Dams and reservoirs play an essential role in regulating and managing water resources.Since the middle of the 20th century,the growing demand for water and hydropower has led to an unprecedented boom in reservoir cons...Dams and reservoirs play an essential role in regulating and managing water resources.Since the middle of the 20th century,the growing demand for water and hydropower has led to an unprecedented boom in reservoir construction worldwide[1,2].Meanwhile,reservoir construction has also resulted in a variety of ecological and socioeconomic impacts[3–5].Reservoirs transform natural flow regimes into conditions favored by human demand.The associated flow regulations,especially in reservoirs constructed in recent decades(e.g.,after 2000)with greater seasonal variability[6,7],represent a strong human-induced alteration of the hydrologic cycle.As reservoir construction continues to boom in many parts of the world,an up-to-date and openaccess inventory of reservoirs worldwide remains critically desired.展开更多
Central Asia(CA)faces a severe water crisis exemplified by the shrinking Aral Sea.However,little is known about the entire region,particularly the numerous small water bodies that are vulnerable to climate change yet ...Central Asia(CA)faces a severe water crisis exemplified by the shrinking Aral Sea.However,little is known about the entire region,particularly the numerous small water bodies that are vulnerable to climate change yet vital for regional sustainability.We examined water bodies as small as 0.0045 km^(2)across CA from 1992 to 2020,identifying 66,215 water bodies in 2020,82.2%of which were previously unstudied.In contrast to the well-documented decline of the Aral Sea,other water bodies have expanded by 10.7%(8714.3 km^(2)),with a net gain of 15,831 lakes since 1992.These findings challenge the perception of a drying CA and provide evidence of a warm-wet climate trend,which is redistributing water resources and creating opportunities for transforming water management to address the long-standing water crisis in CA.展开更多
Over a hundred sizable lakes,some even larger than^1 km2,are distributed across the lowlands between megadunes in the southeastern Badain Jaran Desert(BJD),northwest China.With rather limited precipitation and hardly ...Over a hundred sizable lakes,some even larger than^1 km2,are distributed across the lowlands between megadunes in the southeastern Badain Jaran Desert(BJD),northwest China.With rather limited precipitation and hardly any surface runoff,these lakes are fed mainly by groundwater.However,the source of the groundwater and the groundwater discharge rates to these lakes are poorly understood.Water level and temperature of four representative lakes in the southeastern BJD were monitored continuously between 2013 and 2017.Water surface evaporation and rainfall in this area were also measured.Combining these acquired data,groundwater discharge rates were estimated using water balance models.The results show that the four lakes have similar recharge and discharge patterns,but at different average net groundwater discharge rates ranging from 1.79 to 3.09 mm d?1.The lake level variation mainly depends on groundwater discharge and lake surface evaporation.We found that diurnal lake level variation may be controlled by earth tide and atmospheric pressure change,and is five times greater than the evaporation.The desert precipitation and deep confined groundwater with high temperature were found also recharging the desert lakes.An Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD)method was used to identify the lake level trend.All lake levels increased over the last four years,except one decreased in 2015 and 2016.The lake levels’increasing trend is synchronously similar with the precipitation in north China.This study analyzes annual and seasonal lake level variations,and also finds the diurnal water cycle between the groundwater and lake water for the first time.展开更多
Lake-effect snowfall(LES)occurs when cold air moves across open lakes.LES is expected to occur more frequently over the TP,due to the intensified lake expansion caused by intensified global warming.Thus,there is an ur...Lake-effect snowfall(LES)occurs when cold air moves across open lakes.LES is expected to occur more frequently over the TP,due to the intensified lake expansion caused by intensified global warming.Thus,there is an urgent need to comprehensively assess the LES over the TP.Here,we revealed that the LES is triggered by westerly southward shift leading to the drop in air temperature and is positively correlated with lake area,wind speed and longitude across 12 large lakes(>300 km^(2))based on satellite observations and reanalysis data.Using a sensitivity model simulation,we determined that large lakes in the southern TP contributed to more than 50%of the snowfall in the downwind area in 2013.Projections indicate that the westerly-triggered LES will increase under the future RCP4.5 climate warming scenario,highlighting the importance of developing adaptive policies to address the growing risks associated with future LES.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF0711603)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA23100102,XDA19090120)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42371399,42301431)the Science and Technology Planning Project of NIGLAS(2022NIGLAS-CJH04,2022NIGLAS-TJ18)supported by the NASA Surface Water and Ocean Topography(SWOT)Science Team(80NSSC20K1143)supported by the CNES TOSCA program of research for his role as PI of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography(SWOT)mission。
文摘Dams and reservoirs play an essential role in regulating and managing water resources.Since the middle of the 20th century,the growing demand for water and hydropower has led to an unprecedented boom in reservoir construction worldwide[1,2].Meanwhile,reservoir construction has also resulted in a variety of ecological and socioeconomic impacts[3–5].Reservoirs transform natural flow regimes into conditions favored by human demand.The associated flow regulations,especially in reservoirs constructed in recent decades(e.g.,after 2000)with greater seasonal variability[6,7],represent a strong human-induced alteration of the hydrologic cycle.As reservoir construction continues to boom in many parts of the world,an up-to-date and openaccess inventory of reservoirs worldwide remains critically desired.
