The deformation characteristics of silty soils under vibrational loads can easily change due to the wetting process,leading to the failure of roadbed structures.Commonly used methods for improving silty soils in engin...The deformation characteristics of silty soils under vibrational loads can easily change due to the wetting process,leading to the failure of roadbed structures.Commonly used methods for improving silty soils in engineering often yield unsatisfactory economic and ecological outcomes.As an environment-friendly soil improvement material,Xanthan gum has broad application prospects and is therefore considered a solidifying agent for enhancing silty soil properties in the Yellow River Basin.In this study,a series of tests is conducted using a scanning electron microscope and a dynamic triaxial testing apparatus to investigate the microstructure and dynamic deformation characteristics of unsaturated silty soil with varying xanthan gum contents during the wetting process.The results show that xanthan gum effectively fills voids between soil particles and adheres to their surfaces,forming fibrous and network structures.This modification enhances the inherent properties of the silty soil and significantly improves its stability under dynamic loading.Specifically,with increasing xanthan gum content,the dynamic shear modulus increases while the damping ratio decreases.During the wetting process,as suction decreases,the dynamic shear modulus decreases while the damping ratio increases.Xanthan gum reduces the sensitivity of the dynamic deformation characteristics of the treated silty soil to changes in suction levels.Finally,based on the modified Hardin-Drnevich hyperbolic model,a predictive model for the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of treated silty soil is proposed,considering the xanthan gum content.These research findings provide a theoretical basis for the construction and maintenance of water conservancy,slope stabilization,and roadbed projects in the Yellow River Basin.展开更多
The complex behaviors of expansive soils,particularly their volumetric changes driven by moisture variations,pose significant challenges in urban geotechnical engineering.Although vegetation-induced moisture changes a...The complex behaviors of expansive soils,particularly their volumetric changes driven by moisture variations,pose significant challenges in urban geotechnical engineering.Although vegetation-induced moisture changes are known to affect ground movement,quantitative characterization of tree–soil interactions remains limited due to insufficient field data and unclear relationships between tree water uptake and soil response.This study investigates the mechanical behavior of expansive clay soils influenced by two Lophostemon confertus samples during a 14-month field monitoring program in Melbourne,Australia.The research methodology integrates measurements of soil displacement,total soil suction,moisture content,and tree water consumption through instrumentation and monitoring systems.Field measurements suggest that tree roots reached the limits of their water extraction capacity when total soil suction exceeded 2880 kPa within the active root zone.The spatial extent of tree-induced soil desiccation reached 0.6–0.7 times the tree height laterally and penetrated to depths of 2.5–3.3 m vertically.The mature sample,with an 86%greater crown area and a threefold larger sapwood area,exhibited 142%higher water consumption(35 kL),demonstrating the scalability of tree–soil interaction mechanisms.A multiple linear regression model was developed to quantify the coupled relationships between soil movement and key variables,achieving a high adjusted R2 value of 0.97,which provides engineers and practitioners with a practical tool for estimating ground movement near trees.These findings offer valuable insights for infrastructure design in tree-adjacent environments and can inform computational models and design codes to enable more accurate site assessments and sustainable urban development.展开更多
Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)and its derivatives based gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)are severely limited in advanced and safe lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)owing to the intrinsically high flammability of liquid electrolytes...Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)and its derivatives based gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)are severely limited in advanced and safe lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)owing to the intrinsically high flammability of liquid electrolytes and PEO.Directly adding flame retardants to the GPEs can suppress their flammability and thus improve the safety of LIBs,but results in deteriorative electrochemical performance.Herein,a novel GPE with chemically bonded flame retardant(i.e.diethyl vinylphosphonate)in cross-linked polyethylene glycol diacrylate matrix,featuring both high-safety and high-performance,is designed.This as-prepared GPE storing the commercial 1 mol L^(-1) LiPF6 electrolyte resists high temperature of 200℃and cannot be ignited as well as possesses a high ionic conductivity(0.60 m S cm^(-1))and good compatibility with lithium.Notably,the LiFePO_(4)/Li battery with this GPE delivers a satisfactory capacity of 142.2 m A h g^(-1) and a superior cycling performance with a capacity retention of 96.3%and a coulombic efficiency of close to 100%for 350 cycles at 0.2 C under ambient temperature.Furthermore,the battery can achieve steady charge–discharge for 100 cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 99.5%at 1 C under 80℃and run normally even at a high temperature of 150℃or under the exposure to butane flame.Differential scanning calorimetry manifests significantly improved battery safety compared to commercial battery systems.This work provides a new pathway for developing next-generation advanced LIBs with enhanced performance and high safety.