Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with ongoing CPR on arrival to emergency department still a challenge to decide how long the resuscitation should continue or when to terminate it. Case Summary: A pat...Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with ongoing CPR on arrival to emergency department still a challenge to decide how long the resuscitation should continue or when to terminate it. Case Summary: A patient with a 1-week history of difficulty in breathing suffered from an OHCA. The electrocardiogram upon arrival to the hospital showed pulseless electrical activity. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated and continued for a total of 90 minutes without any interruption until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was achieved. Post-cardiac care was offered, and the patient was discharged with complete neurological recovery. Discussion: In non-shockable rhythms, the powerful defibrillator machine is not used during resuscitation. In such cases, identifying the offending cause, performing high quality CPR and administering epinephrine are the only effective tools in resuscitating a patient.展开更多
Introduction: Acute hemoperitoneum due to the spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare case of non-traumatic intra-abdomen bleeding that requires a high index of suspicion to approach, especiall...Introduction: Acute hemoperitoneum due to the spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare case of non-traumatic intra-abdomen bleeding that requires a high index of suspicion to approach, especially if no known history of HCC. It can mislead the physicians when the patient presents in an atypical way. Case Presentation: In this case report, we describe a fortuitous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma in a 58-year-old male who was not previously diagnosed as having HCC and who came with atypical symptoms and signs of hemoperitoneum. He was then treated by trans-arterial embolectomy. Discussion: Diagnosis of hemoperitoneum in a case with bradycardia and hypotension is uncommon, as it goes more towards cardiogenic shock than hypovolemic shock, especially in a patient who is previously not symptomatic and has no risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: physicians should be alert to the possibility of encountering a hemorrhagic shock, although no trauma injury in any hypotensive patient with no clear reason for his condition.展开更多
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) can cause significant morbidity and mortality in patient with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. A subset of DKA cases termed euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) is characterized...Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) can cause significant morbidity and mortality in patient with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. A subset of DKA cases termed euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) is characterized by euglycemic (<200 mg/dl), high anion gap metabolic acidosis, and increased plasma ketone concentration. This clinical syndrome is primary related to a general state of starvation, resulting in the development of ketosis while maintaining normoglycemia. It can lead to severe complication, such as extreme dehydration, altered mental status and coma. Early recognition and treatment are essential to avoid this life-threatening complication. EDKA represents approximately 2.6% to 3.2% of total DKA admissions, making it a rare condition. In this case report, a male patient was diagnosed with type 2 DM, 1 week prior to his symptoms and admission in hospital. Despite normal glucose levels at the time of presentation to the ED, he displayed severe acidemia and ketonemia, and was diagnosed with EDKA.展开更多
文摘Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with ongoing CPR on arrival to emergency department still a challenge to decide how long the resuscitation should continue or when to terminate it. Case Summary: A patient with a 1-week history of difficulty in breathing suffered from an OHCA. The electrocardiogram upon arrival to the hospital showed pulseless electrical activity. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated and continued for a total of 90 minutes without any interruption until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was achieved. Post-cardiac care was offered, and the patient was discharged with complete neurological recovery. Discussion: In non-shockable rhythms, the powerful defibrillator machine is not used during resuscitation. In such cases, identifying the offending cause, performing high quality CPR and administering epinephrine are the only effective tools in resuscitating a patient.
文摘Introduction: Acute hemoperitoneum due to the spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare case of non-traumatic intra-abdomen bleeding that requires a high index of suspicion to approach, especially if no known history of HCC. It can mislead the physicians when the patient presents in an atypical way. Case Presentation: In this case report, we describe a fortuitous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma in a 58-year-old male who was not previously diagnosed as having HCC and who came with atypical symptoms and signs of hemoperitoneum. He was then treated by trans-arterial embolectomy. Discussion: Diagnosis of hemoperitoneum in a case with bradycardia and hypotension is uncommon, as it goes more towards cardiogenic shock than hypovolemic shock, especially in a patient who is previously not symptomatic and has no risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: physicians should be alert to the possibility of encountering a hemorrhagic shock, although no trauma injury in any hypotensive patient with no clear reason for his condition.
文摘Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) can cause significant morbidity and mortality in patient with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. A subset of DKA cases termed euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) is characterized by euglycemic (<200 mg/dl), high anion gap metabolic acidosis, and increased plasma ketone concentration. This clinical syndrome is primary related to a general state of starvation, resulting in the development of ketosis while maintaining normoglycemia. It can lead to severe complication, such as extreme dehydration, altered mental status and coma. Early recognition and treatment are essential to avoid this life-threatening complication. EDKA represents approximately 2.6% to 3.2% of total DKA admissions, making it a rare condition. In this case report, a male patient was diagnosed with type 2 DM, 1 week prior to his symptoms and admission in hospital. Despite normal glucose levels at the time of presentation to the ED, he displayed severe acidemia and ketonemia, and was diagnosed with EDKA.