基金supported by the Excellent Research GroupProgram for Tibetan Plateau Earth System(42588201)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0606404)+2 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Tibetan PlateauEarth System,Environment and Resources(TPESER)Youth Innovation Key Program(TPESER-QNCX2022ZD-04)the National NaturalScience Foundation of China(42401048)the China Postdoctoral Innovation Program(GZC20241804).
文摘Central Asia(CA)faces a severe water crisis exemplified by the shrinking Aral Sea.However,little is known about the entire region,particularly the numerous small water bodies that are vulnerable to climate change yet vital for regional sustainability.We examined water bodies as small as 0.0045 km^(2)across CA from 1992 to 2020,identifying 66,215 water bodies in 2020,82.2%of which were previously unstudied.In contrast to the well-documented decline of the Aral Sea,other water bodies have expanded by 10.7%(8714.3 km^(2)),with a net gain of 15,831 lakes since 1992.These findings challenge the perception of a drying CA and provide evidence of a warm-wet climate trend,which is redistributing water resources and creating opportunities for transforming water management to address the long-standing water crisis in CA.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Pan-Third Pole Environment Study for a Green Silk Road(Pan-TPE)(Grand No.XDA20090000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grand No.41771016)NASA’s Surface Water and Ocean Topography(SWOT)Program(Grand No.NNX16A85G).
文摘Over a hundred sizable lakes,some even larger than^1 km2,are distributed across the lowlands between megadunes in the southeastern Badain Jaran Desert(BJD),northwest China.With rather limited precipitation and hardly any surface runoff,these lakes are fed mainly by groundwater.However,the source of the groundwater and the groundwater discharge rates to these lakes are poorly understood.Water level and temperature of four representative lakes in the southeastern BJD were monitored continuously between 2013 and 2017.Water surface evaporation and rainfall in this area were also measured.Combining these acquired data,groundwater discharge rates were estimated using water balance models.The results show that the four lakes have similar recharge and discharge patterns,but at different average net groundwater discharge rates ranging from 1.79 to 3.09 mm d?1.The lake level variation mainly depends on groundwater discharge and lake surface evaporation.We found that diurnal lake level variation may be controlled by earth tide and atmospheric pressure change,and is five times greater than the evaporation.The desert precipitation and deep confined groundwater with high temperature were found also recharging the desert lakes.An Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD)method was used to identify the lake level trend.All lake levels increased over the last four years,except one decreased in 2015 and 2016.The lake levels’increasing trend is synchronously similar with the precipitation in north China.This study analyzes annual and seasonal lake level variations,and also finds the diurnal water cycle between the groundwater and lake water for the first time.
基金supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS2022067)the Basic Science Center for Tibetan Plateau Earth System(41988101)。
文摘Lake-effect snowfall(LES)occurs when cold air moves across open lakes.LES is expected to occur more frequently over the TP,due to the intensified lake expansion caused by intensified global warming.Thus,there is an urgent need to comprehensively assess the LES over the TP.Here,we revealed that the LES is triggered by westerly southward shift leading to the drop in air temperature and is positively correlated with lake area,wind speed and longitude across 12 large lakes(>300 km^(2))based on satellite observations and reanalysis data.Using a sensitivity model simulation,we determined that large lakes in the southern TP contributed to more than 50%of the snowfall in the downwind area in 2013.Projections indicate that the westerly-triggered LES will increase under the future RCP4.5 climate warming scenario,highlighting the importance of developing adaptive policies to address the growing risks associated with future LES.
