Electric arc furnace dust(EAFD)is a hazardous waste but can also be a potential secondary resource for valuable metals,such as Zn and Fe.Given the increased awareness of carbon emission reduction,energy conservation,a...Electric arc furnace dust(EAFD)is a hazardous waste but can also be a potential secondary resource for valuable metals,such as Zn and Fe.Given the increased awareness of carbon emission reduction,energy conservation,and environmental protection,hydrometallurgical technologies for the detoxification and resource use of EAFD have been developing rapidly.This work summarizes the generation mechanisms,compositions,and characteristics of EAFD and presents a critical review of various hydrometallurgical treatment methods for EAFD,e.g.,acid leaching,alkaline leaching,salt leaching,and pretreatment–enhanced leaching methods.Simultaneously,the phase transformation mechanisms of zinc-containing components in acid and alkali solutions and pretreatment processes are expounded.Finally,two novel combined methods,i.e.,oxygen pressure sulfuric acid leaching combined with composite catalyst preparation,and synergistic roasting of EAFD and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash combined with alkaline leaching,are proposed,which can provide future development directions to completely recycling EAFD by recovering valuable metals and using zinc residue.展开更多
Starch and sugar properties and sweetness of storage root(SR)are vital to the economic value of sweet potato.To clarify the factors determining these properties of raw sweet potato,eleven varieties with different SR p...Starch and sugar properties and sweetness of storage root(SR)are vital to the economic value of sweet potato.To clarify the factors determining these properties of raw sweet potato,eleven varieties with different SR properties were selected to investigate the changes of starch and sugar-related traits,brix and amylase activities during the growth and development of SRs,and the correlation among these SR properties and the amylase activities were analyzed.Fiveβ-amylase genes expressed in SRs were cloned,and their expression and characteristics were analyzed to reveal the involvement of amylase in these SR properties.The results showed total sugar,soluble sugar,reducing sugar content and brix varied greatly among different varieties and development periods,β-amylase activities were much higher than that ofα-amylase in SRs,dynamically changed during the devel-opment of SRs,and decreased at the late stage of SR expansion.The expression of threeβ-amylase encoding genes were positively correlated with the total sugar content,and might play vital roles in starch and sugar metabolism in SRs.The brix of raw SRs was significantly correlated with total starch,amylose,amylopectin,total sugar content and reducing sugar content,but had no significant relationship with soluble sugar content andβ-amylase activity.These results indicated that the brix of SR was determined by both starch and sugar components,and multipleβ-amylases function together in starch and sugar metabolism in developing SRs.These findings provide important information for the improvement of sweetness and the quality of processed products in sweet potato.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074035)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.00007720)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFC1910000)。
文摘Electric arc furnace dust(EAFD)is a hazardous waste but can also be a potential secondary resource for valuable metals,such as Zn and Fe.Given the increased awareness of carbon emission reduction,energy conservation,and environmental protection,hydrometallurgical technologies for the detoxification and resource use of EAFD have been developing rapidly.This work summarizes the generation mechanisms,compositions,and characteristics of EAFD and presents a critical review of various hydrometallurgical treatment methods for EAFD,e.g.,acid leaching,alkaline leaching,salt leaching,and pretreatment–enhanced leaching methods.Simultaneously,the phase transformation mechanisms of zinc-containing components in acid and alkali solutions and pretreatment processes are expounded.Finally,two novel combined methods,i.e.,oxygen pressure sulfuric acid leaching combined with composite catalyst preparation,and synergistic roasting of EAFD and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash combined with alkaline leaching,are proposed,which can provide future development directions to completely recycling EAFD by recovering valuable metals and using zinc residue.
基金supported by special fund for youth team of the Southwest Universities(SWU-XJPY202306)the Technology Innovation and Application Development Key Project of Chongqing(cstc2021jscxgksbX0022)+1 种基金the special fund for Chongqing Beibei germplasm bank of tuber and root crops(ZWZZ2020005)the special funding from Chongqing modern agriculture industry technology system innovation team(CQMAITS202303-3).
文摘Starch and sugar properties and sweetness of storage root(SR)are vital to the economic value of sweet potato.To clarify the factors determining these properties of raw sweet potato,eleven varieties with different SR properties were selected to investigate the changes of starch and sugar-related traits,brix and amylase activities during the growth and development of SRs,and the correlation among these SR properties and the amylase activities were analyzed.Fiveβ-amylase genes expressed in SRs were cloned,and their expression and characteristics were analyzed to reveal the involvement of amylase in these SR properties.The results showed total sugar,soluble sugar,reducing sugar content and brix varied greatly among different varieties and development periods,β-amylase activities were much higher than that ofα-amylase in SRs,dynamically changed during the devel-opment of SRs,and decreased at the late stage of SR expansion.The expression of threeβ-amylase encoding genes were positively correlated with the total sugar content,and might play vital roles in starch and sugar metabolism in SRs.The brix of raw SRs was significantly correlated with total starch,amylose,amylopectin,total sugar content and reducing sugar content,but had no significant relationship with soluble sugar content andβ-amylase activity.These results indicated that the brix of SR was determined by both starch and sugar components,and multipleβ-amylases function together in starch and sugar metabolism in developing SRs.These findings provide important information for the improvement of sweetness and the quality of processed products in sweet potato.
