Immunomodulatory cancer therapy is witnessing the rise of viral immunotherapy.The oncolytic influenza A virus,although promising in preclinical investigations,remains to be implemented in clinical practice.Recent prog...Immunomodulatory cancer therapy is witnessing the rise of viral immunotherapy.The oncolytic influenza A virus,although promising in preclinical investigations,remains to be implemented in clinical practice.Recent progress in genetic engineering,coupled with experiential insights,offers opportunities to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the influenza A virus.This review explores the use of the influenza virus,its attenuated forms,and associated vaccines in cancer immunotherapy,highlighting their respective advantages and challenges.We further elucidate methods for engineering influenza viruses and innovative approaches to augment them with cytokines or immune checkpoint inhibitors,aiming to maximize their clinical impact.Our goal is to provide insights essential for refining influenza A virus-based viral tumor immunotherapies.展开更多
One of the basic questions in the aging field is whether there is a fundamental difference between the aging of lower invertebrates and mammals.A major difference between the lower invertebrates and mammals is the abu...One of the basic questions in the aging field is whether there is a fundamental difference between the aging of lower invertebrates and mammals.A major difference between the lower invertebrates and mammals is the abundancy of noncoding RNAs,most of which are not conserved.We have previously identified a noncoding RNA Terc-53 that is derived from the RNA component of telomerase Terc.To study its physiological functions,we generated two transgenic mouse models overexpressing the RNA in wild-type and early-aging Terc^(−/−)backgrounds.Terc-53 mice showed age-related cognition decline and shortened life span,even though no developmental defects or physiological abnormality at an early age was observed,indicating its involvement in normal aging of mammals.Subsequent mechanistic study identified hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor(Hmmr)as the main effector of Terc-53.Terc-53 mediates the degradation of Hmmr,leading to an increase of inflammation in the affected tissues,accelerating organismal aging.adeno-associated virus delivered supplementation of Hmmr in the hippocampus reversed the cognition decline in Terc-53 transgenic mice.Neither Terc-53 nor Hmmr has homologs in C.elegans.Neither do arthropods express hyaluronan.These findings demonstrate the complexity of aging in mammals and open new paths for exploring noncoding RNA and Hmmr as means of treating age-related physical debilities and improving healthspan.展开更多
The degradation of filtration performance in electret filter media during usage poses a significant challenge. Pre-charging of aerosols has been identified as an effective method to mitigate this issue. However, the e...The degradation of filtration performance in electret filter media during usage poses a significant challenge. Pre-charging of aerosols has been identified as an effective method to mitigate this issue. However, the effects of particle charging characteristics on the loading characteristics of electret filters still need a comprehensive understanding. In this study, a needle-cylinder corona charger was employed to pre-charge aerosols, and the particle charge state was determined by multiphysics simulation. The effects of particle charge polarity and charge quantity on the loading performance of the electret filter were quantitatively investigated. The results showed that the particle charge polarity had a negligible impact on the loading performance under the condition of the equivalent particle charge quantity. In addition, the charged particles effectively improved the efficiency degradation during the loading process of electret media, with higher charge quantities resulting in more pronounced improvements. The electrostatic attenuation factor showed a negative exponential correlation with the particle charge quantity. This was attributed to the uneven particle deposition on fiber surface due to the attraction of charged particles by the opposite charges on the electret fibers, which alleviated the effect of electrostatic shielding.展开更多
基金supported by the Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang(No.2022R01002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82272300 and 82102893)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.226-2024-00062),China.
文摘Immunomodulatory cancer therapy is witnessing the rise of viral immunotherapy.The oncolytic influenza A virus,although promising in preclinical investigations,remains to be implemented in clinical practice.Recent progress in genetic engineering,coupled with experiential insights,offers opportunities to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the influenza A virus.This review explores the use of the influenza virus,its attenuated forms,and associated vaccines in cancer immunotherapy,highlighting their respective advantages and challenges.We further elucidate methods for engineering influenza viruses and innovative approaches to augment them with cytokines or immune checkpoint inhibitors,aiming to maximize their clinical impact.Our goal is to provide insights essential for refining influenza A virus-based viral tumor immunotherapies.
基金supported by the Priority Research Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(Grant Nos.2017YFA0504600)the National Natural Science Foundation of the People’s Republic of China(Grants Nos.91649103,32091159).
文摘One of the basic questions in the aging field is whether there is a fundamental difference between the aging of lower invertebrates and mammals.A major difference between the lower invertebrates and mammals is the abundancy of noncoding RNAs,most of which are not conserved.We have previously identified a noncoding RNA Terc-53 that is derived from the RNA component of telomerase Terc.To study its physiological functions,we generated two transgenic mouse models overexpressing the RNA in wild-type and early-aging Terc^(−/−)backgrounds.Terc-53 mice showed age-related cognition decline and shortened life span,even though no developmental defects or physiological abnormality at an early age was observed,indicating its involvement in normal aging of mammals.Subsequent mechanistic study identified hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor(Hmmr)as the main effector of Terc-53.Terc-53 mediates the degradation of Hmmr,leading to an increase of inflammation in the affected tissues,accelerating organismal aging.adeno-associated virus delivered supplementation of Hmmr in the hippocampus reversed the cognition decline in Terc-53 transgenic mice.Neither Terc-53 nor Hmmr has homologs in C.elegans.Neither do arthropods express hyaluronan.These findings demonstrate the complexity of aging in mammals and open new paths for exploring noncoding RNA and Hmmr as means of treating age-related physical debilities and improving healthspan.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51936005,52176155)It is also supported by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2023A1515011516)Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project,China(No.2024A04J9884).
文摘The degradation of filtration performance in electret filter media during usage poses a significant challenge. Pre-charging of aerosols has been identified as an effective method to mitigate this issue. However, the effects of particle charging characteristics on the loading characteristics of electret filters still need a comprehensive understanding. In this study, a needle-cylinder corona charger was employed to pre-charge aerosols, and the particle charge state was determined by multiphysics simulation. The effects of particle charge polarity and charge quantity on the loading performance of the electret filter were quantitatively investigated. The results showed that the particle charge polarity had a negligible impact on the loading performance under the condition of the equivalent particle charge quantity. In addition, the charged particles effectively improved the efficiency degradation during the loading process of electret media, with higher charge quantities resulting in more pronounced improvements. The electrostatic attenuation factor showed a negative exponential correlation with the particle charge quantity. This was attributed to the uneven particle deposition on fiber surface due to the attraction of charged particles by the opposite charges on the electret fibers, which alleviated the effect of electrostatic shielding.