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries as extremely promising high-density energy storage devices have attracted extensive concern. However, practical applications of Li-S batteries are severely restricted by not only intrins...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries as extremely promising high-density energy storage devices have attracted extensive concern. However, practical applications of Li-S batteries are severely restricted by not only intrinsic polysulfides shuttle resulting from their concentration gradient diffusion and sluggish conversion kinetics but also serious safety issue caused by thermolabile and combustible polymer separators.Herein, it is presented for the first time that a robust and multifunctional separator with urchin-like Co-doped Fe OOH microspheres and multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) as an interlayer simultaneously achieves to suppress polysulfides shuttle as well as improves thermotolerance and nonflammability of commercial PP separator. Accordingly, Li-S batteries with modified separator exhibit remarkable performance in a wide range temperatures of-25–100 ℃. Typically, under 25 ℃, ultrahigh initial capacities of 1441 and 827.29 m A h g-1 at 1 C and 2 C are delivered, and remained capacities of 936 and 663.18 mA h g-1 can be obtained after 500 cycles, respectively. At 0.1 C, the S utilization can reach up to 97%. Significantly, at 1 C, the batteries also deliver an excellent performance with remained capacities of high to862.3, 608.4 and 420.6 m A h g-1 after 100, 300 and 450 cycles under 75, 0 and-25 ℃, respectively. This work provides a new insight for developing stable and safe high-performance Li-S batteries.展开更多
With the increase of people’s demand,it is extremely desired for developing high-safety,widetemperature-range and high-energy-density lithium batteries,but huge challenges are remained due to shrinkage and combustion...With the increase of people’s demand,it is extremely desired for developing high-safety,widetemperature-range and high-energy-density lithium batteries,but huge challenges are remained due to shrinkage and combustion of commonly used polyolefin separators at high temperatures,as well as narrow usable temperature range and high flammability of conventionally commercialized liquid electrolytes.In this work,we report a multifunctional separator mainly consisting of Zn^(2+)-phytate coordination complex nanoparticles and bacterial cellulose nanofibers,named the BZP separator,which possesses high porosity,excellent thermotolerance,good flame retardancy,abilities of anion binding and Ni^(2+)capturing.Through cooperating with the fluoride-free wide-temperature-range electrolyte,Li//LiFePO_(4) cells not only deliver discharge capacities of 110.39 mA h g^(-1)and 113.25 mA h g^(-1)after 2200 cycles (2 C) and1600 cycles (5 C) at 25℃,with capacity retentions of 76.59%and 86.09%,respectively,but also exhibit excellent cycling performance at 80℃ and-40℃.Significantly,the Li//NCM811 cell with a loading of7.8 mg cm^(-2)delivers a discharge capacity of 146.64 mA h g^(-1)after 200 cycles at 0.5 C,with a capacity retention of 89.03%.In addition,pouch cells can work at 120℃ and have low flammability.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the correlation of serum NGAL and OPG contents with the change of carotid plaques in diabetic patients.Methods: A total of 99 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with carotid plaqu...Objective:To investigate the correlation of serum NGAL and OPG contents with the change of carotid plaques in diabetic patients.Methods: A total of 99 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with carotid plaque who were treated in our hospitals between February 2016 and March 2018 were selected as group A and 86 patients with carotid plaque alone were selected as group B. The serum contents of NGAL OPG, inflammatory markers and lipid metabolism indexes were compared between the two groups, and Pearson test was used to evaluate the inner link of serum NGAL and OPG contents with carotid plaque properties in diabetic patients with carotid plaques.Results: Serum NGAL content of group A was higher than that of group B whereas OPG content was lower than that of group B;serum inflammatory markers MMP-9, IL-1β, IL-17 and CRP contents were higher than those of group B;serum lipid metabolism indexes ApoB and Lp-PLA2 contents were higher than those of group B whereas ApoAⅠcontent was lower than that of group B. Correlation analysis showed that serum NGAL and OPG contents of patients with diabetes mellitus combined with carotid plaque were directly correlated with the content of inflammatory markers and lipid metabolism indexes.Conclusion: Serum NGAL content abnormally increases whereas OPG content abnormally decreases in patients with diabetes mellitus combined with carotid plaque, and they are directly correlated with the stability of carotid plaque.展开更多
