Muscle cell-powered biohybrid robots represent a transformative fusion of biological tissue engineering and robotics,offering unprecedented potential for biomedical applications targeted at drug delivery,regenerative ...Muscle cell-powered biohybrid robots represent a transformative fusion of biological tissue engineering and robotics,offering unprecedented potential for biomedical applications targeted at drug delivery,regenerative medicine,bioengineered heart patches,lab-on-a-chip devices,biosensors,and soft surgical tools.This review categorizes the currently available examples and further explores advanced biofabrication techniques that drive the development of biohybrid systems,with a focus on 3D bioprinting,electrospinning,micro/nano patterning,self-assembly,and microfluidic devices.These fabrication strategies facilitate precise cell alignment,enhance electrical and mechanical properties,and enable the seamless integration of biological components with engineered structures.By incorporating both cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells,biohybrid robots achieve controlled actuation,autonomous movement,and adaptability to environmental stimuli.Furthermore,we discuss the latest optimization strategies in biofabrication,addressing key challenges such as scalability,biocompatibility,and functional integration.Biohybrid robots,including swimmers,actuators,and pumps,enable targeted drug delivery,assistive devices,and fluid transport in engineered tissues.Their integration with biological systems advances regenerative medicine,disease modeling,drug screening,and soft robotics.This review provides a comprehensive perspective on the state-of-the-art advancements and potential optimization in the fabrication techniques,paving the way for the next generation of biohybrid robotic systems.展开更多
The treatment of refractory bone defects is a major clinical challenge,especially in steroid-associated osteonecrosis(SAON),which is characterized by insufficient osteogenesis and angiogenesis.Herin,a microenvironment...The treatment of refractory bone defects is a major clinical challenge,especially in steroid-associated osteonecrosis(SAON),which is characterized by insufficient osteogenesis and angiogenesis.Herin,a microenvironment responsiveness scaffold composed of poly-L-lactide(PLLA),and manganese dioxide(MnO_(2))nanoparticles is designed to enhance bone regeneration by scavenging endogenous reactive oxygen species(ROS)and modulating immune microenvironment in situ.A catalase-like catalytic reaction between MnO_(2)and endogenous hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))generated at the bone defect area,which typically becomes acidic and ROS-rich,triggers on-demand release of oxygen and M^(n2+),significantly ameliorating inflammatory response by promoting M2-type polarization of macrophages,reprograming osteoimmune microenvironment conducive to angiogenesis and osteogenesis.Furthermore,the fundamental mechanisms were explored through transcriptome sequencing analysis,revealing that PLLA/MnO_(2)scaffolds(PMns)promote osteogenic differentiation by upre-gulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMSCs).Overall,the PMns exhibit superior immunomodulatory,excellent osteogenic-angiogenic properties and promising can-didates as bone graft substitutes for therapy clinical refractory bone defects.展开更多
基金funded by the National Institutes of Health(R01AR077132)AHA collaborative award(944227)supported by Marie-Curie post-doctoral fellowship awarded by European Commission(GAP-101109659)。
文摘Muscle cell-powered biohybrid robots represent a transformative fusion of biological tissue engineering and robotics,offering unprecedented potential for biomedical applications targeted at drug delivery,regenerative medicine,bioengineered heart patches,lab-on-a-chip devices,biosensors,and soft surgical tools.This review categorizes the currently available examples and further explores advanced biofabrication techniques that drive the development of biohybrid systems,with a focus on 3D bioprinting,electrospinning,micro/nano patterning,self-assembly,and microfluidic devices.These fabrication strategies facilitate precise cell alignment,enhance electrical and mechanical properties,and enable the seamless integration of biological components with engineered structures.By incorporating both cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells,biohybrid robots achieve controlled actuation,autonomous movement,and adaptability to environmental stimuli.Furthermore,we discuss the latest optimization strategies in biofabrication,addressing key challenges such as scalability,biocompatibility,and functional integration.Biohybrid robots,including swimmers,actuators,and pumps,enable targeted drug delivery,assistive devices,and fluid transport in engineered tissues.Their integration with biological systems advances regenerative medicine,disease modeling,drug screening,and soft robotics.This review provides a comprehensive perspective on the state-of-the-art advancements and potential optimization in the fabrication techniques,paving the way for the next generation of biohybrid robotic systems.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81871767)Shenzhen Medical Research Funds(B2302050)+4 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2022B1515120046,2023A1515010087,2023A1515011315)Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Digital Surgical Printing Project(ZDSYS201707311542415)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20220818103417037,JCYJ20210324115814040,JCYJ 20210324102206016,JSGG20210629144538010,KJZD20230923115200002)Shenzhen Development and Reform Program(XMHT20220106001)the Shenzhen Basic Research General Project(JCYJ20220531100408019).
文摘The treatment of refractory bone defects is a major clinical challenge,especially in steroid-associated osteonecrosis(SAON),which is characterized by insufficient osteogenesis and angiogenesis.Herin,a microenvironment responsiveness scaffold composed of poly-L-lactide(PLLA),and manganese dioxide(MnO_(2))nanoparticles is designed to enhance bone regeneration by scavenging endogenous reactive oxygen species(ROS)and modulating immune microenvironment in situ.A catalase-like catalytic reaction between MnO_(2)and endogenous hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))generated at the bone defect area,which typically becomes acidic and ROS-rich,triggers on-demand release of oxygen and M^(n2+),significantly ameliorating inflammatory response by promoting M2-type polarization of macrophages,reprograming osteoimmune microenvironment conducive to angiogenesis and osteogenesis.Furthermore,the fundamental mechanisms were explored through transcriptome sequencing analysis,revealing that PLLA/MnO_(2)scaffolds(PMns)promote osteogenic differentiation by upre-gulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMSCs).Overall,the PMns exhibit superior immunomodulatory,excellent osteogenic-angiogenic properties and promising can-didates as bone graft substitutes for therapy clinical refractory bone defects.
