Exploring the phase transition of high entropy alloys(HEAs)with multiple major elements is of great importance for understanding the underlying physical mechanisms.Macroscopic martensitic phase tran-sition has been fr...Exploring the phase transition of high entropy alloys(HEAs)with multiple major elements is of great importance for understanding the underlying physical mechanisms.Macroscopic martensitic phase tran-sition has been frequently reported in HEAs,however,nanoscale microstructural phase evolution has not been investigated to the same extent.Herein,we have prepared the Ti_(33)Nb_(15)Zr_(25)Hf_(25)O_(2)HEA and investi-gated the strain glass transition and its associated properties using dynamic mechanical analysis and mi-crostructure characterization.We have found that the elastic modulus in Ti_(33)Nb_(15)Zr_(25)Hf_(25)O_(2)HEA deviates from Wachtman’s equation and observed the Elinvar effect in the form of temperature-independent mod-ulus in the temperature range from 150 K to 450 K and frequency-dependence modulus around 220 K.The strain glass transition has been evidenced in Ti_(33)Nb_(15)Zr_(25)Hf_(25)O_(2)HEA by the formation and growth of nano-sized domains during in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)cooling,and substantiated by the broken ergodicity during zero-field-cooling/field-cooling.The strain glass transition is believed to account for the Elinvar effect,where the modulus hardening of nano-sized domains compensates dynam-ically with the modulus softening of the transformable matrix.展开更多
The authors regret that the funding number in the Acknowledgment Section is incorrect.The correct funding project and number should be“the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3808700)”.T...The authors regret that the funding number in the Acknowledgment Section is incorrect.The correct funding project and number should be“the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3808700)”.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.展开更多
Intracellular pressure is one of the most fundamental mechanical factors,influencing cellular homeostasis and functions.Gaining insight into the intracellular pressure is essential for understanding fundamental cellul...Intracellular pressure is one of the most fundamental mechanical factors,influencing cellular homeostasis and functions.Gaining insight into the intracellular pressure is essential for understanding fundamental cellular processes and developing therapeutic strategies.In this review,we provide an overview of the intracellular pressure,focusing on three key aspects including its regulation,characterization,as well as biological implications.We summarize representative experimental and modeling methods,highlighting their principles,strengths,and weaknesses.Meanwhile,we discuss how the intracellular pressure is generated and how it shapes the biological processes,particularly exemplified by cell division and migration.We highlight the necessity and significance of developing non-invasive and precise techniques and methods to characterize in vivo intracellular pressure under different circumstances.More light should be shed on intranuclear pressure and nuclear response to the intracellular pressure dynamics.In addition,further efforts should also be directed toward exploring the intrinsic relationship between intracellular pressure and other cellular activities.展开更多
Gaining insights into the fluctuation-induced entropic pressure between membranes that mediates cell adhesion and signal transduction is of great significance for understanding numerous physiological processes driven ...Gaining insights into the fluctuation-induced entropic pressure between membranes that mediates cell adhesion and signal transduction is of great significance for understanding numerous physiological processes driven by intercellular communication.Although much effort has been directed toward investigating this entropic pressure,there still exists tremendous controversy regarding its quantitative nature,which is of primary interest in biophysics,since Freund challenged the Helfrich’s well-accepted results on the distance dependence.In this paper,we have investigated the entropic pressure between fluctuating membranes in multilayer systems under pressure and tension through theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulations.We find that the scaling relations associated with entropic pressure depend strongly on the magnitude of the external pressures in both bending rigidityand surface tension-dominated regimes.In particular,both theoretical and computational results consistently demonstrate that,in agreement with Helfrich,the entropic pressure p decays with inter-membrane separations c as p^c^(–3)for the tensionless multilayer systems confined by small external pressures.However,our results suggest that the entropic pressure law follows to be p^c^(–1)and p^c^(–3),respectively,in the limit of large and small thermal wavelengths for bending fluctuations of the membranes in a tensionindependent manner for the case of large external pressures.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and De-velopment Program of China(No.2022YFB3800052)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12002013,51971009,and 51831006)+1 种基金the Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation(No.LZ23E010004).H.L.Hou also acknowledges the support of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.501LKQB2020105028)the Opening Fund of the State Key Lab-oratory of Nonlinear Mechanics.
文摘Exploring the phase transition of high entropy alloys(HEAs)with multiple major elements is of great importance for understanding the underlying physical mechanisms.Macroscopic martensitic phase tran-sition has been frequently reported in HEAs,however,nanoscale microstructural phase evolution has not been investigated to the same extent.Herein,we have prepared the Ti_(33)Nb_(15)Zr_(25)Hf_(25)O_(2)HEA and investi-gated the strain glass transition and its associated properties using dynamic mechanical analysis and mi-crostructure characterization.We have found that the elastic modulus in Ti_(33)Nb_(15)Zr_(25)Hf_(25)O_(2)HEA deviates from Wachtman’s equation and observed the Elinvar effect in the form of temperature-independent mod-ulus in the temperature range from 150 K to 450 K and frequency-dependence modulus around 220 K.The strain glass transition has been evidenced in Ti_(33)Nb_(15)Zr_(25)Hf_(25)O_(2)HEA by the formation and growth of nano-sized domains during in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)cooling,and substantiated by the broken ergodicity during zero-field-cooling/field-cooling.The strain glass transition is believed to account for the Elinvar effect,where the modulus hardening of nano-sized domains compensates dynam-ically with the modulus softening of the transformable matrix.
文摘The authors regret that the funding number in the Acknowledgment Section is incorrect.The correct funding project and number should be“the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3808700)”.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDB0620101,and XDB0910301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12232019,12272388,and 11902327)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS。
文摘Intracellular pressure is one of the most fundamental mechanical factors,influencing cellular homeostasis and functions.Gaining insight into the intracellular pressure is essential for understanding fundamental cellular processes and developing therapeutic strategies.In this review,we provide an overview of the intracellular pressure,focusing on three key aspects including its regulation,characterization,as well as biological implications.We summarize representative experimental and modeling methods,highlighting their principles,strengths,and weaknesses.Meanwhile,we discuss how the intracellular pressure is generated and how it shapes the biological processes,particularly exemplified by cell division and migration.We highlight the necessity and significance of developing non-invasive and precise techniques and methods to characterize in vivo intracellular pressure under different circumstances.More light should be shed on intranuclear pressure and nuclear response to the intracellular pressure dynamics.In addition,further efforts should also be directed toward exploring the intrinsic relationship between intracellular pressure and other cellular activities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11472285,and 11572326)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB22040102)and the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0501601)
文摘Gaining insights into the fluctuation-induced entropic pressure between membranes that mediates cell adhesion and signal transduction is of great significance for understanding numerous physiological processes driven by intercellular communication.Although much effort has been directed toward investigating this entropic pressure,there still exists tremendous controversy regarding its quantitative nature,which is of primary interest in biophysics,since Freund challenged the Helfrich’s well-accepted results on the distance dependence.In this paper,we have investigated the entropic pressure between fluctuating membranes in multilayer systems under pressure and tension through theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulations.We find that the scaling relations associated with entropic pressure depend strongly on the magnitude of the external pressures in both bending rigidityand surface tension-dominated regimes.In particular,both theoretical and computational results consistently demonstrate that,in agreement with Helfrich,the entropic pressure p decays with inter-membrane separations c as p^c^(–3)for the tensionless multilayer systems confined by small external pressures.However,our results suggest that the entropic pressure law follows to be p^c^(–1)and p^c^(–3),respectively,in the limit of large and small thermal wavelengths for bending fluctuations of the membranes in a tensionindependent manner for the case of large external pressures.
