS SW-8000 detected 44 eyes with DR(the detection rate,70.97%);25G endo-illuminator found 56 eyes with DR(the detection rate,90.32%);iOCT found 46 eyes with DR(the detection rate,74.19%);and 58 eyes with DR were found by combining the three methods(the detection rate,93.55%).There were statistically significant differences in the diagnostic sensitivity for DR among the methods(χ^(2)=16.36,P=0.001).CONCLUSION:WFIS SW-8000,25G endo-illuminator,iOCT,and especially their combination can be used to inspect the fundus and detect DR intraoperatively;they are helpful for the timely diagnosis and treatment of DR in patients with dense cataract.展开更多
Let X denote a discrete distribution as Poisson, binomial or negative binomial variable. The score confidence interval for the mean of X is obtained based on inverting the hypothesis test and the central limit theorem...Let X denote a discrete distribution as Poisson, binomial or negative binomial variable. The score confidence interval for the mean of X is obtained based on inverting the hypothesis test and the central limit theorem is discussed and recommended widely. But it has sharp downward spikes for small means. This paper proposes to move the score interval left a little (about 0.04 unit), called by moved score confidence interval. Numerical computation and Edgeworth expansion show that the moved score interval is analogous to the score interval completely and behaves better for moderate means;for small means the moved interval raises the infimum of the coverage probability and improves the sharp spikes significantly. Especially, it has unified explicit formulations to compute easily.展开更多
Thermochemical conversions are pathways for biomass utilization to produce various value-added energy and chemical products. For the development of novel thermochemical conversion technologies, an accurate understandi...Thermochemical conversions are pathways for biomass utilization to produce various value-added energy and chemical products. For the development of novel thermochemical conversion technologies, an accurate understanding of the reaction performance and kinetics is essential. Given the diversity of the thermal analysis techniques, it is necessary to understand the features and limitations of the reactors, ensuring that the selected thermal analysis reactor meets the specific need for reaction characterization. This paper provides a critical overview of the thermal analysis reactors based on the following perspectives: 1) gas flow conditions in the reactor, 2) particle’s external and internal heat and mass transfer limitations, 3) heating rate, 4) temperature distribution, 5) nascent char production and reaction, 6) liquid feeding and atomization, 7) simultaneous sampling and analyzing of bed materials, and 8) reacting atmosphere change. Finally, prospects and future research directions in the development of analysis techniques are proposed.展开更多
Micro reactors are the essential part of thermal analysis techniques for characterizing gas-solid thermochemical reactions. The dynamic and diversified needs for investigating various complex materials and gas-solid r...Micro reactors are the essential part of thermal analysis techniques for characterizing gas-solid thermochemical reactions. The dynamic and diversified needs for investigating various complex materials and gas-solid reactions have led to the development of a variety of different microreactors over the years. Solid particles in microreactors are normally heated by furnaces from outside, resistive elements from inside, direct contact with bed particles, or other non-resistively methods. Solid particles can be fixed or fluidized in reactors where gas-solid contacts vary from diffusion-dominated to nearly diffusion-free conditions. Based on these characteristics, in this article we presented a broad classification for microreactors used for thermal analysis of gas-solid reactions. For each of the most popularly used microreactors, their features and limitations are briefly reviewed. By addressing the diversity of the microreactors used in the field of thermal analysis, the review aims at providing general guidance for the selection and operation of the microreactor to satisfy one's practical specific needs.展开更多
Although cancer chemopreventive agents have been confirmed to effectively protect high-risk populations from cancer invasion or recurrence,only over ten drugs have been approved by the U.S.Food and Drug Administration...Although cancer chemopreventive agents have been confirmed to effectively protect high-risk populations from cancer invasion or recurrence,only over ten drugs have been approved by the U.S.Food and Drug Administration.Therefore,screening potent cancer chemopreventive agents is crucial to reduce the constantly increasing incidence and mortality rate of cancer.Considering the lengthy prevention process,an ideal chemopreventive agent should be nontoxic,inexpensive,and oral.Natural compounds have become a natural treasure reservoir for cancer chemoprevention because of their superior ease of availability,cost-effectiveness,and safety.The benefits of natural compounds as chemopreventive agents in cancer prevention have been confirmed in various studies.In light of this,the present review is intended to fully delineate the entire scope of cancer chemoprevention,and primarily focuses on various aspects of