Soliton microcombs have shown great potential in a variety of applications ranging from chip-scale frequency metrology to optical communications and photonic data center,in which light couplings among cavity transvers...Soliton microcombs have shown great potential in a variety of applications ranging from chip-scale frequency metrology to optical communications and photonic data center,in which light couplings among cavity transverse modes,termed as intermode interactions,are long-existing and usually give rise to localized impacts on the soliton state.Of particular interest are whispering gallery mode-based crystalline resonators,which with dense mode families,potentially feature interactions of all kinds.While effects of narrowband interactions such as spectral power spikes have been well recognized in crystalline resonators,those of broadband interactions remain unexplored.Here,we demonstrate microcombs with broadband and dispersive intermode interactions,in homedeveloped magnesium fluoride microresonators with an intrinsic Q-factor approaching 10 billion.In addition to conventional soliton comb generation in the single-mode pumping scheme,comb states with broadband spectral tailoring effect have been observed,via an intermode pumping scheme.Remarkably,footprints of both constructive and destructive interference on the comb spectrum have been observed,which as confirmed by simulations,are connected to the dispersive effects of the coupled mode family.Our results would not only contribute to the understanding of dissipative soliton dynamics in multi-mode or coupled resonator systems,but also extend the access to stable soliton combs in crystalline microresonators where mode control and dispersion engineering are usually challenging.展开更多
Let ASG（2v ＋ l, v; Fq） be the （2v ＋l）-dimensional affine-singular symplectic space over the finite field Fq and ASp2v＋l,v（Fq） be the affine-singular symplectic group of degree 2v ＋ l over Fq. Let O be any or...Let ASG（2v ＋ l, v; Fq） be the （2v ＋l）-dimensional affine-singular symplectic space over the finite field Fq and ASp2v＋l,v（Fq） be the affine-singular symplectic group of degree 2v ＋ l over Fq. Let O be any orbit of flats under ASp2v＋l,v（Fq）. Denote by J the set of all flats which are joins of flats in O such that O LJ and assume the join of the empty set of flats in ASG（2v ＋ l, v;Fq） is φ. Ordering LJ by ordinary or reverse inclusion, then two lattices axe obtained. This paper firstly studies the inclusion relations between different lattices, then determines a characterization of flats contained in a given lattice LJ, when the lattices form geometric lattice, lastly gives the characteristic polynomial of LJ.展开更多
基金supported by the Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan Province,China(Grant No.YJS2023AL004)the Graduate Innovation Project of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power(Grant No.NCWUYC-202315069)the China National Scholarship Fund organized by the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202208410337).
文摘The deformation characteristics of silty soils under vibrational loads can easily change due to the wetting process,leading to the failure of roadbed structures.Commonly used methods for improving silty soils in engineering often yield unsatisfactory economic and ecological outcomes.As an environment-friendly soil improvement material,Xanthan gum has broad application prospects and is therefore considered a solidifying agent for enhancing silty soil properties in the Yellow River Basin.In this study,a series of tests is conducted using a scanning electron microscope and a dynamic triaxial testing apparatus to investigate the microstructure and dynamic deformation characteristics of unsaturated silty soil with varying xanthan gum contents during the wetting process.The results show that xanthan gum effectively fills voids between soil particles and adheres to their surfaces,forming fibrous and network structures.This modification enhances the inherent properties of the silty soil and significantly improves its stability under dynamic loading.Specifically,with increasing xanthan gum content,the dynamic shear modulus increases while the damping ratio decreases.During the wetting process,as suction decreases,the dynamic shear modulus decreases while the damping ratio increases.Xanthan gum reduces the sensitivity of the dynamic deformation characteristics of the treated silty soil to changes in suction levels.Finally,based on the modified Hardin-Drnevich hyperbolic model,a predictive model for the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of treated silty soil is proposed,considering the xanthan gum content.These research findings provide a theoretical basis for the construction and maintenance of water conservancy,slope stabilization,and roadbed projects in the Yellow River Basin.
基金funded by the Australian Research Council via the ARC Linkage(Grant No.LP16160100649).
