As one of the most common metabolic diseases,type 2 diabetes(T2D)has become a public health concern with rising global prevalence.Corni fructus(CF),a traditional Chinese herb utilized for centuries as homologous medic...As one of the most common metabolic diseases,type 2 diabetes(T2D)has become a public health concern with rising global prevalence.Corni fructus(CF),a traditional Chinese herb utilized for centuries as homologous medicinal and food resources,has been widely used to treat glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.However,as a core active ingredient of CF,whether and how morroniside(MOR)improves T2D is still unclear.This study aimed to explore the pathways by which MOR ameliorates T2D in mice induced by high-fat diet(HFD)and low-dose streptozotocin through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.We found that MOR treatment significantly ameliorated body weight loss,hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance in T2D mice.In addition,MOR remarkably improved inflammation-and oxidative stress-driven hepatic and pancreatic injuries in the model mice.Mechanistically,MOR rehabilitated the dysregulated diversity and constitution of the gut microbiota in T2D mice,with significant changes in relative abundance in genus such as Lactobacillus,Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group,and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 which are believed to be highly correlated with serum parameters and insulin resistance in mice with T2D.Therefore,we infer that MOR improves T2D at least partially by maintaining the host microbiota homeostasis,and MOR may be a promising candidate for T2D treatment.展开更多
Background and Aims:Epidemiological data on bacterial infections in cirrhosis in China remain limited.Therefore,we aimed to conduct a multicenter study to investigate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with ...Background and Aims:Epidemiological data on bacterial infections in cirrhosis in China remain limited.Therefore,we aimed to conduct a multicenter study to investigate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with cirrhosis and bacterial infections in China.Methods:We retrospectively enrolled 1,438 hospitalized adult patients with cirrhosis and bacterial or fungal infections from 24 hospitals across China between January 2018 and September 2024.Data on demographics,clinical features,microbiology,treatment,and outcomes were collected.Results:A total of 1,783 infection episodes were recorded,including 1,668 first infections and 115 second infections.Most infections were community-acquired(86.6%).Pneumonia was the most common infection type(26.7%),followed by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(19.5%)and spontaneous bacteremia(14.1%).Among 754 pathogens isolated from 620 patients,Klebsiella pneumoniae(20.1%)was nearly as common as Escherichia coli(21.7%).Multidrug-resistant(MDR)organisms accounted for 41.0%of(20.1%)was nearly as common as Escherichia coli(21.7%).Multidrug-resistant(MDR)organisms accounted for 41.0%of all isolates,with extended-spectrum p-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli being the most prevalent MDR strain(8.9%of patients).Adherence to empirical antibiotic treatment guidelines from the European Association for the Study of the Liver was significantly lower in this cohort compared to the global study(21.5%vs.61.2%,P<0.001),accompanied by a lower clinical resolution rate(63.5%vs.79.8%,P<0.001).Conclusions:The clinical and microbiological characteristics of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis in China differ substantially from those reported in other regions.These findings highlight the need for region-specific management and prevention strategies,particularly in light of the changing microbiological landscape,high MDR prevalence,and suboptimal antibiotic practices.展开更多
基金supported by the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Special Fund of Shaanxi Province(2021-QYZL-01,2021-QYZL-03)Special Funding for Basic Research Operating Expenses of the Central Universities(GK202205001,GK202205010)Hebei Province Innovation Capacity Enhancement Program Project(225A2501D).
文摘As one of the most common metabolic diseases,type 2 diabetes(T2D)has become a public health concern with rising global prevalence.Corni fructus(CF),a traditional Chinese herb utilized for centuries as homologous medicinal and food resources,has been widely used to treat glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.However,as a core active ingredient of CF,whether and how morroniside(MOR)improves T2D is still unclear.This study aimed to explore the pathways by which MOR ameliorates T2D in mice induced by high-fat diet(HFD)and low-dose streptozotocin through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.We found that MOR treatment significantly ameliorated body weight loss,hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance in T2D mice.In addition,MOR remarkably improved inflammation-and oxidative stress-driven hepatic and pancreatic injuries in the model mice.Mechanistically,MOR rehabilitated the dysregulated diversity and constitution of the gut microbiota in T2D mice,with significant changes in relative abundance in genus such as Lactobacillus,Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group,and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 which are believed to be highly correlated with serum parameters and insulin resistance in mice with T2D.Therefore,we infer that MOR improves T2D at least partially by maintaining the host microbiota homeostasis,and MOR may be a promising candidate for T2D treatment.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2304500,No.2021YFC2301800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81870425)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023QZJH50)the Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang Province(2022RC141).
文摘Background and Aims:Epidemiological data on bacterial infections in cirrhosis in China remain limited.Therefore,we aimed to conduct a multicenter study to investigate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with cirrhosis and bacterial infections in China.Methods:We retrospectively enrolled 1,438 hospitalized adult patients with cirrhosis and bacterial or fungal infections from 24 hospitals across China between January 2018 and September 2024.Data on demographics,clinical features,microbiology,treatment,and outcomes were collected.Results:A total of 1,783 infection episodes were recorded,including 1,668 first infections and 115 second infections.Most infections were community-acquired(86.6%).Pneumonia was the most common infection type(26.7%),followed by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(19.5%)and spontaneous bacteremia(14.1%).Among 754 pathogens isolated from 620 patients,Klebsiella pneumoniae(20.1%)was nearly as common as Escherichia coli(21.7%).Multidrug-resistant(MDR)organisms accounted for 41.0%of(20.1%)was nearly as common as Escherichia coli(21.7%).Multidrug-resistant(MDR)organisms accounted for 41.0%of all isolates,with extended-spectrum p-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli being the most prevalent MDR strain(8.9%of patients).Adherence to empirical antibiotic treatment guidelines from the European Association for the Study of the Liver was significantly lower in this cohort compared to the global study(21.5%vs.61.2%,P<0.001),accompanied by a lower clinical resolution rate(63.5%vs.79.8%,P<0.001).Conclusions:The clinical and microbiological characteristics of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis in China differ substantially from those reported in other regions.These findings highlight the need for region-specific management and prevention strategies,particularly in light of the changing microbiological landscape,high MDR prevalence,and suboptimal antibiotic practices.