cancer chemoprevention based on natural compounds,specifically focusing on the mechanism of action of natural compounds in cancer prevention,and discussing in detail how they exert cancer prevention effects by affecting classical signaling pathways,immune checkpoints,and gut microbiome.We also introduce novel cancer chemoprevention strategies and summarize the role of natural compounds in improving chemotherapy regimens.Furthermore,we describe strategies for discovering anticancer compounds with low abundance and high activity,revealing the broad prospects of natural compounds in drug discovery for cancer chemoprevention.Moreover,we associate cancer chemoprevention with precision medicine,and discuss the challenges encountered in cancer chemoprevention.Finally,we emphasize the transformative potential of natural compounds in advancing the field of cancer chemoprevention and their ability to introduce more effective and less toxic preventive options for oncology.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is the leading cause of severe acute lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI)in infants and young children,resulting in an estimated 33 million infections annually,>3 mil...INTRODUCTION Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is the leading cause of severe acute lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI)in infants and young children,resulting in an estimated 33 million infections annually,>3 million hospitalizations,and>100000 deaths in children under 5 years globally,with a mortality rate of up to 9%in low-resource countries,which have 99%of the global RSV mortality.1 RSV infection is associated with an increased risk of respiratory failure,admission to the ICU,mechanical ventilation,use of oxygen therapy,and death.2,3 Severe RSV-LRTI in early childhood increases the risk of long-term respiratory disorders such as repeated wheezing or asthma.展开更多
To increase the fire safety of epoxy resin,this study employed a layer-by-layer self-assembly method to prepare a biologically flame-retardant coating-modified zirconium-based metal-organic framework(chitosan/phytic a...To increase the fire safety of epoxy resin,this study employed a layer-by-layer self-assembly method to prepare a biologically flame-retardant coating-modified zirconium-based metal-organic framework(chitosan/phytic acid(CS/PA)@UiO-66).This study also attempted to incorporate boron nitride(BN)to enhance the flame-retardant properties of epoxy resin composites.The results from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the successful synthesis of UiO-66 and illustrated the assembly of CS and PA onto UiO-66 through a self-assembly strategy.Thermogravimetric analysis in conjunction with cone calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy analyses indicated that incorporating biologically-based flame-retardant coating-modified CS/PA@UiO-66 and BN nanosheets could effectively increase the flame-retardant performance of epoxy composites.Compared with pure epoxy resin,the incorporation of CS/PA@UiO-66-3 and CS/PA@UiO-66-3/BN led to a reduction in the peak heat release rate and total heat release values of 61.13%and 22.36%for EP/CS/PA@UiO-66-3 and EP/CS/PA@UiO-66-3/BN,respectively.Notably,EP/CS/PA@UiO-66-3/BN presented a continuous and dense char layer surface with increased graphite arrangement and higher residual char content after thermal degradation and combustion,thereby providing effective suppression of heat,mass,and oxygen transfer,demonstrating promising flame-retardant efficacy.Consequently,this study successfully improved the fire safety of epoxy resin and presented a new approach for the use of biologically-based flame-retardants.展开更多
基金the State Major Research Program of China(2020YFF0406126,Junlong Yao)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22102125,Huan Yang)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Foundation of Wuhan Institute of Technology(K2021040,Huan Yang)the Innovation Foundation of Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education(GCX202108,Huan Yang)the Graduate Innovative Fund of Wuhan Institute of Technology(cx2021127,Wei Nie).
文摘In general,self-healing dielectric composites are mainly composed of polar hydrogen bonds,which have high hydrophilicity and are unsuitable for humid environment.Dielectric composite with Diels-Alder(D-A)bond contains covalent bonds,it can be adopted as an efficient self-healing material.Here,we construct self-healing barium titanate(BT)/polyurethane(PU)dielectric composites by adopting PU with D-A bond as matrix(BT/PU-DA).The prepared 10%BT/PU-DA composite exhibits superior self-healing ability than that of PUDA.Moreover,its dielectric constant can reach 9.3 with a loss of only 0.04 at 1000 Hz and maintain 93%repair efficiency of tensile strength.The experimental analysis suggests the introduction of D-A bond can enhance the thermostability and self-healing ability of BT/PU-DA composite.In addition,the incorporation of BT nanoparticles and D-A bond in the self-healing composite contributes to the lower dielectric loss and excellent tensile strength after healing.The adopted strategy is a promising and facile approach to develop highly efficient selfhealing dielectric material,which will be conducive to reuse and sustainable development of the electronic packaging material in aqueous medium or wet environment.