文摘The complex behaviors of expansive soils,particularly their volumetric changes driven by moisture variations,pose significant challenges in urban geotechnical engineering.Although vegetation-induced moisture changes are known to affect ground movement,quantitative characterization of tree–soil interactions remains limited due to insufficient field data and unclear relationships between tree water uptake and soil response.This study investigates the mechanical behavior of expansive clay soils influenced by two Lophostemon confertus samples during a 14-month field monitoring program in Melbourne,Australia.The research methodology integrates measurements of soil displacement,total soil suction,moisture content,and tree water consumption through instrumentation and monitoring systems.Field measurements suggest that tree roots reached the limits of their water extraction capacity when total soil suction exceeded 2880 kPa within the active root zone.The spatial extent of tree-induced soil desiccation reached 0.6–0.7 times the tree height laterally and penetrated to depths of 2.5–3.3 m vertically.The mature sample,with an 86%greater crown area and a threefold larger sapwood area,exhibited 142%higher water consumption(35 kL),demonstrating the scalability of tree–soil interaction mechanisms.A multiple linear regression model was developed to quantify the coupled relationships between soil movement and key variables,achieving a high adjusted R2 value of 0.97,which provides engineers and practitioners with a practical tool for estimating ground movement near trees.These findings offer valuable insights for infrastructure design in tree-adjacent environments and can inform computational models and design codes to enable more accurate site assessments and sustainable urban development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51773134)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2019YFH0112)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)and its derivatives based gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)are severely limited in advanced and safe lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)owing to the intrinsically high flammability of liquid electrolytes and PEO.Directly adding flame retardants to the GPEs can suppress their flammability and thus improve the safety of LIBs,but results in deteriorative electrochemical performance.Herein,a novel GPE with chemically bonded flame retardant(i.e.diethyl vinylphosphonate)in cross-linked polyethylene glycol diacrylate matrix,featuring both high-safety and high-performance,is designed.This as-prepared GPE storing the commercial 1 mol L^(-1) LiPF6 electrolyte resists high temperature of 200℃and cannot be ignited as well as possesses a high ionic conductivity(0.60 m S cm^(-1))and good compatibility with lithium.Notably,the LiFePO_(4)/Li battery with this GPE delivers a satisfactory capacity of 142.2 m A h g^(-1) and a superior cycling performance with a capacity retention of 96.3%and a coulombic efficiency of close to 100%for 350 cycles at 0.2 C under ambient temperature.Furthermore,the battery can achieve steady charge–discharge for 100 cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 99.5%at 1 C under 80℃and run normally even at a high temperature of 150℃or under the exposure to butane flame.Differential scanning calorimetry manifests significantly improved battery safety compared to commercial battery systems.This work provides a new pathway for developing next-generation advanced LIBs with enhanced performance and high safety.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51773134)the Program for the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51721091)+2 种基金the Sichuan Province Science and Technology Project(2019YFH0112)the Sichuan Province Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team(2017TD0006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2017SCU04A14 and YJ201821)。
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries as extremely promising high-density energy storage devices have attracted extensive concern. However, practical applications of Li-S batteries are severely restricted by not only intrinsic polysulfides shuttle resulting from their concentration gradient diffusion and sluggish conversion kinetics but also serious safety issue caused by thermolabile and combustible polymer separators.Herein, it is presented for the first time that a robust and multifunctional separator with urchin-like Co-doped Fe OOH microspheres and multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) as an interlayer simultaneously achieves to suppress polysulfides shuttle as well as improves thermotolerance and nonflammability of commercial PP separator. Accordingly, Li-S batteries with modified separator exhibit remarkable performance in a wide range temperatures of-25–100 ℃. Typically, under 25 ℃, ultrahigh initial capacities of 1441 and 827.29 m A h g-1 at 1 C and 2 C are delivered, and remained capacities of 936 and 663.18 mA h g-1 can be obtained after 500 cycles, respectively. At 0.1 C, the S utilization can reach up to 97%. Significantly, at 1 C, the batteries also deliver an excellent performance with remained capacities of high to862.3, 608.4 and 420.6 m A h g-1 after 100, 300 and 450 cycles under 75, 0 and-25 ℃, respectively. This work provides a new insight for developing stable and safe high-performance Li-S batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22275131)the Institutional Research Fund from Sichuan University (2021SCUNL201)+1 种基金the 111 Project (B20001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘With the increase of people’s demand,it is extremely desired for developing high-safety,widetemperature-range and high-energy-density lithium batteries,but huge challenges are remained due to shrinkage and combustion of commonly used polyolefin separators at high temperatures,as well as narrow usable temperature range and high flammability of conventionally commercialized liquid electrolytes.In this work,we report a multifunctional separator mainly consisting of Zn^(2+)-phytate coordination complex nanoparticles and bacterial cellulose nanofibers,named the BZP separator,which possesses high porosity,excellent thermotolerance,good flame retardancy,abilities of anion binding and Ni^(2+)capturing.Through cooperating with the fluoride-free wide-temperature-range electrolyte,Li//LiFePO_(4) cells not only deliver discharge capacities of 110.39 mA h g^(-1)and 113.25 mA h g^(-1)after 2200 cycles (2 C) and1600 cycles (5 C) at 25℃,with capacity retentions of 76.59%and 86.09%,respectively,but also exhibit excellent cycling performance at 80℃ and-40℃.Significantly,the Li//NCM811 cell with a loading of7.8 mg cm^(-2)delivers a discharge capacity of 146.64 mA h g^(-1)after 200 cycles at 0.5 C,with a capacity retention of 89.03%.In addition,pouch cells can work at 120℃ and have low flammability.