基金Supported by General Project of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2022MC173)Binzhou Young Science and Technology Rising Star Program(QMX2023004)Binzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station of Shandong Swine Industry Technology System Project(SDAIT-08-13).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to find a convenient and reliable method for detecting the virus titer of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2).[Methods]The reaction conditions of the immunoperoxidase monolayer assay(IPMA)method for detecting the viral titer of PCV2 were optimized,and the results were compared with those obtained by indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA).[Results]PCV2-infected cells exhibited brownish-red staining in either the nucleus or cytoplasm when detected by IPMA,and the detection results were largely consistent with IFA detection.[Conclusions]Both IPMA and IFA methods can be effectively used for determination of PCV2 viral titer,providing reliable support for assessing viral content during PCV2 vaccine development and validating virus inactivation efficacy.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation under 62122033.
文摘Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)inherently requires considerable time for data acquisition,but obtaining multi-contrast MRI data further prolongs this process,thereby increasing susceptibility to motion artifacts.It is worth noting that the multi-contrast MR images have both structural similarities and unique contrast information.Therefore,to take advantage of their similarities while preserving their distinctive characteristics,we proposed a new method called high-dimensional subsets embedding(HDSE).This novel approach is based on the frame of low-rank modeling of local k-space neighborhoods with parallel imaging(P-LORAKS).Specifically,our approach utilizes the structural similarity of multi-contrast MR images to process different k-space data through two independent channels.In one channel,we individually separate the complementary T_(1)-T_(2)k-space data and directly construct a new subset of local k-space,allowing the model to better capture structural correlations between multiple contrasts.In another channel,we provide global under-sampled T_(2)-weighted k-space data further constrain image acquisition in highdimensional space to maintain image consistency and reduce noise amplification.These two different channels information is fused together to form high-dimensional feature objects.Besides,we embed the constructed objects into P-LORAKS in various ways to enhance the reconstruction performance.Experimental results demonstrated that the aided reconstruction of local subsets fusion and the high-dimensional reconstruction of adaptive global constraints can improve the accuracy of image reconstruction and enhance the robustness of the model.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC2705700)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2024A1515012355)+1 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220530140609020)the Scientific Research Project of Wuhan Municipal Health Commission(No.WX21Q36).
文摘Objective The effects of prolonged exposure to persistently elevated atmospheric pollutants,commonly termed air pollution waves,on fertility intentions remain inadequately understood.This study aims to investigate the association between particulate matter(PM)exposure and fertility intentions.Methods In this nationwide cross-sectional study,we analyzed data from 10,747 participants(5496 females and 5251 males).PM waves were defined as periods lasting 3‒6 consecutive days during which the daily average concentrations exceeded China’s Ambient Air Quality Standards Grade II thresholds(PM2.5>75μg/m3 and PM10>150μg/m3).We employed multivariate logistic regression models to assess the association between exposure to PM waves and fertility intentions.Results Significant inverse associations were detected between exposure to PM2.5 wave events(characterized by concentrations exceeding 75μg/m3 for durations of 4‒6 days,P<0.05)and PM10 wave events(defined as concentrations exceeding 150μg/m3 for 6 consecutive days,P<0.05)and fertility intentions among females.In contrast,neither the PM2.5 wave nor the PM10 wave events demonstrated statistically significant correlations with fertility intentions in males(P>0.05 for all comparisons).The potentially susceptible subgroup was identified as females aged 20–30 years.Conclusions Our results provide the first evidence that PM2.5 and PM10 waves are associated with a reduction in female fertility intentions,offering critical insights for the development of public health policies and strategies aimed at individual protection.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2010002,2022YFC2010000 and 2022YFC2010005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82171926,81930049 and 82202140)+3 种基金the Medical Imaging Database Construction Program of National Health Commission(YXFSC2022JJSJ002)the Clinical Innovative Project of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital(2020YLCYJ-Y24)the Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(21DZ2202600)the Shanghai Sailing Program(20YF1449000).
文摘Background:Computed tomography(CT)plays a great role in characterizing and quantifying changes in lung structure and function of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).This study aimed to explore the performance of CT-based whole lung radiomic in discriminating COPD patients and non-COPD patients.Methods:This retrospective study was performed on 2785 patients who underwent pulmonary function examination in 5 hospitals and were divided into non-COPD group and COPD group.The radiomic features of the whole lung volume were extracted.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)logistic regression was applied for feature selection and radiomic signature construction.A radiomic nomogram was established by combining the radiomic score and clinical factors.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the radiomic nomogram in the training,internal validation,and independent external validation cohorts.Results:Eighteen radiomic features were collected from the whole lung volume to construct a radiomic model.The area under the curve(AUC)of the radiomic model in the training,internal,and independent external validation cohorts were 0.888[95%confidence interval(CI)0.869–0.906],0.874(95%CI 0.844–0.904),and 0.846(95%CI 0.822–0.870),respectively.All were higher than the clinical model(AUC were 0.732,0.714,and 0.777,respectively,P<0.001).DCA demonstrated that the nomogram constructed by combining radiomic score,age,sex,height,and smoking status was superior to the clinical factor model.Conclusions:The intuitive nomogram constructed by CT-based whole-lung radiomic has shown good performance and high accuracy in identifying COPD in this multicenter study.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51279042,51105088)
文摘Researchers seldom study the optimum design of a mechanical connector for subsea oil-gas pipeline based upon the sealing performance. An optimal design method of a novel subsea pipeline mechanical connector is presented. By analyzing the static metal sealing mechanism, the critical condition of the sealing performance is established for this connector and the formulation method of the contact pressure on the sealing surface is created. By the method the minimum mean contact pressure of the 8.625 inch connector is calculated as 361 MPa, which is the constraint condition in the optimum design of connector.The finite element model is created in ANSYS Parametric Design Language(APDL) and the structure is optimized by the zero-order method, with variance of contact pressure as the objective function, and mean contact pressures and plastic strains as constraint variables. The optimization shows that variances of contact pressure on two sealing surfaces decrease by 72.41% and 89.33%, respectively, and mean contact pressures increase by 31.18% and 52.84%, respectively. The comparison of the optimal connectors and non-optimal connectors in the water pressure experiments and bending experiments shows that the sealing ability of optimized connectors is much higher than the rated pressure of 4.5 MPa, and the optimal connectors don’t leak under the bending moment of 52.2 kN·m.This research provides the formulation to solve contact pressure on the sealing surface and a structure optimization method to design the connectors with various dimensions.
基金the Applied Basic Research Programs of Yunnan Science and Technology Department(No.2017FD085)the Program of Introducing Talents of Kunming University(Nos.YJL16003 and YJL18008)+4 种基金National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.61904073)Science Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Education Department(No.2018JS392)Projects of Science and Technology Plans of Kunming(No.20191-C-25318000002189)“Thousand Talents Program”of Yunnan Province for Young TalentsSpring City Plan-Special Program for Young Talents。
文摘Electrochemical detection is an efficient method for the detection of Bisphenol A(BPA).Herein,a sensitive photo-electrochemical sensor based on two-dimensional(2 D)TiO_(2)(001)nanosheets was fabricated and then used for BPA electrochemical detection.Upon light irradiation,the 2 D TiO_(2)(001)nanosheets electrode provided a lower detection limit of BPA detection compared with an ambient electrochemical determination.The low detection limit is^5.37 nmol/L(S/N=3).Furthermore,profiting from the photoelectric characteristics,the 2 D TiO_(2)(001)nanosheets electrode exhibits a nice regeneration prope rty.After 45 min of light irradiation,the electrochemical signal was regenerated from14.7%to 82.9%of the original signal at the 6th cycle.This is attributed to the non-selective·OH mediation produced by the 2 D TiO_(2)(001)nanosheets mineralizing anodic polymeric products and resuming surface reactive sites.This investigation indicates that photo-assistance is an efficient method to improve the electrochemical sensor for detecting BPA in water environments.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12175127)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China (No. ZR2020MA088)
文摘The evolution of lead halide perovskites used for X-ray imaging scintillators has been facilitated by the development of solution-processable semiconductors characterized by large-area,flexible,fast photoresponse.The stability and durability of these new perovskites are insufficient to achieve extended computed tomography scanning times with hard X-rays.In this study,we fabricated a self-assembled CsPbBr_(3)-based scintillator film with a flexible large-area uniform thickness using a new roomtemperature solution-processable method.The sensitivity and responsivity of X-ray photon conversion were quantitatively measured and showed a good linear response relationship suitable for X-ray imaging.We also demonstrated,for the first time,that the self-assembled CsPbBr_(3)-based scintillator has good stability for hard X-ray microtomography.Therefore,such an inexpensive solution-processed semiconductor easily prepared at room temperature can be used as a hard X-ray scintillator and equipped with flexible CsPbBr3-based X-ray detectors.It has great potential in three-dimensional high-resolution phase-contrast X-ray-imaging applications in biomedicine and material science because of its heavy Pb and Br atoms.