文摘Objective:To investigate the correlation of serum NGAL and OPG contents with the change of carotid plaques in diabetic patients.Methods: A total of 99 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with carotid plaque who were treated in our hospitals between February 2016 and March 2018 were selected as group A and 86 patients with carotid plaque alone were selected as group B. The serum contents of NGAL OPG, inflammatory markers and lipid metabolism indexes were compared between the two groups, and Pearson test was used to evaluate the inner link of serum NGAL and OPG contents with carotid plaque properties in diabetic patients with carotid plaques.Results: Serum NGAL content of group A was higher than that of group B whereas OPG content was lower than that of group B;serum inflammatory markers MMP-9, IL-1β, IL-17 and CRP contents were higher than those of group B;serum lipid metabolism indexes ApoB and Lp-PLA2 contents were higher than those of group B whereas ApoAⅠcontent was lower than that of group B. Correlation analysis showed that serum NGAL and OPG contents of patients with diabetes mellitus combined with carotid plaque were directly correlated with the content of inflammatory markers and lipid metabolism indexes.Conclusion: Serum NGAL content abnormally increases whereas OPG content abnormally decreases in patients with diabetes mellitus combined with carotid plaque, and they are directly correlated with the stability of carotid plaque.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0309400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11974234)+1 种基金Shanghai Science and Technology Development Foundation(20QA1403500)111 Project(D20031)。
文摘Soliton microcombs have shown great potential in a variety of applications ranging from chip-scale frequency metrology to optical communications and photonic data center,in which light couplings among cavity transverse modes,termed as intermode interactions,are long-existing and usually give rise to localized impacts on the soliton state.Of particular interest are whispering gallery mode-based crystalline resonators,which with dense mode families,potentially feature interactions of all kinds.While effects of narrowband interactions such as spectral power spikes have been well recognized in crystalline resonators,those of broadband interactions remain unexplored.Here,we demonstrate microcombs with broadband and dispersive intermode interactions,in homedeveloped magnesium fluoride microresonators with an intrinsic Q-factor approaching 10 billion.In addition to conventional soliton comb generation in the single-mode pumping scheme,comb states with broadband spectral tailoring effect have been observed,via an intermode pumping scheme.Remarkably,footprints of both constructive and destructive interference on the comb spectrum have been observed,which as confirmed by simulations,are connected to the dispersive effects of the coupled mode family.Our results would not only contribute to the understanding of dissipative soliton dynamics in multi-mode or coupled resonator systems,but also extend the access to stable soliton combs in crystalline microresonators where mode control and dispersion engineering are usually challenging.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61179026 and No.11701558
文摘Let ASG（2v ＋ l, v; Fq） be the （2v ＋l）-dimensional affine-singular symplectic space over the finite field Fq and ASp2v＋l,v（Fq） be the affine-singular symplectic group of degree 2v ＋ l over Fq. Let O be any orbit of flats under ASp2v＋l,v（Fq）. Denote by J the set of all flats which are joins of flats in O such that O LJ and assume the join of the empty set of flats in ASG（2v ＋ l, v;Fq） is φ. Ordering LJ by ordinary or reverse inclusion, then two lattices axe obtained. This paper firstly studies the inclusion relations between different lattices, then determines a characterization of flats contained in a given lattice LJ, when the lattices form geometric lattice, lastly gives the characteristic polynomial of LJ.