文摘Gastric submucosal tumors(SMTs) less than 2 cm are generally considered benign neoplasms, and endoscopic observation is recommended, but SMTs over 2 cm, 40% of which are gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs), have malignant potential. Although the Japanese Guidelines for GIST recommend partial surgical resection for GIST over 2 cm with malignant potential as well as en bloc large tissue sample to obtain appropriate and large specimens of SMTs, several reports have been published on tissue sampling of SMTs, such as with endoscopic ultrasound sound fine needle aspiration, submucosal tunneling bloc biopsy, and the combination of bite biopsy and endoscopic mucosal resection. Because a simpler, more accurate method is needed for appropriate treatment, we developed oval mucosal opening bloc biopsy after incision and widening by ring thread traction for submucosal tumor(OMOB) approach. OMOB was simple and enabled us to obtain large samples under direct procedure view as well as allowed us to restore to original mucosa.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81974129)the Technology and Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.2016699)+1 种基金the Technology and Science Foundation of Nantong(No.22019012No.2019078).
文摘AIM:To investigate whether Wild Field Imaging System(WFIS SW-8000),25G endoilluminator,and intraoperative optical coherence tomography(iOCT)can perform realtime screening and diagnosing in patients with suspicious diabetic retinopathy(DR)during phacoemulsification,especially in cases of white cataract.METHODS:A cross-sectional study was carried out.A total of 204 dense diabetic cataractous eyes of 204 patients with suspected DR treated from April 2020 to March 2021 were included.Phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation was performed.Following the removal of the lens opacity,the 25G endoilluminator,fundus photography,and iOCT were performed successively.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)and/or fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)were used to verify the fundus findings postoperatively.Intraoperative and postoperative results were compared to verify the accuracy of intraoperative diagnosis in each group.RESULTS:Intraoperative and postoperative examinations revealed 58 and 62 eyes with DR,respectively(positive rate,28.43%and 30.39%,respectively).During the phacoemulsification,WFIS SW-8000 detected 44 eyes with DR(the detection rate,70.97%);25G endo-illuminator found 56 eyes with DR(the detection rate,90.32%);iOCT found 46 eyes with DR(the detection rate,74.19%);and 58 eyes with DR were found by combining the three methods(the detection rate,93.55%).There were statistically significant differences in the diagnostic sensitivity for DR among the methods(χ^(2)=16.36,P=0.001).CONCLUSION:WFIS SW-8000,25G endo-illuminator,iOCT,and especially their combination can be used to inspect the fundus and detect DR intraoperatively;they are helpful for the timely diagnosis and treatment of DR in patients with dense cataract.
文摘Let X denote a discrete distribution as Poisson, binomial or negative binomial variable. The score confidence interval for the mean of X is obtained based on inverting the hypothesis test and the central limit theorem is discussed and recommended widely. But it has sharp downward spikes for small means. This paper proposes to move the score interval left a little (about 0.04 unit), called by moved score confidence interval. Numerical computation and Edgeworth expansion show that the moved score interval is analogous to the score interval completely and behaves better for moderate means;for small means the moved interval raises the infimum of the coverage probability and improves the sharp spikes significantly. Especially, it has unified explicit formulations to compute easily.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1908201,U1903130)the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2020YFC1909300)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China(2021-NLTS-12-09).
文摘Thermochemical conversions are pathways for biomass utilization to produce various value-added energy and chemical products. For the development of novel thermochemical conversion technologies, an accurate understanding of the reaction performance and kinetics is essential. Given the diversity of the thermal analysis techniques, it is necessary to understand the features and limitations of the reactors, ensuring that the selected thermal analysis reactor meets the specific need for reaction characterization. This paper provides a critical overview of the thermal analysis reactors based on the following perspectives: 1) gas flow conditions in the reactor, 2) particle’s external and internal heat and mass transfer limitations, 3) heating rate, 4) temperature distribution, 5) nascent char production and reaction, 6) liquid feeding and atomization, 7) simultaneous sampling and analyzing of bed materials, and 8) reacting atmosphere change. Finally, prospects and future research directions in the development of analysis techniques are proposed.
基金supported by both the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1903130 and U1908201)the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(2020YFC1909300).
文摘Micro reactors are the essential part of thermal analysis techniques for characterizing gas-solid thermochemical reactions. The dynamic and diversified needs for investigating various complex materials and gas-solid reactions have led to the development of a variety of different microreactors over the years. Solid particles in microreactors are normally heated by furnaces from outside, resistive elements from inside, direct contact with bed particles, or other non-resistively methods. Solid particles can be fixed or fluidized in reactors where gas-solid contacts vary from diffusion-dominated to nearly diffusion-free conditions. Based on these characteristics, in this article we presented a broad classification for microreactors used for thermal analysis of gas-solid reactions. For each of the most popularly used microreactors, their features and limitations are briefly reviewed. By addressing the diversity of the microreactors used in the field of thermal analysis, the review aims at providing general guidance for the selection and operation of the microreactor to satisfy one's practical specific needs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.U23A20501,81830110,and 81903818)Key Research and Development Program of Heilongjiang(2022ZX02C04)University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province(UNPYSCT2020224).
文摘Although cancer chemopreventive agents have been confirmed to effectively protect high-risk populations from cancer invasion or recurrence,only over ten drugs have been approved by the U.S.Food and Drug Administration.Therefore,screening potent cancer chemopreventive agents is crucial to reduce the constantly increasing incidence and mortality rate of cancer.Considering the lengthy prevention process,an ideal chemopreventive agent should be nontoxic,inexpensive,and oral.Natural compounds have become a natural treasure reservoir for cancer chemoprevention because of their superior ease of availability,cost-effectiveness,and safety.The benefits of natural compounds as chemopreventive agents in cancer prevention have been confirmed in various studies.In light of this,the present review is intended to fully delineate the entire scope of cancer chemoprevention,and primarily focuses on various aspects of cancer chemoprevention based on natural compounds,specifically focusing on the mechanism of action of natural compounds in cancer prevention,and discussing in detail how they exert cancer prevention effects by affecting classical signaling pathways,immune checkpoints,and gut microbiome.We also introduce novel cancer chemoprevention strategies and summarize the role of natural compounds in improving chemotherapy regimens.Furthermore,we describe strategies for discovering anticancer compounds with low abundance and high activity,revealing the broad prospects of natural compounds in drug discovery for cancer chemoprevention.Moreover,we associate cancer chemoprevention with precision medicine,and discuss the challenges encountered in cancer chemoprevention.Finally,we emphasize the transformative potential of natural compounds in advancing the field of cancer chemoprevention and their ability to introduce more effective and less toxic preventive options for oncology.
文摘INTRODUCTION Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is the leading cause of severe acute lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI)in infants and young children,resulting in an estimated 33 million infections annually,>3 million hospitalizations,and>100000 deaths in children under 5 years globally,with a mortality rate of up to 9%in low-resource countries,which have 99%of the global RSV mortality.1 RSV infection is associated with an increased risk of respiratory failure,admission to the ICU,mechanical ventilation,use of oxygen therapy,and death.2,3 Severe RSV-LRTI in early childhood increases the risk of long-term respiratory disorders such as repeated wheezing or asthma.
基金support of the Textile Light Applied Basic Research Project(Grant No.J202107)the Doctor Project of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Jiangsu Province(Grant No.JSSCBS20210821)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22205082)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20221098).
文摘To increase the fire safety of epoxy resin,this study employed a layer-by-layer self-assembly method to prepare a biologically flame-retardant coating-modified zirconium-based metal-organic framework(chitosan/phytic acid(CS/PA)@UiO-66).This study also attempted to incorporate boron nitride(BN)to enhance the flame-retardant properties of epoxy resin composites.The results from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the successful synthesis of UiO-66 and illustrated the assembly of CS and PA onto UiO-66 through a self-assembly strategy.Thermogravimetric analysis in conjunction with cone calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy analyses indicated that incorporating biologically-based flame-retardant coating-modified CS/PA@UiO-66 and BN nanosheets could effectively increase the flame-retardant performance of epoxy composites.Compared with pure epoxy resin,the incorporation of CS/PA@UiO-66-3 and CS/PA@UiO-66-3/BN led to a reduction in the peak heat release rate and total heat release values of 61.13%and 22.36%for EP/CS/PA@UiO-66-3 and EP/CS/PA@UiO-66-3/BN,respectively.Notably,EP/CS/PA@UiO-66-3/BN presented a continuous and dense char layer surface with increased graphite arrangement and higher residual char content after thermal degradation and combustion,thereby providing effective suppression of heat,mass,and oxygen transfer,demonstrating promising flame-retardant efficacy.Consequently,this study successfully improved the fire safety of epoxy resin and presented a new approach for the use of biologically-based flame-retardants.
